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Metode Mengejutkan untuk Sembuhkan Tentara yang Terluka

jaresapo — Thu, 13 Sep 2012 10:10:59 +0000

Oleh MARILYNN MARCHIONE | Associated Press

Boston (AP) – Para ilmuwan merekayasa telinga, tulang dan kulit di laboratorium, sedangkan para dokter berencana untuk melakukan transplantasi wajah dan operasi plastik lainnya yang lebih ekstrem. Dari seluruh negara, peralatan medis yang paling maju dan ada saat ini dikembangkan untuk menolong para veteran dan pasukan Amerika yang terluka.

Di Los Angeles, para ahli bedah menggunakan bagian dahi Michael Mills untuk membentuk kembali hidungnya setelah ledakan sebuah bom menghancurkan wajahnya di Irak.

Di Pittsburg, para dokter menggunakan sebuah terapi ekperimental dari jaringan tubuh babi untuk membantu menumbuhkan kembali otot paha Ron Strang yang hilang akibat sebuah ledakan di Afghanistan.

Di Boston, para ilmuwan berencana untuk melakukan implan telinga rekayasa lab untuk pertama kalinya bagi para tentara yang terluka setelah sukses melakukan eksperimen pada domba dan tikus.

Di San Antonio dan kota lainnya, para dokter menguji sel kulit yang disemprotkan dan lapisan kulit rekayasa untuk menyembuhkan luka bakar dan luka lainnya. Hasilnya sangat mengesankan: Satu produk dikembangkan dari kulup sisa dari proses penyunatan.

Penelitian tadi kebanyakan mendapatkan dana dari para pembayar pajak. Empat tahun yang lalu, pemerintah federal mendirikan AFIRM atau Armed Forces Institute of Regenerativve Medicine, sebuah jaringan yang terdiri dari beberapa rumah sakit dan universitas yang terkenal, serta memberikan dana sebesar $ 300 juta (sekitar Rp 2,87 triliun) untuk memacu sebuah metode perawatan yang baru dengan menggunakan ilmu jaringan dan operasi plastik yang lebih maju.

“Idenya secara keseluruhan adalah mengumpulkan para peneliti guna mengembangkan teknologi hebat tersebut yang terdapat pada ilmu pengetahuan sehingga siap untuk digunakan pada para pasukan,” kata pensiunan direktur AFIRM, Terry Irgens.

Kini semua yang berdinas sudah pulang, dan proyek yang sebelumnya masih dikembangkan di laboratorium kini siap untuk diaplikasikan di klinik.

Seorang sersan marinir asal Pittsburg, Strang, kehilangan setengah otot pahanya karena terkena pecahan peluru, dan membuatnya tidak bisa berjalan dengan sempurna. “Lutut saya melengkung dan saya sering terjatuh,” katanya.

Sekarang, setelah pengobatan eksperimental di University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, “Saya bisa sedikit berlari ” dan bermain sepak bola ringan dengan teman-teman, katanya. “Ini merupakan perbaikan besar.”

Itu adalah salah satu contoh dari “obat baru” yang digunakan untuk tentara. The Associated Press melakukan puluhan wawancara dan mengkaji penelitian medis terbaru untuk mengukur kemajuan dan tingkat perawatan baru bagi para prajurit yang terluka. Hasil menunjukkan beberapa pencapaian mengejutkan dalam pembedahan dan rekayasa biologis.

REKAYASA TELINGA

Sekitar seribu tentara mungkin membutuhkan telinga, dan kuping palsu bukan merupakan solusi yang baik. Telinga tersebut tidak tampak atau terasa alami dan akan usang dalam beberapa tahun. Sebuah telinga rekayasa yang dikembangkan dari sel pasien sendiri akan menjadi perbaikan yang besar.

“Orang-orang telah menelitinya selama 20 tahun”, tetapi belum mampu mengatasi hambatan yang membuatnya praktis, kata Cathryn Sundback, direktur laboratorium rekayasa jaringan di Massachusetts General Hospital.

Akhirnya solusi ditemukan. Dengan menggunakan sisa telinga pasien yang tersisa yang dibentuk dengan komputer, para ilmuwan membuat kerangka titanium yang ditutupi kolagen, yang memberikan elastisitas dan kekuatan kulit.

