In reviewing the NASA images of the day, I was surprised to see that I missed this. November 18, was the twentieth anniversary of the launch of NASA’s Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE), which measured and mapped the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation that is found throughout the universe. That data helped to provide empirical evidence to support the inflationary Big Bang theory over other cosmological theories and is celebrated as one of the most beautiful and significant images in scientific history. Below is that image of the CMB.

From NASA:

NASA’s Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite rocketed into Earth orbit on Nov. 18, 1989, and quickly revolutionized our understanding of the early cosmos. Developed and built at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., COBE precisely measured and mapped the oldest light in the universe — the cosmic microwave background.

Luces, cubiertas, bicis y … acción. Esos son los elementos básicos del proyecto de los daneses cobe para resolver la estación-plaza de Norreport en el centro de Copenhague. Sutil a la vez que efectivo, el concurso contiene unas fotos “nocturnas” de la maqueta y unas excelentes perspectivas made in france by luxigon. Otro estudio de esos que se que se dedican a hacer renders increíbles para [visualizar espacios]

via bustler

An important thing to remember:

That thought came from John Mather during a talk at Yale entitled, “How Did the Universe Make People? A Brief History of the Universe, from the Beginning to the End.” Mather won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on COBE, the Cosmic Background Explorer launched in 1989. The satellite measured the energy released from the Big Bang, or something, and basically proved the BB theory was true. Science geeks can go here to learn more.

I am not a science geek. Without the help of several friends much smarter than I, I would have had pretty lousy grades in high school science, and I managed not to take any in college (UConn was lax on us liberal arts types back then). But during my years at Weekly Reader and as a freelancer, I’ve had occasion to write about science and have actually learned something. I’ve also discovered I enjoy science, to a degree, as long as it’s diluted for the layman and has no math.

A cool image he didn't use

Check out the celestial tie! (And ignore the unsteady hand at the photographic wheel)

Mather left out the complexities and the math, I assume because the talk was meant for the public. But it seemed like mostly Yale students and profs jammed into the lecture hall for his talk. Mather started off with an allusion to Bill Cosby, and he had a few more light moments (I never doubted that physicists have a sense humor). His focus was, as the title said, a brief history of the universe. Here’s the condensed version: The Big Bang came about 13.7 billion years ago. Galaxies formed. Gravity played a key role in this, but we don’t know what gravity really is. Stuff called dark matter and dark energy exists, but we don’t really know what they are either. Chemicals spewed from nuclear reactions in stars (alluded to in the slide above) created life on Earth. There might be life elsewhere, but whether it’s like us — who knows? In about 6.7 billion years, the sun will burn out.

Wait a minute — the sun will burn out? No more Earth? OK, this wasn’t exactly a revelation, of course, but when Mather put it out as part of a very orderly (inevitable?) progression of events, said it so matter of factly, like dictating a grocery list – well, it’s hard enough dealing with thoughts of my own mortality, but everything here, gone, zip, nada? My plays too? Now, humans might kill themselves or be wiped out by an asteroid or some other natural disaster sooner than 6.7 billion years. I’d put money on it. But the thought of our solar system plunged into nothingness just… saddens me. And now I have something else to worry me at night.

The gold-covered satellite of tomorrow

Mather is now part of a project to launch a new space telescope, the Webb, meant to fill in the gaps of what Hubble and others have found. The Webb will detect infrared light, which will give better images of distant stars. Cool. But when everything was over, I thought the talk didn’t quite live up to its title. He didn’t say much about how the universe created people, just that it did. I suppose the details go beyond his bailiwick of astrophysics. But I enjoyed the talk anyway, mostly for Mather’s candor. He was quick to say what he and other scientists don’t know. That theories are incomplete, that some substances physicists talk about might be “figments of the imagination.” At one point, he said an explanation for some cosmic event  “might be a true story.” The best scientists are not touched by hubris when it comes to describing what we truly know.

