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Advancing technology-A great help to DNA Defence Experts!

woodwormhockey — Wed, 07 Mar 2012 09:00:06 +0000

With technological advancements, every aspect of life is affected. Same can be said about forensic science as well that has also advanced with leap and bounds. With development in this field, it has become a lot easier to identify and nab criminals.
The technology used in forensic science help DNA Defence experts to find out the criminals by the stretches of organic material left by the criminal at the site of the crime. These stretches of organic material can be a piece of hair, or a drop of blood or saliva etc. So, from the organic material left at the site of the crime, the DNA is extracted and is to find out the identity of the person determined by the experts. All over the globe there are a lot of forensic labs who works with the intelligence team who work hard to find out deadly criminals from the site of crime. Low Copy Number, mitochondrial and Y- STRs, complex multi person mixture interpretation, paternity related judgment, blood stain pattern analysis etc are included in the DNA profiling.

In various body fluids analysis the DNA Defence expertsare experts. To analyze the blood, saliva, semen, mucus and faecal material, there are a number of tests and from these body fluids, they judge the reports. It is tallied with the suspected criminal after the DNA from the fluid is examined, and very quickly and successfully, this can find out the criminal.

To examine the father child relationship DNA defence is a process that is a great help. Determining the statistical value of the father child relationship, there is a paternity calculator named POP. So many times, the court addresses the cases when there are disputes between father and child. In many such cases, the situation is such that the father is not accepting the child to be his and is not willing to give a share of the property to that child. Then to prove his relationship with his father, the child goes to the court. In that case, collection and examination of both the DNA samples from both the father and the child is done thereby the truth is revealed by the DNA sequence.

Used by DNA Defence Expert, DNA analysis continues to be a very trusted method and the police and these experts are using this method increasingly to find out criminals. In cases of sexual assault, to find out or confirm the identity of the defendant, the DNA components are collected from the vaginal swab is examined.

The scene of crime is a very critical place from where we can find the evidence to find the criminal. Evidences such as hairs and fibres, finger marks and footwear marks are inevitably left by the criminals on the crime scene. To find out the identity of the criminal by the DNA Defence Expert the DNA from such biological substances can be extracted.

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Forensic Body fluid examination- significant technology in defense fields

woodwormhockey — Sat, 19 Nov 2011 12:03:07 +0000

In identification of criminals in criminal cases, the discovery of modern genetic science has played a vital role and it can be done by analyzing various objects recovered on the crime spot. These substances can be hair, saliva, semen, body fluid, hair root, fibers etc. which are linked with the crime and also linked to the perpetrator of the crime. Actually, because of its objectivity, scientific accuracy, infallibility and impartial character, this technology is utilized as a new form of circumstantial evidence, which is considered to be more significant than the direct and ocular evidence. Forensic body fluid examination has done wonders for the DNA Defense experts and made their task a lot easier. Some of the popular techniques that are used are discussed below-

PCR Analysis

In order to make millions of exact copies of DNA from a biological sample Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used. DNA analysis on biological samples as small as a few skin cells is allowed by DNA amplification with PCR. To amplify such tiny quantities of DNA, the ability of PCR enables even highly degraded samples to be analyzed. However, to prevent contamination with other biological materials during the identifying, collecting, and preserving of a sample, great care must be taken.

STR Analysis

To evaluate specific regions (loci) within nuclear DNA, Short tandem repeat (STR) technology is used. To distinguish one DNA profile from variability in STR regions can be used. From convicted offenders, unsolved crime scene evidence, and missing persons CODIS is a software program that operates local, state, and national databases of DNA profiles. The chance that two individuals will have the same 13-loci DNA profile is about one in a billion.
Mitochondrial DNA Analysis

To examine the DNA from samples that cannot be analyzed by RFLP or STR, Mitochondrial DNA analysis (mtDNA) can be used. From samples for use in RFLP, PCR, and STR, nuclear DNA must be extracted; however, DNA extracted from another cellular organelle called a mitochondrion is used by mtDNA analysis. With STR and RFLP, while older biological samples that lack nucleated cellular material, such as hair, bones, and teeth cannot be analyzed, they can be analyzed with mtDNA. mtDNA is extremely valuable in the investigation of cases that have gone unsolved for many years.