Mereka mengambil secuil tulang rawan dari dalam hidung atau antara tulang rusuk serta menumbuhkan rangka dengan dengan sel-sel itu. Kemudian diinkubasi selama sekitar dua pekan di laboratorium untuk menumbuhkan lebih banyak tulang rawan. Ketika sudah siap untuk implan, cangkok kulit diambil dari pasien untuk menutupi tulang rawan tersebut dan telinga dijahit ke tempatnya.

Para ilmuwan berhasil mempertahankan telinga rekayasa domba selama 20 pekan, yang membuktikan bahwa metode tersebut bisa dilakukan dengan sukses dan tahan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Mereka juga telah menumbuhkan telinga manusia dari sel yang secara anatomis benar.

Metode tersebut telah ditanamkan di punggung tikus laboratorium untuk menjaga jaringan tersebut tetap tumbuh dan memungkinkan penelitian lebih lanjut. Tapi itu tidak akan terjadi dengan telinga yang ditujukan untuk pasien — mereka hanya akan tumbuh dalam cawan laboratorium sampai mereka siap untuk dicangkok.

“Kami telah memecahkan semua masalah teknis,” kata Sundback, dan sekarang mereka siap untuk meminta persetujuan dari Food and Drug Administration untuk menanamkan jaringan itu ke pasien — mungkin sekitar satu tahun mendatang. “Sungguh menakjubkan betapa banyak kemajuan yang kami buat dengan dana AFIRM.”

REKAYASA OTOT, TULANG DAN KULIT

Seorang tentara cukup beruntung jika lengan dan kakinya masih utuh setelah ledakan bom namun pasti akan kehilangan begitu banyak otot penting, seperti bisep atau kuadrisep, sehingga anggota badan tersebut tidak dapat digunakan dengan baik.

Dalam beberapa kasus, “pasien telah kehilangan terlalu banyak otot sehingga tidak ada lagi yang dapat digunakan untuk menggabungkannya kembali dalam pembedahan,” kata Dr. Stephen Badylak, seorang spesialis kedokteran regeneratif di University of Pittsburgh.

Ia menguji implan dari “matriks ekstraselular” (jaringan ikat yang menyatukan sel) untuk meningkatkan massa otot. Matriks tersebut diduga akan melepaskan sinyal kimia yang mendorong pertumbuhan kembali dari jaringan sehat dan bukan jaringan yang terluka.

“Matriks tersebut mengubah tubuh dari berpikir, ‘Saya perlu merespon jaringan yang terluka,’ menjadi ‘Saya perlu untuk membangun kembali jaringan ini,’” kata Badylak.

Bahan-bahannya diproduksi oleh perusahaan swasta — ACell Inc Columbia, Md — dan berasal dari babi. Sistem kekebalan tubuh menoleransi itu karena tidak mengandung sel. Bahan tersebut berbentuk lembaran seperti kasa yang sedikit kaku dan dapat dipotong atau dibentuk sesuai bentuk yang dibutuhkan.

Strang, yang kehilangan setengah dari otot paha, adalah salah satu dari lima pasien yang diobati sejauh ini dalam sebuah studi yang melibatkan 80 pasien. Dokter menunggu setidaknya enam bulan setelah cedera terjadi, untuk memastikan semua penyembuhan alami telah terjadi, dan memberikan pasien terapi fisik yang intensif sebelum menanamkan matriks tersebut.

“Kami ingin mengatakan bahwa setelah operasi mereka akan sebaik yang mereka bisa dan matriks berperan dalam penyembuhan itu,” jelas Badylak.

Dalam pengujian awal, “Mereka telah menunjukkan 10 sampai 20 persen peningkatan” dalam kekuatan otot setelah pengobatan, kata Irgens, direktur AFIRM, yang mendanai beberapa penelitian awal.

Departemen Pertahanan mensponsori penelitian yang berlangsung hingga sekarang, yang mencakup pasien non-militer serta mantan tentara. Studi baru tersebut mengukur perubahan kekuatan dan volume otot, dan dokter bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup seperti yang sudah dapat dinikmati Strang sekarang.

