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	<title>argon &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/argon/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "argon"</description>
	<pubDate>Sun, 27 Dec 2009 15:41:38 +0000</pubDate>

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<title><![CDATA[New Threadless Design!]]></title>
<link>http://themuterobot.wordpress.com/2009/12/23/new-threadless-design/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 24 Dec 2009 02:03:18 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>themuterobot</dc:creator>
<guid>http://themuterobot.wordpress.com/2009/12/23/new-threadless-design/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[One of my photoshop designs (Young Argon Comes To Terms With His Nobility) is currently up for revie]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>One of my photoshop designs (Young Argon Comes To Terms With His Nobility) is currently up for review at Threadless.com!  Please click on the link to the right ( &#8211;&#62; ) and vote ( 5 ) for the design.  If it gets high enough marks, they&#8217;ll put it on a T-Shirt!  Here&#8217;s the full design for your consideration:</p>
<p><a href="http://themuterobot.wordpress.com/files/2009/12/youngargonposter.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-427" title="Young Argon" src="http://themuterobot.wordpress.com/files/2009/12/youngargonposter.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="625" /></a></p>
<p>Thanks for your help!</p>
<p>-CED</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[IS CARBON DIOXIDE THE VILLAIN?- FROM MY BOOK]]></title>
<link>http://waterfriend.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/is-carbon-dioxide-the-villain-from-my-book/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 06:02:24 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>waterfriend</dc:creator>
<guid>http://waterfriend.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/is-carbon-dioxide-the-villain-from-my-book/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Excerpts from GLOBAL WARMING IS A MYTH IS CARBON DI OXIDE THE VILLAIN?   Such terms as carbon credit]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Excerpts from GLOBAL WARMING IS A MYTH</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">IS CARBON DI OXIDE THE VILLAIN?</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Such terms as carbon credit find a place in newspapers almost daily. I don’t know what is all this about. To me CO<sub>2 </sub>sustains life on earth. Has the level of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere gone up? Has it been proved experimentally? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Before Industrialization</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">The whole of America and most of the old world were inhabited by a comparatively small population, a majority of whom depended upon meat and fish. Farming depended entirely on rain water as big dams were unknown. The grasslands of America and Australia didn’t produce food grains. Coal and other fossil fuels were not commercially exploited. In those days we may presume that a proper balance existed between CO<sub>2 </sub>and other ingredients of the air like N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> in spite of forest fires, the like of which we witnessed in California recently.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">After Industrialization</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Commercial exploitation of coal began first followed by oil and natural gas, resulting in increase in the level of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere. Simultaneously two other developments followed: increase in population (both human and animal) and corresponding growth in food grains production. Big dams were constructed and more and more areas of land were brought under cultivation. Mechanization and the use of artificial fertilizers made leaps and bounds in production of food grains, fruits and other commercial crops. The Prairies of North America became the granary of the world. Compared to grass, food grains and sugar fix a large quantity of CO<sub>2</sub>. The major items responsible for such CO<sub>2 </sub>fixation are:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">food grains like wheat, corn, rice, oats, soybean etc</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">underground vegetables like potato, tapioca, beetroot etc</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">fruits like apple, grapes, banana, dates, cherry, pineapple etc</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">sugarcane etc</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Experts can calculate the total quantity of CO<sub>2</sub> produced by industry and that absorbed by vegetation as mentioned above and the marine vegetation in order to find out whether the net balance is favoring CO<sub>2 </sub>concentration in the air. An easier way would be to experimentally ascertain the percentage of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmospheric air (being heavier than air CO<sub>2</sub> is available near the surface of the earth). If CO<sub>2</sub> level increases O<sub>2</sub> level should decrease. In my childhood (I am 70+) O<sub>2</sub> level was 20% as mentioned in my text book. Has it changed? An atom of carbon combines with two atoms of oxygen to form CO<sub>2 </sub>which is absorbed by the leaves of the plant to form starch. In the process two atoms of oxygen are released into the atmosphere. We may say that each carbon atom burnt ultimately results in the release of two atoms of oxygen, thus resulting in increase in the level of O<sub>2</sub>. Level of CO<sub>2</sub> dissolved in the ocean water should also be checked. If this level increases, fishes would die en mass. Has this happened? If the level of CO<sub>2 </sub>dissolved in ocean waters decreases, plant life in the ocean cannot produce enough starch by photosynthesis. This will be a hazard for fishes and other marine life.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">The volume of animal and hence plant life in the oceans is much more than that on the continents. This is because the area of the oceans is seven times the area of the continents. Also, the oceans are deep. Hence the volume of water is very much more and can contain a large population of marine life. The necessary starch has to come from plant life. So, the total bio mass in the oceans is considerably higher than that in the continent. The carbon di oxide</span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;"><span>à</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Plant starch</span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;"><span>à</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Animals</span><span style="font-family:Wingdings;"><span>à</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Carbon di oxide cycle is there in the watery medium, just as in our atmosphere. All the gases, including nitrogen, will be present in dissolved state in the oceans too. Here industrialization has not affected the ‘atmosphere’ of the ocean. This fact has to be recognized in any discussion on Global Warming.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">[The percentage of various components of atmospheric air as obtained from the websites is given below:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Nitrogen 78.1</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Oxygen 20.9</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Argon 0.9</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Neon 0.002</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Helium 0.0005</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Krypton 0.0001</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Hydrogen 0.00005</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Carbon di oxide 0.035!!!!!!!! (Poor, innocent CO2 has been maligned unnecessarily)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Methane 0.0002</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">Ozone 0.000004</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">This would suggest that the percentage of oxygen has slightly increased. If this is true it augers ill, as forest fires may become uncontrollable with increase in the level of oxygen in the coming years. Therefore, this line should be investigated separately by experts. My guess is that with unchecked use of nitrogenous fertilizers, the total bio mass in the earth could have increased. The requisite extra nitrogen must have been drawn from the atmosphere along with CO<sub>2</sub> releasing extra oxygen into the atmosphere as pointed out above.]</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;">The importance of proper scientific study cannot be over emphasized. Mother Nature maintains her balance, whatever her children may do!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0;"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Argon]]></title>
<link>http://chemiscihuy.wordpress.com/2009/11/13/argon-2/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 13 Nov 2009 14:09:50 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>lorop4tu</dc:creator>
<guid>http://chemiscihuy.wordpress.com/2009/11/13/argon-2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Argon adalah suatu unsur kimia dalam sistem periodik yang memiliki lambang Ar dan nomor atom 18. Arg]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Argon adalah suatu unsur kimia dalam sistem periodik yang memiliki lambang Ar dan nomor atom 18. Arg]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Unsur-Unsur Perioda Ketiga]]></title>
<link>http://rumahkimia.wordpress.com/2009/11/02/unsur-unsur-perioda-ketiga/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2009 19:10:11 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>ekoph</dc:creator>
