It’s the first of December, only 25 days until the supposed birth of Jesus Christ. Since I don’t believe he was the son of god or divine in any way,I’ll post  an alternative advent calendar.

Day 1

Even the most peaceful of religions can be capable of gross barbarity. On the 24th Nov the hindu festival of Gadhimai got underway. 250,000 animals are butchered in honour of the hindu goddess of power. Obviously animal welfare activists are up in arms about it. It could be seen as another of religions cruel, needless, excesses. Guardian, 24th Nov 2009

The scene above is taken from a different festival earlier this year. Maar Festival.

However, contrast this with the amount Turkey’s which will die this christmas in England alone. 11,000,000!

Yes 11 million turkeys which have been breed in horrific conditions purely for our fat greedy bellies. Take a look at this link, Talking Turkeys, and see if you find your planned christmas dinner as palatable.

Day III Part II

Mei walked back into Tee’s room, who had now changed into an orange sari. She looked angry.

“It’s started hasn’t it Mei? Why aren’t the rest of you out with Mei and Adam taking pictures of Ba? GO! Take loads of pictures! Stop standing around” she snapped.

Mei was a bit hurt she hadn’t even got a friendly hello, and had to tell herself it was because Bridezilla and stress were finally making an appearance. The other three seemed to take it personally though, and trudged out of Tee’s room following Mei to the main part of the blessing area. Mei had to sit down though, and let Adam take responsibility of taking the pictures. She felt a dull pain in her back. Surely she wasn’t going to get a visit from Aunt Flo two weeks early? She prayed to anyone listening in her head to stop this from happening and had to play the waiting game to see if they were answered.

Adam walked upstairs to the eating area, and began to take pictures from a birds-eye view. Mei watched and waved. She had the quirky habit of always waving and trying to get into the background of pictures. She always managed to amuse herself by the reactions the photographs got once people had realised she was there waving.

Nerissa seemed stressed out that she had to take additional pictures, so she gave the camera to Chen, who looked paler than usual. “My stomach feels odd”

“Maybe it’s because we only had fruit for breakfast? Go into the kitchen and ask for food? I’ll come with you if you like?” Mei patted Chen on the shoulder. It was all she could do. She was in so much pain herself. Her dull pain felt like someone was having a party on her spine now.

A young girl dressed in red with a tray on her head walked through the crowd that had formed around Ba. He had just walked away after being blessed with small flowers thrown at him. The girl walked to the family’s shrine and bent down. She placed the tray on the ground and everyone closed in around her. A man asked Mei if she knew what was going on, then went on to explain that they were blessing the couple as Tee’s mother Amelia was moved to the tray while being told to place an offering. A candle was then lit as other women went along and did the same thing.

Mei took Adam’s hand and they walked towards the kitchen. Dan had told them to just ask the ladies for food, and their wish would be commanded. Adam asked, and at once felt weird. “I don’t want to be putting them out”. He especially felt that way because the women were giving him supposed strange looks and were talking in hushed tones to each other. Mei was about to feel the same when she was pushed down on to a chair by the old woman that Adam had danced with the night before. Chen appeared at the door way and sat down next to Mei. “If you eat you might feel better” Mei said as she passed Chen a plate.

A mountain of rice as well as four different types of curried food arrived promptly at the table. Chen and Adam received extra chilli as the obligatory Coke and bottled water were poured out too. They ate heartily, with Chen taking another portion for herself. She then excused herself to the toilet and said she was going to go back into Tee’s room. Dan and Janet passed by then, they seemed to have become best friends instantly. They laughed while they teased each other and Nerissa followed behind on their way to Tee’s room. Mei wanted to see what was happening upstairs though. As she left the kitchen area, she was shocked. The main area was packed! Around two hundred people were sitting down, and another three hundred were expected! Mei and Adam fought their way upstairs, to where one table was placed to the side. On top were the small spicy potato foods and samosas from the previous day, as well as other sweets. Mei took a bite of what she thought was a vegetarian sausage. It was a sweet. She grimaced and plopped it on to Adam’s plate. The rest of the food on the table were sweets.

