As a synthetic chemist, it is a very embarrassing question if asked about our personal carbon footprint. Frankly, it is much greater than normal citizens. We use flammable and non-flammable solvents very regularly. Most of the chemical reagents we use are of 99.9% purity requiring large amounts of energy to manufacture and purify. These chemicals are shipped from all over the world and require extra care in transportation. We often use rare metals in reactions, these require a great amount of energy to isolate. Yes, we are guilty of a larger carbon footprint than normal citizens. But no one asks how can we reduce it?

This question bugged me for quite sometime. We can do all those things that normal citizens do but as chemists can we do something more? One of our major contributions come from our use of solvents. I thought, looking into solvent disposal might give a hint into some simple steps that may be taken to reduce emissions. So I had a chat with our department’s Safety Officer. He started the conversation with a very blunt question, “Why do you ask?”. May be he thought, I am one of those extreme climate change activist. After I explained to him what I wanted to know about it and that I meant no harm he said, “I was taken aback because no one wants to what happens to it after it’s dumped.” So he realised some people care and he was happy to answer any question I had.

One of the companies Oxford regularly uses for it’s waste disposal is Grundon. While we are in the lab, we separate our solvent waste in Hydrocarbons (Petrol, Diethyl Ether, Ethyl Acetate), Chlorinated (Dichloromethane, Cholroform) and Acetone (Wash acetone with lots of water). Chlorinated wastes needs to be disposed by incineration to avoid formation of dioxins where as hydrocarbon can be used for energy recovery. But what he thought is that the HC waste is used to create the high temperature furnace for the incineration of chlorinated waste. What about acetone? He said, “Most of it is taken by cement industry. If they see it’s dark in colour they won’t touch it, but otherwise they use it.” But is recycling not possible for any kind of waste? “No, I think it’s too energy intensive to get clean solvent than to just burn it off.”

He digressed and gave some interesting statistics, Oxford University produces a lot of waste. The only chemistry department that has comparable volume of waste is Cambridge. “Sure, but that’s because we are the biggest chemistry department in the UK, right?” Yes he says, “I talk to most Russell group universities about what they do about waste management. It turns out some universities don’t produce more than two barrels a month! And here we fill couple a day.”

Anyways, ending the talk I said, “So the best we can do is make sure we separate the different types of solvents with care?”. “I guess, but I don’t think that will make a big difference unless everyone does it.” From all this, the conclusion I could come up with is that we can do the following to help cut emission in someway.

• Minimise use of chlorinated solvents. (even though DCM is my favourite, low-boiling and polar)
• Try not to mix chlorinated and non-chlorinated solvents. (I often rinse column tubes with DCM even if I have done a hydrocarbons only column. I guess using ether is a better option but it is much more expensive than ethyl acetate. Thus, although acetone (not wash acetone) is high-boiling it is the best option or use ethyl acetate?).
• Turn the temperature of the oven lower?
• Do smaller scale reaction when one can (reduces a lot of things, smaller columns, less solvent and lesser time for same results, most of the times).
• Spend time thinking which experiment to do, make sure you have a strong justification (saves time, saves waste!)

These are conclusions based on my experience and the very little data that I have gathered. I am hoping to look into it a bit further and try and collect some hard statistics on this issue. If anyone has anything to add to this, I would be really happy to hear from you.

(3BLMedia/theCSRfeed) SAN DIEGO – December 2, 2009 – Electrified vehicles are poised to transform the automobile industry. As the CEO of Terramoto Transportation, Quentin Sponselee is more than just knowledgeable about innovations in the car industry. He has invaluable first-hand experience with these new vehicles and sees himself as a “Master Test Driver” on the front line of the electric car wars, an evaluator of new cars he deals with in his sustainability-oriented transportation business. 

Consumers in Southern California are getting a preview of what the EV wars will look like as the Nissan Leaf and Chevy Volt both made recent tours around San Diego to build momentum for their 2010 launches. “Southern California has become a front-line market for the Leaf and Volt,” says Sponselee. “San Diego will play an important role in how these new technology platforms are adopted around the country and it is my responsibility to do more than provide a better service than my competitors. It is also my job to educate the passenger”. Sponselee predicts that as early as December 5th, 2009 General Motors Corp. will announce San Diego as a strategic test market and unveil major plans to recapture market share.
 