Dalam upaya lain, ilmuwan dari Pittsburgh and Rice University ilmuwan bekerja untuk menumbuhkan dan memperbaiki tulang rahang dan cacat wajah lainnya. Para peneliti di Massachusetts General and Rutgers University mencoba untuk menumbuhkan otot kelopak mata. Kebutaan dapat terjadi karena tidak mampu menutup kelopak mata.

Dokter juga sedang menguji berbagai cara untuk membuat kulit. Dalam satu metode, dokter mengambil potongan kulit pasien berukuran prangko, mengolahnya di laboratorium dan menyemprotkan sel-sel tersebut ke luka bakar atau luka lainnya. Perangkat penyemprot yang digunakan untuk pengobatan tersebut sudah berlisensi di tujuh negara, dan AFIRM mensponsori sebuah penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan persetujuan AS sehingga pengobatan dapat ditawarkan di sini.

Pendekatan kedua menggunakan lembaran kulit yang dikembangkan dari sel-sel di laboratorium yang awalnya berasal dari kulup bekas proses penyunatan.

“Kini penelitian tersebut sedang dalam uji klinis dan mereka memiliki hasil yang luar biasa,” kata Irgens.

LEBIH DARI ‘LENGAN BIONIK’ UNTUK TRANSPLANTASI

Untuk semua kemajuan yang telah tercapai dalam anggota tubuh palsu modern, lengan dan tangan tidak seefektif kaki dan telapak kaki. Puluhan tentara yang terluka lebih suka mencoba transplantasi.

Pemerintah juga memperkirakan bahwa hingga 200 tentara mungkin perlu transplantasi wajah, meskipun Dr Bohdan Pomahac, ahli bedah Boston yang telah melakukan empat kali transplantasi wajah kepada para pasien non-militer, memperkirakan hanya 50 sampai 100 yang pada akhirnya akan mendapatkan satu transplantasi yang baik.

Salah satu alasannya adalah obat seumur hidup diperlukan untuk mencegah penolakan. Mereka memiliki efek samping dan meningkatkan risiko kanker.

Dr W.P. Andrew Lee, ketua bedah plastik di Johns Hopkins University, telah bekerja untuk meminimalkan risiko-risiko tersebut. Sebelumnya, di University of Pittsburgh, dia memimpin transplantasi tangan pada lima pasien dengan risiko yang minim, dengan memberikan mereka sumsum tulang yang diambil dari donor mereka bersama dengan tangan untuk membantu mereka menoleransi jaringan baru dengan lebih baik. Kelima pasien tersebut mengalami kemajuan yang baik dan empat orang sekarang hanya mengonsumsi satu obat anti-penolakan.

“Tidak ada alasan untuk berpikir wajah akan berbeda,” katanya.

Ia juga menunjukkan bahwa penolakan sering kali dapat dihentikan dengan mengoleskan krim yang mengandung obat penekan kekebalan.

“Kulit adalah target utama dari penolakan,” jelasnya, sehingga dengan transplantasi tangan, “kita dapat mendeteksi penolakan jauh lebih awal daripada yang kita bisa untuk transplantasi organ. Pasien benar-benar menghubungi kami. Mereka melihat ruam pada kulit sebagai gejala pertama di pagi hari. Kami hanya memberitahu mereka untuk mengoleskan krim.”

Dengan pendanaan militer, sejumlah dokter mengevaluasi tentara sebagai calon potensial transplantasi wajah. Pomahac menceritakan seorang pria yang kehilangan sebagian besar wajahnya, rahang dan bibir karena terkena ledakan bom. Meskipun telah menjalani 25 operasi, dia masih tidak bisa menggerakkan satu sisi wajahnya atau bibir yang terus mengiler.

“Dia selalu pergi dengan handuk di bahunya. Ini adalah masalah kualitas hidup yang besar,” kata Pomahac.

MEMAJUKAN BEDAH REKONSTRUKSI

Banyak tentara yang tetap belum sembuh atau cacat meskipun sudah menjalani beberapa operasi rekonstruktif. Menanggulangi kasus terberat adalah tujuan dari Operation Mend, sebuah program dari UCLA Medical Center, Brooke Army Medical Center di San Antonio dan Veterans Affairs-Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System.