Which is, of course, is in stark opposition to many religious folk. I bring this up only because I’ve read so much for work lately about science vs. religion. Some fundamentalists try to say secularites see science or humanism as a form of religion, with its own dogma. Mather’s approach puts the lie to this; scientists are on a permanent quest to discover the truth. They know theories can be wrong, new facts emerge. Unlike the religious types, who try to shove their “divine truths” down our throat. Taking anything as gospel can be dangerous. The best believers and scientists alike keep an open mind on many things. (Sometimes they are even the same people.) So I’m holding hope that the 6.7-billion-year thing is just totally wrong.

Den svenske matematikern Helge von Kochs (1870-1924) fraktala snöflinga

Liksom man inte kan dra en kurva mellan två godtyckliga punkter på en yta som inte är sammanhängande så kan man heller inte få ett sammanhang i sitt liv om man inte noga betänker de val man gör som ung. Och vad jag pratar om är naturligtvis den matematiska verksamheten vid våra lärosäten. Matematik är grunden till er logiska förmåga, och om ni vill få era dendriter att växa så är det bäst för er att ni spenderar er värdefulla tid på intressanta matteföredrag innan ni i vinter tar första bästa jetplan till Thailand för att lata er i tron att logiken utvecklas av sig själv och i tron att vi matematiker helt ensamma kan bära upp hela verksamheten i det här landet utan ert moraliska stöd och aktiva deltagande!

I dessa tider av färgänglighet gäller det att ha förmågan att finna något beständigt och kontinuerligt som kan ledsaga en genom livets outgrundliga vägar, och därför kan man till exempel inte lämna jordelivet utan att ha en förståelse för kontinuerliga funktioner, där en funktion uttrycker ett (i positiv bemärkelse) beroende. Till exempel är genuseriets framtid beroende av mängden skattemedel man avdelar till detta vansinnesprojekt, liksom av folkets tålamod, politikernas beslut och medias prioritering – och detta kan man uttrycka som G(skatt, tålamod, beslut, media). Hur gör man rent matematiskt för att denna funktion ska störta in i origo och bli noll?

COBE-satelliten har letat patriarkala strukturer sedan 1989

Vad gäller beständigheten så är det så att det som inom matematiken en gång är bevisat är för evigt sant – detta ska jämföras med den tragiska situationen i mer världslig forskning där exempelvis upptäckten av ett litet roterande femdimensionellt membran i universums utkant kan rasera fler decenniers grubblerier och forskningsartiklar kring universums uppbyggnad. Inom fysiken måste man givetvis kombinera matematiska modeller med experimentella resultat, och man får räkna med en del bakslag ibland. Även genusvetarna, som inte använder sig av matematik, tog som bekant hjälp av COBE-satelliten (Cosmic Background Explorer) som skjöts upp 1989 och till slut lyckades finna den anisotropi (små variationer) i den kosmiska bakgrunds-strålningen som sedermera under den inflationistiska fasen av universums utvidgning gav upphov till de universella patriarkala strukturer vi kan beskåda idag (är det kanske därför Tiina Rosenbergs projektgrupp inlett ett samarbete med Fysikum i Lund kring genuscertifieringen?)

För att komma till saken – jag vill härmed inbjuda intresserade läsare (sprid gärna till vänner och bakanta!) till en populärvetenskaplig
föreläsningsserie i matematik – nämligen MATEMATISK LUSTTUR, som kommer att hållas nu i höst (med start 6 oktober) vid matematiska institutionen, Stockholms Universitet på tisdagskvällar kl 18-20. Den som är intresserad kan anmäla sig till kursansvarig  (det är inte jag, jag ska bara hålla ett av föredragen) till: orikurs@math.su.se eller rikard@math.su.se. Det går givetvis bra att anmäla sig till mig också så vidarebefordrar jag. Det krävs faktiskt inga förkunskaper alls utan bara nyfikenhet och intresse, och sk grundläggande behörighet dvs slutbetyg från gymnaium. Men den som inte är intresserad av att samla Ladok-poäng utan bara vill lyssna till ett eller annat föredrag är givetvis också varmt välkommen! Här är kursbeskrivningen till Matematisk Lusttur och här är ett preliminärt schema där ni kan se vilka föredrag som kommer att hållas under de första veckorna, den kommer att fyllas på inom kort.

Är det här alla genusartiklarna producerats?