In its first year of business, TerraMoto completed 9,414 trips and has become the preferred transportation for San Diego County’s most prestigious hotel and technology companies. As the leading transportation service providing a more sustainable and high quality alternative, Terramoto stands to gain from a clear winner. CEO Sponselee warns though that there are many gaps in consumer education about new vehicles even as the Prius introduces its third generation vehicle prior to introducing plug-in hybrids. “One of the most frequently asked questions we receive from our passengers about the Prius is ‘Do you have to plug it in?’ This is not just asked by San Diegans, but by executives being picked up at San Diego International who are from other parts of the country”, says Sponselee.    

  While a great deal of excitement has been generated about concept cars, Sponselee contends it’s time to move beyond capturing our imagination to harnessing this excitement to sell cars to mainstream consumers. Detroit has struggled with this in the past and Nissan may lose ground as well as they attempt to manufacture electric vehicles in China, the world’s largest car market today. “It’s been reported that Nissan [the Japanese automaker and its Chinese partner Dongfeng Motor Co.] recently signed an agreement to promote electric vehicles in China and study the possibility of opening a production plant in Guangzhou. This is a will be a big mistake as the US leads in infrastructure investment and infrastructure will be built early in San Diego”, says Sponselee . The Nissan Leaf is expected to reach China by 2011, but Nissan has already announced the earlier deployment of up to 1,000 Nissan battery electric vehicles in strategic markets in five US states: Arizona, California, Oregon, Tennessee, and Washington. 

“Nissan’s attempt to penetrate the Chinese EV market will be difficult as the nation has few hybrid and EV owners”, says Sponselee. California is world-renowned for early adoption of innovations like the Prius. A Chinese Economic website reports the US sold 13 million new vehicles last year, 313,486 or 2.4 percent of them hybrids. China, by comparison, sold 9.38 million vehicles last year, but only 2,617, or 2.8 out of 10,000, were hybrids. Sales of the Toyota-made Prius have exceeded 1.25 million globally, but only 3,500 of the sedans have been sold in China since they were introduced in the country three years ago.

  Sponselee foresees the following challenges to growing the market for electric transportation.

  1.        Massive consumer re-education about basic underlying electric propulsion technology and how this will alter their driving habits. “My business operates exclusively on a fleet of hybrid electric vehicles (Prius). While these vehicles have been in the marketplace for several years and I still get questions from passengers about whether they need to be plugged in. My business acts as a subliminal test drive for new technologies and I think car manufacturers would be shocked at the lack of understanding most of my consumers have about electric vehicles.” 

  2.        Cost – There are a lot of new entrants in the electric vehicle market including V-Vehicle, Aptera, and the Chinese company, BYD. “I don’t think GM is planning on the Volt being a loss leader. However, with a sticker price of $40k before rebates they will have more than Toyota and Nissan to contend with. “

  3.        Infrastructure – Based on the questions consumers have had at recent Southern CA green transportation events, concerns about charging technology remain at the forefront. “As an operator of a commercial transportation business, anything that adds additional barriers to adoption, such as having to stop to recharge, affects my ability to deliver superior customer service and ultimately my bottom line.”

  Knowing that the stakes are high is creating intense competition between foreign and domestic manufacturers. Sponselee is looking forward to seeing how this plays out at this week’s LA Car show and wondering if automakers will make strategic partnerships with local companies, including executive-class transportation companies like TerraMoto. The EV Wars have begun and Terramoto Transportation, Inc. is well-positioned to help grow the market for electric vehicles in Southern California. “We are the key to introducing technology and educating the marketplace. Not to mention, we offer the best visibility for this technology in town,” states Sponselee. Would this be a good fit for the Volt?  Would it be better for Nissan, Toyota, or BYD? Only time will tell.

  About TerraMoto: TerraMoto Transportation serves San Diego using the most advanced fleet of environmentally friendly hybrid sedan limousines available. Specializing in airport, point-to-point, and chartered services they provide transportation services for executives, businesses, tourists, and many others. Their mission is to provide the highest quality sedan limousine San Diego airport transportation services using an exclusively ultra low emissions hybrid and CNG fleet. The company offers airport meet and greet and curbside pickup limo service from San Diego International Airport (SAN) as well as Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), John Wayne Airport (SNA), and Long Beach Airport (LGB). 

