I wanted to put DVDs on my 1st generation video iPod using OpenBSD but soon found out it wasn’t so easy. This took a bit of lrn2internet so I thought I’d share.

I’m sure there’s other ways of doing this, but my way is only two commands, albeit with a shitload of arguments, and you could even put it in a script if you wanted to.

For this you will need mencoder and ffmpeg. Then type in the following:

$ mencoder dvd://1 -vf scale=320:240 -o output.avi -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=libx264

$ ffmpeg -i output.avi -acodec libfaac -ab 128kb -ac 2 -vcodec mpeg4 -b 1200kb -ar 44100 -mbd 2 -flags +4mv -trellis 2 -aic 2 -cmp 2 -subcmp 2 -s 320×180 -title “Title of Movie” -f ipod output.m4v

After that just stick output.m4v on the iPod manually or use iTunes.

At this moment I just append a couple of videos files using ffmpeg command. I think there is such a freedom of using free and open source software. I was able append a couple of videos that were in an mp4 container with x264 video codec and mp3 audio codec. The two files were appended and the codecs were transform into free and open source formats. Isn’t that nice. You can do the same. I download them from the you tube since it was devided in 10 minutes each one. If you would like to append any video files you will have to use the following command:

ffmpeg -i input.file -i secondinput.file -i asmanyinputfileasyoulike.file -vcodec libtheora -acodec vorbis outputfile.ogv

For audio and Video Bittrate you can always you can use the -V 600kb and -A 128kb or any other value that you want. This is everything you need to have for video files in a free and opensource way, you can redistribute the video file. Isn’t this nice.

=-=-=-=-=
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For a while I have been searching for a tool that would allow me to encode movies in Linux. I knew about ffmpeg but I was a little upset with Ubuntu because the ffmpeg application was not compiled to function with none free codecs. Those codecs might be: x264, mp3 among others codecs and containers like MP4.

Well the good news is that in Linux we do not need all those containers and Junk. I discover, and I know this is not new, that it is good enough with Theora/Vorbis. I know that there are other GUI tools to do all the encoding, but for some reason, I am happy enough with he fact that I can use a tool like ffmpeg to do the job of free and open source software. I got to tell you, it is neat and fast. Here is the command that I would use to encode any file into Theora/Vorbis video file: ffmpeg -i input.file -vcodec libtheora -ac 2 -acodec vorbis output.ogv

It is this simple. For more information you can always “man ffmpeg” command and learn more about it. One last thing, I usually like to rip the audio of any videos to put it on my Personal Media Player (PMP) and I would need to rip the audio and put it in Vorbis or OGG format. If you want to do that the command is: ffmpeg -i input.file -vn -ac 2 -acodec vorbis output.ogg

This should work. The reason why I am writing this is because the community is always giving me so much, this is just a way for me to give back to the community.

Until later.

Pookito

INPUT: Embedded vobsub in MKV container (h264/AAC)
OUTPUT: Hardcoded “burned-in” subs in AVI container

The Input = movie_x264_aac.MKV from DVD by OGMRip ver. 0.13.2  or K9Copy then OGMRip* (note below)
Output = movie_libavcodec_mp3lame.AVI by mencoder/ffmpeg, thusly:

The easiest way is to navigate to the folder where your input file is saved, then open a terminal. If you already followed the guide here, then your life will be simple.guide link

You can also change the input option in the command below, to explicitly point to the location of the input file and output file in the commands below, eg “~/Videos/DVD_T1 – multisubs – x264 aac.mkv” (include the “commas if there are spaces in the file name”). In this case, it would not matter where your terminal is active.

If you have the script installed now, open a terminal and enter this (this assume you have installed the software in my Post-install guide)..

Now you can convert the movie.hardcoded.subs_lang.AVI to a 3GP. I use ffmpeg which is ver y easy and allows one to cue the jobs right away. I was able to get fully AAC enable ffmpeg with ease in Mandriva 2010.0. Check my December 2009 post-install part 3. Make sure you have those essential packages, and then install the correct WinFF.rpm. Try rpmfind. Just make sure you have the package that fits your installation/architecture the best eg. winff-1.1.1-1mdv2010.1.i586.rpm or “x86_64″

I found these links and others useful in solving this problem…
Ubuntu Forum – Burning subs (forum link)
Taiabati Linux Goodies (read more)
Check out my.del.icio.us bookmarks with the tag mencoder

*OGMRip User Manual (user manual link) and Sourceforge.net (support link)

OGMRip User Manual Snapshot

When using OGMRip, to avert the indefinite stalling during encoding (user issue note), unchecked the Automatic Compressibility Check (the last pane of the GUI, before hitting “Extract”). I found a ‘log file’ in my rip data folder that grew to a ridiculous size as a result of this stalling. b-frames and automatic compressibility was recently included into the software and may not work reliably. We await OGMRip version 0.13.3 for fixes.