Several advantages in all spheres of life have been brought about by scientific studies and technological advancements. DNA technology is one such advancement. Criminal justice system helps a variety of tests and examinations like forensic body fluid examination. Any type of organism can be identified by examination of DNA sequences unique to that species. At this point of time, identification of individuals within a species is less precise although when further progress takes place in DNA sequencing technologies, it will be feasible as well as practical to make direct comparison of very large DNA segments, and even whole genomes. In allowing precise individual identification this exercise will help.

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Usability of DNA profiling in forensic evidence

woodwormhockey — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 07:48:52 +0000

DNA profiling plays important role in determining forensic evidence related to any legal case. DNA sampling left no stone unturned. It successfully finds the right person who has committed the sinful crime. Even the presence of a drop of blood, little urine, hair, nail, semen, sperm etc can trace the DNA sequence. DNA sequence is very unique and belongs to only one person. However, the pattern can be matched but 100% similarity is impossible, which helps in finding the exact person to whom the DNA belongs.

The forensic department use the DNA profiling in high profile and complicated cases to find the convict. The process of DNA profiling is very crucial in rape and murder case. The DNA defence experts are technically sound and they find exactly determine the DNA of the actual person. There are many forensic companies across the world to solve complicated cases. Such companies have well maintained laboratory for analyzing the sample.

DNA defence expert has in-depth knowledge of medical sample. They conduct detailed study of the sample while determining the DNA sequence. Defence DNA expert led companies also keep record of many DNA sampled of previous cases. They match the pattern with those samples to investigate the case. Thus, this method of collecting forensic evidence is much reliable but not very practical due to legal constraints and high costing.

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Body fluid examination is helpful in determining the convict in assault or rape case

woodwormhockey — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 07:48:18 +0000

Body fluid examination by the forensic department is very helpful in determining the victim of assault and rape cases. The examination of body fluid exactly finds the victim without any confusing using the DNA pattern. Each cell of body contains complete sequence of DNA, which is unique for individual. Any body fluid left at the scene of crime provides information of the identity of the offender. Using those samples, the forensic experts can easily determine the convict.

Forensic body fluid examination can be done with any of the fluid such as blood, semen, vaginal material, saliva, urine, and faeces. DNA can be detected from these things very easily and help in identifying the person behind the crime. However, the procedure involved in producing, transferring, and persisting body fluid is not an easy task. The process requires careful handling of the samples to produce accurate result.

Companies involved in forensic body fluid examination are highly equipped. They keep latest and highly technical equipment to collect sample properly and transfer to the laboratory. The experienced DNA analysts conduct examination of the sample. They provide accurate pattern of DNA of the sample for solving the case. The practice of body fluid examination is very helpful in finding convict in assault and rape cases. The practice is accepted worldwide for complicated cases.

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DNA analysis for medical and criminal trials

woodwormhockey — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 07:47:29 +0000

DNA analysis is globally accepted for medical and criminal trials. However, there are some constitutional restrictions for the use of DNA analysis for criminal cases. But the process of finding convict in complicated criminal cases is accepted in most of the countries. Medial application of process is widely accepted without any restrictions. But the practice is not very practical owing to the high costing. The process involved in collecting the DNA sample, transferring the sample to laboratory and processing it is very difficult. Very high expenditure is incurred in all these processes.

Forensic DNA analysis is very helpful in determining the offender in murder and rape case. The DNA can be extracted from even single cell of body. In most of the cases, evidence can be collected. In rape cases semen, sperm and hairs are easily found at the spot and can be utilized for finding the rapist. In murder case, finger print, blood drops, nails, hairs etc are used for collecting DNA sample for record.

Forensic DNA consultant with their knowledge in the different sciences finds out the right DNA pattern. The well experienced staffs are very and dedicated in sampling considering the importance of result for the case. They put their 100% effort in determining the DNA sequence from the collected sample.

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