Det finns ju hur mycket som helst att ta upp utöver det som redan är inbokat – alltifrån Benfords lag som kan användas för att enkelt upptäcka bokföringsbrott till The Infinite Monkey Theorem (eller på svenska: satsen om oändligt många apor) som hävdar att en odödlig apa som gör oändligt många tangenttryckningar förr eller senare kommer att skriva varje känd text (i sin ursprungliga form hävdade satsen dock “alla böcker i det franska nationalbiblioteket”). Detta innebär även att alla genusflummerier kommer att reproduceras av apan. Frågan är om det inte är just denna apa som sitter i något labb och skriver alla genusartiklar? Trots allt formulerades ju satsen redan 1909 i en bok om sannolikhetslära av Émile Borel, så apan har ju redan hållt på i 100 år. Hur sannolikt är det att det är denna apa som är ansvarig för dagens genusartiklar, och varför råkade alla bli på just svenska? Mycket intressant forskningsproblem – jag tror jag måste ta tag i det – äntligen är jag vansinnet på spåren!

Här en en annan klassiker om sannolikheter, nämligen Tage Danielssons monolog om sannolikheter ang Harrisburgolyckan (tipstack till Josef för denna underhållande video):

Até onde você iria por amor a sua família?

Trago para vocês o comentário/resumo desse livro muito legal chamado “Confie em mim”, de Harlan Coben.

O livro conta umas 4 histórias de pessoas diferentes. No final, todas se cruzam de uma forma violenta e inesperada. É desses livros que, na última linha, te deixa curioso para saber o que acontece a seguir, prendendo o leitor até o final.

A história central do livro é sobre Adam Baye, filho de Mike e Tia, irmão de Jill, e que era amigo do falecido Spencer. Desde a morte do amigo, Adam começa a agir de modo estranho, que preocupa os pais.

Então, Tia e Mike Baye instalam no computador de Adam um programa de monitoração, que envia relatórios de tudo que o jovem de 16 anos faz no computador. Quando uma mensagem instantânea dizendo “Fica de bico calado que a gente se safa” chaga ao filho, Mike e Tia ficam preocupados e resolvem intervir. Até que Adam foge de casa.

Ao mesmo tempo, assassinatos em série acontecem na cidade, e uma mulher chamada Susam Loriman procura um doador de medula para o filho Lucas (:O). O estranho é que o pai do garoto não é compátivel, algo muito incomum.

Além disso tudo, Betsy Hill, mãe de Spencer, sofre diariamente pela falta do filho, até encontrar uma foto que pode solucionar um mistério sobre a morte de Spencer.

Quer uma história cheia de mistério, suspense, aventura, e que prenda sua atenção até o final? Esse livro é ótimo, Confie em mim (hãm, hãm – sacô o trocadilho? )

RECOMENDADÍSSIMO! *****

Em breve o link de download será disponibilizado.

big_bang

Through two major projects undertaken mapping galaxies until now, scientists have made discoveries that provide essential support for the theory of “Big Bang”. The results of these studies presented at the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

The extent of distribution of the galaxies considered by astrophysicists as one of the most important legacy of the early stages of the universe that still exists today. Therefore, it is possible to refer to the information about the distribution and location of the galaxies as “a window that opened the knowledge of the history of the universe.”

In their study, which lasted several years, two different research groups, composed of scientists England, Australia and America, managed to create three-dimensional map of about 266,000 galaxies. The scientists compared the data on the distribution of galaxies that they collect the data from the Cosmic Background Radiation [Cosmic Background radiation] emitted into every corner of the universe, and made important discoveries regarding the origin of galaxies. Researchers examined data concluded that the galaxies formed in the material that formed 350,000 years after the Big Bang, in which this material together and gathering, and then get the shape under the influence of gravity.

cobe

The discovery confirmed the Big Bang theory, which states that the universe began with the explosion of a single point with zero volume and infinite density that occurred about 14 billion years ago. This theory has constantly proven through a number of studies that consists of tens of astronomical observations, and stood strong invincible on very solid footing. Big Bang accepted by most astrophysicists today, and the scientific evidence which justifies the fact that God created the universe out of nothing.