As an example, my custom profile settings in OGMRip are::
Ctrl+f to open “Edit Profiles” pane
Select “PC, Low Quality” and “Copy”
Select Copy of PC, Low Quality and “Edit”
General tab – Format, MKV & FourCC, FFMpeg
Video tab – Codec, X264 & Quality, Normal
Audio tab – AAC & 24000Hz
Subtitles tab – Codec, VobSub

You can Rename this profile to
Custom PC, Low Quality
1-pass, 1×700MB (MKV + x264 + AAC)

I was trying to convert a .flv file to mp3 when using the command ffmpeg -i video.flv -acodec libmp3lame -ab 196k -ac 2 -ar 44100 audio.mp3 came up with Unknown encoder ‘libmp3lame’. It was because I did not install the ffmpeg from source and in the binary the –enable-libmp3lame was not defined. Ps.: To see what options are enabled just ffmpeg –help

To solve this problem I did the following:

• Installed the libmp3lame from source: wget http://easynews.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/lame/lame-3.97.tar.gz; tar -xvf lame-3.97.tar.gz; cd lame-3.97;./configure; sudo make && make install
• Removed the pre-compiled ffmpeg installation: apt-get remove ffmpeg
• Downloaded its source: svn checkout svn://svn.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg
• Installed the source setting the –enable-libmp3lame option up: sudo ./configure –enable-libmp3lame; sudo make && make install
• And ffmpeg -i video.flv -acodec libmp3lame -ab 192k -ac 2 -ar 44100 audio.mp3 command should works properly

If you want to extract a particular frame from a video, you can use the following ffmpeg command:

ffmpeg -i INPUTPATH -vframes 1 -ss TIMESTAMP -f image2 -vcodec mjpeg OUTPUTPATH.jpg

where TIMESTAMP is in the format hh:mm:ss.ff

If you have the frame number instead of the timestamp, you can use the following Ruby script to convert the frame number to the timestamp (for a framerate of 25fps) – there’s probably a better way for formatting a number to have two digits though :

def self.profile_thumbnail(frame_nr = nil)
#calculate timestamp
begin
  if frame_nr.nil?
    framenr = 25*60*2
  else
    framenr = frame_nr.to_i
  end

rescue
  framenr = 25*60*2
end

uur = (framenr/(60*60*25))
min = ((framenr-uur*60*60*25)/(60*25))
sec = ((framenr-uur*60*60*25-min*60*25)/25)
frame = ((framenr-uur*60*60*25-min*60*25-sec*25))
uur_s = uur.to_s
if uur<10
  uur_s = '0'+uur_s
end
min_s = min.to_s
if min<10
  min_s = '0'+min_s
end
sec_s = sec.to_s
if sec<10
  sec_s='0'+sec_s
end
frame_s = frame.to_s
if frame<10
  frame_s = '00'+frame_s
elsif frame<100
  frame_s = '0'+frame_s
end

stamp = uur_s+':'+min_s+':'+sec_s+'.'+frame_s
return  ' -vframes 1 -ss '+stamp+' -f image2 -vcodec mjpeg '

end

I have a pretty stable job. I work an actual job and I also have a fellowship at a local university. The fellowship doesn’t pay at all nor does it offer benefits. My paying job does both, but after carefully weighing and measuring the cost of health care my work provides it was quickly determined that it was lacking.

(450/month for two people with a 1,200$ deductible, the weighing and measuring didn’t take long at all)

I humbled myself and asked my boss if the company would kindly allow me to add my wife (who is pregnant) and subsidize part of the costs. I figured it would be a great way to make up for the fact that I’m grossly underpaid for a post-doc mathematician doing tech work.

To my surprise, I was surprised to be denied. I was pretty pissed and frankly I still am.

To put this into perspective, we make ~100 dollars per month too much to qualify for government assistance yet couldn’t conceive of being able to afford 450/month for what amounts to the most wretched coverage known to man-kind. Add on top of this the fact that I can’t cover my wife with personal insurance because pregnancy is considered a pre-existing condition.

It’s moments like this that make it so obvious that we need health care reform badly in the US.

To come full circle, I almost have no choice but to seek a new position elsewhere. Which is painful for me because I love what I do. I mostly love the fact that I don’t have much to worry about. I manage roughly 20 servers, the most critical of which are 3 VoIP servers.

So while I burn an immense amount of mental stress at the university, I get to mentally unwind at work. Even though I find myself using Swarm Theory to project sales and revenue numbers, it’s far easier than doing so for human behavior.

If anyone wants to pick up a loyal, hard-working post-doc techie for cheap (heavily subsidized health insurance + base salary), let me know!

HOW TO TEST YOUR FFMPEG

FFmpeg handles a lots of formats but only if you install it correctly let’s go to test it

Type in a terminal :

ffmpeg -formats 2>&1 | grep aac

if you get

D aac ADTS AAC
D A mpeg4aac

E=Encoder and so…

Your ffmpeg is not able to use restricted formats like ac3 wma etc etc ! and you’ll get problems !

if you get

D aac ADTS AAC
DEA aac
D A mpeg4aac

your FFmpeg is compiled with aac supports and if you wanna encode on ac3 formats you HAVE TO USE like codec name aac!

EXAMPLE: ffmpeg -i INPUT -acodec aac OUTPUT
fi you get

D aac ADTS AAC
DEA libfaac
D A mpeg4aac

Your FFmpeg is compiled with aac supports but YOU HAVE TO USE LIBFAAC like codec name!