Adam was offered Mauritian whiskey and beer, but declined due to the heat and Mei’s questioning. Mei hadn’t seen the others in a while, and so walked to Tee’s room. There was a massive crowd in all the corridors though, so they decided to just sit down in the kitchen. On their journey, they peered into a window, and saw that Tee was now being blessed in the same way as Ba was. As the room was tiny with limited ventilation though, it was incredibly hot. Mei guessed this since all the women in the room were wiping sweat from their faces, and the fact that there was a medium sized fire in front of Tee to do with her purification. Whenever Adam took a picture of Tee, he had to put his arm into the room to get a good angle. The heat was immense. Nerissa, Janet and Chen all spotted Adam and Mei staring at Tee at the window and took pictures of them. Mei waved at Chen, but she was sitting down looking uncomfortable. Janet and Nerissa looked like they had an ordeal to go through, having to take Tee’s photographs for her as well.

The blessing of Tee took around forty minutes, with Dan bringing a fan into the room yet again. Tee was sitting on the floor listening to instructions from a holy man. Her step father, mother and grandfather all blessed her, but her nine year old sister didn’t want to. Her tiny body was fatigued from the long flight and limited rest she had just experienced and wanted to sleep. She had no idea what was going on, and why she wasn’t allowed to go out and play. Dan snuck up on Mei and scared her. She hit him playfully and he told them to go in to the room because some of the women had played their part and were leaving.

Mei and Adam shuffled into the room. Tee held a leaf with fire on it in her hand. She circled it round a few times and gave it back to the holy man. One of Ba’s female relatives was sitting next to her, whispering what was going on.

“All this just because she wants to get married” Janet said in an audible whisper.

Chen, Adam and Mei all stared at each other. Did she just say that? Janet carried on taking photos of Tee while the others were in total shock. What was the point of flying all the way to Mauritius if she was just going to make comments like that? Janet and Nerissa were supposed to be Tee’s best friends. Even though Chen seemed to get paler by the second, she shook her head in disgust. The heat got too much, and Janet gave Tee’s camera to Chen and left the room.

After the holy man had blessed and purified Tee, she was helped up on to a small stool. She was in slight pain after having been on the floor for so long. Married women were then invited to bless her. They were easily identifiable by the orange line they had drawn in their partings. Tee’s hands were pulled in front of her and positioned to hold rice. On top of this, a gold bangle was placed in the middle of it. The women picked up rice in the middle of the bangle, holding some in both hands and tapping them on Tee’s head, shoulders, knees and hands. After this, the rice was removed from Tee’s hands and the same women applied turmeric to her face and shoulders. Chen misheard the instructions and kept asking how many times they had to bless Tee. “Three times” replied Mei.

“But I saw that woman do it five times!” hissed Chen

“It doesn’t matter anyway! We’re not married!”

“What does that have to do with it” snapped Chen

“For God’s sakes Chen, we don’t have to bless her because we aren’t married! Calm the hell down!” Mei’s temper was rising. Chen never listened.

Tee’s face was scrunched up. She was trying not to laugh that her face had turned yellow due to some of the womens’ over zealous purifying attempts with the turmeric. She smiled and laughed with them all, and then left the room to wash her face. She was now not allowed to leave that room unless she was assisted, lest she saw Ba wondering around. If Tee was a local, she would have had her own house to stay in. This was plainly not the case though, and so the girls vowed to keep her company. Everyone cleared out of the room so that the sofa and chairs could be placed back in. Only Chen, Nerissa and Janet could fit in though, and so Mei and Adam went outside again.

A few more hundred people had arrived now. It was Ba’s turn for the turmeric blessing on stage. This time, all the married men were up blessing him as his mother sat by him. It took all of her might to push through the thronging crowd with most people staring at the ‘exotic’ English people. Mei stood near the entrance next to an extremely skinny girl and Helen, while Adam took pictures of Ba and his relatives.

“Have you been to Mauritius before?” the skinny girl asked Mei.

“Oh no. It’s very nice and hot though!”

“Have you been to an Indian wedding before?”

“Nope!”

“It’s very long! My name is Keira by the way. What Is yours?”

“Mei.”

“Hello! Helen and I have to stand here and greet everyone. Namaste, Namaste all day! Everyone keeps coming in! We even have to say Namaste to people we don’t even like!” Helen nodded in agreement.

