How mind acquired knowledge? (Nov. 25, 2009)

Berkeley, the British philosopher of the 19^th century, insists that we cannot directly comprehend objects with just our senses: our senses are causally linked to phenomena that are affected by the objects. In this case, the “existence of objects” becomes problematic if we try to insert a third transmission factor between the subject and the object to account for our comprehension. The traditional reflection that we need a speculative concept-based system of thinking to mediate between object and subject has been disrupted by physical sciences.

By the by, the conviction that transformations of our senses lead to comprehending brute matters relied on a double proof: first, the impossibility of acquiring knowledge by the sole speculative thinking and second, empirical research enhanced our knowledge base.

Hume, another British philosopher, claimed that causal relations, among other concepts considered essential, cannot be understood from matters that are offered to our senses.  According to Hume, the sensed brute matter is our only source of knowledge and thus, it modifies our understanding but never leads us to formulating laws: “empirical knowledge is never certain”. Hume warned against indulging into metaphysical concept (as the true opposite to objectivity); this word “metaphysic” aroused this erroneous fear that got the subsequent contemporary philosophers rattled and wrote thousand of obscure pages just to sounding objective. This anxious fear of extending metaphysical notions prompted philosophers into describing objects as equivalent to their qualities or characteristics, thus, evaluating relations is equivalent to evaluating qualities.

Consequently, contemporary philosophers reached this understanding that sure and stable knowledge has to be founded on reasoning such as it is done in geometry and the principle of causality. The paradox, said Einstein, is that we learned that most reasoning systems do not necessarily generate certainty in any field of science or that are intimately necessary for our knowledge development.

Bertrand Russell in his “Inquiry into meaning and truth” stated: “We all start with the realism that objects are what they appear: grass is green, snow is cold, and stone is hard. Then physics teaches us that color, heat, or hardness are different in quality or characteristics of what we might have experienced. The observer is in fact registering the impressions of the grass, snow, or stone. When science attempts to be objective it sinks, against its will, into subjectivity. Thus, naïf realism leads to physics, physics then demonstrates that realism is false. Logically false, and thus false.”

To avoid their concepts being labeled “metaphysical” then Scientists have been formulating boundaries or axioms to their concepts; for example, in order for a concept not to degenerate into metaphysic then first, enough numbers of propositions must be linked to the sensed world and second, the conceptual system must have essential functions of re-arranging, organizing, and synthesizing the sensed “reality”. A system expresses a game of logical symbols ruled by logical arbitrary given propositions.

Einstein is not bothered at all by the term metaphysic; he does not mind accepting an object as an independent concept in spatial-temporal structures. As he views it, it is unavoidable bypassing metaphysical concepts and thus, there should be no need to be apprehensive of a concept being considered metaphysical. Einstein thinks that concepts are logically creations of the mind, that it cannot be due to inductive reasoning from the sensed experiences. For example, prime numbers are considered invention of the mind. Yes, that concepts are extracted from the sensed brute matters is a reasonable contention, what is wrong is to exclude all concepts not considered to be related to the sensed world as metaphysical concepts.

What is so fishy about contemporary philosophy is that they avoid dwelling on the processes of hundreds of thousands of years that was necessary for human brain to acquire the necessary associations and images of objects and expressions, of metaphors, and then abstract analogies. It is my contention that reasoning methods of induction, deduction, and logical systems of rules are but organizations and descriptions of mental processes of the brain and memories for retrieving and recalling stored information. I believe that the neo-cortex has been undergoing specialized connected areas for expert specialized and restricted disciplines for work or labor divisions. General knowledge is going down the drain that will result in man destruction and moral oblivion.

For those who need to create conditional formula, i have place a document in the tutorials section.

http://soliddna.wordpress.com/tutorials/

Young World Quiz (November 24, 2009)

V.V. RAMANAN

Photo : Shirish Shete and K. Pichumani

Who is older? Sachin Tendulkar or Muttiah Muralithaaran.

