Biomedical Nanostructures
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience | Language: English | ISBN:0471925527 | 507 pages | Data: 2007 | PDF | 5 Mb

BOOK DESCRIPTION

Learn to Use Nanoscale Materials to Design Novel Biomedical Devices and Applications

Discover how to take full advantage of nanoscale materials in the design and fabrication of leading-edge biomedical devices. The authors introduce you to a variety of possible clinical applications such as drug delivery, diagnostics, and cancer therapy. In addition, the authors explore the interface between micron and nanoscale materials for the development of applications such as tissue engineering. Finally, they examine the mechanisms of cell interactions with material surfaces through the use of nanotechnology-based material processing and characterization methods.

The text’s three sections highlight its interdisciplinary approach:
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Part One: Nanostructure Fabrication
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Part Two: Bio-Nano Interfaces
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Part Three: Clinical Applications of Nanostructures

Among the key topics covered are nanotechnology in tissue regeneration; biomolecular engineering; receptor-ligand interactions; cell-biomaterial interactions; nanomaterials in diagnostics, drug delivery, and cancer therapy; and nano- and micron-level engineering and fabrication.

Throughout the text, clear examples guide you through the chemistry and the processing involved in designing and developing nanoscale materials for biomedical devices. Each chapter begins with an introduction and ends with a conclusion highlighting the key points. In addition, references at the end of the chapter help you expand your research on any individual topic. In summary, this book helps biomedical researchers and engineers understand the physical phenomena that occur at the nanoscale in order to design novel cell-based constructs for a wide range of applications.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

An Introduction to BioMEMS and Bionanotechnology

• Lecture 1: Introduction, Device Fabrication Methods, DNA and Proteins
  • Webcast with audio (Flash Media)
  • Lecture notes
• Lecture 2: Essentials of Microbiology, Introduction to Microfluidics
  • Webcast with audio
  • Lecture notes
• Lecture 3: Microfluidic Transport (cont), Sensing Methodologies
  • Webcast with audio
  • Lecture notes
• Lecture 4: Sensing Methodologies (cont), Integrated BioMEMS and Nanodevices
  • Webcast with audio
  • Lecture notes

BioMEMS and Bionanotechnology have the potential to make significant impact in a wide range of fields and applications. This lecture series introduces the basic concepts and topics underlying the interdisciplinary areas of BioMEMS and Bionanotechnology. Advances in this field require the knowledge of polymer processing and soft lithography in addition to silicon-inspired fabrication. Since the primary aim of many of these devices and systems is to form sensors for biological and chemical entities, an introduction to DNA, proteins, and microbiology is also essential. These devices and systems are designed to handle fluids at these small scale and hence the basic concepts of microfluidics need to be reviewed. Means to transport fluids and biological entities in these devices are necessary for the proper functioning and design of integrated devices, that can perform complete analysis on biological and chemical samples. These key topics are reviewed in this lecture series to equip the listener to get engaged deeper in these exciting areas of research.

V. Renugopalakrishnan (Editor), Randy V. Lewis (Editor), Bionanotechnology: Proteins to Nanodevices
Springer | Pages: 312 | 2006-06-01 | ISBN / ASIN: 1402042191 | PDF | 30,7 MB

BOOK DESCRIPTION

Bionanotechnology is the key integrative technology of the 21st century and aims to use the knowledge, gathered from the natural construction of cellular systems, for the advancement of science and engineering. Investigating the topology and communication processes of cell parts can lead to invention of novel biological devices with exciting applications. Though microscale to nanoscale research offers an excellent space for the development of futuristic technologies, a number of challenges must be overcome. Due to paucity of a dedicated literature on the protein based nanodevices we bring you this monograph that combines collective research works of scientists probing into this fascinating universe of bionanotechnology. The monograph has been written with an aim of surveying engineering design principles of biomolecular nanodevices, prototype nanodevices based on redox proteins, bacteriorhodopsins and natural fibers, and touching upon the future developments in the field.