Adam came over and was promptly introduced to Keira. They all nattered for a bit, and Mei tried saying Namaste to people who looked bemused as they said it back to her. Mei’s back pain then decided to pop up again.

“Hey man! You two wanna go for a walk! I’ll take you for a walk!” Shan had come from outside

Adam started to follow Shan while Helen scowled after him. Mei wanted Adam to stay with her. She knew she was being unreasonable, but her back really hurt, and she didn’t want to go back into Tee’s room just yet. Everyone was so quiet there! Tee was also busy saying ‘hello’ to everyone who wanted to meet the future bride too.

Mei chased after Adam and tried to hint that she didn’t want him to go for a walk.

“It’s dark Ad.”

“It’s only a short walk!”

He wasn’t getting the hint. Mei tried a few more times, then tried to guilt trip him,

“Oh okay. I’ll just stay here then and wait for you when you go off and leave me here”

“Okay Mei. See you later!”

“Come on you guys!” Shan called from outside.

Why wasn’t Adam understanding that Mei wanted him to stay? She tutted and turned round.

“Mei! Look, it’s all right I’ll stay!”

Unfortunately, it was in Mei’s nature to change her mind at will.

“No, no. It’s fine, you go with Shan and I’ll find Tee” she smiled warmly at him. She wanted him to have fun.

Adam was sure he was going to stay to make Mei happy however, which was interrupted every so often with Shan asking him to hurry up. Mei could not believe that this was going to happen in Mauritius after only one day. She tried to keep her cool while Adam lost his. The argument ended with Adam walking away in a huff and Shan trying to calm him down.

OH.MY.GOD was all Mei could think. She could have turned green from embarrassment. She rushed inside holding back her tears smiling at everyone who made eye contact with her. An elderly man handed her a yoghurt and she nodded in thanks and went to the kitchen. Here, she met Angelica, an eight year old girl who took an instant liking to her. While Mei tried to answer all her questions without telling her to go away, Adam appeared. She cringed at the thought of what he had said to Shan. She only felt anger towards him at this point. She pretended to be in an in-depth conversation with Angelica. “Please Mei?”

After establishing what each others favourite colours and animals were, as children do, Angelica ran away. Now Mei was faced with Adam. She saw Tee’s room and ran for the door and shut it in Adam’s face. Chen looked awful. “You okay Chen?” Chen nodded at Mei. Nerissa and Janet had gone to find food. Dan seemed quiet without Janet to talk to.

Adam walked into the room after a few seconds and sat next to Mei who promptly moved next to Tee’s step dad Mark and Chen. Janet and Nerissa came back with piles of food and sat down. Mei was given a goody bag by Vin of sweets from upstairs. Adam stared at Mei throughout making puppy-dog eyes trying to apologise. Mei was having none of it. She was in pain, grumpy, embarrassed and just wanted to have a good time. Was it that hard? She stayed for an hour in the room, and left to get some water. Adam dutifully followed her and spent a good ten minutes apologising. Mei broke and accepted it and asked Adam to do a multitude of things for her which he did without complaint. They walked back into Tee’s room which had emptied considerably. Dan had gone to get food, while Tee’s family had gone to sort her younger sister Tina out who had had a tantrum after having had no sleep.

“Oh! Could someone please find Dan for me, I need to get my phone from Ba’s room!” Tee asked.

Everyone went silent.

“I’ve been doing everything!” Nerissa said nicely. She really was a wolf in sheep’s clothing.

“I took all the pictures and I’ve just sat down!” Janet said matter of factly.

“Fine! I’ll go! I’m really ill though” Chen said faintly. “I’ll go with you” said Mei.

No one cared that Chen was ill. She looked thoroughly annoyed. She asked Dan’s brother Paul if he had seen him, while Chen asked a few other people where Dan was. No one knew. They came back and told Tee she had to wait until they found him. She didn’t look impressed, but half smiled so that she didn’t seem annoyed. “Can I do anything for you Chen?” Mei asked. Chen shook her head and swallowed some water. “Everything hurts”. Mei had no idea what to do, nor did Chen.

They stayed with Tee for a few hours talking and eating bits and pieces. Mei questioned Adam what he said to Shan. Apparently nothing, just that he had gotten angry. Mei didn’t know whether to believe him. She just hoped that he wouldn’t be a drama queen any more.