1. Which country has 11 time zones?

2. If a gorilla is a type of primate, then what sort of an animal is a zorilla?

3. Who is the present First Lord of the Treasury in the UK?

4. Who is older: Sachin Tendulkar or Muttiah Muralitharan?

5. Which bird do Chinese fishermen use to help catch fish for them?

6. Name the two U.S. space shuttles to have been destroyed in an accident.

Photo : Reuters

A pumpkin slice : Any time is snack time.

7. Which body of water is referred to as the ‘The Ditch’?

8. What was the nationality of the great chemist Friedrich August Kekulé?

9. In the Kelvin scale, what is the freezing point of water?

10. In the fairy tale ‘The princess and the pea’, on a bed of how many mattresses and featherbeds did the princess sleep?

11. Where in the human body is the pectoral muscle?

From the movie : Lawrence of Arabia .

12. According to the Bible, on what day did God command the land to bring forth living creatures?

13. What was Lawrence of Arabia doing when he died?

14. In order, which is the first alphabet in (the English version of) Scrabble to be worth four points?

15. The ‘Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre’ are commonly called…?

Answer to Young World Quiz (November 24, 2009)

V.V. RAMANAN

Answers:

1. Russia
2. A type of polecat and a member of the weasel family
3. The Prime Minister Gordon Brown
4. Muttiah Muralitharan
5. Cormorant
6. Columbia and Challenger
7. Tasman Sea
8. German
9. 273.15
10. 20 mattresses and 20 featherbeds
11. Chest
12. Sixth
13. Riding a motorcycle
14. F
15. Tony Awards.

Posted by தங்கவேல் மாணிக்கம்

Thanks to http://thangavelmanickadevar.blogspot.com

Life is too short to sit around on the net all day reading about other people’s experiences in life, so we have put together a nice little list of ten absolutely fabulous, fun, naughty, and neat things to do before you get too old. Some of these items might put you in danger of jail time, but that just adds to the thrill!

Who doesn’t love cocktails? There are thousands of spirits and liqueurs out there for the tasting – so go to a liquor store, stock up, and try as many variations as you can. You are bound to stumble upon a great tasting cocktail to show off to your friends next time you have a party. Remember to keep a bucket handy – after a night of tasting cocktails you will need it.

Flash mobs have become a worldwide phenomena in which a large group of unrelated people all converge in one place, perform an unusual action for a short time, and disburse again. Flash Mobs were invented in 2003 in Manhattan, but they can now be found in almost every city in the world. To illustrate the scale and awesomeness of flash mobs, in 2006 the London Underground was overtaken by 4,000 people who all silently danced to their ipods (video clip above).

This one is an easy task for most people living in California, but not so easy for people in other states and countries. But it is worth the airfare to get to a premiere if you can afford it. I was fortunate enough to see the premiere of one of the Lord of the Rings movies and I had a fantastic night – you definitely must do this at least once. Who knows, maybe a superstar will see you and fall in love with you (that didn’t happen to me, alas).

It is possible that many of you will have already performed this task, but for those who haven’t (myself included), why not give it a shot? All you are going to cost someone is the time cleaning up after you. Pick a nice clean spot and go to town with spray paint. Be careful not to put anything that will lead the cops to your door. For added points, try to graffiti in a nearly impossible to reach spot – you are more likely to leave a permanent mark that way.

Disclaimer: If you do this, Listverse and JFrater will not be held responsible. Now this is something that I can say I have never done, though I have left a store with free things that the staff didn’t ring up (accidentally), but I do have friends who have done this. The trick is to go to a very fancy restaurant (don’t forget to dress up), order something from every course – preferably things you have never eaten before – or can’t afford to eat, then do a runner from the restaurant without paying. Just remember: this is theft, so don’t pick a small family run restaurant that can’t afford to foot your bill.

You may have noticed the absence of items such as bungee jumping and sky diving – the reason is that I think they are insane things to do and I would never recommend them. So, in lieu of other “flight” related things to do, I propose that you learn to fly a plane. You might need to save money for a while as lessons can be very expensive. If you do decide to give it a go, I would recommend that you shave off any long facial hair you may have.

