Define Image?
An image may be defined as two dimensional light intensity function f(x, y)
where x and y denote spatial co-ordinate and the amplitude or value of f at any point
(x, y) is called intensity or grayscale or brightness of the image at that point.

2. What is Dynamic Range?
The range of values spanned by the gray scale is called dynamic range of an
image. Image will have high contrast, if the dynamic range is high and image will have
dull washed out gray look if the dynamic range is low.
3. Define Brightness?
Brightness of an object is the perceived luminance of the surround. Two objects
with different surroundings would have identical luminance but different brightness.
4. Define Tapered Quantization?
If gray levels in a certain range occur frequently while others occurs rarely, the
quantization levels are finely spaced in this range and coarsely spaced outside of it. This
method is sometimes called Tapered Quantization.
5. What do you meant by Gray level?
Gray level refers to a scalar measure of intensity that ranges from black to grays
and finally to white.
6. What do you meant by Color model?
A Color model is a specification of 3D-coordinates system and a subspace within
that system where each color is represented by a single point.
7. List the hardware oriented color models?
1. RGB model
2. CMY model
3. YIQ model
4. HSI model

8. What is Hue of saturation?
Hue is a color attribute that describes a pure color where saturation gives a
measure of the degree to which a pure color is diluted by white light.
9. List the applications of color models?
1. RGB model— used for color monitor & color video camera
2. CMY model—used for color printing
3. HIS model—-used for color image processing
4. YIQ model—used for color picture transmission

10. What is Chromatic Adoption?
`  The hue of a perceived color depends on the adoption of the viewer. For example,
the American Flag will not immediately appear red, white, and blue of the viewer has
been subjected to high intensity red light before viewing the flag. The color of the flag
will appear to shift in hue toward the red component cyan.
11. Define Resolutions?
Resolution is defined as the smallest number of discernible detail in an image.
Spatial resolution is the smallest discernible detail in an image and gray level resolution
refers to the smallest discernible change is gray level.
12. What is meant by pixel?
A digital image is composed of a finite number of elements each of which has a
particular location or value. These elements are referred to as pixels or image elements or
picture elements or pels elements.

13. Define Digital image?
When x, y and the amplitude values of f all are finite discrete quantities , we call
the image digital image.

14. What are the steps involved in DIP?
1. Image Acquisition
2. Preprocessing
3. Segmentation
4. Representation and Description
5. Recognition and Interpretation

15. What is recognition and Interpretation?
Recognition means is a process that assigns a label to an object based on the
information provided by its descriptors.
Interpretation means assigning meaning to a recognized object.

16. Specify the elements of DIP system?
1. Image Acquisition
2. Storage
3. Processing
4. Display
17. Explain the categories of digital storage?
1. Short term storage for use during processing.
2. Online storage for relatively fast recall.
3. Archical  storage for infrequent access. 18. What are the types of light receptors?
The two types of light receptors are
1.  Cones and
2.  Rods
19. Differentiate photopic and scotopic vision?

Photopic vision  Scotopic vision
1. The human being can resolve
the fine details with these cones
because each one is connected to
its own nerve end.
2. This is also known as bright
light vision.
Several rods are connected to
one nerve end. So it gives the
overall picture of the image.

This is also known as thin light
vision.

20. How cones and rods are distributed in retina?
In each eye, cones are in the range 6-7 million and rods are in the range 75-150
million.

actress and pianist of ONCE movie…

actor and guitarist of ONCE movie…

I’m back with a Modern Warfare 2 signature I cooked up just today.

I just got a Modern Warfare 2 wallpaper, resized it, added quite an amount of brushes and converted the entire image into grayscale. I then added the text, took ages positioning it and added some more effects. I’m quite happy with the result, and I think it’s my best signature so far.

Suggestions, comments?

I’m not very experienced with Photoshop really, but feel free to criticize my works as long as you have reasons and ideas for improving my works. Thanks for viewing and reading.

Photographers no longer have to spend time using nasty chemicals to bring special tones to black and white images. Here is a selection of some available standards:

It is also possible to give color photographs a wonderful aged look:

Original Color Image

Creative Aged Photo

The black and white version of below, just for the sake of seeing it together…

Here’s an interestingly simple animation I created to use as an avatar. I think the title for this post [ ] has a pimple with the font I used to make it…that was not intentional. Seriously.

I made it in the Game Maker built in paint software, then blended it together with GIMP. That’s about it, I think…I’ll announce a new game prototype soon. Sorry for not posting in so long, I’ve been really busy with exams and stuff. Yes, I said stuff. I’m not in English class right now, so it’s my right as an American citizen to say that.

-Nathan Wood [turboRamble]

Our latest addition to the iTunes App Store, MonoPhix Monochrome App for iPhone is getting an update within the next weeks. It’s the first of the -Phix apps that will be updated to version v2.0. But MonoPhix carries this tag with pride bringing a total of 15 changes and new features.

In MonoPhix 2.0, iphoneographers will be able to control the output of their Monochrome pictures completely. Where other apps only enable you to change the contrast settings, MonoPhix v2.0 will enable you to set highlights and shadow intensity. In this way you can make simple grayscale images with incredibly bright clear parts or adjust the sliders to make beautiful Monochrome images of pictures taken in all conditions. All changes can be previewed using a thumbnail.