<guid>http://rumahkimia.wordpress.com/2009/11/02/unsur-unsur-perioda-ketiga/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Unsur-unsur periode ketiga terdiri atas ­­11Na, 12Mg, 13Al, 14Si, 15P, 16S, 17Cl dan 18Ar. Terdiri d]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:left;">Unsur-unsur periode ketiga terdiri atas ­­<sub>11</sub>Na, <sub>12</sub>Mg, <sub>13</sub>Al, <sub>14</sub>Si, <sub>15</sub>P, <sub>16</sub>S, <sub>17</sub>Cl dan <sub>18</sub>Ar. Terdiri dari golongan IA sampai VIIIA yang mempunyai keperiodikan sifat secara teratur.</p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Sifat atom</strong></p>
<p>Pada periode 3 dalam tabel periodik, orbital 3s dan 3p terisi oleh elektron. hanya sekerar meningkatkan, berikut versi singkat konfigurasi elektron untuk delapan unsur periode 3 adalah:</p>
<p><sub>11</sub>Na     [Ne] 3s­<sup>1</sup></p>
<p><sub>2</sub>Mg     [Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup></p>
<p><sub>13</sub>Al      [Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>1</sup></p>
<p><sub>14</sub>Si      [Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p²</p>
<p><sub>15</sub>P       [Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p³</p>
<p><sub>16</sub>S       [Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>4</sup></p>
<p><sub>17</sub>Cl      [Ne] 3s<sup>2 </sup>3p<sup>5</sup></p>
<p><sub>18</sub>Ar     [Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup></p>
<p>Dalam tiap kasus, [Ne] menunjukkan struktur elektronik yang lengkap dari atom neon.</p>
<p><!--more--><br />
<strong>1.  EnErgi ionisasi pertama</strong></p>
<p>EnErgi ionisasi pertama adalah energi yang dibutuhkan untuk melepaskan satu elektron yang terkait paling lemah dari satu mol atom dalam keadaan gas menjdi satu mol ion dalam keadaan gas dengan muatan +1.<a href="http://rumahkimia.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/energi-ionisasi.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-68 aligncenter" title="energi ionisasi" src="http://rumahkimia.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/energi-ionisasi.jpg?w=300" alt="energi ionisasi" width="300" height="186" /></a></p>
<p>Dari kiri kekanan umumnya energi ionisasi  cenderung meningkat hal ini disebabkan karena jumlah kulit yang terisi pada unsur unsur periode tiga tetap sedangkan jumlah electron valensi yang mengisi kulit terluar semakin banyak sehingga gaya tarik inti semakin kuat.jika gaya tarik semakin kuat energi yang dibutuhkan untuk melepas satu electron semakin besar. Pada unsur Al dan S terjadi penyimpangan energi ionisasi yang disebabkan karena konfigurasi electron Al dan S kurang stabil sehingga mudah untuk melepas satu elektron.</p>
<p><strong>2.  Elektronegativitas / keelektronegatifan</strong></p>
<p>Keelektronegatifan adalah ukuran kecenderungan atom untuk menarik pasangan elektron ikatan.</p>
<p>Na  &#60;  Mg  &#60;  Al  &#60;  Si  &#60;  P  &#60;  S  &#60;  Cl  &#60;  Ar</p>
<p>0,93   1,31    1,61   1,90   2,19  2,58  3,16    -</p>
<p><strong>3.  Sifat jari jari</strong></p>
<p>Diagram di bawah ini menunjukkan bagaimana perubahan jari-jari atom pada unsur-unsur periode 3.<strong><a href="http://rumahkimia.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/jari2.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-69" title="jari2" src="http://rumahkimia.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/jari2.jpg?w=300" alt="jari2" width="300" height="35" /></a></strong></p>
<p>Jari jari adalah jarak dari inti atom sampai kulit atom terluar.Dari Na sampai Cl jari jari atom semakin berkurang dikarenakan jumlah kulit tetap, tapi jumlah elektron semakin bertambah sehingga gaya tarik inti semakin kuat akibatnya jari-jari semakin mengecil.</p>
<p><strong>4.  Afinitas electron</strong></p>
<p>Afinitas electron adalah energi yang dibebaskan oleh suatu atom saat menerima satu electron. Energi afinitas dari kiri kekanan semakin besar karena dipengaruhi oleh kestabilan unsur-unsur tersebut.</p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="71" valign="top">Na</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">Mg</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">Al</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">Si</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">P</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">S</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">Cl</td>
<td width="62" valign="top">Ar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="71" valign="top">-52.8</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">0</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">-42.5</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">-134</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">-72</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">-200</td>
<td width="71" valign="top">-349</td>
<td width="62" valign="top">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Nilai afinitas electron dari unsur Mg sama dengan nol karena pada kulit terahirnya sudah terisi penuh(stabil) begitu pula unsur Ar.<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>5.  Sifat Logan dan Nonlogam</strong></p>
<p>Na, Mg, Al (unsur logam), Si( unsur semilogam), P,S, Cl (unsur-unsur nonlogam), Ar (gas mulia dan merupakan gas radioaktif). Sifat logam unsur-unsur periode 3 dari kiri ke kanan semakin berkurang karena harga keelektronegatifannya semakin besar sehingga semakin mudah membentuk ion negatif.<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>6. </strong><strong>Sifat Oksidator dan Reduktor</strong></p>
<p>Unsur periode 3 dari kiri ke kanan sifat reduktornya semakin berkurang karena energi ionisasinya semakin besar sehingga sukar melepas elektron.</p>
<ul>
<li>Mg mempunyai sifat reduktor yang lebih lemah daripada Na yang merupakan reduktor terkuat, dapat bereaksi dengan air panas.</li>
<li>Al mempunyai sifat reduktor yang lebih lemah daripada Mg, tidak dapat bereaksi dengan air.</li>
<li>Si merupakan unsur semi-logam yang sangat sulit melepaskan elektron.</li>
<li>P memiliki sifat oksidator yang lemah. Tidak dapat bereaksi dengan air tetapi dapat bereaksi dengan oksidator kuat dan logam.</li>
<li>S memiliki sifat reduktor yang lemah dari fosfor, dapat bereaksi dengan air dan logam.</li>
<li>Cl merupakan oksidator terkuat, dapat bereaksi dengan air, logam, dan nonlogam.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>7.  Sifat Asam dan Basa</strong></p>
<p>Jika energi ionisasinya kecil, maka mudah untuk melepas elektron sehingga larutan tersebut bersifat basa.</p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="63">Unsur</td>
<td width="149">Hidroksida</td>
<td width="162">Nama Hidroksida</td>
<td width="123">Sifat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">Na</td>
<td width="149">NaOH</td>
<td width="162">Natrium hidroksida</td>
<td width="123">Basa kuat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">Mg</td>
<td width="149">Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="162">Magnesium hidroksida</td>
<td width="123">Basa lemah</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">Al</td>
<td width="149">Al(OH)<sub>3 </sub>atau HAlO<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="162">Alumunium hidroksida atau asam aluminat</td>
<td width="123">Amfoter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">Si</td>
<td width="149">H<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam silikat</td>
<td width="123">Asam sangat lemah</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">P</td>
<td width="149">H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam fosfit</td>
<td width="123">Asam lemah</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63"></td>
<td width="149">H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam fosfat</td>
<td width="123">Asam lemah</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">S</td>
<td width="149">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam sulfit</td>
<td width="123">Asam lemah</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63"></td>
<td width="149">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam sulfat</td>
<td width="123">Asam kuat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63">Cl</td>
<td width="149">HClO</td>
<td width="162">Asam hipoklorit</td>
<td width="123">Asam kuat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63"></td>
<td width="149">HClO<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam klorit</td>
<td width="123">Asam kuat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63"></td>
<td width="149">HClO<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam klorat</td>
<td width="123">Asam kuat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="63"></td>
<td width="149">HClO<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="162">Asam   perklorat / asam sangat kuat</td>
<td width="123">Asam   sangat kuat</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>8.  Sifat Hidroksida</strong></p>
<p>Sifat hidroksida unsur perioda 3 bergantung pada energi ionisasi unsur tersebut. Jika energi ionisasinya rendah, maka ikatan M-OH bersifat ionik dan hidroksida bersifat basa, dalam air melepas ion OH<sup>-</sup>. Sebaliknya, jika energi ionisasinya relatif besar, maka ikatan M-OH akan bersifat kovalen dan tidak dapat melepas ion OH<sup>-</sup>. Karena ikatan O-H bersifat polar, maka ikatan itu dapat mengalami hidrolisis sehingga melepas ion H<sup>+</sup> dan larutannya bersifat asam.</p>
<p>Hidroksida unsur perioda 3 terdiri atas NaOH, Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>, Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>, Si(OH)<sub>4</sub>, P(OH)<sub>5</sub>, S(OH)<sub>6</sub>, dan Cl(OH)<sub>7</sub>. P(OH)<sub>5</sub>, S(OH)<sub>6</sub>, dan Cl(OH)<sub>7</sub> tidak stabil. Hidroksida-hidroksida itu melepas satu, dua, atau tiga molekul air.</p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="139"><strong>UNSUR</strong></td>