This one may be a little risky, but it is worth it for the kudos you will get from your friends and family. First off you need to paint yourself a piece of art; it doesn’t matter whether you can draw or not – most modern art is unrecognizable anyway. Once your painting is dry, sneak it in to the fanciest art gallery you can find and tape it up on the wall. If you want to go for a special extra touch, you can make your own wall plaque to hang beneath it – and include a price tag. Who knows, you may be discovered!

This is something you have to do at least once in your life. Save up some money and book a night at the poshest hotel in your city – and book the most expensive suite. While you are there make sure you saved enough cash to tip well and to enjoy all of the benefits of the hotel – like fabulous food, massages, pool, and spa. There is nothing grander than waking up in a magnificent penthouse suite with a hangover. Just remember, if you steal the bathrobes you may find an unexpected bill turning up on your credit card the following month.

If you volunteer at your local cop shop you can often be invited to participate in a lineup. Doing so can be fun – and you sometimes get a free lunch as well as cash (though not always). If you do get to appear in a lineup, be sure you didn’t commit the crime! Wear something fun like a tee-shirt that says “I did it” and be sure to look shifty. If you accidentally get picked as the perp, you might want to check out the Top 10 Prison Survival Tips.

We live in a fast paced society where gadgets exist for virtually every task – but occasionally you find that nothing exists to do exactly what you want to do. Instead of ranting and raving, why not try your hand at inventing it? It can take months – even years – to invent something, but if you have a good idea, it is worth the effort. Just remember, as soon as you have completed your invention, patent it and give it a truly awesome name. Who knows, you may even get rich off the idea.

Contributor: JFrater

Thanks to : http://listverse.com

ခရီးရွည္၊ခရီးတိုပဲၿဖစ္ၿဖစ္၊ မိသားစုလိုက္ ဒါမွမဟုတ္ အသင္းအဖြဲ႕အလို္က္
ခရီးသြားလာဖို႕အတြက္ ကားငွားမယ္ဆိုရင္ ရရွိနိုင္တဲ႕ေနရာေတြကို
ေဖာ္ၿပေပးလိုက္ပါတယ္။

The error: We have five body senses – sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste.

These are the traditional five senses, but there are in fact many more – some say up to 21. Obvious additions to the list are balance, pain, and temperature. Furthermore, we have internal senses which traditionally number four: imagination, memory, common sense (not to be confused with commonsense which many people lack!), and the estimative power. Wikipedia has a very interesting article which covers the large number of senses seldom mentioned. You can read that here.

The error: A rainbow has seven colors

We are, no doubt, all familiar with the old phrase “Roy G. Biv” used to remember the colors of the rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. This series of colors was coined by Newton who initially excluded indigo and violet. While a rainbow does appear to have seven colors, it is, in fact, one continuous spectrum of color and it is merely an artifact of human color perception that makes it appear to be a series of bands. There are also things called supernumerary rainbows which have more than 7 bands visible to the human eye (pictured above – note the extra green and purple bands at the bottom of the rainbow).

The error: Drinking alcohol warms you up

This is entirely untrue – yet it is still commonly seen as an antidote to coldness in movies, and people still believe the myth about the St Bernard dogs with casks of liquor around their necks! In fact, when you drink alcohol, your body temperature drops! This is because alcohol allows more blood to reach the surface of the body, and more heat is radiated or conducted away. Any feeling of warmth experienced after drinking alcohol is explained by the fact that this flow of blood to the surface warms the skin and the ends of the sensory nerves in the skin, and these convey to the brain a sensation of warmth. The fact that alcohol actually lowers the temperature of the body was first announced by Sir B. Ward Richardson in 1866 to the British Association. [Source]