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PASSWORD:-giga

BOOK DESCRIPTION

This book aims to provide vital information about the growing field of bionanotechnology for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as working professionals in various fields. The fundamentals of nanotechnology are covered along with several specific bionanotechnology applications, including nanobioimaging and drug delivery which is a growing $100 billions industry. The uniqueness of the field has been brought out with unparalleled lucidity; a balance between important insight into the synthetic methods of preparing stable nano-structures and medical applications driven focus educates and informs the reader on the impact of this emerging field. Critical examination of potential threats followed by a current global outlook completes the discussion. In short, the book takes you through a journey from fundamentals to frontiers of bionanotechnology so that you can understand and make informed decisions on the impact of bionano on your career and business.

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CONTENTS

Introduction
0.1 Bionanotechnology: A Historical Perspective
0.2 Nanotechnology and Bionanotechnology
0.3 Notable Nanoimages in Bionanotechnology
0.3.1 AFM-Qd
0.3.2 Nano-drug Delivery Chip
0.3.3 Atomic Force Microscopy Image (AFM) of SWNT
0.3.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy Image (SEM) of SWNT
0.4 Opportunities and Challenges of Bionanotechnology
0.5 Growth potential of Nanotechnology and Related Expenditures
References

1. The Significance of Nano Domain
1.1 Limitations of Micron Size
1.2 Need for Nano-Size—Surface Volume Ratio Significance
1.3 Significance and Key Features of Nano-Size
1.4 Derivation of Bohr’s Atomic Radius of a Hydrogen Atom
1.5 Comparison of Particle Behavior at Nano-Size to Macro Size: Gold and Titania
1.6 Advantages of Scaling Down—Nano-Size
References

2. Nano Drug Delivery
2.1 Conventional Drug Delivery
2.1.1 First Pass Effect
2.1.2 Routes of Delivery
2.2 Targeted Drug Delivery
2.3 Chemistry of Drug Delivery Vehicles
2.3.1 Nanocapsules
2.3.2 Unilamellar Liposomal Vesicles
2.3.3 Nanoparticles
2.3.4 Microemulsions
2.4 Delivery Profiles
2.4.1 Rate-Preprogrammed Drug Delivery Systems
2.4.2 Activation-Modulated Drug Delivery Systems
2.4.3 Feedback-Regulated Drug Delivery Systems
2.4.4 Site-Targeting Drug Delivery Systems
2.5 The Role of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery
2.5.1 Transdermal
2.5.2 Blood Brain Barrier
2.6 Advantages of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems
References

3. BioNanoimaging
3.1 Quantum Dots
3.2 Ultrasound Contrast Agents
3.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles
References

4. Successful Applications of Bionanotechnology
4.1 Nanostructures and Nanosystems
4.1.1 Nanopore Technology
4.1.2 Nano Self-Assembling Systems
4.1.3 Cantilevers
4.1.4 Nanoarrays
4.2 Nanoparticles
4.2.1 Quantum Dots (QDs)
4.2.2 Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Crystals
4.2.3 Dendrimers
4.2.4 Carbon Nanotubes
4.2.5 Nanosomes and Polymersomes
4.3 In Vitro Diagnostics
4.4 Medical Application of Nanosystems and Nanoparticles
4.4.1 Drug Delivery Applications
4.4.2 Nanoparticles in Molecular Imaging
4.5 Summary and Conclusions
References

5. Synthesis of Gold, Titania, and Zinc Oxide
5.1 Synthesis of Gold
5.1.1 Background
5.1.2 Brust Method of Synthesis of Thiol Derivatized Gold NPs by Biphasic Reduction
5.1.3 Gold Colloids
5.1.4 Gold Nanofilm
5.1.5 Gold Nanorods
5.2 Synthesis of Titania Nanostructures
5.2.1 Background
5.2.2 Solvo-Thermal Synthesis of Titania Nano Crystals
5.2.3 Sol-Gel Template Synthesis of Titania Nano Tubes and Rods
5.2.4 Overview of Other Synthesis Methods
5.3 Synthesis of Zinc Oxide
5.3.1 Background
5.3.2 The Solid-Vapor Synthesis of ZnO
5.1
5.1.1 Brust Method of Synthesis of Thiol Derivatized Gold NPs by Biphasic Reduction
5.2
5.2.1 Solvo-Thermal Synthesis of Titania Nano Crystals
5.2.2 Sol-Gel Template Synthesis of Titania Nano Tubes and Rods
5.2.3 Overview of Other Synthesis Methods
5.3
5.3.1 The Solid-Vapor Synthesis of ZnO: Horizontal Tube Furnace
5.3.2 Wurtzite Structure of ZnO
References