<td width="49"><strong><sub>11</sub></strong><strong>Na</strong></td>
<td width="91"><strong><sub>12</sub></strong><strong>Mg</strong></td>
<td width="77"><strong><sub>13</sub></strong><strong>Al</strong></td>
<td width="55"><strong><sub>14</sub></strong><strong>Si</strong></td>
<td width="88"><strong><sub>15</sub></strong><strong>P</strong></td>
<td width="52"><strong><sub>16</sub></strong><strong>S</strong></td>
<td width="76"><strong><sub>17</sub></strong><strong>Cl</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Konduktor/isolator</td>
<td colspan="3" width="218">Konduktor</td>
<td colspan="4" width="271">Isolator</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Oksida (utama)</td>
<td width="49">Na<sub>2</sub>O</td>
<td width="91">MgO</td>
<td width="77">Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="55">SiO<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="88">P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></td>
<td width="52">SO<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="76">Cl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Ikatan</td>
<td colspan="3" width="218">Ion</td>
<td colspan="4" width="271">Kovalen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Sifat oksida</td>
<td colspan="2" width="140">Basa</td>
<td width="77">Amfoter</td>
<td colspan="4" width="271">Asam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Hidroksida</td>
<td width="49">NaOH</td>
<td width="91">Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="77">Al(OH)<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="55">H<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="88">H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="52">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="76">HClO<sub>4</sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Kekuatan basa/asam</td>
<td width="49">Basa kuat</td>
<td width="91">Basa lemah</td>
<td width="77">Basa lemah</td>
<td width="55">Asam lemah</td>
<td width="88">Asam lemah</td>
<td width="52">Asam kuat</td>
<td width="76">Asam kuat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Klorida</td>
<td width="49">NaCl</td>
<td width="91">MgCl<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="77">AlCl<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="55">SiCl<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="88">PCl<sub>5</sub></td>
<td width="52">SCl<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="76">Cl<sub>2</sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Ikatan</td>
<td colspan="3" width="218">Ion</td>
<td colspan="4" width="271">Kovalen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Senyawa dengan hidrogen</td>
<td width="49">NaH</td>
<td width="91">MgH<sub>2</sub></td>
<td width="77">AlH<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="55">SiH<sub>4</sub></td>
<td width="88">PH<sub>3</sub></td>
<td width="52">H<sub>2</sub>S</td>
<td width="76">HCl</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Ikatan</td>
<td width="49">Ion</td>
<td colspan="6" width="440">Kovalen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="139">Reaksi dengan air</td>
<td colspan="3" width="218">Menghasilkan bau dan gas H<sub>2</sub></td>
<td colspan="2" width="144">Tidak bersifat asam</td>
<td width="52">Asam lemah</td>
<td width="76">Asam kuat</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[Nuestro destino será Argón.]]></title>
<link>http://marceloivangallardo.wordpress.com/2009/10/13/nuestro-destino-es-argon/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 13 Oct 2009 15:17:30 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Marcelo Gallardo N.</dc:creator>
<guid>http://marceloivangallardo.wordpress.com/2009/10/13/nuestro-destino-es-argon/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Argón es un planeta ubicado por la constelación de la Osa Mayor, a 10 millones de años luz de distan]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.fondosgratis.com.mx/archivos/temp/1654/400_1186713356_planeta.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="300" /><br />
Argón es un planeta ubicado por la constelación de la Osa Mayor, a 10 millones de años luz de distancia. En el año 2036 nuestra Tierra tendrá un triste fin, un meteorito chocará, y nuestra civilización estará en peligro.  La Tierra ha ejecutado el proyecto para llevar a las personas sobrevientes a la Estación Espacial Internacional &#8220;Noe&#8221;,  pero se dán cuenta que no existe el suficiente espacio y recursos para tantas gente.<br />
Naves extraterrestres vendrán a rescatarnos, pero soló a los preparados para el viaje. Cada uno de nosotros tiene un aura y escogerán soló a las personas idoneas para ir a Argón.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a name="pd_a_2115781"></a><div class="PDS_Poll" id="PDI_container2115781" style="display:inline-block;"></div><script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" charset="utf-8" src="http://static.polldaddy.com/p/2115781.js"></script>
		<noscript>
		<a href="http://answers.polldaddy.com/poll/2115781/">View This Poll</a><br/><span style="font-size:10px;"><a href="http://answers.polldaddy.com">opinion</a></span>
		</noscript></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[Argon]]></title>
<link>http://hasanfirat.wordpress.com/2009/10/09/argon/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 17:33:21 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Hasan FIRAT</dc:creator>
<guid>http://hasanfirat.wordpress.com/2009/10/09/argon/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Simgesi: Ar Grubu: 8A (Soygaz) Atom numarası: 18 Bağıl atom kütlesi: 39,948 Oda sıcaklığında: Gaz Er]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Simgesi: Ar<br />
Grubu: 8A (Soygaz)<br />
Atom numarası:  18<br />
Bağıl atom kütlesi: 39,948<br />
Oda sıcaklığında: Gaz<br />
Erime noktası:  -189,19°C<br />
Kaynama noktası:  -185,7°C<br />
Yoğunluğu: 1,7824 g/L<br />
Keşfi: 1894 &#8211; Sir William Ramsey, Baron Rayleigh<br />
Atom çapı:  0,88 Å<br />
Elektronegatifliği: Bilinmiyor<br />
Elektron dizilimi:  1s22s2p63s2p6<br />
Yükseltgenme basamağı (sayısı):  0 </p>
<p>Argon (Ar):<br />
Elektrikli aydınlatma ampullerinde ve floresan tüplerde kullanılır. Elektrik arklarıyla yapılan kesim ve kaynak işlemlerinde, ayrıca, silikon ve germanyum kristallerinin üretiminde koruyucu soygaz olarak kullanılır. Titanyum ve benzeri reaktif elementlerin eldesinde rol oynar. Radyasyon seviyelerini ölçen Geiger sayaçlarında da kullanılır.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Ruang udara]]></title>
<link>http://tekpesud.wordpress.com/2009/09/11/atmosferatmosferruang-udarabarometerdansity-altitudekepadatankerapatan-udara/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2009 03:00:20 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tekpesud</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tekpesud.wordpress.com/2009/09/11/atmosferatmosferruang-udarabarometerdansity-altitudekepadatankerapatan-udara/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ATMOSFER Struktur Atmosfer Atmosfer atau ruang udara adalah yang mengelilingi bumi dan terletak pada]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[ATMOSFER Struktur Atmosfer Atmosfer atau ruang udara adalah yang mengelilingi bumi dan terletak pada]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Laser beam used to cool down gas to a solid mass!]]></title>
<link>http://mostlytech.wordpress.com/2009/09/09/laser-beam-used-to-cool-down-gas-to-a-solid-mass/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 09 Sep 2009 16:48:51 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>mostlytech</dc:creator>
<guid>http://mostlytech.wordpress.com/2009/09/09/laser-beam-used-to-cool-down-gas-to-a-solid-mass/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Laser beams are best known as weapons in science fiction and as heating and cutting tools in science]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Laser beams are best known as weapons in science fiction and as heating and cutting tools in science fact. But a new study has flip-flopped conventional physics to show lasers in a whole new light.</p>
<p>Brian Handwerk of National Geographic News reports how Martin Weitz and Ulrich Vogl of the University of Bonn in Germany, in a new technique, used a laser to bring the temperature of dense rubidium gas far below the normal point at which the gas becomes a solid! Here&#8217;s how&#8230;</p>
<p>&#8220;Since a laser&#8217;s color is linked to its intensity, the new technique is based on using a red laser in which the frequency has been adjusted so that the beam affects the atoms only when they collide with each other.</p>
<p>Weitz and Vogl shone this laser beam into gaseous rubidium atoms in a high-pressure &#8220;atmosphere&#8221; of argon. But &#8220;during the very short period when a rubidium atom bangs into an argon atom, … [the rubidium] can absorb a photon&#8221; from the laser, NIST&#8217;s Porto explained.</p>
<p>The absorbed photon acts like a strong spring suddenly bridging the two atoms, and this weak link causes the atoms to slow down as they try to fly apart. But at some point the spring is stretched so far that the link breaks and the photon is released as scattered fluorescent light.</p>
<p>The extra energy required to slow the atoms gets carried away by the escaping photon, so the process ends up removing more energy than the laser puts in, cooling the gas.&#8221;</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/09/090908-cool-lasers-new-matter.html" target="_blank"><strong>READ MORE&#8230;</strong></a></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[BOKA Records HQ - Mix Vol.1 (BOKAHQ001)]]></title>
<link>http://bokadubstep.wordpress.com/2009/09/06/boka-records-hq-mix-vol-1-bokahq001/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 12:26:46 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>bokarec</dc:creator>