In his research for ten years, the Anglo-Australian Observatory in the state of New South Wales, Australia, determine the location of 221,000 galaxies in the universe by using three-dimensional mapping technique. This mapping, performed with the help of a telescope 3.9 meters in diameter at the observatory tower, almost ten times larger than previous similar studies. (1) Under the leadership of Dr. Matthew Colless, head of the observatory, the scientists first determine the location and the distance between galaxies. Then they make a model of distribution of the galaxies and study the variations very small in this model is very detailed. Scientists are asking them to research published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society [Warta Royal Astronomical Society Monthly].

In a similar study conducted by the Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, United States, the location of about 46,000 galaxies in another region of the universe is also mapped in a similar manner and examined their distribution. This study, which uses Sloan telescope 2.5 meters in diameter, was chaired by Daniel Eisenstein of the University of Arizona, and will be published in the Astrophysical Journal [Journal Astrophysics]. (2)

Results achieved by these two groups of researchers published in the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society [American Astronomical Society] in San Diego, California, United States on January 11, 2005.

The more important evidence to confirm the Big Bang

Data obtained from the results of a long and meticulous work to justify a number of estimates made decades ago in the field of astronomy about the origin of galaxies. In the 1960s, the theorists predict that the galaxies may begin to form in regions where the density of the material gathered by a slightly larger immediately after the Big Bang. If this estimate is correct, then the embryo of the galaxies should be observed in the form of very small fluctuations in the level of heat in the remnants of the radiation from the Big Bang and is known as the Cosmic Background Radiation.

Cosmic Background Radiation is heat radiation emitted just 350,000 years beginning after the Big Bang. This radiation, emitted into every corner of the universe, showing a glimpse of the portrait of the universe 350,000 years old, and can be viewed as a fossil [legacy remains] in the present. This radiation, first discovered in 1965, is recognized as an absolute proof for the Big Bang with various studies and observations, and examined in great depth. Data obtained from the COBE satellite (Cosmic Background Explorer [Cosmic Background Explorer]) in 1992 confirmed the estimates made in the 1960s and revealed that there are small waves on the background radiation of the Universe. (3) Even when it was part linkages between these small waves with the formation of galaxies has been determined, this relationship was not yet definitely demonstrated until recently.

However, an important connection that has been successfully arranged in a number of the last assessment. Colless groups and Eisenstein group has found correspondence between the small waves seen in Cosmic Background Radiation and observed in the inter-galactic distances. Thus has been proven with certainty that the origin of the galaxies formed in places where the material that emerged 350,000 years after the Big Bang gathered together at a density of slightly larger.

In a press conference on the subject, Dr. Eisenstein said that the patterns of galaxies scattered throughout the sky corresponds to the sound waves that led to the spread pattern. The researchers argue that the influence of gravity waves and direct forms of galaxies. Eisenstein made the following statement:

“We regard this as strong evidence that gravity has played a major role in shaping the embryo [galaxy] in the microwave background (left over from the Big Bang) into the galaxies and clusters of galaxies that we see around us. ” (4)

In a statement to the news agency AAP, Russell Cannon, from other research groups, said that the findings are very important values, and summarize the important results of research in the following description:

“What we’ve done shows the pattern of galaxies, distribution of galaxies that we see here and now, fully compatible with other patterns seen in remnants the Big Bang …” (5)

Some findings were also obtained from the study of matter and energy levels that constitute the universe, and the geometric shape of the universe. According to these data, the universe consists of 4% ordinary matter, dark matter 25% (ie materials that can not be observed but there was a calculation), and the rest is dark energy (mysterious energy that is [that are not known to exist] that causes the universe expands with speeds greater than expected). While the geometrical shape of the universe is flat.

Support for Big Bang

A number of discoveries made in this study have been increasingly strengthened the Big Bang theory. Dr. Cannon said the study adds strong evidence for the Big Bang theory of the origin of the universe and emphasized that support in the following words:

“We’ve learned long ago that the best theory for [the origin] of the universe is the Big Bang – that the universe was formed by a huge explosion at an exceedingly small space and has since expanded continuously.” (6)

In a review of research, Sir Martin Rees, the famous astronomer from the University of Cambridge, said that although using statistical techniques and different observations, these groups have come to a similar conclusion, and he regarded this as a instructions for the truth results. (7)

Physicsweb.org, one of the sites physical sciences the most important on the Internet, giving response that these studies “provide further evidence for the basic Big Bang theory with the development of additional models of the universe.” (8)

Thanks to modern science background radiation allows the observation of the universe and the heavenly bodies, scientists gain an understanding that the universe had a beginning (Big Bang) and then having the expansion (Development). However, this basic knowledge is not entirely new to mankind. In the Qur’an 1400 years since the human race has to know these two facts, which can only be known by scientists at the space mahaluasnya in the 20th century.