6. Is Bionanotechnology a Panacea?
6.1 Background
6.2 Primary Concerns
6.3 Assessing Potential Risks
6.3.1 Inhalation
6.3.2 Contact/Dermal Delivery
6.3.3 Other Routes of Contact
6.3.4 Environmental Impacts of NPs and the Food Chain
6.3.5 Explosion Hazards
6.4 Lessons from the Past
6.5 Conclusion
References

7. Roadmap to Realization of Bionanotechnology
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Nano Vision: the Futuristic Goals of Bionanotech
7.3 Working toward Realization: Current Progress
7.4 Screenshot of Reality: Bionano-Unbiased/Uncensored
7.5 The Nano Mission: Roadmap to Realization of Translation Research
7.5.1 Bionano in the US
7.5.2 Bio-Nano in Japan
7.5.3 Bio-Nano in UK
7.5.4 UK–Japan Joint Initiative for Bionanotechnology
7.5.5 The EU Initiative in Bionanotech
7.5.6 Bionano in Asia

ISBN: 047141719X
Title: Bionanotechnology : Lessons from Nature
Author: David S. Goodsell
Publisher: Wiley-Liss
Publication Date: 2004-01-29
Number Of Pages: 352

BOOK DESCRIPTION

Discussions of the basic structural, nanotechnology, and system engineering principles, as well as an introductory overview of essential concepts and methods in biotechnology, will be included.  Text is presented side-by-side with extensive use of high-quality illustrations prepared using cutting edge computer graphics techniques.  Includes numerous examples, such applications in genetic engineering.  Represents the only available introduction and overview of this interdisciplinary field, merging the physical and biological sciences.  Concludes with the authors’ expert assessment of the future promise of nanotechnology, from molecular “tinkertoys” to nanomedicine.  David Goodsell is author of two trade books, Machinery of Life and Our Molecular Nature, and Arthur Olson is the world’s leader in molecular graphics and nano-scale representation.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce the 4th MPA Meeting (International Meeting on Developments in Materials, Processes and Applications of Emerging Technologies) to be held in Braga, Portugal during 28-30 July 2010. More details on this meeting on www.mpa-meeting.com

The topics for MPA 2010 include:

1. Commercialisation of Advanced Technologies (Nanotechnology)

2. Surface Technology (Coatings; Thick & Thin Films; Surface Fabrication, Modification & Characterisation)

3. Materials for Energy Applications

4. Applied Bio-Nanotechnology

5. Carbon Nanotubes/Wires/Rods & their Applications

6. Advanced Nanometrology and Nanomanufacturing Techniques

MPA-2010 HIGHLIGHTS

Plenary lecture – The plenary lecture will be given by a very prominent person. Details about the plenary lecture will follow very soon.

Invited talks – there will be a host of invited people from academia and industry.

Posters – there will be poster display sessions in between the technical talks. We are looking to give out prizes for the best posters.

Oral contributions – people from academia and those from industry or those doing applied research will be given the opportunity to give short presentations on their most recent work.

Exhibition – companies will have the opportunity to exhibit during this event which will attract people from all over the world.

Short courses – short courses about special topics relating to nanofabrication , nano-characterisation and nano-market applications will be given by experts (eg. Nanofabrication techniques, Bionanosystems, Nano-entrepeneurship, Clean room maintenance, etc.).

Interactive discussion forum – the conference will end with an interactive open discussion forum consisting of academics and industrialists all under one roof discussing issues relating to materials, processes and applications of nanotechnology.

Publications – Papers presented at MPA-2010 will be considered for publication in special issues of the following journals:

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (JNN)

Journal of Nano Research (JNanoR)

You can submit your abstracts by sending them to abstracts@mpa-meeting.com by 15 April 2010

Looking forward to receiving your abstracts

Sincerely

MPA 2010 Team.