  Main Contact: Yeves Perez, (c) 619. 804.1720
Email. yeves@terramoto.net
http://www.terramoto.net
http://twitter.com/Terramotonet

Thursday morning, June 5th, 2008 –
The people of Rome woke up to the sight of 150 famous statues wearing gas masks and no-entry road signs bearing the chemical symbol for carbon dioxide.

Activists from an environment group named Terra! have coaxed the statues of Roman emperors lining Via dei Fori Imperiali, magistrates from Rome’s Palace of Justice, and Garibaldi’s generals on Janiculum Hill to join them in urging the European Commission to issue new regulations for reduction of greenhouse gas and carbon emissions from cars.

This movement also demonstrates the effects of air-borne pollutants on the city’s statues and monuments. Marble and bronze masterpieces of Roman gods, angels, and saints have been victims of erosion and discoloration.

list of sources

Monday, July 20, 2009
By Patrick Goodenough, International Editor

(CNSNews.com) – Urging India not to emulate America’s “mistakes,” Secretary of State Hillary Clinton at the weekend accepted responsibility on behalf of the U.S. and other developed nations for contributing towards climate change.

“We acknowledge – now with President Obama – that we have made mistakes in the United States, and we along with other developed countries have contributed most significantly to the problem that we face with climate change,” Clinton said in Mumbai, India.

“We are hoping a great country like India will not make the same mistakes,” she added.

While stopping short of an apology for a U.S. role in “global warming,” Clinton’s remarks came closer than previous ones.

Last April, she told a gathering of major economies in Washington that the U.S. “is responsible for past emissions” of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other “greenhouse gases” blamed for climate change; Obama said at the G8 summit in Italy this month that the U.S. had “sometimes fallen short of meeting our responsibilities,” adding, “Those days are over.”

On her first visit to India as secretary of state, Clinton was confronted by New Delhi’s determination not to accept mandatory restrictions on its greenhouse gas emissions.

“India’s position is that we are simply not in a position to take on legally-binding emission reduction targets,” Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh said Sunday, after he and Clinton toured an eco-friendly building near the capital and had a roundtable discussion on environmental issues.

Although the two governments both said they want to see a global agreement reached at a key climate conference in Copenhagen in December, the differences between them on the issue of what developing nations will bring to the table was evident.

Ramesh handed out copies of remarks made during his talks with Clinton, underlying Delhi’s position.

“There is simply no case for the pressure that we – who have among the lowest emissions per capita – face to actually reduce emissions,” Ramesh said he told Clinton.

“And as if this pressure was not enough, we also face the threat of carbon tariffs on our exports to countries such as yours,” he said. The reference was to the Waxman-Markey cap-and-trade bill passed by the U.S. House of Representatives late last month, which contains a clause that would impose tariffs on imports from countries that do not reduce emissions by 2020. (Obama has praised the bill, but says he opposes the “protectionist” tariff measure.)

The Copenhagen meeting is meant to produce a successor agreement to the Kyoto Protocol, which requires leading economies to cut the amount of greenhouse gases they produce by specified amounts by 2012.

India, China and others have long argued that climate agreements should not hinder developing countries’ economic growth – and they got their way with Kyoto.

One of the main reasons President Bush gave for rejecting the protocol was the fact it did not set emission reduction targets for developing countries, despite some of them – including India and especially China – being leading CO2 producers. Bush and anti-Kyoto ally John Howard of Australia argued that unless China and India curbed their fast-growing emissions, efforts to do so by leading developed nations would have little effect.

Clinton made a similar argument in India on Sunday.

“There is no question that developed countries like mine must lead on this issue,” she said in a joint media appearance with Ramesh and the U.S. special envoy for climate change, Todd Stern.

“And for our part, under President Obama, we are not only acknowledging our contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, we are taking steps to reverse its ill effects.”

Clinton said Obama was committed to the cap-and-trade bill before Congress.

“But it is essential for major developing countries like India to also lead,” she continued. “Because over 80 percent of the growth in future emissions will be from developing countries.

“Now, China is, by far, the largest emitter in the world right now, and certainly the largest among developing countries,” Clinton said. “But India’s own greenhouse gas pollution is projected to grow by about 50 percent between now and 2030. So, climate change would not be solved even if developed countries stopped emitting greenhouse gas emissions today, unless action is taken across the world.”

Climate, population and family planning

In other comments, Clinton described Sunday’s roundtable discussion as “very enlightening, especially for me.”