EXAMPLE: ffmpeg -i INPUT -acodec libfaac OUTPUT

this works for many codecs example xvid h264 etc etc

etc etc

HOW TO FIX FFMPEG on Kubuntu system

1-Add Medibuntu repository

then reinstall FFmpeg + these packages  (NUMBER COULD CHANGE BUT YOU CAN SEARCH WITH SYNAPTIC O KPACKAGEKIT )

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg libavdevice-unstripped-52 libavformat-unstripped-52 libavutil-unstripped-49 libpostproc-unstripped-51 libswscale-unstripped-0

Error that makes your ffmpeg sucks

error while loading shared libraries: libavutil.so.50: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

that is due to an older ffmpeg version on the pc you have to rid it

try this

sudo apt-get remove –-purge ffmpeg

then compile ffmpeg again.

HOW To FIx FFMPEG on Kubuntu 9.04 system COMPILING

sudo apt-get build-dep ffmpeg && sudo apt-get install libx264-dev  libxvidcore4-dev libopenjpeg-dev libamrwb-dev libamrnb-dev  checkinstall  libasound2-dev   libdc1394-22-dev   libgsm1-dev  libimlib2-dev libraw1394-dev libsdl1.2-dev libschroedinger-dev libspeex-dev  libtheora-dev  libvorbis-dev libx11-dev libxext-dev libxvmc-dev quilt texi2html zlib1g-dev libfaad-dev libdirac-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev

svn checkout svn://svn.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg

 cd ffmpeg && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --enable-shared --enable-libmp3lame --enable-gpl --enable-libfaad --enable-libvorbis --enable-pthreads --enable-libfaac --enable-libxvid --enable-postproc --enable-x11grab --enable-libgsm --enable-libx264  --enable-libtheora --enable-libdc1394 --enable-nonfree --disable-stripping --enable-avfilter --enable-libdirac --disable-decoder=libdirac --enable-libschroedinger --disable-encoder=libschroedinger --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-libamr-nb --enable-libamr-wb &&  make

HOW To FIx FFMPEG on Kubuntu 9.10 system COMPILING

This could help you to add some feauters on your ffmpeg when this article will get old.The most of configuration can be found here , i mean to enable codecs,

./configure --help | grep enable-lib

that should list every library you can enable. And as you can see on karmic koala 9.10 the old way to compile ffmpeg can not be used again, just because amr libraries have changed name and some feauters have been added like vdpau for nvdia cars only.

So now you need to install :

sudo apt-get install libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev

when i tried to compile ffmpeg then i get some errors like this

ibavcodec/vdpau.h:76: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘VdpPictureInfoMPEG4Part2’

and of course this is an error because i have not disabled vdpau support that is only for nvidia cards. and i have an intel… well so you should search something to disable with

./configure --help | grep disable-

Because of course you use software like kdenlive or software that use ffmpeg YOU NEED TO ENABLE THIS OPTION ;

–enable-shared

And you should REMOVE FFMPEG AND EVERY OLD FFMPEG FROM YOUR SYSTEM THAT SHOULD BE INSTALLED ON

/usr

so to avoid some problems with libraries you need to install ffmpeg on /usr/local so the most of configure script has

/usr/local like prefix by default anyway to be sure ….

–prefix=/usr/local

So this could be a configuration here there is not x264 becasue on kubuntu karmic seems there are some problems with x264 version… -.-”  **)

--prefix=/usr/local --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-nonfree  --enable-postproc --enable-avfilter --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-pthreads --enable-x11grab  --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdirac  --enable-libfaac --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaadbin --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis  --enable-libxvid --disable-vdpau

and this one another to add some libraries that you never use in your life …

./configure  --prefix=/usr/local --enable-shared  --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-nonfree --enable-postproc --enable-avfilter --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-pthreads --enable-x11grab --enable-gray    --enable-bzlib --enable-libopencore-amrnb  --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libdc1394  --enable-libdirac   --enable-libfaac --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaadbin --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libopenjpeg  --enable-libschroedinger  --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora  --enable-libvorbis     --enable-libxvid   --enable-zlib  --enable-gprof  --enable-extra-warnings --disable-vdpau

if you want 264 encoder you should download and installl libx264 too… -.-”

git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264.git

cd x264  &&  ./configure --enable-shared  &&  make -j3  &&  sudo checkinstall

**if you want install normally you should use sudo make install instead of sudo checkinstall.

then recompile ffmpeg you should get errors on compiling ffmpeg just because this library is going to be installed in /usr/local/lib instead of /usr/lib…

for my own use i installed ffmpeg on /usr … even if this can be a pain in some situations

เมือเราต้องการเขียนโค้ดแปลงไฟล์วีดีโอหรือทำ thumbnail จากวีดีโอ สามารถใช้โปรแกรม FFmpeg มาช่วยได้ครับ โดยหาโหลดได้ตามเวปไซทั่วไป ส่วนปัญหาที่พบในบอร์ดตามเน็ตที่ต่างๆ ก้อคือ เราจะเขียนคำสั่งยังไงให้มัน แปลงไฟล์ หรือ ทำ thumbnail ได้อย่างสมบูรณ์ วันนี้ผมนำคำสั่งเหล่านี้มานำเสนอแล้วครับ อ่านต่อเลยครับ