<guid>http://bokadubstep.wordpress.com/2009/09/06/boka-records-hq-mix-vol-1-bokahq001/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[This will be the first in a series of mixes brought to you direct from BOKA HQ. The motivation behin]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>This will be the first in a series of mixes brought to you direct from BOKA HQ.<br />
The motivation behind this is to showcase the sounds that influences BOKA to keep doing what they&#8217;re doing.<br />
Keep checking back as hopefully this will become a monthly thing.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.bokarecords.co.uk/bokahq001.zip" target="_blank"><img alt="" src="http://www.bokarecords.co.uk/BOKAHQ001banner.gif" title="BOKAHQ001" class="alignnone" width="460" height="120" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Tracklist:</strong><br />
1. Kryptic Minds &#8211; Chosen Few (Swamp 81)<br />
2. Truth &#8211; Terror Planet (Aquatic Lab Records)<br />
3. Tunnidge &#8211; Riddles Of Jah VIP (BOKA Records &#8211; BOKA019)<br />
4. Marlow &#8211; Bandwagon Junglist (BOKA Records &#8211; BOKA021)<br />
5. DJ Madd &#8211; Better With You (BOKA Records &#8211; BOKA020)<br />
6. Skream &#8211; Trapped In A Dark Bubble (Tectonic)<br />
7. Babylon System &#8211; Hyphy (Argon Records)<br />
8. DJ Madd &#8211; Better With You (Akira Kiteshi Remix) (BOKA Records &#8211; BOKA022)<br />
9. Benga &#8211; One Million (Tempa)<br />
10. Skream &#8211; Hitch (Tempa)<br />
11. Von D &#8211; Echolow (Black Acre Records)<br />
12. DJ Madd &#8211; Reasonz (BOKA Records &#8211; BOKA020)<br />
13. Von D &#8211; Truth (Tes La Rok remix) (Black Acre Records)</p>
<p><a href="http://www.bokarecords.co.uk/bokahq001.zip" target="_blank">http://www.bokarecords.co.uk/bokahq001.zip</a></p>
<p>Enjoy.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[12: Eye of Argon Part 6 - Jim Theis]]></title>
<link>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/28/12-eye-of-argon-part-6-jim-theis/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2009 13:55:05 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tellingoftales</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/28/12-eye-of-argon-part-6-jim-theis/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[It&#8217;s friday again, and here follows yet another Eye of Argon. First part of Chapter 4. Credits]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>It&#8217;s friday again, and here follows yet another Eye of Argon. First part of Chapter 4.</p>
<p>Credits:<br />
Written by: Jim Theis<br />
Read by: <a href="http://www.magnulus.com">Magnus Hølvold</a><br />
Music by: <a href="http://www.candacebilyk.com">Candace Bilyk</a></p>
<p>Listen: <span style='text-align:left;display:block;'><p><object type='application/x-shockwave-flash' data='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' width='290' height='24' id='audioplayer1'><param name='movie' value='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' /><param name='FlashVars' value='&amp;bg=0xf8f8f8&amp;leftbg=0xeeeeee&amp;lefticon=0x666666&amp;rightbg=0xcccccc&amp;rightbghover=0x999999&amp;righticon=0x666666&amp;righticonhover=0xffffff&amp;text=0x666666&amp;slider=0x666666&amp;track=0xFFFFFF&amp;border=0x666666&amp;loader=0x9FFFB8&amp;soundFile=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.magnulus.com%2Ftellingoftales%2Faudio%2Ftot-090828.mp3' /><param name='quality' value='high' /><param name='menu' value='false' /><param name='bgcolor' value='#FFFFFF' /></object></p></span><br />
<a title="RSS feed" href="http://www.magnulus.com/tellingoftales/audio/tellingoftales.xml">Subscribe to our RSS feed</a><br />
<a href="http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=324682319">Subscribe on iTunes</a></p>
<p>Go to the <a href="http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/contribute">Contribution</a> page to see how you can send your own stories in to be read on the podcast or how to contribute with your voice.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Martian hydrous phases]]></title>
<link>http://dorklord.wordpress.com/2009/08/27/martian-hydrous-phases/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 00:17:25 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>dorklord</dc:creator>
<guid>http://dorklord.wordpress.com/2009/08/27/martian-hydrous-phases/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Early in June I attended a NASA workshop in Houston, TX on modeling Martian hydrous environments. Le]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Early in June I attended a NASA workshop in Houston, TX on modeling Martian hydrous environments. Let me state right off the bat that I am NOT a modeler, NOT a hydrologist, NOR a planetary geologist. I always just thought of myself as a geologist, but I guess if I had to choose one of the many subsets of geology that more specifically describes my specialty it would be: thermochronologist. There I said it. That may be the first time ever I have labeled myself anything more specific than a geologist.</p>
<div>At a previous job I held someone one time tried to categorize me as a tectonicist. I immediately responded in the negative. I&#8217;m not sure if I can logically defend my dislike of that term yet- perhaps I&#8217;ll have to do a write up to see- but I just never liked it and I still hear in my mind the first time I read in John McPhee&#8217;s <em>A Suspect Terrain</em>, Anita Harris&#8217;s comment that read something like: &#8220;Tectonics is what geologists do when they are too lazy to do geology.&#8221; Dang that&#8217;s cold. I&#8217;m off topic here.</div>
<div>So, being NOT any of the things that would link me to the title of the workshop, I went there with an open mind ready to learn as much as I can about the current understanding and prospective future of the water system on Mars.</div>
<div>So, here is how I understand things. There are landers and orbiters. These are where the data come from. Of particular importance is the mineralogical data. Detectors on these pieces of equipment record spectral patterns from the Mars surface and by comparing these patterns to a vast database created by cataloging earth materials and meteorites, scientists identify the minerals present. Apparently, Mars consists of a lot of basalt and therefore many basaltic weathering products have been detected on the surface. Probably of more importance (at least with the current hype around Mars and its geologic relevance) is the detection of a variety of hydrous phases on the Martian surface. These are minerals in which water (typically in the form of OH or hydroxides) make up part of the chemical structure/formula.</div>
<div>Why are hydrous minerals on Mars of interest? It is probably safe to say that just about all scientists working within the realm of astrobiology or &#8216;life in the universe&#8217; agree that water is a fundamental necessity for the origin of life. I am pretty sure that part of the reason orbiters and landers were constructed and sent to Mars were to see if there was any water present. Surface images of Mars for years have shown evidence of surface fluids having transported sediments (e.g. alluvial fans, stream cutbanks, etc.). Couple this with the presence of hydrous minerals on the surface and there is reason to assert that the wet environment on Mars resulted in both mechanical and chemical weathering of the primary surface rocks. These processes are seen on Earth and play a role in the origin and sustainability of life. A good follow up question is: When was water present on the surface of Mars?</div>
<p>This is where the identification of jarosite in Martian sediments becomes significant. Jarosite is a potassium-iron-sulfate, with six OH&#8217;s in its formula. Therefore, as a potassium (K) bearing mineral, jarosite can be dated using the K/Ar decay scheme (more appropriately by the <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar method).  As an iron-sulfate it forms from the oxidation of H<sub>2</sub>S exsolved from subsurface crystallization of magmas or by oxidation sulfide minerals such as pyrite or chalcopyrite. Although basalt is typically low in K content (measured most often as K<sub>2</sub>O weight %) this element is fractionated during the weathering process and therefore becomes the abundant cation in the formation of jarosite.</p>
<p>So, with the mention of dating jarosite using isotopic decay- this would require some of the material to be retrieved from Mars and delivered back to laboratories here on Earth. Is it worth the money and effort to send a sample return mission to Mars to date this mineral? I think we all know that is not a fair question. It&#8217;s not fair because a sample return mission would (and should) be designed to optimize the material being collected and delivered. It would never be based on a single sample of a single material/mineral. This type of mission would probably be designed to deliver a variety of samples consisting of a range of mineralogies. Additionally the sample collection process would ideally be able to preserve some kind of spatial context for the samples so that they are not only jars of loose material.</p>
<p>Back to jarosite. What would an age tell us? Well, jarosite requires a highly acidic, oxidizing, water limited environment to form, and then requires an arid, acidic environment to be preserved over long periods of time (geologic time frame). Therefore, for the case of Meridiani Planum (where the Opportunity MER has been exploring) an age from jarosite should give the timing since the region has become arid.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll mention that the last sentence is a bit of a guess. There are several complications as to the confidence in just what the age would tell us. First, the process by which jarosite formed on Mars is uncertain at this point. There are a variety of ways the mineral forms here on Earth, with some being natural and some induced by anthropogenic practices (mining). Secondly, the chemical/structural properties of the Martian jarosite are not well constrained. There is a solid solution between jarosite (K-bearing) and natrojarosite (Na (sodium)-bearing) and if there was an episodicity of growth that resulted in banding of these end member chemistries, it would have a potentially drastic effect on the ages measured for the sample. For example, if fine grained recoil of <sup>39</sup>Ar during the irradiation process from high-K zones into low-K zones can result in anomalous ages (low K- zones would be incorrectly young and vice versa).</p>