As an example of this, she noted that “one of the participants pointed out that it’s rather odd to talk about climate change and what we must do to stop and prevent the ill effects without talking about population and family planning.”

“That was an incredibly important point,” Clinton said. “And yet, we talk about these things in very separate and often unconnected ways.”

Some green activists have long advocated a greater focus on population control in the climate change campaign.

In a position paper adopted by its board of directors in November 2007, the Sierra Club said, “Given the grave implications of population growth, the Sierra Club urges greater effort to explain how population pressure is affecting the environment and stronger support for the program – family planning, health care, and education and opportunity for women – that most effectively encourages smaller families.”

Identifying an average of two children per family as a requirement to stabilize the world population, the paper said the Sierra Club “welcomes non-coercive, culturally sensitive policies that will help lower birth rates, stabilize global population, and make a smaller population a realistic possibility.”

In 2007, an Australian academic argued that a government campaign to encourage bigger families was flying in the face of the fight against climate change.

Rather than offering couples financial incentives to have more children, he said, a tax should be levied on parents who have more than an agreed number of children, “in line with the ‘polluter pays’ principle.”

The Chinese government, which enforces a controversial and often coercive birth limitation policy, has listed its population control efforts among its contributions to combating climate change.

With only a few weeks to go for the Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change, PM Manmohan Singh gave the assurance: “We are committed to ambitious and time-bound outcomes that will increase energy efficiency of our economy, the share of clean energy including nuclear power in our energy mix, and our forest cover.” But he added, “We will do more if there is global support in terms of financial resources and technology transfer.” This is the bone of contention in the case of developing countries meeting emission standards. Hunger, poverty and disease are more urgent problems for developing countries like India to tackle than emission norms. Therefore, India’s stand has been to do more on climate change if developed nations lend a helping hand by way of financial support and technology.

India-US agree on Climate Change

The reason that climate change effects arise from the global stock of carbon, the distribution across countries of their contributions to that stock, including the initial stock, is totally irrelevant from the perspective of efficiency. Again since only total emissions of each country and hence of all countries together add to the global stock of carbon, whether the same total emissions of a country is the result of low per capita emission multiplied by a large population or vice versa is again irrelevant from the perspective of efficiency.

Population policy choices do affect the welfare of the current and future populations. Any trade-off between larger population and lower emissions or vice-versa would naturally fall under considerations of inter-generational equity within nations and deep philosophical issues are involved in doing so. National welfare becomes the focus of all national policy choices, including population policies, which are reflected through their effects on national welfare in any international agreement that reflects equity consideration across countries appropriately. Thus, from the perspective of international agreement, only aggregate and not per capita emissions are relevant.

China and India are sitting on vast stocks of coal, which push the amount of their emissions above those of older polluters in the west. Forests offer untold wealth to millions in poverty in Indonesia and Brazil, if only trees can be chopped down, and at the very top of the carbon food chain sit western consumers unwilling to part with easy luxuries like cheap weekend flights and two cars. When they stop buying cars or other durables, our economies grind to a halt. The developed world has become accustomed to ever-increasing levels of material consumption. Cutting carbon emissions is therefore inextricably linked with wider questions of the pressure on all natural resources, land and water.

This is a task that only governments can undertake and it is not as if they have not already had enough time to do it. The meeting that created the Kyoto protocol has convened in 10 other countries and cities since. The immensity of the task ahead is probably more apparent to world leaders than it was a decade ago. But time is running out. To prevent the global average temperature from increasing by more than 2C, there will need to be a global cut in emissions within the next five years or so.

Therefore, to reach these reduced levels a country like India needs to use green technology on substantial scale. This is not possible unless the developed countries share their know-how and technology so that India can work towards a cleaner, greener country. However, the need for proactive action from the national and state governments is needed to tackle the problem of climate change. In cities like Kolkata, where auto rickshaws blatantly violate pollution norms and the government dithers on bringing them to book, the road ahead seems treacherous. There should also be a consensus among nations at Copenhagen that developing countries receive the transfer of ‘green technology’ at reduced prices so that they can manage their emissions more efficiently. The more time the world takes to reach a legally binding target the more it will become difficult to meet the target of 2020. The clarion call is to act fast and act decisively.

However, the argument that the per capita emission levels as the basis for binding emission cuts is of no use is apparently rational but politically loaded. In that sense, the pragmatic approach will still involve a significant cost to developed nations, but will help make some headway in saving the earth from global warming.