ตัวอย่าง คำสั่งการแปลงไฟล์วีดีโอต่างๆ เป็น .flv

ffmpeg -i M2U9.MPG -acodec mp3 -ar 22050 -ab 32 -f flv -s 320×240 zdemo0011.flv

ตัวอย่าง คำสั่งการทำ thumbnail จากไฟล์วีดีโอ

ffmpeg -vcodec png -i zdemo001.flv -ss 00:00:08 -vframes 1 -f image2 -s sqcif thmb002.png

เมื่อเราจะใช้ PHP เขียนโค้ดเพื่อเรียกคำสั่งจาก FFmpeg ต้องทำดังนี้(ง่ายสุดๆ)

1. ดาว์โหลด FFmpeg แล้วก้อปปี้ไปวางไว้ที่ โฟเดอร์ www ของเวปเรา
หากอ้างถึง FFmpeg จะได้พาทคือ www/myWeb/FFmpeg
www เป็นโฟเดอร์ของ apache นะ

2. เอาโค้ดที่ทำการแปลงไฟล์ ไปไว้ที่โฟเดอร์ ffmpeg เลยคร้บ เช่นเราจะ โ้ค้ด php เราชื่อ convert.php
อ้างพาทแล้วจะได้ ffmpeg/convert.php

3. ในโค้ด convert.php ดังนี้

<?

$cmd = “ffmpeg -i M2U9.MPG -acodec mp3 -ar 22050 -ab 32 -f flv -s 320×240 zdemo0011.flv”

exec($cmd);

?>

เท่านี้เราก้อสามารถใช้โปรแกรม FFmpeg โดยผ่านโค้ด exec ของ PHP ได้ …. เดี๋ยวจะมาอธิบายเกี่ยวกับรายละเอียดฟังก์ชั่น และพารามิเตอร์อีกครับ บาย

우분투 8.04에서 Logitech Quickcam Pro 4000으로 스트리밍 서버 만드는 방법이다.

[원본링크] http://minimonk.tistory.com/985

$ ffserver -f ./ffserver.conf
$ ffmpeg -y -f video4linux -r 30 -s 160×120 -i /dev/video0 http://localhost:8090/feed1.ffm
웹브라우저 http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8090/stream.asf[링크 : ffserver 문서와 다를 내용은 그리 없지만

As a simple test, just run the following two command lines where INPUTFILE is some file which you can decode with ffmpeg:

./ffserver -f doc/ffserver.conf &

./ffmpeg -i INPUTFILE http://localhost:8090/feed1.ffm

At this point you should be able to go to your Windows machine and fire up Windows Media Player (WMP). Go to Open URL and enter

http://<linuxbox>:8090/test.asf

아무튼.. wmv 중요한건 저게 아니라 /etc/ffserver.conf 파일의 내용일 듯 하다.

ffmpeg 홈페이지의 ffserver.conf 예제파일

아무튼 적절한 코덱을 지원하는 동영상을 찾아서 테스트 해봐야 하겠지만,
해상도는 16의 배수, 프레임은 1이상 이어야 하는 것으로 보인다.

Za pomocą skryptu youtube-dl możemy pobierać dane z portalu youtube.com. Jest on dostępny w repozytorium Debiana, ale wyłącznie w wersji Sid. Zatem jeśli mamy inną wersję tego systemu jak np. Lenny należy postępować zgodnie z poniższym.

Kopiujemy tekst skryptu z tej strony i zapisujemy pod nazwą youtube-dl lub youtube-dl.py (najprawdopodobniej żadna nazwa nie zawiedzie, chodzi o to aby było intuicyjnie) w katalogu do którego mamy ustawioną zmienną PATH.

Gdy nie wiemy gdzie umieścić dany skrypt wykonujemy:
$ $PATH

Polecenie to wylistuje katalogi do których mamy ustawioną zmienną PATH oddzielając je znakiem : (dwukropka).

bash: /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/games:

Ja nazwałem skrypt youtube-dl.py i zapisałem go w katalogu /usr/local/bin.
Teraz co bardzo ważne należy nadać naszemu skryptowi prawa do wykonywania:
# chmod +x youtube-dl.py

Już możemy pobierać dane z youtube’a!

Przykłady:

$ youtube-dl.py http://pl.youtube.com/watch?v=b24ddxV0SuI

Powyższa metoda nie zawiedzie w danym przypadku. Jednak nie ściągniemy tego co ukrywa się pod linkiem http://pl.youtube.com/watch?v=6wNLOUqVK2s. Musimy się zalogować i potwierdzić datę urodzenia.

Zatem do dzieła:
$ youtube-dl.py -u TWOJ_LOGIN -p TWOJE_HASLO http://pl.youtube.com/watch?v=6wNLOUqVK2s

Pliki zostaną zapisane w katalogu bieżącym odpowiednio pod nazwą b24ddxV0SuI.flv i 6wNLOUqVK2s.flv.