Two Important Information about Raw Formation Model of the Universe mentioned in the Qur’an

In the Qur’an, and in the Torah and the Gospel whose contents have changed after diwahyukannya, God has revealed that the universe and all matter is created from nothing; in the Koran, the only manuscript that has not been a change, He’s amazing memfirmankan one another secret: the universe is undergoing development.

The formation of the universe becomes “a” from “nothingness” is reported in the Qur’an as follows:

He is the Creator of heaven and earth. (Qur’an, 6:101)

The expansion of the universe, one of the major areas of modern scientific research, revealed in this verse:

Heaven’s and we wake up with power (We) and We really meluaskannya. (Surah Az Dzaariyaat, 51:47)

As we have seen, the two important parts of the explanation that the reference of the origin of the universe, namely the Big Bang and the expansion of the universe, was announced in the Qur’an at a time when the means of astronomical observation were very limited. This shows clear evidence that the Qur’an has been revealed by God. The findings of the latest science completely match what was reported in the Qur’an, and the last studies once again draw attention to this close correspondence.

harunyahya.com

Motto: Fuck music! Make noise!

Style: punk/hardcore

Band:

• Gabby – vocals, guitar
• Vlad – guitar, backup vocals
• Albert – bass, backup vocals
• Krusty – drums

About:

• Molotov Cocktail este o trupa de hardcore/punk care delecteaza iubitorii genului cu zgomote, dupa cum le place sa spuna. Avand o mare de concerte alaturi de complicii de la  Los Pogos, Cobe, Pavilionu 32, si altii la activ, ne-am decis sa le facem portretul robot si sa-i dam in urmarire prin cluburi si baruri.

MySpace: Molotov Cocktail

URL official: Molotov Cocktail

Motto: Alo! Alo! Liniste! Dragi tovarasi! Alo!

Style: punk/melodramatic popular/healing & easylistening

Band:

• Nicu – vocals
• Leana – vocals
• Valentin – guitar
• Zoe – bass
• Nicusor – drums

About:

• Dead Ceausescus este o trupa de punk din spatiul carpato-danubiano-pontic, sau mai cunoscut drept pe aici, care au fost si au ramas niste mari fani ai familiei Ceausescu. Alaturi de tovarasii de la Dance Trauma, Recycle Bin (RIP Poke), Coercion, Cobe si multi altii tin scena populista in ritm de mars pe imnul PCR. Pentru show demodat, dar plin de realitate, va invitam, dragi tovarasi si preteni, la revolutie.

MySpace: Dead Ceausescus

URL official: -

Motto: -

Style: punk

Band:

• Tufis – vocals
• Zgubi – guitar
• Radu – bass
• Bebe – drums

About:

• Stoned Adams este formata din 4 tipi cu pleata, care sunt mai mult decat energici. Aparand pe scena alaturi de nume precum, Cobe, Coercion, SkaFT, Chester, Oaia Neagra, First Division, au devenit si ei un nume destul de cunoscut pe scena inca in dezvoltare a “undergroudului” romanesc. Go, See, Enjoy!

MySpace: Stoned Addams

URL official: -

Motto: Getting ready to hit the studio

Style: alternative/indie/other

Band:

• Adela – vocals
• Angi – guitar
• Attila – bass
• Lehel – drums

About:

• Vive la Noiz a aparut in 2006 sub numele de White Noise. In  2007 au devenit cunoscuti, fiind prezenti la mai multe festivaluri, cum ar fiUnderground Timisoara si Stufstock. Tot in 2007 a aparut si primul lor demo, care adopta un stil ska-punk. Mai tarziu au schimbat atat stilul, in alternative-indie, cat si numele, in Vive la Noiz. Schimbarea a fost binevenita, desi au intampinat cateva dificultati cu membrii trupei. Un an mai tarziu au castigat premiul pentru cea mai buna trupa noua de alternative, concurs organizat de Metalhead.ro. In 2009 au lansat primul lor EP, “Dark clouds and Silver linings”, care poate fi cumparat de pe pagina lor de maispeis.