However, the disparities in levels of per capita consumption and therefore, emissions, will not go away – unless the entire world commits itself to an unequal international order forever which does not look likely in near future.

Parachutée sur Victoire par les mystères de la recherche on line: une rubrique crée le déclic, « comme chez moi » (intérieurs d’artistes belges). Différent, ludique et pointu sans être raseur: j’ai tenu à rencontrer sa sémillante directrice de publication, Anne Pochet. Depuis trois ans et demi, Victoire - papier - est le supplément week-end sur les tendances (culture, life style et mode) du quotidien belge Le Soir.

- Ce n’est pas un féminin, on sort des étiquettes. Le premier défi  était que le magazine ne soit pas identifié sexuellement: 52% de nos lecteurs sont des hommes. C’est une vision subjective, avec une idée de proximité. On a évité tous les poncifs des magazines de mode. Faire parler de nous, pas par chauvinisme, mais plus pour savoir où se situe la Belgique dans les tendances mondiales. On a toujours eu beaucoup de reconnaissance à l’étranger, mais peu chez nous. On va regarder tranquillement le pays.

Et donc: où se situe la Belgique dans les tendances mondiales ?

- Excellente question! C’est très très difficile à dire, l’image est très mobile : beaucoup de gens ont des audaces. C’est un très subtil résautage : tout le monde connaît tout monde, un petit pays en surface, avec des petites étoiles filantes.

Diplômée en journalisme radio et presse écrite, Anne travaille pour les magazines féminins, puis comme chef de production et responsable d’un projet de portail féminin chez Sanoma. Pendant dix ans, elle est aussi critique de livres jeunesse à la RTBF 1 et 2 :

- Un chouette job. J’étais une jeune mère. J’aimais ouvrir les parents à des univers moins coincés.

Elle se spécialise dans la philosophie sur l’éducation et présente une vision un peu moins « protocolaire et l’aspect pratique, sans aucun étendard militant » dans une émission mensuelle de radio. Sur la RTBF 1 et 2, en collaboration avec des spécialistes de l’One (offisme de l’enfance et des naissances), Anne anime « Air de Familles »: une émission capsule co-produite par l’ One, suivie par 200.000 foyers chaque semaine. S’ajoute Victoire, en tant que directrice de la publication, dont sa plus grosse difficulté a été de constituer l’équipe. Ses yeux pétillent:

- Tout fonctionne à l’humain, mais l’humain doit apporter du contenu. Je suis une bonne lanceuse, comme pour le choix des rubriques. Je délègue beaucoup, pas pour me débarrasser de certaines tâches, mais bien dans le sens de donner à ceux qui travaillent pour le magazine la certitude que leur responsabilité est totale et donc leurs compétences mises positivement à l’épreuve. Aujourd’hui j’ai plus de plaisir à gérer une équipe de journalistes. Le week-end je deviens la lectrice la plus acharnée de Victoire et je vais très souvent visiter les lieux dont parlent mes journalistes.

Victoire de demain ?

- Un monde entre le Victoire d’aujourd’hui et celui d’il y a trois ans : le changement s’est opéré en douceur, comme un glissement de plaques tectoniques. Depuis septembre 2009, nous avons de nouvelles rubriques « comme chez moi », « city strip », « petite semaine ». Ma crainte : être enfermée dans quelque chose qui marche. Ma volonté: toujours faire évoluer le support, mais uniquement avec du nouveau contenu, pas une évolution de surface. Le magazine Victoire doit être un bel objet, un petit univers en soi.

- J’ai la grande chance d’être née à Bruxelles et pas dans un champ de maïs texan, c’est un vrai confort mental (rires). C’est une ville un peu complexée, un peu compliquée, plutôt agréable à vivre. Je suis heureuse d’y vivre actuellement.