The error: Small earthquakes can reduce the chance of a big one

There is a common myth (particularly in New Zealand where earthquakes are common) that if you have a lot of small earthquakes, it helps to alleviate the pressures building up that can cause a big one. But this is not true. Seismologists have observed that for every magnitude 6 earthquake there are 10 of magnitude 5, 100 of magnitude 4, 1,000 of magnitude 3, and so forth as the events get smaller and smaller. This sounds like a lot of small earthquakes, but there are never enough small ones to eliminate the occasional large event. It would take 32 magnitude 5’s, 1000 magnitude 4’s, 32,000 magnitude 3’s to equal the energy of one magnitude 6 event. So, even though we always record many more small events than large ones, there are never enough to eliminate the need for the occasional large earthquake. [Source]

The error: You must wait 30 minutes after eating before swimming

While there is a theoretical concern based on the fact that the body diverts the circulation of blood to the gut and away from the muscles that this might possibly cause a cramp, no one has ever drowned because they went swimming with a full tummy. Going swimming after eating a big meal might make you uncomfortable, but it won’t cause you to drown. And even if you did get a cramp, in most cases you could easily exit the water before any real damage is done.

The error: The earth is dangerously overpopulated or is getting close to being so

This is a myth which has been around for quite some time – from the Anglican minister Malthus in the 18th century who said: “The power of population is indefinitely greater than the power in the earth to produce subsistence for man” to environmentalists who see humans as evil in comparison to the rest of nature. But, in truth, the world is a big place with plenty of space. So, how much land does it take to hold 6 billion people? To give you an idea, consider the small nation of Japan. It has about 143,000 square miles of area. One square mile has 5280 * 5280 = 27.9 million square feet. Japan has a total of about 4 trillion square feet, enough to give each person of the earth 670 square feet. If we housed people in families of four in simple two-level buildings (8 people per building, one family of four per level), each building could be on a lot of over 5300 square feet. If we used the American average of 8,000 square feet to four people, the entire population of the planet would fit into a space as big as Texas and Nevada combined – leaving the rest of the land for food production and entertainment venues. I should also mention that many countries in the west are now in a period of population implosion as families are getting smaller.

The error: Using a cellphone on a plane can cause interference and, consequently, a crash.

The FAA has tested all sorts of electronic devices for 25 years, at 100 times the RF interference levels—and nothing happened. The FAA simply states that no link between operating the devices has been proved. It’s been left up to the airlines to determine their own policy—and that policy is to put away your Blackberry. By using your cellphone during flight, you risk interfering with a flight crew—but the plane won’t crash. Consequently, some airlines are now allowing the use of cellphones during flights. [Source]

The error: When you get older, you become bad tempered

A recent study found that our personalities don’t change much after age 30. So, if you’re cheerful and gregarious in your 40s, you can expect to be the same in your 80s. Marked personality changes some seniors experience are due not to normal aging but to some related disease like dementia or stroke. This is something worth considering when you are planning to marry in your thirties – your future spouse probably behaves now the same way he or she will for the rest of his or her life. [Source]

The error: Sushi is raw fish

Sushi does not mean raw fish, and not all sushi includes raw fish. The usual Japanese term for raw fish is sashimi. The term sushi actually refers to the way the rice is prepared with a vinegary dressing. Toppings for the rice may traditionally include raw fish—but also cooked seafood, fish roe, egg, or vegetables such as cucumber, daikon radish, or ume plum. The dish constituting sushi and other fillings wrapped in a seaweed is referred to as makizushi, not sushi.

The error: In the United States, a policeman must answer truthfully when asked if he is a cop

Entrapment law in the United States does not forbid police officers from denying that they are police. It is more concerned with enticing people to commit crimes they would not, in the normal course of events, have considered. This is an error that is frequently seen in movies – or perhaps it is just that films are realistically depicting people who believe the myth – though I doubt it.

Thanks to : http://listverse.com/2009/11/23/yet-another-10-commonly-believed-myths/

Seen last night on radio-canada at Découverte, a frech scientific tv show.

It was about plugin hybrid. What was intersting is at 1:51 when they make a flash back on the eletric wheel motor develop by TM4 at Hydro-Québec

Ha ji friend,

Here A new Topic……….Ya to sab ko hi pata ha na….kay baat ho na ho……Girl Fata fat Ro perti han………kiyon roty han…….challo Boyz aao in say pochtay han…..kay wo aisa kiyon kerti han….