Jeśli nie odpowiadają nam formaty zapisanych plików (*.flv) bo chcemy np. wrzucić filmik na komórkę to polecam zapoznać się z programami ffmpeg lub mencoder, które oferują bardzo dużo jeśli chodzi o konwersję.

Przykładowe polecenie może wyglądać tak:
$ mencoder PLIK_WEJSCIOWY.flv -o PLIK_WYJSCIOWY.avi -oac mp3lame -ovc lavc

manual:
http://www.digipedia.pl/man/youtube-dl.1.html
youtube-dl dla Windows XP:
http://rg03.wordpress.com/youtube-dl-under-windows-xp/

In the event anyone else is interested…

Ubuntu 8.04 ffmpeg instructions
Ubuntu ffmpeg instructions

Of note, yasm, x264 and ffmpeg are unique items.  Both yasm and x264 are required in order to install ffmpeg.

The official ffmpeg.org site provides an ffmpeg help page.

Thought I’d post this as I haven’t found all this information in one place.  Sometimes I like to take random movies I’ve downloaded off the net and encode and burn them to standard NTSC DVD.  The problem is a lot of the videos you find are from PAL (25 fps) source and/or they use out of the ordinary aspect ratios like 2.45:1 or 1.91:1.  These two issues can give you major headaches when trying to get them onto DVD and preserve the proper aspect ratio and smooth frame rate.

There’s a number of solutions to these problems which I’ll outline below.

Convert “Any” PAL to NTSC MPEG2-PS (DVD), Soft-Telecine method

mencoder INPUT_PAL.avi -vf scale=720:480,harddup -srate 48000
-af lavcresample=48000 -ovc lavc -oac lavc -of mpeg -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:
keyint=15:vstrict=0:acodec=ac3:abitrate=224:aspect=16/9 -mpegopts format=dvd:tsaf:tele_src=25:tele_dest=30000/1001 -o OUTPUT_NTSC.mpg

This “soft-telecine” method flags the frames for 25 fps to 29.97 fps to make the file NTSC compliant without changing the actual frame rate.

Dealing with the Aspect Ratio problem

The mencoder command above is incomplete because if you’ll notice it assumes you have a source already encoded at 720×480 with a pixel aspect of 1:1 and a display aspect of 16:9.  Of course this is never the case, so you need to make a few modifications.  We need to do some simple math.

Example:  Source file has a display aspect of 2.45:1 and a resolution of 640×261.

Desired output is NTSC-DVD with 16:9 display aspect:  (480)*(16/9)=854, and (854)/(2.45)=349, so we’ll encode to 720×350 and pad/expand the remainder to 480.

mencoder uses the expand method, portions of the above command line would therefore be modified like this “-vf scale=720:350,expand=720:480″ and make sure the -lavcopts part has “aspect=16/9″ in it somewhere.

If you happen to prefer ffmpeg, it uses the padding method and you would achieve the same thing by having the following in the command line “-s 720:350 -padtop 65 -padbottom 65 -aspect 16:9″.

Non so perche’ vogliate fare una cosa del genere, ma se proprio volete convertire un file Matroska in un formato AVI potete usare mencoder. Vediamo come.

Prima di tutto vediamo cosa sono questi file Matroska. Possiamo averne di tre tipi: MKV (video), MKA (audio) e MKS (sottotitoli), per crearli viene utilizzato l’EBML. Si tratta di un buon formato, anche se puo’ dare qualche problemino con alcuni riproduttori di video, ma questo e’ un problema dei riproduttori (o lettori) e non del formato del file. Comunque, ipotizziamo ci sia un buon motivo dietro il vostro desiderio di convertire il vostro bel video MKV in un altro formato. Per prima cosa dovete sapere in quale formato convertire, vediamone due.

Se volete convertire da Matroska a Xvid dovete dare questo comando:
$ mencoder INPUT.mkv -ofps 25 -ovc xvid -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=192 -srate 48000 -xvidencopts fixed_quant=4 -vf scale -zoom -xy 720 -o OUTPUT.avi
analizzare ogni singola opzione sarebbe lungo e per voi inutile, andatevi dunque a leggere la guida di mencoder. Vi dico solo che l’opzione xvidencopts fixed_quant indica la qualita’ (3 buona qualita’ ma meno compressione, 5 bassa qualita’ alta compressione), 4 e’ una buona via di mezzo. Se non ne siete soddisfatti potete sempre ripetere il comando cambiando i valori.

Potete anche convertire il vostro file MKV in formato DivX 5, con questo comando:
$ mencoder INPUT.mkv -o OUTPUT.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=700:vpass=1 -ffourcc DIVX50 -oac mp3lame -vf scale -zoom -xy 720

E’ comunque consigliabile, laddove possibile, il formato Xvid rispetto al DivX, per varie ragioni.