___________________________________

4th MPA 2010

INNOSPACE, 2nd Floor, Minshull House
Chorlton Street, Manchester
M1 3FY, United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 161 921 8172
Fax: +44 (0) 161 247 6820
Email: info@mpa-meeting.com

www.mpa-meeting.com

I have never been thought before that I will attend this kind of class. Very futuristic and unimaginable lesson. What the lecturer say is about the combination of the two main technology that is biotechnology and nanotechnology. Sometimes during the class I just can’t stop thinking (with absolutely imaginative mind!) how could that stuff be real??

Anyway, today is the last lecture, and the lecturer tell us about the future of bionanotechnology. I think this is the peak of several lesson before, that explain us about the DNA origami (This is the first time I heard that we can make origami from DNA!), DNA combining semiconductor, Nanorobot for medical therapy, gene therapy, gecko’s feet for everlasting glue tape, etc. Very interesting I think. And the nice one is : the lecturer isn’t a Japanese, so he can speak in English very very very well.. hehe

Here are some nanotechnology from nature: The idea is mimicking the nature.

The Gecko and Its Feet. Gecko has feet that covered by 500.000 setae/ foot, and each setae contain 100-1000 spatula in nanostructure. The structure can make gecko attach the wall tightly using van der waals interaction and capillary forces. So that, in theory, a single gecko can support more than 2 Kg weight hanging despite gecko have only 40g in weight. That’s why then people mimicking the feet nanostructure to make a everlasting glue tape. A glue tape that no need a glue anymore because of van der waals interaction and capillary forces. And the tape can be used over and over.

Spider Silk. Did you know that spider silk is very tough and much lighter than steel?! That nanostructure make it have extra properties in toughness, strength, and flexibility. So that people trying to mimic it to make a high quality surgical thread.

Lotus Effect. The nanostructure of lotus make it hydrophobic and let water on it always fall down and never make it wet. The always-falling-down water make the leaves always clean. That is because the lotus leaves have wax hydrophobic crystal around 1 nm in diameter. Then, what people mimic from the lotus is to make a wall paint that can wash its self when the rain come.

Then,let’s go to biotechnology inside! what the scientist still researching and developing about is to make the bionanotechnology stuff that have a nanostructure such as biomolecular stuff and combine it with other nanostructure. These are the bionanotechnology amazing stuff:

Protein Sphere and Ring. The protein can be the virus capsids, and the capsid can be used to be a good space for drugs and then make the virus as drug delivery sytem (and it is also used for gene therapy). Beside that, the virus capsids can also provide space for biomineralizing metals or semiconductor then can be a nanoelectric stuff.

TRAP Protein. TRAP is a nanostructure that contain an amino acid Trp (Tryptophan) and mRNA. TRAP naturally is used as a regulator in Trp gene expression in regulating mRNA transcription. But it can also used as array if the hole inside the TRAP filled by semiconductor and conductor. Then the array is used for an electric or computer stuff.

DNA as Bionanotechnology. Don’t we realize that DNA is nanostructure too. Then it can be engineered become a DNA Origami, for example as a box shape DNA origami. The box can be opened and closed by adding some peptide to control it. Then the box can be used as nanomachine contain medicine that only can open at the right target, some kind of drug delivery system. Beside that, DNA is a nanostructure that have a exact sequence and it can be read exactly by ribosom. It is like a pattern in a computer chips. So that, researcher make a DNA computer (but I didn’t really know for detail).

Then from that basic step, the future that bionanotechnology researcher dreaming about is there are a new superstrong and tough clothes and material inspired by spider silk, Superfast computer using optical fibers, protein, and DNA-template microchips and nanoware, Smart drugs that can target the right receptor specifically, and also a linking together of human and computer (for example a telepathy or kind of communication by nanotools that hybrid in human nerve cells).

Reference from Bionanotechnology Class, Tokyo Tech. Thank you Mr Jonathan Heddie as my lecturer.