<p>Another issue concerning the process of formation is that if the jarosite is related to hydrothermal activity as much of it is on Earth, it could form at temperatures as high as ~280<sup>o</sup>C. At present there is no constraint on the diffusion kinetics of argon through jarosite. This means it is unknown whether or not ages from jarosite reflect the timing of formation, or the timing of cooling to sufficient temperature where <sup>40</sup>Ar atoms produced by decay of <sup>40</sup>K can not escape the crystal lattice.</p>
<p>The interpretation of geologic features/processes on Mars is not cut and dry. Each hypothesis must be continually tested and almost always introduces more questions that when answered will bring scientists that much closer to the truth. It works the same way on Earth, however we have the luxury (some of the time) to be able to walk outside with a hammer and collect an observable sample and make the simple observations first. It&#8217;s not so easy in the case of Mars where humans are required to go high-tech just to get the initial remotely sensed &#8216;obeservations&#8217;.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[10: Eye of Argon Part 5 - Jim Theis]]></title>
<link>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/21/10-eye-of-argon-part-5-jim-theis/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2009 20:38:24 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tellingoftales</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/21/10-eye-of-argon-part-5-jim-theis/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[A heavily belated &#8211; but finally/sadly here &#8211; episode of Eye of Argon Friday! 3rd Chapter]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>A heavily belated &#8211; but finally/sadly here &#8211; episode of Eye of Argon Friday! 3rd Chapter!</p>
<p>Credits:<br />
Written by: Jim Theis<br />
Read by: <a href="http://www.magnulus.com">Magnus Hølvold</a><br />
Music by: <a href="http://www.candacebilyk.com">Candace Bilyk</a></p>
<p>Listen: <span style='text-align:left;display:block;'><p><object type='application/x-shockwave-flash' data='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' width='290' height='24' id='audioplayer1'><param name='movie' value='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' /><param name='FlashVars' value='&amp;bg=0xf8f8f8&amp;leftbg=0xeeeeee&amp;lefticon=0x666666&amp;rightbg=0xcccccc&amp;rightbghover=0x999999&amp;righticon=0x666666&amp;righticonhover=0xffffff&amp;text=0x666666&amp;slider=0x666666&amp;track=0xFFFFFF&amp;border=0x666666&amp;loader=0x9FFFB8&amp;soundFile=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.magnulus.com%2Ftellingoftales%2Faudio%2Ftot-090821.mp3' /><param name='quality' value='high' /><param name='menu' value='false' /><param name='bgcolor' value='#FFFFFF' /></object></p></span><br />
<a title="RSS feed" href="http://www.magnulus.com/tellingoftales/audio/tellingoftales.xml">Subscribe to our RSS feed</a><br />
<a href="http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=324682319">Subscribe on iTunes</a></p>
<p>Go to the <a href="http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/contribute">Contribution</a> page to see how you can send your own stories in to be read on the podcast or how to contribute with your voice.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Von D]]></title>
<link>http://takeflightclub.wordpress.com/2009/08/18/von-d/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2009 20:16:02 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>mumbubba</dc:creator>
<guid>http://takeflightclub.wordpress.com/2009/08/18/von-d/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[I thought I would take a moment to shine some Take Flight Light on another one of my favourite produ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><span style='text-align:center; display: block;'><object width='425' height='350'><param name='movie' value='http://www.youtube.com/v/iKlTMYga18c&#038;rel=0&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' /><param name='allowfullscreen' value='true' /><param name='wmode' value='transparent' /><embed src='http://www.youtube.com/v/iKlTMYga18c&#038;rel=0&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' allowfullscreen='true' width='425' height='350' wmode='transparent'></embed></object></span></p>
<p>I thought I would take a moment to shine some Take Flight Light on another one of my favourite producers of the moment, French producer and creator of &#8217;sexy&#8217; dubstep,<a href="http://www.myspace.com/vonddd" target="_blank"> Von D</a>. Having knocked out impressive releases on <a href="http://www.myspace.com/blackacrerecords" target="_blank">Black Acre</a> and <a href="http://www.myspace.com/nickargon" target="_blank">Argon</a>, this guy is definitely one to watch .</p>
<p>Whether its the Chicago influenced <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtV_CIfBG3I" target="_blank">&#8216;Coquine&#8217;</a> or the truly elegant 2 step shuffler that is <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jz2bOh6t134" target="_blank">&#8216;Bon&#8217;</a>, Von D has got his ish on lock right about now.</p>
<p>The tune above is entitled &#8216;Show Me&#8217; and is forthcoming on <a href="http://www.myspace.com/dj_chef" target="_blank">Chefal&#8217;s</a> new label, <a href="http://www.myspace.com/subfreqrecords" target="_blank">Sub Freq</a>.</p>
<p>Oh and it&#8217;s f*cking LUSH.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Web Comics: Yeoann, Crônicas de Argon]]></title>
<link>http://guerrasdraconicas.wordpress.com/2009/08/17/web-comics-yeoann-cronicas-de-argon/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2009 13:08:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>rsemente</dc:creator>
<guid>http://guerrasdraconicas.wordpress.com/2009/08/17/web-comics-yeoann-cronicas-de-argon/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Yeoann, Cronicas de Argon é uma Web comic publicada no site Central City, site de uma loja de RPG qu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p style="text-align:justify;"><a href="http://www.axdesign.ca/centralcity/yeoann.htm" target="_blank"><span><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-3470" title="argon" src="http://guerrasdraconicas.wordpress.com/files/2009/08/cha_argon-copy.png" alt="argon" width="190" height="357" />Yeoann, </span>Cronicas de Argon </a>é uma Web comic publicada no site <a href="http://www.axdesign.ca/centralcity/index.htm" target="_blank">Central City</a>, site de uma loja de RPG que não existe mais. Aqui temo um mundo de fantasia &#8220;medieval&#8221; padrão do RPG, com hérois bem similares como guerreiro, clerigos e paladinos. O personagem principal Argon é um guerreiro amargurado, outrora um heroi, hoje um mercenário, assombrado pelo fantasma de seu pai.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Enquanto o heroi brincava de ser mercenario seus amigos viviam outras aventuras, que são contadas em outros arcos, com histórias bem legais e geralmente em preto e branco, com um tom bem realista e um pouco de erotismo.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">A primeira e unica história de Argon acaba deixando mais duvidas que respostas, servindo para reavivar o heroi para uma proxima grande saga. Isso foi feito para dar lugar a história de outros personagens, seus antigos parceiros de aventiura, Ronan-Dor, Carolinne, Allana, Miquelle e Lizabeth.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">A qualidade do desenho e roteiro não é perfeita, semelhante as histórias do Conan, mas um pouco pior, mas ainda melhor que muitas HQs profissionais (pelo menos melhor do que o Rob Liefeld). Outra coisa importante é que no site não existe só quadrinos, lá você pode encontrar muitos contos. Todas são gratuitas, entre no site e não perca tempo, um novo mundo o aguarda.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;"><a href="http://www.axdesign.ca/centralcity/yeoann.htm" target="_blank"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3465" title="banner_ar" src="http://guerrasdraconicas.wordpress.com/files/2009/08/banner_ar.jpg" alt="banner_ar" width="450" height="75" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:justify;"><a href="http://guerrasdraconicas.wordpress.com/2009/08/03/decida-o-futuro-do-blog/" target="_blank">Há! Não se esqueçam de decidir o futuro do Blog aqui!!!</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[]]></title>
<link>http://artemwhatelse.wordpress.com/2009/08/16/18/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2009 12:24:49 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>artemwhatelse</dc:creator>
<guid>http://artemwhatelse.wordpress.com/2009/08/16/18/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Ich habe mir zum Weinachten einen Hund gewünscht xD Jeden Tag schaute ich im Internet oder in der Ze]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><address>Ich habe mir zum Weinachten einen Hund gewünscht xD</address>
<address>Jeden Tag schaute ich im Internet oder in der Zeitung nach.. <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_biggrin.gif' alt=':D' class='wp-smiley' /> </address>
<address>Bis ich einen hatte</address>
<address>Argon geboren am 15.10.07&#8230;</address>