MySpace: Vive la Noiz

URL official: -

I’ve decided to spend some time writing extremely short explanations about why I am an evangelical Protestant Christian instead of anything else.

I have two aims.

First, I want show how an honest person can evaluate rival religions using the laws of logic, scientific evidence and historical evidence. Second, I want people who are not religious to understand that religions are either true or it is false. Religions should not be chosen based where you were born, what your parents believed, or what resonates with you. A religion should be embraced for the same reason as the theory of gravity is embraced: because it reflects the way the world really is.

Why I am not a Hindu

1. Hindu cosmology teaches that the universe cycles between creation and destruction, through infinite time.
2. The closest cosmological model conforming to Hindu Scriptures is the eternally “oscillating” model of the universe.
3. The “oscillating” model requires that the universe exist eternally into the past.
4. But the evidence today shows the the universe, and time itself, had a beginning at the big bang.
5. The “oscillating” model requires that the expansion of the universe reverse into a collapse, (= crunch).
6. In 1998, the discovery of the year was that the universe would expand forever. There will be no crunch.
7. Therefore, the oscillating model is disconfirmed by observations.
8. The oscillating model also faces theoretical problems with the “bounce” mechanism.

So that’s one reason why I am not a Hindu.

(The absolute origin of the universe out of nothing is also incompatible with Buddhism, Mormonism, etc. because they also require an eternally existing universe)

MPTY ZINE recomanda si sustine:

vineri 31 iulie 2009-Suburbia

ora: 20.00 bilet: 10 lei

Fair Do’s-hc/punk-UK

Turn It Red-punk-UK

The Barricade-punk-RO

eveniment: Anopsia,Underground Network Collective si Suburbia

SUMMER OF PUNK sau..Destroy Vama Veche

Charly Fiasco//Dead Ceausecus//Coercion//Cobe//Recycle Bin//Dance Trauma//Haos

after party punk and other junk!

veniti sa distrugem ce a mai ramas din Vama Veche

22 august 2009-Terasa HAND

DOWNLOAD: Fabolous – Imma Do It f. Cobe (prod. DJ Khalil) [CDQ] | Mediafire

Motto: Transylvanian Punk Music

Style: punk/ska/comedy

Band:

• Zsolti – vocals, bass
• Levi – guitar
• Robi – guitar
• Atti – drums

About:

• Los Pogos este o trupa de punk/ska aparuta in spatiul carpato-danubiano-pontic in anul 2002. De la infintarea trupei, care a fost facuta de Zsolti si Levi, care  s-au cunoscut la un concert de punk, au schimbat de-a lungul anilor mai multi membrii (7). Se pare ca in momentul de fata s-au mai potolit cu schimbariile interne, asa ca ne putem bucura de concerte bune si pogo fara sange in continuare. Au cantat cu diferite trupe romnaesti cum ar fi The Barricade, The Worms, Cobe, Noman’sband, Van Cramp, Smog, Recycle Bin (RIP Poke), Speardrop etc.

MySpace: Los Pogos

URL official: -

Motto: -

Style: punk

Band:

• Bako – vocals, guitar
• Robi – vocals, guitar
• Istvan – bass, backing vocals
• Attila – drums

About:

• The Barricade este o trupa de punk din Targu Mures. Dupa nume daca ne luam ii putem considera unguri, dar avand in vedere ca ei sunt romani, sa ne mandrim cu ei.  Au cantat alaturi de multe trupe romanesti buna, de efect: Los Pogos, Scandal, Coercion, Cobe, Dance Trauma, Recycle Bin, Pavilionu 32 si nu in ultimu rand Protex. Daca iti place punk-ul romanesc atunci te sfatuiesc sa ii asculti.