Staf Sersan Angkatan Darat. Michael Mills (47) yang tinggal di Freeport, Minn, sebelah barat laut dari Minneapolis, adalah salah satu pasien tersebut. Dia terluka di Irak pada 2005 oleh sebuah bom yang membuatnya mengalami luka bakar yang parah dan patah tulang di seluruh tubuh. Dia kehilangan jari dan jempol. Banyak pin dipasang dalam tulangnya dan sebuah plat di pinggang. Dia juga kehilangan sebagian dari telinga dan hidung.

Mills menjalani 10 kali operasi dengan Operasi MEND, termasuk tiga di tangannya. Ahli bedah memperbaiki hidungnya dengan bagian dahinya.

“Saya sangat senang dengan tampilan baru yang saya miliki sekarang,” kata Mills. “Saya tidak membiarkan cacat tubuh mengambil hidupku. Aku akan mengalahkan cacatku.”

Meskipun beberapa luka masih tersisa. Mills mengatakan bahwa ia menderita cedera otak ringan traumatis, kecemasan, dan depresi stres pasca-traumatis, atau PTSD. Konseling melalui Department of Veterans Affairs telah membantunya, dan dia mengatakan bahwa ia tidak lagi mengalami apa yang ia alami dulu, dan berkeringat di malam hari serta lebih mampu mengendalikan amarah.

“Saya menjalani hari yang lebih baik sekarang,” katanya. Dokter dapat memperbaiki tulang dan hidungnya, tapi “mereka tidak dapat menyembuhkan apa yang ada di dalam hati,” kata Mills.

“Hanya saya yang bisa melakukan itu.”

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on the FOI forum hosted by the ADDU

duriancitygal — Tue, 17 Jul 2012 03:40:49 +0000

Sec 1 of Art. XI of our 1987 Constitution provides: “ Public Office is a public trust.”

It is a solemn obligation one undertakes when he/she enters government service and there is the expectation that the people can demand from them honesty and transparency in all government transactions.

When there is a fulfillment of that expectation, it also translates into reality the constitutional provision embodied in sec. 7 of Article III which states that – “the right of people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to documents, and papers to official acts, transactions or decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for policy development shall be afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.”

The FOI forum hosted by the ADDU in partnership with Right to Know, Right Now affords us the opportunity to get a glimpse at the proposed law which intends to concretize this constitutional provision. After having witnessed the public spectacle that was the impeachment trial of former Chief Justice Renato Corona, one cannot help but reflect on the current modalities by which the people can access government documents.

Had there been an FOI law previously enacted, would resort to the impeachment process have been necessary just to secure Corona’s SALNs?

And its not just confined to the judicial branch of our government.

These days, to what extent are government offices responsive when we request for a copy of records in their custody, i.e. SALNs and ITRs of our public officers for example? How much fees do we pay for these records? How serious are our tribunals in prosecuting public officials charged with acts that have to do with denying or refusing access to public records based on existing laws? Looking back at those significant events that shaped our political history – from the very first Edsa Revolution to the last (all apparently alluding to the environment of corruption in our government offices) … it makes us ask, would these events have transpired if we already had an FOI law?

Of course, as in all proposed and enacted legislations, what are the benefits and consequent risks if the proposed Freedom of Information Act were to be passed?

In the spirit of truth-seeking and academic discussion, we are eager to listen to these various issues and concerns. I am likewise looking forward to an engaging open forum by our participants as it will further deepen their knowledge about the FOI bill.

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Packaging for this product may vary from that shown in the image above

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Afirm 3X

lovekisser123 — Mon, 02 Apr 2012 03:31:44 +0000

AFIRM, a retinol cream, reduces the appearance of fine lines and makes your skin look and feel smoother and firmer. Retinol is vitamin A, a nutrient naturally found in the body that helps maintain normal epithelial skin function. AFIRM uses MICROSPONGE technology to entrap the retinol molecule to protect its potency and activity to help limit irritation and to promote its continuous release and an even uptake by absorption directly into the skin. AFIRM works for all skin types. Three strengths are available: AFIRM 1x contains 0.15% retinol and is intended for sensitive skin patients and for use under the eye or on the neck where many people have more sensitive skin. AFIRM 2x contains 0.30% retinol and is for normal skin. AFIRM 3x contains 0.60% retinol and is for oily or less sensitive skin. For 1.0% retinol try DERMAdoctor Poetry In Lotion intensive retinol 1.0.Get it just only $45.00,buy it Now！click here!