<address></address>
<address></address>
<address></p>
</address>
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<title><![CDATA[08: Eye of Argon Part 4 - Jim Theis]]></title>
<link>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/14/08-eye-of-argon-part-4-jim-theis/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 22:10:00 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tellingoftales</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/14/08-eye-of-argon-part-4-jim-theis/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Eye of Argon Friday is upon us again, even if I am severely late in the day. Part 3 of Chapter 2! Cr]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Eye of Argon Friday is upon us again, even if I am severely late in the day.<br />
Part 3 of Chapter 2!</p>
<p>Credits:<br />
Written by: Jim Theis<br />
Read by: <a href="http://www.magnulus.com">Magnus Hølvold</a><br />
Music by: <a href="http://www.candacebilyk.com">Candace Bilyk</a></p>
<p>Listen: <span style='text-align:left;display:block;'><p><object type='application/x-shockwave-flash' data='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' width='290' height='24' id='audioplayer1'><param name='movie' value='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' /><param name='FlashVars' value='&amp;bg=0xf8f8f8&amp;leftbg=0xeeeeee&amp;lefticon=0x666666&amp;rightbg=0xcccccc&amp;rightbghover=0x999999&amp;righticon=0x666666&amp;righticonhover=0xffffff&amp;text=0x666666&amp;slider=0x666666&amp;track=0xFFFFFF&amp;border=0x666666&amp;loader=0x9FFFB8&amp;soundFile=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.magnulus.com%2Ftellingoftales%2Faudio%2Ftot-090814.mp3' /><param name='quality' value='high' /><param name='menu' value='false' /><param name='bgcolor' value='#FFFFFF' /></object></p></span><br />
<a title="RSS feed" href="http://www.magnulus.com/tellingoftales/audio/tellingoftales.xml">Subscribe to our RSS feed</a><br />
<a href="http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=324682319">Subscribe on iTunes</a></p>
<p>Go to the <a href="http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/contribute">Contribution</a> page to see how you can send your own stories in to be read on the podcast or how to contribute with your voice.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Argon Directions]]></title>
<link>http://raenmiro.wordpress.com/2009/08/14/argon-directions/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 04:39:36 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>raenmiro</dc:creator>
<guid>http://raenmiro.wordpress.com/2009/08/14/argon-directions/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Drawing from the Cluster Two material, Argon have chosen to focus their work around awareness of the]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><span style="color:#000000;">Drawing from the Cluster Two material, Argon have chosen to focus their work around awareness of the present versus the absent as revealed through differing perception. </span></p>
<p><span style="color:#000000;">Namely, the way in which altering the way we see, hear and feel heightens our awareness of things previously unnoticed in the world around us. A lack of hearing sharpens the sight, just as a lack of sight heightens our perception of sound. Similarly, a subject decontextualised or presented to us in a new way can cause us to have a clearer perception of its true form. <span style="color:#000000;"> On the other hand, form can also be manipulated to present itself as something it is not. By toying with the audience&#8217;s traditional expectations of student film, animations and the web we hope to give a heightened sense of awareness and presence of not only the things surrounding us, but also our place in this environment. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="color:#000000;">We also wish to explore the effect of changing perspective on the overall meaning of a work and how this changes the audience&#8217;s feelings towards particular subject matter which is presented.<br />
</span></span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Klimawissen (Teil 1)]]></title>
<link>http://climatepartner.wordpress.com/2009/08/13/klimawissen-teil-1/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 13 Aug 2009 00:41:47 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Alexander</dc:creator>
<guid>http://climatepartner.wordpress.com/2009/08/13/klimawissen-teil-1/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Als Mitarbeiter von ClimatePartner beschäftigt man sich jeden Tag mit dem Klimawandel, dessen möglic]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Als Mitarbeiter von ClimatePartner beschäftigt man sich jeden Tag mit dem Klimawandel, dessen möglichen Folgen und vor allem mit geeigneten Maßnahmen, die die Folgen des Klimawandels einzudämmen helfen.</p>
<p>Wie jede Branche hat auch die Klimaschutzberatung ihren eigenen Slang. Wenn wir also wie selbstverständlich von Begriffen wie Klimaneutralität, CER, VER, PPM oder COP15 reden, dann ist das auf eine spezielle Art der Déformation Professionelle zurückzuführen: Angesichts der Brisanz des Themas „Klimawandel“ und dem zugegebenermaßen hohen Grad des Engagements vergessen wir ab und zu, dass nicht jeder unserer Kunden und Partner sich hauptberuflich mit diesem Thema auseinandersetzt.</p>
<p>Daher stellen wir in einer Folge von drei Teilen komprimiert die Informationen vor, die uns als Basisinformationen wichtig erscheinen. Im ersten von drei Teilen „Klimawissen“ beschäftigen wir uns mit den Grundlagen des Klimawandels, seinen möglichen Folgen und mit Grundzügen der internationalen Klimapolitik. <!--more-->Der zweite Teil wird sich mit konkreten Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz beschäftigen, der dritte Teil mit der Umsetzung solcher Maßnahmen.</p>
<p>Weiterführende Links ermöglichen Ihnen, die in dieser Zusammenfassung nur kurz dargestellten Zusammenhänge zu vertiefen. Sollten Sie zu einzelnen Punkten Fragen haben oder weitere Informationen benötigen, wenden Sie sich bitte an uns.</p>
<p><strong>Globale Erwärmung</strong></p>
<p>Die <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globale_Erw%C3%A4rmung">globale Erwärmung</a> entsteht durch die Verbrennung <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossile_Energie">fossiler Brennstoffe</a> und die weltumfassende <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entwaldung">Entwaldung</a>. Hierdurch wird <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoffdioxid">Kohlendioxid</a> (= „CO2“, „Kohlenstoffdioxid“ bzw. engl. „Carbon“) in der <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosph%C3%A4re">Atmosphäre</a> angereichert. Die Anreicherung mit CO2 und den <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treibhausgas">übrigen Treibhausgasen</a> (engl. „Greenhouse Gases“) führt zum sogenannten <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treibhauseffekt">Treibhauseffekt</a>: Die von der Sonne kommende, kurzwellige Strahlung gelangt durch die Atmosphäre hindurch auf die Erde, die Treibhausgase lassen jedoch die langwellige Infrarotstrahlung der Erde nur teilweise wieder zurück in den Weltraum. Ein anderer Teil wird reflektiert und wieder zur Erde gesandt. Dies ist eine der Ursachen für die Erhöhung der Temperatur auf der Erde. Eine zweite wesentliche Ursache ist darin zu sehen, dass mit dem Abschmelzen der Gletscher- und Eisflächen weniger Wärmestrahlung von der Erde reflektiert und damit durch zugleich mehr Wärme absorbiert wird. Sie kennen diesen Effekt: Helle Kleidung heizt sich, dem Sonnenlicht ausgesetzt, weniger auf als dunkle.</p>
<p><strong>Treibhauseffekt</strong></p>
<p>Beim <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treibhauseffekt">Treibhauseffekt</a> unterscheidet man den natürlichen Treibhauseffekt von demjenigen, der vom Menschen verursacht wurde. Letzterer heißt deshalb auch anthropogen (= „vom Menschen geschaffen“). Ohne den natürlichen Treibhauseffekt wäre die Temperatur auf der Erde um ca. 33° unter dem heutigen Mittelwert von etwa +15°, ein Leben auf der Erde für die meisten Lebewesen also undenkbar. Dieser natürliche Treibhauseffekt ist also überlebenswichtig. Er wird durch die <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treibhausgas">Treibhausgase</a> gewährleistet, die sich in der Atmosphäre befinden und weniger als 0,1% ihres Volumens ausmachen. Mehr als 99,9% der Atmosphäre bestehen aus Sauerstoff, Stickstoff und Argon, die keine Treibhauswirkung haben.</p>
<p>Der CO2-Gehalt der Luft wird in der Einheit <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parts_per_million">„ppm“ (= engl. „parts per million“, „Teile auf eine Million“)</a> ausgedrückt. Messungen aus Eiskernbohrungen haben ergeben, dass der CO2-Gehalt in den letzten ca. 800.000 Jahren nie mehr als 300 ppm betrug. Seit Beginn der Industrialisierung erhöhte sich dieser Wert kontinuierlich auf den heutigen Wert von 385 ppm, dem vermutlich höchsten Wert in den letzten 20 Millionen Jahren.</p>
<p>Die Differenz zwischen der heutigen CO2-Konzentration von 385 ppm und der über Hunderttausende von Jahren bestehenden CO2-Konzentration von 300 ppm wird dem Menschen zugeschrieben. Insoweit spricht man also vom anthropogenen (vom Menschen geschaffenen) Treibhauseffekt.</p>
<p><strong>Mutmaßliche Hauptursachen für den Anstieg der CO2-Konzentration</strong></p>