Se doveste avere (come accade spesso) un file MKV con due tracce audio, allora dovete aggiungere una o piu’ opzioni per indicare quale utilizzare. Ma prima di tutto dovete individuare la traccia audio che vi interessa, per farlo date questo comando:
$ mplayer -v INPUT.mkv
leggete e cercate qualcosa del genere:

[...]
...  -aid N, -alang LNG
...  -aid N, -alang LNG
[...]

dove al posto di N c’e’ un numero e al posto di LNG c’e’ la lingua, ad esempio -aid 1, -alang ita e -aid 2, -alang eng. Ora avete tutto quello che vi serve. Il comando per creare un file in Xvid con la traccia audio in italiano sara’ dunque (stando all’esempio):
$ mencoder INPUT.mkv -ofps 25 -ovc xvid -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=128 -srate 48000 -vf scale -zoom -xy 720 -xvidencopts fixed_quant=4 -aid 1 -alang ita -o OUTPUT.avi

Certe volte (a seconda del formato audio) ci potrebbero essere problemi ad utilizzare questo sistema. In questi casi ci viene in aiuto mkvtoolnix. Essendo pacchettizzato, per installarlo sulla nostra Debian facciamo cosi’:
# apt-get install mkvtoolnix
il tool contiene varie applicazioni, tra cui mkvmerge, mkvinfo e mkvextract. Quella che fa al caso nostro e’ mkvextract, leggiamoci dunque la guida, che ci suggerisce la seguente procedura.

Prima di tutto dobbiamo identificare le tracce audio (e gli eventuali sottotitoli):
$ mkvmerge -i movie.mkv
che ad esempio ci restituisce questo output:

File ’movie.mkv’: container: Matroska
Track ID 1: video (V_MS/VFW/FOURCC, DIV3)
Track ID 2: audio (A_MPEG/L3)
Track ID 3: audio (A_VORBIS)
Track ID 4: subtitles (S_TEXT/UTF8)
Track ID 5: subtitles (S_TEXT/UTF8)

Come vedete la traccia 2 e’ un formato audio MP3, la traccia 3 e’ un formato audio OGG e poi abbiamo i due sottotitoli. Se vogliamo la seconda traccia audio e i secondi sottotitoli, allora diamo questo comando:
$ mkvextract tracks movie.mkv 2:audio.mp3 5:subtitles.srt

Ora potete usare ffmpeg sul file MKV per estrarre solo il video:
$ ffmpeg -i INPUT.mkv -an -vcodec copy -y OUTPUT.mkv
e poi convertite con mencoder usando l’opzione audiofile per indicargli il file audio esterno (che abbiamo estratto con mkvextract):
$ mencoder INPUT.mkv -ofps 25 -ovc xvid -oac mp3lame -lameopts abr:br=192 -srate 48000 -xvidencopts fixed_quant=4 -vf scale -zoom -xy 720 -audiofile audio.mp3 -o OUTPUT.avi

Adesso avete il vostro bel file video in formato AVI XviD riproducibile nei piu’ normali lettori. Se siete estimatori delle lingue originali, ma non le conoscete e volete i sottotitoli, basta inserirli nella stessa directory del file video. Generalmente per far si che il lettore li legga basta che file video e sottotitoli abbiano lo stesso nome (solo l’estensione diversa). Ad esempio: Filmstrepitoso.avi e Filmstrepitoso.srt. Puo’ pero’ capitare che ci siano lettori che non leggono i sottotitoli . Allora dovete inserirli nel file video, in questo modo:
$ mencoder -ovc xvid -xvidencopts fixed_quant=4 -oac copy -sub Filmstrepitoso.srt -subfont-text-scale 4 -o Filmstrepitosoconsottotitoli.avi Filmstrepitoso.avi

Fatto, ora potete godervi il vostro film con i sottotitoli anche nel piu’ scadente dei lettori.

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It’s unlike me to upgrade my systems very often since it can take so much time, but I was moved recently to upgrade both my “server” (to Ubuntu 9.04) and my EEE PC 900 (to Easy Peasy 1.5). In general, I’m very impressed with how much better Linux-on-the-desktop gets every 6 months, and I look forward to at least another 8 years as a happy desktop Linux user.

One of the great things about Ubuntu is that it really is just painless to set up some pretty sophisticated servers. For example, I use my Ubuntu server to record television shows using MythTv, which can be very difficult to install. However, using the Ubuntu packages, I was able to get my system up-and-running in less than 10 minutes.

I do have one very small criticism of Ubuntu, and it’s that they keep making it harder and harder to install ffmpeg from source. The “stock” version of ffmpeg that comes with Ubuntu can’t do a lot of cool things like convert videos to the H264 format, so one of the first things that I usually do after installing Ubuntu is compile a more robust version of that application. Well, the process I used to compile it in 8.04 definitely did not work with 9.04 for some strange reason. Thank goodness that I found this tutorial, which made things very simple.

One really great thing about the 1.5 version of Easy Peasy is that I can now use some Compiz effects with my EEE PC 900. Previous versions of Easy Peasy didn’t even allow me to turn Compiz on. Hooray for tons tap-dancing sprites on my screen!

Here are some of the resources that I used to set up my Ubuntu 9.04 and Easy Peasy 1.5 systems. Maybe someone else will find them to be useful:

• Installing ffmpeg from source
• NFS Server & Client HOWTO

setUpEclipseSVNCMakeOpenCV.sh

Get and install Subversion:
apt-get subversion

Get and install CMake
apt-get cmake

Download and install OpenCV
source

First we need to install ffmpeg:

>>sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev

First download ffmpeg 15261 (this is the very last version that supports the type “img_convert”. Later versions of ffmpeg might not support this type and therefore installations of opencv-1.0.0 (and later versions) end up with error.)