Amazon Sales Rank: #18747 in Beauty

Size: 30 gm

Brand: Afirm

Ingredients: Purified Water, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Emulsifying Wax, Glycerin, C10-30 Cholesterol/Lanosterol Esters, Cetyl Ricinoleate, Cetyl Alcohol, Dimethicone, Methyl Methacrylate/Glycol Dimethacrylate Crosspolymer, Retinol (Vitamin A), Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E), Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Ascorbyl Palmitate, Bisabolol, Cyclomethicone, PEG-10 Soy Sterol, Magnesium Aluminum Silicate, Stearic Acid, Butylated Hydroxy Toluene, Propyl Gallate, Disodium EDTA, Benzyl Alcohol, Methylparaben, Phenoxyethanol, Polysorbate 20, Triethanolamine.

Customer Reviews

Most helpful customer reviews

44 of 46 people found the following review helpful.
AWESOME product, very powerful…”little goes a LONG way”!

By J. Porter

This is everything it is claimed to be! It completely turned the problems I was having with my skin around! Warning, though…IT IS STRONG! Be sure to consider the skin type you have and only “baby step” into the strength of this product. It comes in 1X – 3X. I recommend taking it slowly. I ordered the 3X right off the bat because I have a problem with my (age 55) skin sloughing off dead skin cells. This caused minor break-outs and dull skin. Literally, with one application of Affirm 3X, my skin felt different…AWESOME! It did make me peel like a snake skin though. I think I “over did” at first. Then when I backed off a little, I now have it working perfectly. I can see such a difference in my skin texture, smaller pores, completely cleared any problem areas I was having and I can see such a reduction in wrinkles already. I will definitely continue using this product.With the 3X strength I use it about twice weekly right now. I have also discovered an AMAZING, MIRACLE exfoliating cloth that I use at night to clean my face! Makes your face feel like baby skin. I LOVE IT, TOO! (Claroderm Micropeeling and Cleansing Cloth. You can get it on Amazon, too)

13 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
Amazing Results

By Mandy

I tried Afirm 3X in place of Retin A in the Obagi Nu-Derm plan because I was nervous about jumping right into the harsh effects of tretinoin cream…The results were AMAZING. Within a few days this product had me gently but rapidly turning over new skin. My moderate hyperpigmentation disappeared within a couple of weeks…even before I moved up to the prescription vitamin A products that are part of the Obagi system. I used Afirm for several weeks and gradually prepared my skin for the more aggressive Vitamin A in Retin A or Tretinoin. Afirm 3X helped me completely avoid the red peeling and discomfort expected in the initial weeks of Obagi. LOVE THIS PRODUCT!!!

BTW, I started the system for some moderate sun damage and discoloration, but the bonus is that my wrinkles are GONE. (the ocassional mild acne breakouts have also stopped completely) I was recently forced to leave a little neighborhood pub until I could come back and produce my driver’s license to prove I was 21. I will be 40 in 3 months…maybe the bartender was sipping a little behind the bar before I got there…but I credit this product working in conjunction with the hydroquinone of Obagi– Admitedly, the poor lighting in that filthy bar didn’t hurt either. Good luck!!!

16 of 18 people found the following review helpful.
Pleasantly surprised

By Ty

I found this to be a great product! I wasn’t so sure that it would be, given the price. It’s much cheaper than, but works just as well as the higher priced alternatives. Maybe better, being that there wasn’t the usual problem of my skin having to adjust to the harshness of the product. No irritation or sensitivity. I will definitely purchase this product again.

See all 24 customer reviews…

Media Mining 14 - Feb 20, 2012: The 99% and Top 1%, Regenerative Medicine Overview, Reading Cancer Signs, Curing Muscular Dystrophy, Coulter Foundation work, Med Device Innovation, Open Source Hardware, and Predicting Pandemics

virginiajim — Thu, 16 Feb 2012 04:43:40 +0000

“Over the past 30 years, the benefits of economic growth in Canada, the US and much of the rest of the world, have gone increasingly to the top one percent of the population. For the majority of families, however, incomes have stagnated. This rise in inequality coincided with a sea change in government policy. Beginning in the 1980s, governments in much of the English-speaking world embarked on what has been called the neoliberal revolution – deregulation, privatization and tax cuts, aimed at liberating markets and stimulating the economy. The rising tide was supposed to lift all boats, but it didn’t.” Jill Eisen explores what happened in two parts. Part 1and Part 2 are both fifty-four minutes long. Those links are to listen online. They can be downloaded for later listening here, right clicking on either Left Behind – Part 1, Part 2 and selecting “Save Link As…” There is also a Part 3 which emphasizes Canada, but proposes a solution. It’s located at the same place as the other two and can be downloaded from there as well.