MySpace: The Barricade

URL official: -

Pengkaji asal usul alam semesta raih Hadiah Nobel

Pengkaji astronomi yakin bahawa alam semesta atau cakerawala terbentuk sekitar 13.7 bilion tahun yang lalu. Bermula dari satu titik sebesar sebiji zarah neutron dan melalui satu letupan besar yang digelar Big Bang maka terbinalah sebuah alam semesta yang amat luas seperti yang kita ketahui kini.

Saintis Stephen Hawking adalah pencetus teori Big Bang. Sebuah teori itu ditafsirkan sebagai suatu penjelasan yang telah diuji dan diterima pakai dan ia akur dengan banyak pemerhatian.

Semasa letupan Big Bang salah satu aktiviti atau proses letupan itu ialah wujudnya gelombang cahaya yang terus berkembang. Semakin lama sehingga lebih dari 300,000 tahun gelombang cahaya itu bertukar menjadi gelombang radio.

Gelombang cahaya itu dikenali sebagai radiasi latar belakang kosmik atau CMB (Cosmic Background Radiation) atau dalam bahasa yang mudah ia merupakan saki-baki gema daripada Big Bang.

Radiasi itu terbentuk saat cakerawala mula mendingin. Saat terjadi Big Bang radiasi dan bahan lain daripada cakerawala adalah bersatu. Ketika itu suhu alam semesta amat panas.

Manusia mengkaji alam semesta berdasarkan kaitan peninggalan gelombang cahaya ini dengan kejadian Big Bang.

Pada tahun 1965 dua orang saintis, Arno Penzias dan Robert Wilson telah menemui bahan CMB ini. Mereka mendapat Hadiah Nobel bagi penemuan mereka dalam bidang fizik bagi tahun 1978.

Namun penemuan CMB itu harus dibuktikan.

Maka satu pemantauan harus dijalankan. Dua orang saintis Amerika Syarikat (AS) John C. Mather dan George F. Smoot telah melakukan pemantaun akan CMB ini melalui sebuah satelit bernama COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer), ciptaan Agensi Aeronautik dan Angkasa Lepas (NASA).

Mather (60) ialah seorang astrofizik kanan di Pusat Penerbangan Angkasa Goddard, Maryland milik NASA sementara Smoot (61) ialah seorang Profesor Fizik di Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California. COBE dilancarkan ke langit pada tahun 1989.

Satelit COBE diguna untuk mencatat suhu CMB.

Didapati suhu CMB adala sekitar 2.725 Celsius sedikit tinggi daripada titik suhu mutlak iaitu -273 derajat Celsius. Mather mendapati bahawa profil suhu CMB mengikut satu arah aliran tenaga yang disebut sebagai lengkungan benda hitam dan hakikat itu digunakan untuk meramal teori Big Bang.

Smoot pula mendapati adanya fenomena naik turun pada suhu CMB. Penyimpangan atau naik turun CMB adalah kerana terbentuknya bibit-bibit galaksi yang juga merupakan struktur awal cakerawala. Galaksi terbentuk daripada gumpalan gas yang amat panas.

Penyimpangan suhu CMB diguna untuk menganalisis gejala jisim hitam dan tenaga hitam, dua komponen terbesar yang mengisi cakerawala.

Profil CMB dapat digunakan bagi menjelas proses Big Bang dan pemahaman akan alam semesta. Alam semesta bukannya suatu susunan bahan atau tenaga yang merata sebaliknya ia adalah terdiri daripada bahan-bahan yang bergumpal-gumpal.

Kewujudan CMB membolehkan para ilmuwan memperhitungkan perkembangan alam semesta. Alam semesta kini dipercayai terus berkembang dan melebar pada kadar yang cepat.

Mather dan Smoot ialah pemimpin bagi lebih daripada 1,000 saintis, jurutera dan juruteknik yang membina CBM sehingga satelit itu dilancarkan pada tahun 1989. Smoot dan Mather telah dipilih untuk meraih Hadiah Nobel bernilai 10 juta kronor Sweden atau RM5 juta.

Dalam ucapan penghargaan Akademi Sains Diraja Sweden kepada kedua-dua saintis itu menyatakan bahawa “Hasil kajian COBE meningkatkan dukungan penjelasan saintifik terhadap senario Big Bang yang memerihalkan asal usul cakerawala. Senario itu saja yang meramalkan radiasi latar belakang kosmik. COBE telah mengukur gelombang radiasi itu.”