<p>Da der sprunghafte Anstieg der CO2-Konzentration erst seit dem Beginn der <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialisierung">Industrialisierung</a> beobachtet wird, wird er auf die Verbrennung der <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossile_Energie">fossilen Brennstoffe</a> zurückgeführt, die erst seit diesem Zeitpunkt in nennenswertem Umfang genutzt werden. Fossile Brennstoffe sind vor allem <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C3%B6l">Erdöl</a>, <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdgas">Erdgas</a> und <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohle">Kohle</a>, die allesamt auf organischen Kohlenstoffverbindungen beruhen. Es handelt sich bei ihnen also um die Abbauprodukte toter Pflanzen und Tiere aus geologischer Vorzeit. Bei ihrer Verbrennung mit <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauerstoff">Sauerstoff</a> wird der in ihnen enthaltene <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoff">Kohlenstoff</a> zu <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlendioxid">Kohlendioxid</a> &#8211; oder chemisch ausgedrückt: Aus C (Kohlenstoff) und O2 (Sauerstoff) wird CO2 (Kohlendioxid).</p>
<p>Neben der Verbrennung fossiler Brennstoffe wird die <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entwaldung">Entwaldung</a> der Erde als weitere Ursache für die Anreicherung der Atmosphäre mit CO2 angesehen. Dies aus zwei Gründen: Pflanzen spalten durch <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthese">Photosynthese</a> CO2 auf. Der hierdurch entstehende Sauerstoff (O2) wird freigesetzt, der Kohlenstoff (C) in der Pflanze eingelagert. Je weniger Wald auf der Erde verbleibt, umso weniger CO2 wird umgewandelt. Hinzu kommt, dass sich der in den Pflanzen eingelagerte Kohlenstoff unter Sauerstoff wieder zu CO2 verbindet. Werden Wälder also z.B. <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandrodung">brandgerodet</a>, wird hierdurch einerseits CO2 produziert und andererseits ein Kohlenstoffspeicher zerstört.</p>
<p><strong>Erwärmung der Erde und deren Auswirkungen</strong></p>
<p>Der gemessene Anstieg der bodennahen Temperatur auf der Erde lag im Zeitraum zwischen 1900 und 2000 bei durchschnittlich ca. 0,7° weltweit. Der künftige Temperaturanstieg auf der Erde wird je nach Szenario mit einer Bandbreite zwischen 1° und 6,5° prognostiziert. Unter Berücksichtigung der bereits eingetretenen Erhöhung der CO2-Konzentration wird ein minimaler globaler Temperaturanstieg von 2° bis zum Jahre 2100 erwartet. Je nach Szenario könnte der Temperaturanstieg aber auch deutlich höher ausfallen.</p>
<p>Die <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folgen_der_globalen_Erw%C3%A4rmung">Folgen des Temperaturanstiegs</a> sind vielfältig und bergen weltweit hohe Risiken für die Gesundheit, Sicherheit, Wirtschaft und Umwelt. Zu nennen sind hier nur beispielhaft:</p>
<ul>
<li>Gesundheitsrisiken durch steigende Lufttemperaturen und Hitzewellen</li>
<li>Weitere Verbreitung von Schädlingen und Krankheitserregern</li>
<li>Anstieg des Meeresspiegels zwischen 20 und 60 cm bis ins Jahr 2100 durch Abschmelzen von Gletschern und des grönländischen Eisschildes</li>
<li>Erhöhtes Risiko von Überschwemmungen und Sturmfluten durch Zunahme der Verdunstungsmenge</li>
<li>Versauerung der Ozeane mit schwerwiegenden Folgen für das Ökosystem Meer</li>
<li>Wirtschaftliche Folgen für die Beseitigung der Klimafolgeschäden in schwer zu prognostizierender Höhe (vereinzelt werden bis zu 15% der jährlichen weltweiten Wirtschaftsleistung angenommen)</li>
<li>Bei einer Erhöhung über 2° werden substanzielle Folgen für Ökosysteme angenommen (Aussterben zahlreicher Tier- und Pflanzenarten), bei einer Erhöhung über 3° der vollständige Zusammenbruch vieler Ökosysteme</li>
<li>Zunahme der Hunger- und Wasserkrisen, namentlich in Entwicklungsländern sowie kriegerische Auseinandersetzungen um Ressourcen</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Internationale Klimapolitik</strong></p>
<p>Die Geschichte der <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klimapolitik">internationalen Klimapolitik</a> ist lang. Sie nimmt ihren Ursprung im Jahre 1969, als die amerikanische Regierung vergeblich versuchte, die NATO zum Koordinator der Klimaforschung zu machen. 1972 wurde der Treibhauseffekt erstmals von den Vereinten Nationen aufgegriffen &#8211; und zwar im Rahmen der <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konferenz_der_Vereinten_Nationen_%C3%BCber_die_Umwelt_des_Menschen">Weltumweltkonferenz in Stockholm</a>. Diese Konferenz war der eigentliche Auftakt zur internationalen Umweltpolitik.</p>
<p>Noch im selben Jahr wurde das <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umweltprogramm_der_Vereinten_Nationen">Umweltprogramm der Vereinten Nationen</a> (= UNEP, United Nations Environment Programme) errichtet, das für die Folgetreffen verantwortlich war.</p>
<p>Erst 20 Jahre später, im Jahre 1992, fand in <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konferenz_der_Vereinten_Nationen_%C3%BCber_Umwelt_und_Entwicklung">Rio de Janeiro die Konferenz der Vereinten Nationen über Umwelt und Entwicklung</a> (= UNCED, United Nations Conference on Environment and Development) statt. Die wichtigste Errungenschaft der Rio-Konferenz aus der Sicht des Klimaschutzes war die Unterzeichnung der <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klimarahmenkonvention">Klimarahmenkonvention der Vereinten Nationen</a> (= UNFCCC, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), das internationale Umweltabkommen mit dem Ziel, die globale Erwärmung zu verlangsamen und deren Folgen abzumildern.</p>
<p>Die derzeit 192 Unterzeichnerstaaten der Klimarahmenkonvention treffen sich seit 1994 einmal jährlich zu Konferenzen. Diese werden <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weltklimagipfel">Weltklimagipfel</a> genannt. Sie heißen auch kurz „COP“ (engl. „Conference of the Parties“) und werden durchnummeriert: „COP1“ hieß der Weltklimagipfel im Jahre 1995, der nun in <a href="http://en.cop15.dk/frontpage">Kopenhagen anstehende Klimagipfel heißt „COP15“</a>. Auf ihm wird nach Nachfolgeabkommen zum Kyoto-Protokoll verhandelt.</p>
<p>Das <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto-Protokoll">Kyoto-Protokoll</a> wurde nach der Weltklimakonferenz im Jahre 1997 benannt, die im japanischen Ort Kyoto stattfand. Es ist ein Zusatzprotokoll zur konkreten Ausgestaltung der Klimarahmenkonvention. Das Kyoto-Protokoll trat 2005 in Kraft und läuft 2012 aus. Gegenwärtig sind 183 Staaten Parteien des Protokolls. Die USA und Kanada haben als einzige wesentliche Industrienationen das Kyoto-Protokoll noch nicht unterzeichnet.</p>
<p>Im Kyoto-Protokoll wurden feste Ziele der industrialisierten Unterzeichnerstaaten für die Verringerung ihrer CO2-Emissionen vereinbart. Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländer haben hingegen keine Reduktionsverpflichtung übernommen. Da die Industrienationen und ihre Reduktionsziele im Anhang B des Kyoto-Protokolls namentlich erwähnt wurden, werden diejenigen Staaten, die sich zur Verringerung ihrer CO2-Emissionen verpflichtet haben, auch „Annex-B-Staaten“ genannt.</p>
<p>Die Vertragsstaaten haben sich im Kyoto-Protokoll darauf festgelegt, ihre Emissionen im Zeitraum zwischen 2008 und 2012 um durchschnittlich 5,1% (bezogen auf das Jahr 1990) zu senken. Nach dem Prinzip der Lastenteilung haben die Vertragsstaaten unterschiedlich hohe Reduktionsziele übernommen. Deutschland hat sich beispielsweise dazu verpflichtet, seine Emissionen um 21% zu verringern.</p>
<p><strong>Flexible Mechanismen des Kyoto-Protokolls</strong></p>
<p>Das Kyoto-Protokoll war nicht nur der Durchbruch bei der Vereinbarung konkreter Emissionsminderungsziele. Darüber hinaus wurden auch sogenannte flexible Mechanismen eingeführt, mit denen die Vertragsstaaten die vereinbarten Ziele erreichen können. Der Emissionsrechtehandel war geschaffen:</p>
<p><a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emissionsrechtehandel">Emissionsrechtehandel</a>: Die Idee des Emissionsrechtehandels ist es, Emissionen dort zu sparen, wo dies am kostengünstigsten möglich ist. Die Staaten teilen allen ca. 12.000 <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU-Emissionsrechtehandel#Phase_III_.282013.E2.80.932020.29">zum Emissionshandel verpflichteten Unternehmen</a> bzw. Anlagen pro Jahr eine festgelegte Menge an Emissionszertifikaten zu. Diese Menge ist geringer als die Menge der Emissionen, die diese Unternehmen verursachen. Die restlichen Emissionsminderungen müssen diese Unternehmen durch Einsparmaßnahmen oder aber dadurch erreichen, dass sie Emissionszertifikate von Unternehmen kaufen, die diese nicht benötigen, weil sie Einsparmaßnahmen in größerem Umfang getroffen haben. Beabsichtigt ist damit, über einen hohen Marktpreis für die handelbaren Emissionszertifikate Anreize zu Einsparmaßnahmen zu schaffen.</p>
<p><a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Implementation">Joint Implementation</a> (Gemeinsame Umsetzung): Hierbei handelt es sich um die Klimaschutzmaßnahme eines zur Emissionsreduktion verpflichteten Industrielandes („Annex-B-Land“) in einem anderen Annex-B-Land. Emissionsminderungen, die hierdurch erzielt werden, werden allein dem Konto des Landes gutgeschrieben, das die Maßnahme finanziert. Hinter diesem Mechanismus steht die Idee, dass es Ländern mit hohen Kosten für die Reduktion ihrer Emissionen leichter fällt, die Senkung der Emissionen durch Investitionen in Staaten zu erzielen, in denen diese Kosten niedriger sind. Geschaffen wurde dieses Instrument im Hinblick auf Osteuropa, das nach dem Zusammenbruch der kommunistischen Regierungen einen vergleichsweise hohen Investitionsbedarf hinsichtlich moderner Energieerzeugungsanlagen hatte.</p>
<p><a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanismus_f%C3%BCr_umweltvertr%C3%A4gliche_Entwicklung">Mechanismus für umweltverträgliche Entwicklung</a> (=CDM, Clean Development Mechanism): Dieser Mechanismus ist dem vorgenannten ähnlich. Allerdings findet die Klimaschutzmaßnahme in einem Staat statt, der nicht zur Emissionsreduktion nach dem Kyoto-Protokoll verpflichtet ist, also in einem Entwicklungs- und Schwellenland. Auch hier werden die CO2-Einsparungen dem investierenden Staat gutgeschrieben. Die Idee auch dieses Mechanismus ist es, Emissionen dort zu verringern, wo dies am kostengünstigsten möglich ist. Daneben soll durch CDM auch ein Technologietransfer in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländer gefördert werden.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration:underline;">Anmerkung:</span> Die vorgenannten Ausführungen zu den flexiblen Mechanismen beziehen sich ausschließlich auf die Verpflichtungen der Kyoto-Vertragsstaaten selbst bzw. Anlagen, die in den sogenannten verpflichteten Emissionshandel einbezogen sind. Im zweiten Teil unserer Beitragsserie „Klimawissen“ werden wir u.a. auch den freiwilligen Emissionshandel erläutern.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[06: Eye of Argon Part 3- Jim Theis]]></title>