NTRODUCTION TO MYANMAR

Myanmar is officially known as the Union of Myanmar. Earlier it was known as Burma. Then it regained its independence on 4th January in 1948 from the ule of UK. From that time Burma was renamed as the "Union of Burma".

LOCATION OF MYANMAR

Union of Myanmar is located in the Southeastern region of Asia. The bordering countries are People’s Republic of China on the northern side, Thailand on the southeastern side, Laos on the eastern region, Bangladesh on the western side and India on the northwestern region. On the south of Myanmar, flow the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal.

PHYSICAL MAP OF MYANMAR

Myanmar has been declared as the largest country in the southern region of Asia. Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea have formed a large coastal region in the couth of the country. On the other hand the Hengduan Shan Mountain ranges lie in the borderline between Myanmar and China. The highest elevation of the country is claimed by the peak Hkakabo Razi that rises almost 5,881 meters above the sea level. The three mountain chains that lie inside the territory of Myanmar are Rakhine Yoma, Bago Yoma, and Shan Plateau. There are also three rivers namely Ayeyarwady, Thanlwin, and Sittang.

PEOPLE OF MYANMAR

The total population of the country is almost 47,382,633. The major part of this huge population is covered by the Burmese people. The other minorities of the country include the Shan, Rakhine, Chinese, Karen, Mon, Indian and some other races. The official language of the country is Burmese. However Karen, Shan, Kachin etc are also widely spoken in Myanmar.

Information on Asia Continent

1) The length and breadth of a rectangle are in the ratio 3:2. Its area is 1350 square metres. What is its length ?
a)45m           b)40m            c)44m        d)None

2) A wire of length 132 cm is bent to form a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio 7:4. The area (in square cms)of the rectangle is
a)1010           b)1008            c)1000        d)None

3) The number of iron rods each of length 14 metres and diameter 2 cm that can be made out of 0.88 cubic metres of iron is
a)100           b)400            c)200        d)None

4) A tradesman by means of his false balance defrauds to the extent of 20% in  buying goods as well as by selling the goods. What percent does he gain on his outlay ?
a)42%           b)46%           c)40%        d)44%

5) A dishonest dealer professes to sell goods at the cost price but uses a weight of 800 gms per kg. What is his gain percent ?
a)25%           b)26%           c)30%        d)None

6) What is the single discount equal to discount series of 30%, 20% and 10% ?
a)58%           b)59.6%           c)59%        d)None

7) 62% of a number exceeds 49% of the same number by 260. What is 50% of the same number ?
a)1200           b)1500           c)1000        d)None

The height of a cylindrical vessal is 120 cm. If the height of the oil column in the vessal is 72 cm. What percent of total volume of the vessal is filled with oil ?
a)52%           b)58%           c)59%        d)60%

9) 40 boys can prepare 60 boxes in 24 days at 6 hours per day. How many more boys should be employed to prepare 150 boxes in 30 days at 8 hours per day ?
a)20           b)10           c)25        d)None

10) The volume and the curved surface area of a cylinder are 2816c.c and 704 cm², what is its radius ?
a)10cm           b)8cm           c)12cm        d)None

11) The diameters of two circles are in the ratio2:3. What is the ratio of their perimeters

a)1:2           b)1:3           c)2:3        d)None

12) After 9 years ‘A’ will be the twice what he was 3 years ago. What is the present age of A?
a)12           b)13           c)12        d)15

13) The average mark of 72 students in a class is 35. The average mark of passed student is 60 and that of failed students is 20. How many students passed the exam ?
a)27           b)30           c)20        d)None

14) What is the least number, that is perfect cube and contain 40 as a factor ?
a)1200          b)1000           c)1100        d)1500

15) In a class 50% of the students passed in physics, 70% passed in English and 15% failed in both physics and English. Find the pass percentage of the class ?
a)28%           b)30%           c)35%        d)None

16) The product of two integers is 1280 and their HCF is 8. The L.C.M of the two objects is
a)150           b)120           c)140        d)160