>> svn checkout -r 15261 svn://svn.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg_15261
>> cd ffmpeg_15261

Then we configure ffmpeq with the following flags.

>> ./configure –enable-shared –enable-gpl –enable-pthreads

We apply a patch (so called 0001-Fixes-the-compilation-problem.patch) (see http://code.google.com/p/avbin/issues/detail?id=15) to libswscale/swscale.h

>> patch libswscale/swscale.h < ../0001-Fixes-the-compilation-problem.patch

After applying the patch we configure ffmpeg once more.

>> ./configure –enable-shared –enable-gpl –enable-pthreads
>> make
>> sudo make install
>> echo “/usr/local/lib” > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ffmpeg.conf

>> /sbin/ldconfig

So far we installed ffmpeg. In order to test it you can run an avi file with the function ffplay. It should work without any problem.

>> ffplay my_test_video.avi

Now it is time for OpenCV:

. Installing GTK & OpenCV

>> sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

Get opencv and put the files in <Opencv Source code>

>>svn co https://code.ros.org/svn/opencv/trunk <Opencv Source code>

>> cd /usr/local/include/

>> mkdir ffmpeg

>> cd ffmpeg

>>sudo su

>> find ../ -name “*.h” | xargs -n1 ln –s

>>sudo your_user_name

>> cd <Opencv Source code>

>> ./configure –enable-apps –enable-shared –with-ffmpeg –with-gnu-ld –with-x –without-quicktime –with-gtk CXXFLAGS=-fno-strict-aliasing CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include/ffmpeg CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include/ffmpeg LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/lib

After a successful configuration we should see;

…

…

Use gtk+ 2.x:yes

Use gthread:yes

…

Use ffmpeg:yes

Use dc1394&&raw1394: yes

…

>> make

After running the command make, some of those following 5 errors can probably be observed in the file “cvcap_ffmpeg.cpp”.

1-) “cvcap_ffmpeg.cpp:250: error: integer constant is too large for ‘long’ type”

As a solution we have to add the following 2 lines of code to the top of file “opencv/otherlibs/highgui/cvcap_ffmpeg.cpp”:

#define INT64_C

#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS

2-) There is still a problem with pointers (in the later versions of ffmpeg), like cannot convert ‘ByteIOContext**’ to ‘ByteIOContext*’ for argument ‘1′ to ‘int url_fclose(ByteIOContext*)

As a solution try to change the line containing
url_fclose(&mywriter->oc->pb);
to
url_fclose(mywriter->oc->pb);

3-)It might give an error about type definitions as well. As a solution we have to switch from int to PixelFormat.

“invalid conversion from ‘int’ to ‘PixelFormat”

For all cases do the following convertion: pix_fmt ->(PixelFormat)pix_fmt

4-) PIX_FMT_RGBA32 was not declared in this scope”

Replace PIX_FMT_RGBA32 by PIX_FMT_RGB32.

5-) “../../lib/libhighgui.so.1.1.0: undefined reference to `av_free_packet’ “

Add the following lines to cvcap_ffmpeg.cpp :

void av_free_packet(AVPacket *pkt)

{

if (pkt) {

if (pkt->destruct) pkt->destruct(pkt);

pkt->data = NULL; pkt->size = 0;

}

}

After getting rid of all the errors we type:
>> sudo make install
>> /sbin/ldconfig

Now we can run a program that uses OpenCV functions to verify that everything has been installed successfully.

————-

Not sure is this step is necessary
Download CMake module for OpenCV:
http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/Getting_started?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=FindOpenCV.cmake
Save it to:  /usr/share/cmake/Modules

————————————-

test is by followring the instructions here: http://www.rainsoft.de/projects/pwc.html

As you may have noticed in my flashing images video, I had to get all the images the same size in order to use ffmpeg to convert them into a video. However, since not all the images were the same size, I had to write a script that would put the black borders. So I used Python’s PIL to thumbnail the image and then save with a black border as a png file for ffmpeg to use. Here is the script that I used:

#!/usr/bin/python
#(C) 2009 Tej A. Shah
#This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#(at your option) any later version.
#This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#GNU General Public License for more details.
#You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

import os
import Image
import ImageDraw
from os.path import join, getsize

size = 1920,1080
counter = 0
names = []

for root, dirs, files in os.walk('wedding photos'):
	for name in files:
		names = names + [os.path.join(root,name)]

names.sort()

for name in names:
	print name
	newImg = Image.new("RGB",size)
	draw = ImageDraw.Draw(newImg)
	draw.rectangle((0,0,size),(0,0,0))
	del draw

	oldImg = Image.open(name)
	oldImg.thumbnail( size, Image.ANTIALIAS )
	oldImg = oldImg.convert("RGB")

	xStartPoint = (size[0] /2) - (oldImg.size[0]/2)
	newImg.paste(oldImg, (xStartPoint,0,xStartPoint + oldImg.size[0], size[1]) )

	counter = counter +1
	if counter < 10:
		filename = "000" + str(counter)
	elif counter < 100 :
		filename = "00" + str(counter)
	elif counter < 1000 :
		filename = "0" + str(counter)
	else:
		filename = str(counter)
	newImg.save("makeMovie/" + filename + ".png","PNG")

I decided to test out how Youtube will handle a video that flashes images at 30 frames a second. Please stop the movie if you feel dizzy .