An excellent hour-long talk about regenerative medicine is presented by a key figure in that field, Dr Anthony Atala, at the National Institute of Health. It’s called “Regenerative Medicine: Current Concepts and Changing Trends” from the NIH where you have to locate the title and select an video or audio version. The video did not work for me, but you can listen online or right click either version and “Save Target As…” to download them. Dr Atala has given many talks on this field, some of which were to TED gatherings, two of which are here and here. The NIH talk is the most recent and most comprehensive, with history, types of regeneration, restrictions or handicaps, and the many tissues/organs being developed. The TED talks, each about seventeen minutes long, appear to contain many of the visual aids Dr Atala used at the NIH, if you desire images as well. He discusses bioreactors, bio printing a functioning two-chamber heart, insertion of new cell wafers into organs, how long failing organs can function, how much vascularization is needed for new tissue to live, stem cells from amniotic fluid and placentas, the Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine, the Quantum Program shown about half way through this Power Point Presentation and the new Francis Collins Stem Cell Translational Medicine Journal where more podcasts are available, and the Intermural Center for Regenerative Medicine. In March Listen to The Lancet: 09 MarchFriday has an 8 min summary of stem cell work. Right click on title and “Save Link As..” to download.

Dr. Moira Gunn spends the first fifteen minutes of a half hour program with the Genomic Health Company President, a breast cancer survivor who discusses the importance of reading the signs of cancer. The topic is also explained at the company site in six videos. Cancers differ, as we know, not just by location but within the location. Evaluation of a growing bank of cancer tissue samples, coupled with treatments used and outcomes, determined that four out of a hundred breast cancer victims are helped with chemotherapy. Knowing that in advance means more effective and less expensive treatment. It also means you are unlikely to need chemo. In another example it was found that ten percent of men with prostate cancer need treatment, so watch and wait is a good option, rather than slash and burn. A detailed non-commercial discussion can be read online here where all the jargon and acronyms are defined and debated.

The second fifteen minutes are spent with Chris Garabedian, CEO of A-V-I concerning the use of RNA therapeutics particularly in treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy one result which is in Phase II trials. Machinery inside the cell nucleus is repaired using RNA to fix a malformed protein that causes the condition. The same approach was used in one emergency case of a researcher accidentally infected with the Marburg virus to produce a single treatment dose within an astonishing period of four days. The speed of development attracted interest from the Department of Defense which has provided funding for further research. The company is committed to the discovery and development of novel RNA-based therapeutics with the potential to provide patients transformative treatment options. So its programs target rare diseases such as the Ebola and Marburg viruses but is also looking into treatment of dengue and flu.

Hardware is needed to apply the new medical advances and one approach started by the Coulter Foundation when it formed a partnership with fourteen educational institutes. One of those institutes is described for twenty-five minutes by the director who discusses the Foundation and role it plays in funding research at the University of Pittsburgh. These Translational Research Partner Institutions work closely with the Foundation to promote, develop and realize the clinical potential of translational research. The ultimate goal of the partnership is to focus on outcomes which will save, extend, and improve patient lives suffering from any disease or condition, in any size market, in any discipline, in any country around the world. The first year of the program at UP produced twenty-three possible projects of which five will probably be funded this year. The goal is to repeat the process each year. This effort and those of Dr Atala of the Wake Forest Institute for Regeneration are on the East Coast.