Another major change is the absence of the Hard Mono and normal Grayscale features, these can now be accomplished by setting the slider in the right position with or without a little help from 4 preset settings. The missing buttons have been replaced by buttons to enable Sepia and Antique filters using the same depth and sliders which you use to make monochrome images.

Other changes include a significantly smaller filesize, a more logical save dialog and faster Monochrome filters provided by a major upgrade to the MonoCore engine.

But pictures say more than 1000 words (here are some pictures edited with MonoPhix v2.0 Release Candidate 1) :

MonoPhix v2.0 Monochrome example

Another MonoPhix Monochrome example - "Light at the end of the tunnel"

MonoPhix v2.0 Sepia example - Antique Fields

Another Sepia example which shows the right grain balance - Scratched Snow

Final example : Sepia - Monaco Train Station

Screenshots will be posted at release, MonoPhix v2.0 will be submitted to the App Store when all Beta testers approve of its quality.

I love this building, it is amazing!

Since Apple changed its App Store policy, only front-paging “new” Applications instead of new and updated ones, we can no longer benefit from updates, so we are going to start a new tradition of acquaintance offers. In this way people can get acquainted with new or less popular apps, which are still pretty decent.

The acquaintance offers this time are MonoPhix and GrayPhix. Here a small summary :

-MonoPhix v1.1 :
Category : Photography
Normal Price : 0.99$ (Now Free!)
Description :
With MonoPhix you can create Monochrome images from your pictures with one touch. Even advanced image editing apps on your mac/pc require multiple filters and adjustments to create these high depth and high quality monochrome images.
Download Link

-GrayPhix v1.3 :
Category : Photography
Normal Price : 0.99$ (Now Free!)
Description :
GrayPhix is the most impressive grayscaling app available for iPhone and iPod Touch and is optimized to handle even the largest images directly on your iPhone.You will even be able to simulate camera flash for your grayscale images taken in a dark or twilight environment.
Download Link

Get them while they’re still hot!

New image in the stripes photography contest

Canon Digital Rebel XT, ISO 400, f4.5 @ 1/250 sec, EFS 17-85mm lens. Original colour image converted to B&W in Photoshop. …
Grayscale Greyhound photography picture

A relatively rare live performance by Nice Monster is upcoming at the new Naked Lounge location at 11th and H in downtown Sacramento.

For anyone that has visited the 15th and Q location, you know this is going to be a great place with friendly service, unparalleled quality coffee, and fun times. Details:

11/20/2009 8:00 PM at Naked Lounge (the new one!)
11th and H, downtown Sacramento, Sacramento, California 95814
Cost: Minimal
Nice Monster with Be Brave Bold Robot, Carly DuHain, and The Secret Lives of Squirrels!

Dari sini…

Ada gambar yang menarik…

http://deepskystudios.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/luma_img1.gif

Coba kalian save gambar diatas, lalu gunakan editor gambar seperti irfanView, Paint, atau Paint.Net, dan rubahlah gambar tersebut menjadi grayscale. Keseluruhan gambar tersebut akan berubah menjadi satu warna, abu2. Geje memang, tapi menurut saya hal ini cukup menarik.

Rahasianya adalah warna-warna yang digunakan, dengan menggunakan palete tertentu sehingga jika dibuat menjadi grayscale (sederhananya sih menyamaratakan R G dan B) akan sama semua.

Katanya sih ini pernah dipakai untuk semacam antipembajakan untuk printed books dahulu kala.

Gimana menurut kalian? =D

Retouch tool not working with grayscale images Apple said this is not officially supported or designed for that.

It is hard to tell the difference of graduation between 4B, 6B and 9B with a photograph of the grayscale.
The 4B seems to slide easier over the page than the 9B. Yet the darkest is richest with the 9B.

Pencil: Faber Castell Pitt Graphite Pure 2900 9B, Faber Castell Pitt Graphite Pure 2900 6B, Mitsubishi Hi Uni 4B

Photographs © Rick Sammon

Image and Post by Rick Sammon – Follow Rick Sammon on Twitter

Scott and I really enjoy the questions we get for our PhotoFocus podcast! Great fun and good learning.

Recently, a listener wrote, “Why not use Convert to Grayscale in Photoshop when making a B&W image?”

Well, here are six reasons why you should use the Black and White Adjustment (bottom left image) rather than Convert to Grayscale (top right image): Using the sliders in the Black and White adjustment panel, you can individually control the tones in an image: Reds, Yellows, Greens, Cyans, Blues and Magentas. What’s more, with the Black and White Adjustment, you can add a Tint, change the Hue and adjust the Saturation!

Here is a seventh reason: Grayscale images look flat.

And here is another reason: You can have a lot more fun with the Black & White Adjustment.

Oh yeah, you really should create your B&W images in ACR (Adobe Camera RAW 5.3) – where you have control over: Reds, Oranges, Yellows, Greens, Aquas, Blues, Purples and Magentas. As always, do as much work (and have as much fun) in ACR before you move into Photoshop.

Hey, the listener asked about Photoshop, and not ACR . . . or Lightroom or Aperture