Previously I posted, pointing to a tutorial on converting AVI files to DVD. The tutorial below builds on that one, using different tools for the conversion of the input file to an MPG format.  Please be aware that the DVD created by following these steps will not have a menu.

Step 1: Convert the file to MPG

Instead of using transcode to rip apart the input file and then multiplexing the new files back together with mplex, you can use ffmpeg to do the full conversion. It should work for any video file. I have had success using it on AVI, MKV and FLV files, regardless of the codecs inside the wrapper.

For the sake of this tutorial, we will generate an output file with the name “output.mpg” that we will then reference in other commands. Change “input.file” to the name of the file that you want to convert.

ffmpeg -i input.file -target dvd -copyts -aspect 16:9 output.mpg

Note: if your file’s aspect ration is 4:3, use that ratio instead of 16:9. Also, if you need PAL instead of NTSC, change the -target dvd to -target pal-dvd.

Now if you get an error (like many Ubuntu 9.04 users have) indicating “Unknown encoder ‘mpeg2video’”, try this trick that I found at the Paper Inside blog. Basically, it wipes out the ffmpeg that you currently have (with stripped libraries) and reinstalls it with the unstripped libraries. Be sure to capture the full line on the last command, as it goes on for quite a bit.

sudo apt-get purge ffmpeg

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install libavcodec-unstripped-52 libavdevice-unstripped-52 libavformat-unstripped-52 libavutil-unstripped-49 libpostproc-unstripped-51 libswscale-unstripped-0 ffmpeg

Note: Paper Inside’s command installs libavcodec-unstripped-51 and mine installs libavcodec-unstripped-52. I guess the repos must have changed since his post, as I couldn’t find 51. The 52 library worked perfectly for me, though.

Step 2: Make a folder for your your titlesets to go into

The folder needs to be in the same location as your MPG file you just made. For this example, we’ll create a folder called DVD:

mkdir DVD

Step 3: Make an XML file

Again, in the same location as the file and folder you just made, create a text file called dvdauthor.xml:

touch dvdauthor.xml

And then populate that file with the following content, using your favorite text editor:

<dvdauthor dest="DVD">
<vmgm />
<titleset>
<titles>
<pgc>
<vob file="output.mpg" chapters="0,5:00,10:00,15:00,20:00"/>
</pgc>
</titles>
</titleset>
</dvdauthor>


Note the double quotes around the name of your MPG file. You can make the chapters at whatever increments you want by editing the time values. Also, if you want your finished DVD to play more than one video, just add a second pgc section to you dvdauthor.xml file like this:
<dvdauthor dest="DVD">
<vmgm />
<titleset>
<titles>
<pgc>
<vob file="output.mpg" chapters="0,5:00,10:00,15:00,20:00"/>
</pgc>
<pgc>
<vob file="output2.mpg" chapters="0,5:00,10:00,15:00,20:00"/>
</pgc>
</titles>
</titleset>
</dvdauthor>


Step 4: Convert the MPG file to DVD titlesets

This dvdauthor command will populate the DVD folder you made with an AUDIO_TS and VIDEO_TS folder and populate the VIDEO_TS folder with the .vob and other files necessary for DVD playback.

dvdauthor -x dvdauthor.xml


Step 5: Convert the titlesets into an ISO

This mkisofs command will take the DVD titleset folder you just made and copy it over to an ISO file that will be ready to burn to a DVD. The syntax for mkisofs is pretty straightforward, though different from some other input/output tools. In order to generate my .iso files, I use the following options in mkisofs:

• -o to indicate the output file location and name
• -V to set the volume label on the .iso file (which some DVD players and media players will display when they begin playing the DVD or ISO file)
• -dvd-video to generate a DVD-Video compliant UDF file system

In the command below, change the output argument (after the -o) to whatever you want the ISO file to be called and the volume label argument (after the -V) to whatever you want the volume label to read. The final argument is the input, and it references the DVD folder that we made above (the one we populated with our titlesets,) so leave it the same unless you put your titlesets somewhere else.  If so, remember that the input for mkisofs should reference the folder that contains the AUDIO_TS and VIDEO_TS folders.

mkisofs -dvd-video -o mydvd.iso -V MYDVD DVD

Step 6: Burn the ISO file to a disc

Now you have a DVD image ready to be burned to a DVD disc. You can check the image before burning by opening it with VLC. It should play in VLC just like any other video file. And while there are probably command line tools for burning to DVD, I always use Brasero’s “burn image” option. You can burn the ISO to a DVD-RW disc to try it out in your DVD player before committing the image to a DVD-R.

SWF2AVI – stable on Slackware 12.2,
source: swf + xml + pics info via mysql : result : movie with codec Microsoft MPEG-4 V2  ,

conversion via oficial Adobe Flash player 10,0,32,18
project considered closed