<link>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/07/06-eye-of-argon-part-3-jim-theis/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2009 22:15:32 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tellingoftales</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/08/07/06-eye-of-argon-part-3-jim-theis/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Eye of Argon Friday is upon us again, even if I am severely late in the day. Part 2 of Chapter 2! Cr]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Eye of Argon Friday is upon us again, even if I am severely late in the day.<br />
Part 2 of Chapter 2!</p>
<p>Credits:<br />
Written by: Jim Theis<br />
Read by: <a href="http://www.magnulus.com">Magnus Hølvold</a><br />
Music by: <a href="http://www.candacebilyk.com">Candace Bilyk</a></p>
<p>Listen: <span style='text-align:left;display:block;'><p><object type='application/x-shockwave-flash' data='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' width='290' height='24' id='audioplayer1'><param name='movie' value='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' /><param name='FlashVars' value='&amp;bg=0xf8f8f8&amp;leftbg=0xeeeeee&amp;lefticon=0x666666&amp;rightbg=0xcccccc&amp;rightbghover=0x999999&amp;righticon=0x666666&amp;righticonhover=0xffffff&amp;text=0x666666&amp;slider=0x666666&amp;track=0xFFFFFF&amp;border=0x666666&amp;loader=0x9FFFB8&amp;soundFile=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.magnulus.com%2Ftellingoftales%2Faudio%2Ftot-090807.mp3' /><param name='quality' value='high' /><param name='menu' value='false' /><param name='bgcolor' value='#FFFFFF' /></object></p></span><br />
<a title="RSS feed" href="http://www.magnulus.com/tellingoftales/audio/tellingoftales.xml">Subscribe to our RSS feed</a><br />
<a href="http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=324682319">Subscribe on iTunes</a></p>
<p>Go to the <a href="http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/contribute">Contribution</a> page to see how you can send your own stories in to be read on the podcast or how to contribute with your voice.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[04: Eye of Argon part 2 - Jim Theis]]></title>
<link>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/07/31/04-eye-of-argon-part-2-jim-theis/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 12:31:53 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tellingoftales</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/07/31/04-eye-of-argon-part-2-jim-theis/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Eye of Argon Friday is upon us! Part 1 of Chapter 2! Credits: Written by: Jim Theis Read by: Magnus ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Eye of Argon Friday is upon us!<br />
Part 1 of Chapter 2!</p>
<p>Credits:<br />
Written by: Jim Theis<br />
Read by: <a href="http://www.magnulus.com">Magnus Hølvold</a><br />
Music by: <a href="http://www.candacebilyk.com">Candace Bilyk</a></p>
<p>Listen: <span style='text-align:left;display:block;'><p><object type='application/x-shockwave-flash' data='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' width='290' height='24' id='audioplayer1'><param name='movie' value='http://wordpress.com/wp-content/plugins/audio-player/player.swf' /><param name='FlashVars' value='&amp;bg=0xf8f8f8&amp;leftbg=0xeeeeee&amp;lefticon=0x666666&amp;rightbg=0xcccccc&amp;rightbghover=0x999999&amp;righticon=0x666666&amp;righticonhover=0xffffff&amp;text=0x666666&amp;slider=0x666666&amp;track=0xFFFFFF&amp;border=0x666666&amp;loader=0x9FFFB8&amp;soundFile=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.magnulus.com%2Ftellingoftales%2Faudio%2Ftot-090731.mp3' /><param name='quality' value='high' /><param name='menu' value='false' /><param name='bgcolor' value='#FFFFFF' /></object></p></span><br />
<a title="RSS feed" href="http://www.magnulus.com/tellingoftales/audio/tellingoftales.xml">Subscribe to our RSS feed</a><br />
<a href="http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=324682319">Subscribe on iTunes</a></p>
<p>Go to the <a href="http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/contribute">Contribution</a> page to see how you can send your own stories in to be read on the podcast or how to contribute with your voice.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Now available to iTunes + a warning]]></title>
<link>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/07/23/now-available-to-itunes-a-warning/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 23 Jul 2009 10:49:11 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tellingoftales</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tellingoftales.wordpress.com/2009/07/23/now-available-to-itunes-a-warning/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Hooray! You can now find Telling of Tales on iTunes! Click the link and subscribe to make sure you g]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Hooray! You can now find Telling of Tales <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=324682319">on iTunes</a>! Click the link and subscribe to make sure you get all the episodes to your iPod right away!</p>
<p>Also, I have so far not received more than one piece for next week&#8217;s episode. If I receive no more by sunday morning (in Britain), I&#8217;ll have to start reading from <a href="http://www-users.cs.york.ac.uk/~susan/sf/eyeargon/eyeargon.htm">The Eye of Argon</a>. </p>
<p>You have been warned&#8230;</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Argon]]></title>
<link>http://madmoisle.wordpress.com/2009/07/03/argon/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 03 Jul 2009 05:42:37 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Sylvia Octavianti</dc:creator>
<guid>http://madmoisle.wordpress.com/2009/07/03/argon/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Silahkan klik disini]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Silahkan klik disini]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[MSM: DARPA awards phase II for RSN program]]></title>
<link>http://dprogram.net/2009/05/25/msm-darpa-awards-phase-ii-for-rsn-program/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2009 21:21:35 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>dajunglechemist</dc:creator>
<guid>http://dprogram.net/2009/05/25/msm-darpa-awards-phase-ii-for-rsn-program/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[The U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency awarded Argon ST Inc. (NASDAQ:STST) a phase II co]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[The U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency awarded Argon ST Inc. (NASDAQ:STST) a phase II co]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[WELDING PROCESS]]></title>
<link>http://badecbrosdeco.wordpress.com/2009/05/25/welding-process/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2009 18:53:12 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>badecbros</dc:creator>
<guid>http://badecbrosdeco.wordpress.com/2009/05/25/welding-process/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Badec Bros Deco uses welding to fuse our mild steel and stainless steel products, because it is one ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Badec Bros Deco uses welding to fuse our mild steel and stainless steel products, because it is one of the most affordable processes of joining metal constituents.  You can also weld steel in varying thicknesses, ranging from mere portions of millimetres up to 33 centimetres.  Welding is very versatile, as it can be used to join a wide range of metal shapes and sizes.</p>
<p>Welded joints are strong and permanent, and can be applied to sheet metal, pipes, plates and sections.</p>
<p>Badec Bros Deco uses arc welding, or gas shielded welding, namely MIG (Metal Inert Gas) or MAG (Metal Active Gas).  A gas shield is used to protect the weld metal from atmospheric pollution, as it can lead to substandard quality welding.  The gas shield consists of Carbon Dioxide for mild steel (carbon based metal).  For welding stainless steel, the gas shield consists of Argon.</p>
<p>Fusion welding uses mainly electric arcs or gas flames to melt the metal to effectively join the sections.  With the use of arc welding, one needs a low voltage (18 – 40V), high current (60 – 500A) arc between the tip of the rod and the surface, to provide sufficient heat to melt and fuse the metal together.</p>
<p>Our welders are well trained and highly experienced, which ensures excellent quality welding on all of our steel décor products.</p>
<p>Should you wish to have your very own signature Badec Bros Deco hanging sculpture, Cubedec pot, gabion pot, gabion wall or gabion terrace, wooden or steel feature poles, steel laser-cut signage, bar code trellis, Cubedec water feature, pergola, arch, sculpture or trellis, please feel free to contact our energetic and knowledgeable sales representative, Mareleen van Zijl, on her cell phone at 078 800 5112, the office number at 012 460 7990, or via e-mail at <a href="mailto:mareleen@badecbros.com">mareleen@badecbros.com</a></p>
<p>She will gladly arrange an appointment with you to listen to your ideas and to stun you with our own creative ideas!  You dream it, we manufacture it!</p>
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