17) The area of a base of a cone is 30 cm^2. If the height of the cone is 6 cm. Find its volume.
a) 60 cm²           b)40 cm²            c)50 cm²         d)None

18) The slant height of a cone is 12 cm and radius of the base is 4 cm, find the curved surface of the cone?
a) 60 cm²           b)48 cm²            c)50 cm²         d)None

19) The curved surface of a sphere is 64 π cm^2. Find its radius
a) 6cm           b)5 cm            c)4cm        d)None

20) Find the ratio between whole surfaces of a sphere and a hemisphere.
a)2:3           b)5:3            c)1:2         d)4:3

21) How many shots of 1 cm radius can be prepared from a sphere of 3 cm radius.
a) 27          b)20            c)25         d)None

22) A circular park is surrounded by a circular path. The difference between the circumferences of the outer and inner circles is 88 m . What is the width of the path ?

a)10m           b)14 m            c)12m         d)None

23) Ram professes to sell his goods at the cost price but he made use of 900 gms instead 
of a kg. What is the gain percent ?
a)12(1/9)%           b)10(1/9)%            c)11(1/9)%        d)None

24) The surface area of a sphere is 616 cm². What is the surface area (in square cm) of the corresponding hemi-sphere ?
a)466 cm².           b)464 cm²            c)460 cm².         d)462 cm²

25) What is the area of the metal sheet required to make a hollow box dimensions 2m*1m*1.5m ?
a)13m²           b)14m²            c)16m²         d)None

Answers:
1)a        2)b        3)c      4)d     5)a

6)b        7)c       8)d      9)a    10)b

11)c      12)d    13)a     14)b    15)c

16)d    17)a     18)b     19)c    20)d

21)a    22)b     23)c    24)d    25)a

Vous êtes invité à la présentation des nouveautés de Solid Edge Synchronous Technology 2.

Venez voir les progrès formidables de Solid Edge avec Synchronous Technology 2. Joignez-vous à nous et découvrez comment Synchronous Technology peut considérablement améliorer votre processus de conception et comment les autres produits et services offerts par Designfusion peuvent réduire vos coûts et vous donner un avantage stratégique.

Québec

Montréal

Agenda:

Vous pouvez également vous inscrire en contactant Nathalie Tremblay au 1-877-722-8003 ou ntremblay@designfusion.com

Look at Jason Newell web site to see  example of the JT2GO viewer (ActiveX viewer control in a web page)

http://www.jt2go.com/ for a complete information about the product.

two three

It is look like someone manage to make mouse gesture work inside Solid Edge…..

In case you have some interest on the subject, here a link  feel free to add any comment pointing to similar application

http://www.tcbmi.com/strokeit/downloads.shtml

http://www.handform.net/gmote.php

While we are on the subject of mouse gesture ( once you view the video pay a visit to www.bumptop.com

Cubedesktop

Mathematics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns,^[2][3] formulate new conjectures, and establish truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions.^[4]

There is debate over whether mathematical objects such as numbers and points exist naturally or are human creations. The mathematician Benjamin Peirce called mathematics “the science that draws necessary conclusions”.^[5] Albert Einstein, on the other hand, stated that “as far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.”^[6]

Through the use of abstraction and logical reasoning, mathematics evolved from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects. Practical mathematics has been a human activity for as far back as written records exist. Rigorous arguments first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid’s Elements. Mathematics continued to develop, in fitful bursts, until the Renaissance, when mathematical innovations interacted with new scientific discoveries, leading to an acceleration in research that continues to the present day.^[7]

Today, mathematics is used throughout the world as an essential tool in many fields, including natural science, engineering, medicine, and the social sciences. Applied mathematics, the branch of mathematics concerned with application of mathematical knowledge to other fields, inspires and makes use of new mathematical discoveries and sometimes leads to the development of entirely new disciplines. Mathematicians also engage in pure mathematics, or mathematics for its own sake, without having any application in mind, although practical applications for what began as pure mathematics are often discovered later.^[8]

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