Seorang ilmuwan astronomi, Michael Turner, dari University Chicago, mengatakan bahawa pengukuran-pengukuran yang dibuat oleh COBE akan mengiringi dunia kosmologi ke era ketetapan kosmologi. Pemberian Hadiah Nobel kepada Mather dam Smoot dalam bidang fizik/astronomi merupakan yang pertama dan banyak lagi akan digondol kerana penemuan-penemuan baru dalam bidang kosmologi.

Sumber : Arkib Utusan Online 07/10/2006

Motto: -

Style: punk/hardcore

Band:

• Alex – vocals, guitar
• Ionel – guitar
• Pana – bass, vocals
• Ovi – drums

About:

• Coercion a inceput sa cante de prin ianuarie 2007. In cea mai mare parte a timpului canta un fel de punk bazat pe evenimente politice, dar mai au si momente in care canta melodii apatice.
• Ei canta pentru toti oamenii care nu sunt acceptati in societate, nu se inteleg cu parintii ori prietenii si clar celor care nu vor sa se includa intr-o anumita categorie.
• Coercion au cantat alaturi de: Cobe, Nivelu’ 4, Recycle Bin, Calibru 49, Pavilionu 32, TBC, Bitov Terror, Libido Wins, The Last Minute, Jatagan, The Barricade, …

MySpace: Coercion

URL official: -

MPTY ZINE recomanda:

Cobe-punk rock-Bucuresti

Coercion-punk/hc-Constanta

Farmers Boulevard-Old school HC-Germania

marti 26-05-2009 Club FIRE

Recycle Bin-streetpunk-Bucuresti

Pavilionul 32-HC/punk-Timisoara

9 mai 2009-Tg Mures in Telepizza ora 19.00 pret 10 lei

un eveniment diy: Gluga Neagra si SAM

Motto: Punk Rock

Style: punk

Band:

• Voix – vocals
• Mircea – guitar
• Matei – guitar
• Dimi – bass
• Robert – drums

About:

• COBE este o trupa relativ noua, care canta punk! Una din putinele trupe romanesti care au adoptat acest stil, pe un taram minat, precum cel al frumoasei noastre tarisoare, Romania. Baietii, in numar 5, au cantat in deschiderea trupei No Use For A Name, din Fabrica (13.02.2009), unde s-au distrat si au fost primiti cu bratele deschise de media de 16 ani care statea in fata lor. Noi, astia mai batrani, deja eliberasem frontu’ central, preferand o apa plata.

MySpace: COBE

URL official: COBE

MPTY Zine sustine:

Dance Trauma//Van Cramp

15 martie 2009  ora 21.00 pret 7 lei

Cluj Napoca-Zvon Pub

Oranzhaas Briivdienas//Los Pogos//Cobe

2 aprilie 2009 club Suburbia ora 20.00 pret: 15 lei

LANSARE ALBUM LOS POGOS!!

“Nordvest får meget mere kultur og bliver meget smukkere, når vinderne af arkitektkonkurrencen om det integrerede kulturhus og bibliotek starter realiseringen af deres forslag.

Bag arbejdstitlen Kultur + Bibliotek NV gemmer sig partnerne Brd. Andersen, COBE, Transform, Wessberg samt Schønherr Landskab, der har tegnet sig frem til en lys, let og smuk løsning på toppen af Bispebjerg, der bliver det første integrerede kulturhus og bibliotek af sin slags herhjemme. Samtidig er det lykkedes vinderen at integrere de to kulturinstitutioner og de mange tilbud på en overskuelig og meget brugervenlig måde”.

Uddrag af vinderforslaget Bibliotek + Kulturhus NV (pdf 10 MB)
Dommerbetænkning (pdf 9 MB)
Konkurrenceprogram – Lidt mere Nordvest (pdf 10 MB)

Se flere billeder fra projektet, nedenfor:

Bishop Lamont was on G-Unit Radio with DJ Whoo Kid and dropped this new track, ” If You Don’t Know the Code” f. Cobe, produced by DJ Khalil.

Listen to “If You Don’t Know the Code” Here