Une gourmandise : Les Tartes de Françoise « les meilleures sont celles au fromage blanc et Spéculos (spécialité belge) », Av. de l’Hippodrome 75, 1050 Bruxelles. Un marché : le marché du Midi « très chouette ambiance ». Un restaurant: Kif Kif, Square de Biarritz 1, 1050 Bruxelles – Tel : 02 644 18 10. Rue Lesbroussart: « la plus grosse concentration de restaurants avec des tentatives très très branchées ». Une promenade : « le parcours art déco d’Ixelles vu par le Guide du Routard » Un livre : la librairie de Rome, Rue Jean Stas 16/A, 1060 Saint-Gilles. Un cadeau déco : Dépôt Design, Quai du Hainaut 19, 1080 Bruxelles « de la chouette vaisselle ». Une galerie : Young Gallery, Espace Art 22, 22, Rue Van Aa, 1050 Bruxelles et WIELS, Av. Van Volxemlaan 354, 1190 Bruxelles, « une ancienne brasserie dans un bâtiment splendide, pour ma gym culturelle : j’ai énormément de difficultés avec l’art contemporain. Ultra pointu ». Des créateurs belges : rue Dansaert et rue des Chartreux.

Merci beaucoup Anne et longue vie au magazine Victoire! En kioske, dans Le Soir du week-end.

Cette semaine à Planète :

- Une entrevue signée Caroline G. Murphy avec John Philpot le président de l’association des avocats de la défense du Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda. Deux accusés viennent d’y être acquittés.

- On vous amène à Dubaï où les travailleurs de la construction ont des conditions de travail difficiles. Un reportage signé Alexandre Dumont-Blais.

- On analyse avec Émilie Legendre les conséquences et les réactions après l’élection, la semaine dernière, du tout nouveau président du Conseil européen, Von Rompuy.

- Notre animateur Samuel Leduc-Frenette s’entretient avec une politicologue du centre d’études politiques de l’Université de Bruxelles à propos du second tour nécessaire aux élections présidentielles en Roumanie.

- Alors que le sommet des Nations Unies de Copenhague sur les changements climatiques approche à grands pas, Clara Tomasini nous propose de se pencher sur le cas des cultivateurs de maïs américains qui ont adapté leur production afin de produire de l’éthanol, une énergie verte. Maintenant abandonnés par le gouvernement, ces cultivateurs avaient investi massivement dans cette nouvelle production.

- Chronique de David Noreau : Quelles sont les arnaques à éviter lorsqu’on voyage en Inde?

- Le tout dernier album triple de Joel Plaskett fait l’objet de la critique de Pascal Raiche-Nogue.

- Amélie partage avec nous son coup de coeur pour Magnetic Island.

- Catherine Lalonde et Sophie Guesné nous proposent un bref survol de la presse européenne et américaine cette semaine.

-  Quelques flashs d’actualité de la part de Katia Tobar

- Finalement, les choix musicaux d’Alexandre Claude

C’est un rendez-vous 8h30 vendredi sur les ondes de CHYZ FM.

Après la réinformation, l’information tout court… Me voilà propulsée chef d’antenne pour une émission à Radio Courtoisie le 4 décembre prochain sur l’identité nationale.

Non contente d’animer, il me faudra aussi organiser le déroulé, choisir mes intervenants et préparer leurs interventions, ne pas commettre d’impaires qui retomberaient nécessairement sur la radio… bref, gérer!

RDV le vendredi 4 sur Radio Courtoisie…

Vu sur le site Num�rama�: “D�abord diffus� �galement sur le site de France 2, comme c�est le cas des trois autres documents diffus�s le m�me jour dans l��mission [Envoy� Sp�cial], le reportage a �t� supprim� par les services de la cha�ne publique. Il ne peut plus �tre vu sur la page d�Envoy� Sp�cial, mais les copies faites sur YouTube et ailleurs sont pour le moment toujours disponibles”.

D�s maintenant, tous les joueurs sont invit�s � s�informer des avantages qui leur sont r�serv�s par l�interm�diaire de Bon Plan Casino, guide hautement qualifi� pour lister le meilleur des jeux casino mais aussi les Casino � �viter. Ce site peaufine chaque jour son classement des casinos en ligne accueillant les nouveaux joueurs le plus g�n�reusement possible et le futur pr�tendant au jackpot b�n�ficie en un seul clic du bonus casino qui lui convient le mieux. Rien n��chappe � Bon Plan Casino qui porte bien son nom puisqu�en mati�re de bons tuyaux, ce guide a le m�rite d��tendre ses bons conseils jusque dans l�offre du poker en ligne et des paris sportifs. Le casino en ligne sans t�l�chargement est en ce moment � l�honneur et le site en vante la facilit� d�utilisation ainsi que ses nombreux avantages.

http://www.bonplancasino.com