I have recently found a company in Victoria Australia who ship small introductory Nanotechnology learning packages for students, businesses and households. The introductory kit comes in a fun carbon nanotube shaped container. The pack includes an easy to use manual detailing many topics in Nanotechnology, ranging from Biomimicry to the ethical questions and challenges of Nanotechnology. The pack contains enough materials for 12 kitchen top experiments showcasing different aspects of Nanotechnology in action. For instance the booklet describes how to build a small model of Buckminster Fullerene and explains to you the hopes for its usage in Medical applications. The package comes with a CD-ROM with many animations of Nanotechnology in action, which I feel would be brilliant to enthuse students in science about Nanotechnology whilst still at school.

I found when I was still at school there was very little in the curriculum about Nanotechnology at all. So I feel that a product like this targeted towards school children would be a great step forward in educating people about the fast evolving science of Nanotechnology. After all as scientists it is very important for us to gain the trust of the public and for that to happen they must understand what we are doing. Without the backing of the general populace our research aims especially for Medical Nanotechnology will be very limited. So I believe for the evolution of Medical Nanotechnology as an emerging science we must now start to educate about its merits and about its possible problems. For this reason I believe that this product is a great introduction to Nanotechnology for anybody interested in the subject – CT

More information about the Nanobits introductory kit can be found at: http://www.nanobits.org/products.html

I have been reading “Plenty of Room for Biology at the Bottom” recently. The book focuses on giving an introduction into Biotechnology and Bionanotechnology, which is very accessible for anybody with a grounding in chemistry or biology. The book covers topics from the natural process of Nano-scale biological assembly to Bionanotechnologies possible future Medical applications. There is a fascinating small chapter concluding the book discussing what E. Gazit believes the future holds for bionanotechology and its possible dangers.

I found this book brought the main concepts of Bionanotechnology across very well and clearly. It would be a very good first read for anybody wishing to know more about the fascinating developing science of Bionanotechnology – CT

“Plenty of Room for Biology at the Bottom, An Introduction to Bionantechnology”, E.Gazit, Imperial college press 2007

Can be found from the publisher at:  http://www.icpress.co.uk/lifesci/p465.html

Nanoscience will means a better quality of life. Small atoms could improve our trend of life changing “standards”.

It’s only an idea but probably in 2020 Nanoscience will be the most powerful kind of knowledge. But some researches are less positive about that and think that Nanoscience will not be the “panacea” of all human problems. Of course not, but it would be a breathe of fresh air…

Thinking in Nanoscience we can close our eyes and imagine a sea of possibilities. Nanoscience it’s an open field of discussion…

This post starts a series devoted to imaginary nanodevices made of proteins. I’m going to play around with known protein structures to see if some of them can form an interesting arrangement. Basic requirement is lack of obvious sterical clashes at the level of a main chain trace. If that is fulfilled I would assume very slight chance that particular arrangement is possible. However, in most cases I won’t bother inventing how to recreate it in the lab, since I don’t feel competent enough. The whole series is more fiction than science and my goal is mainly stretching my and readers imagination.

Lets start with something simple. Structure depicted above is a dimer of leucin rich repeat (LRR) protein (PDB: 1A4Y, chains A and D) with a trimeric coiled-coil (my own model made with BeammotifCC) fitted in. The opening is wide enough to accommodate three helices without any problems. Picture below shows main chain trace of the coiled-coil (in red) surrounded by LRR dimer (all atoms, blue and sea green). As you can see, any coiled-coil made of aminoacids with small side chains would not create any sterical issues. In fact, approximate size of the opening (~35 Angstroms) is much larger than the opening size of the membrane anchor of trimeric autotransporter adhesins (twelve stranded beta-barrel, PDB: 2GR7), which also accommodates a trimeric coiled-coil. So why not to use a beta-barrel instead of LRR? Well, beta-barrels are hardly present outside membranes .

One can ask question if the single LRR protein can make a full ring. It looks possible from the structure of the single repeat (beta-turn-alpha) – interactions with preceding and following repeats are virtually the same. However, secondary structure elements of these repeats are not perfectly aligned with the axis of the opening. Their tilt forces consecutive repeats to form an imaginary spiral, not a circle (although the tilt does not seem to be large enough to actually allow for spiral folding of larger number of repeats – but that’s only my assumption, it would be worth to check).

So that’s it for now. If you feel that I’m rediscovering wheel, writing something completely silly, or you have any suggestions, please feel free to discourage/encourage me with comments.