Then there is medical device innovation by commercial developers who met at Stanford to discuss their efforts for seventy-eight minutes. Healthcare entrepreneurs provide their in-the-trenches perspectives on advancing medical technologies working to extend and enhance lives. Especially in global markets which demand high-impact growth products, these innovators are challenged by securing funding through traditional ventures or alternative sources and developing cost-effective products in a changing landscape. From the 2011 Global Health Series organized by the Stanford Global Health Center in partnership with the Stanford Graduate School of Business, Paul Yock, Professor of Medicine and Founding Co-Chair of Stanford’s Program in Biodesign, leads this interactive panel discussion. Panelists include Uday Kumar of iRhythm, Darin Buxbaum of Hourglass Technologies, Mohit Kaushal of the West Wireless Health Institute, and Darren Hite of Aberdare Ventures, all of whom launched in their first years after Stanford. In California one such innovator called Organovo is now using a 3D printer to produce muscle tissue.

The opposite of commercialized hardware is an open source version. The benefits and challenges of this approach are typified by a webinar promoted by The Neuroscience Information Framework. Carlo Quinonez is the presenter, an academic researcher, and located in California. A link to the video and audio are here. The audio can be heard online here. A webinar includes an audience that can ask questions. It was hosted by Adobe Connect and the sound quality for the audience was poorly done. Adobe provides a service, but it apparently does not advise about the need for sound checks. The presentation also works better if playback speed is increased. The emphasis is on design of microfluidic devices and can stand more information about resources, such as the organization DIY Biology but does promote the concept and uses some other examples as well. One visual aid shows 3D printed items available from DerisiLab, but not the attachment for a Dremel that turns it into a centrifuge. This topic is difficult to define because of such work as open source robotic surgery and groups like the Open Source Hardware Junkies.

Identifying emerging pandemic threats is part of a program called “Predict” discussed in Dr Kiki’s Science Hour #132 that can be downloaded or viewed online. The program is being run by the One Health Commission. A two-page summary is available as a PDF and a twenty-eight version that looks like a Power Point Presentation is also available.

Podcast Gems 8 - Jan 6, 2012: Cory Doctorow at Chaos Congress, Podnutz, Miracle Mouse at Twelve, OLPC versus Digital Drum, Congolese Nurse Augusta Chiwi at Bastogne, and Illegal Chinese Migrants in China (what?)

virginiajim — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 17:52:07 +0000

Cory Doctorow’s insightful fifty-four minute presentation at the 28th Chaos Communication Congress (28C3), an annual four-day conference on technology, society and utopia at http://bit.ly/wG7tXg defines and characterizes the current and upcoming war on general-purpose computing. “The coming century will be dominated by war against the general purpose computer, and the stakes are the freedom, fortune and privacy of the entire human race.” A transcript is also available. It’s a video file that can’t be downloaded nor sped up. However, the audio can be recorded in the background using a program like Freecorder from http://applian.com/freecorder4/for preservation and later listening on a portable device and to adjust the playback speed. A wiki with information about the CCC is at http://bit.ly/zw5vwe .

Podnutz is a series of podcasts run by a computer repair specialist with other specialists as guests. Episode 335 at http://bit.ly/zvAKhi , a one-hour program, is a good introduction to what’s available on the site. It’s educational and entertaining for the computer user, geek or entrepreneur. Podnutz was also noted in Podcast Gems #5 for several episodes that deal with Call That Girl.

A six-year-old podcast got through my download manager’s filter and I missed the older date, so thought the comment about a mouse that regenerates organs and can give other mice the ability for a six month period, was a recent discovery. The file with a mix of topics is from an Australian radio show called “Discovery,” available at http://bit.ly/z3KDWU. The original source may not even be available. The miracle mouse starts at the 4:38 mark and runs about two minutes, but is not mentioned in the archive notes. What’s interesting is this discovery may date back to 1999 and was first detected in test mice who had identification holes punched into their ears that healed without leaving scars. They are called a Murphy Roths Large or MRL with details found here: http://bit.ly/z2McV2.

Regeneration science and tissue engineering are rapidly growing fields, but the MRL mouse seems to have vanished. Current research focuses on stem cells and extracellular matrix, while the mouse had genes controlling the regeneration that also exist in humans and, if activated, might cause human regeneration. If you want to look into these concepts, start with the National Defense Education Program at http://www.ndep.us. The NDEP produces Lab TV with a webisode entitled “Building Body Parts” in the listing for Season One. You’ll also run across the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine and the McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine that co-lead a consortium of researchers that are part of the Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM). The Department of Defense established the AFIRM in 2008 to develop new products and therapies to treat severely injured U.S. service members: http://bit.ly/xcPR3w and http://www.afirm.mil/. However, while much progress has been made since the miracle mouse was reported twelve years ago, I’m still waiting to see what has been done with the gene therapy approach.

Three good podcasts are Regenerative Medicine Podcast #3 from 2006 about the discovery of the extra cellular matrix, #101 from 2011 about heart regeneration, and #102 with a history of the field, all at http://bit.ly/wzscfm. The NIH also has an excellent hour-long video about “Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering” from 2011 that can be downloaded as an audio or video file from http://bit.ly/wju3W3.

A great regeneration conference is coming April 2012 in Breckenridge, Colorado. The talk titles outline the large scope and varied locations where work is being done: http://bit.ly/AgLDPJ. It’s unfortunate that no audio files appear to be planned. However, you can write and suggest the need, as I did, and perhaps enough time exists for arrangements to be made. It would be great if they are free, or no more than the $30 book of abstracts already being offered.

On to the OLPC project. Technology Podcast #351 from http://bit.ly/xghMf5 covers progress of the One Laptop Per Child program, as does the BBC “Click” program about eight minutes into the eighteen minute program at http://bbc.in/yBxfGV. The “Click” program contrasts it with another approach called the Digital Drum. The DD is more of a concept than a program and being applied in different ways as illustrated at these two sites: http://bit.ly/whXv8L and http://bit.ly/xpm88r .

Augusta Chiwi was a volunteer nurse at the siege of Bastogne during WWII. Her story and heroism is described at the twenty-sixth minute mark of Technology Podcast #351 from http://bit.ly/xghMf5. A nice video version is also available at that site. Veterans and “Band of Brothers” fans will like this.

The final item, China. An internal illegal migration problem exists there similar to the US problem with illegal immigrants from outside the country as described in “Guangzhou – China’s migrant metropolis” found at http://bbc.in/yfyE9b for December 29, 2011. The hukou system is the cause of the problem and a good document about this is at http://bit.ly/weVASV. It helps to know that China has twenty-two provinces, five autonomous regions and four municipalities under direction control of the central government, plus special autonomous regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

Breaking news form the future by Thomas Frey , ( Google’s top-ranked futurist speaker) , Professor Gerd Leonhard ( Visiting Professor at the Fundacao Dom Cabral in Sao Paulo / Belo Horizonte, Brazil ), Dick Pelletier, (CEO Positive Futurist)

Editorial Team — Sun, 15 May 2011 14:18:04 +0000

Prosumerzen in Imponderabilia-polis i proud to publish three of the most brilliant futurists in the

Afirm - A Sensitive Skincare

Editor — Sun, 22 Feb 2009 17:05:45 +0000

Afirm is a scientifically and highly developed formula, which assists in reducing the appearance and

Stem Cells War Wound Repair Tissue Engineering

david431 — Sun, 30 Nov 2008 20:46:30 +0000

Here you can read an article that discusses the use of stem cells to repair war wounds. The US military is currently planning on using stem cells in order to repair damaged tissue associated with wounds. Stem cells are cells that are found in almost all multi-cellular organisms. They are able to differentiate themselves into almost any cell in the body. Thus they can be used for tissue repair. The picture on the right shows a newly created ear.

The US Department of Defense has just recently launched this past April the Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM). AFIRM is composed of a variety of different government agencies. AFIRM will be funding approximately 250 million bucks to using stem cells to help people who have been injured in the current wars.

Tissue engineering uses stem cells to create whole tissue that functions in a similar manner to normal tissue. This would be used to replace a person’s missing tissue. It may not be long before scientists are able to replace entire body parts by using stem cells. They may even be able to replace missing limbs.

Since this is a government program, they plan on staying away from the more controversial embryonic stem cells. This program has the backing of the Bush administration. New techniques for using stem cells are quickly going to go through clinical trials. They should be very useful for many with currently disabling problems.

The bad news about this project is that it will remain top secret. None of the information of AFIRM is being disclosed to the public yet. However, this technology may eventually find use among the civilian population.

Department of Defense to Regrow Body Parts

Helge Johannessen — Wed, 23 Apr 2008 18:49:32 +0000

The Department of Defense in the US announced on April 17 that they will create the Armed Forces Ins