“It’s really hot in here Chen, do you want to go for a walk with me and Adam?”

“It’s okay, I’ll stay here. I need to go to the loo anyway.”

“Are you sure?” Chen nodded again and filled up her glass with more water. She didn’t want anyone to be crowding around her.

The main area was a stark contrast to what it was like a mere hour ago. Only fifty people were there, and a band had been set up. The tourist guide’s brother roughly grabbed Mei by the wrist and shouted FIRE!!! at her face. She responded by screaming back at him and dancing. She laughed profusely, he seemed like fun. Vin got Adam to dance too, with Dan running away to stop Adam pulling him in too. They danced for twenty minutes, and then the band with the crazy lead singer took a break for fifteen minutes.

“Oh! Boooo!”

“They’re just taking a break!” sniggered Helen.

Mei loved dancing with these people! They were so much fun! Once the band had come back, everyone started shouting out “SEGA! SEGA! SEGA!”

“It is a Mauritian dance! I shall teach you!” Vin told Adam and Mei to put their hands on their hips, and to move it very intricately as if it had a million points to it. All the Mauritians did this with ease, even the ‘Fire’ man! Mei watched Adam do it awkwardly and imagined she didn’t look much better herself. It was like playing with a tiny hula hoop. The music was fun though! Mei wondered how many calories she had burnt after dancing to the music. She couldn’t stop moving! It was amazing. She pretended she was running, as that was what everyone else seemed to be doing. Obviously not, but the girl needed help! All the middle-aged men loved Adam and made merry with him while patting him on the back for trying.

Mei needed to stop though. An hour of non stop dancing was killing her feet! She sat down next to Dan, while being joined by Adam and two other men. One asked Adam something in French. Adam had no clue as to what he was saying and so just smiled.

“You dance?” he asked Adam.

“Later” Adam smiled.

The man said something in French and Adam continued to smile.

“Why are you answering me if you can’t speak French?”

A silence ensued as Adam said ‘What?’ a lot of times to everyone. Dan said something in French as well as the other man.

“Why are you speaking to me if you can’t speak French?”

“You asked me if I wanted to dance, and so I said later” Adam said, the smile wiped from his face.

Dan quickly said something in French and the man gave Adam a dirty look and turned around.

Adam looked totally clueless. Mei was flustered. Adam could stand up for himself well normally, what was he doing now! Dan told him not to worry, and before the music started again, informed Mei that Chen was really ill. Mei walked back to Tee’s room, and found the girls’ sitting outside in deathly silence.

“Chen, you okay?”

“I’m going to stay here tonight. I feel awful. I just had a paracetamol”

“Can I get anything for you? Are we staying here tonight too?”

Janet just shrugged her shoulders and glared at Mei.

“There’s nothing I can do for you?”

“No. I’m just going to sleep in a minute.”

Tee looked tired as well. “You four are going to stay at Richard’s house tonight. It’s down the road. Just ask his father when you want to go and he’ll take you. He’s staying here for a while tonight, so don’t worry about going late.”

Mei nodded and stared at Chen. She was staring at the floor and looked like death.

“Um.. Well.. I’ll go and dance then?” Nerissa and Janet stared at her intently for a moment longer, before Mei went down the stairs to dance with everyone else. Why was Janet being so rude? Just because she had to stay at a different house tonight! Mei felt selfish leaving Chen there, but Tee had said they were going to bed soon.

Dancing went on until the very early hours of the next day. Tee turned round and saw Janet looking daggers at her while whispering to Nerissa. Mei walked up to them and Dan said that Nerissa and Janet wanted to go.

“They can go then!” Mei chuckled. “Why are they waiting for us! They just have to find Richard’s Dad!”

Dan gave a smile as he had no idea what to say.

“Are we going then people!” Mei sang.

Janet shrugged her shoulders and said she was tired.

“I guess that’s a yes then?” Mei still sang. With another shrug of her shoulders Mei went off to say goodbye to Chen and Tee, who were playing with her computer on the floor. “Bye bye! Chen, you still alive?”

Chen nodded and said she just wanted to sleep. She was already in her pyjamas and drinking yet more dissolvable paracetamol.”See you tomorrow you two!”

They all said their goodbye’s and found Richard and his father. Dan spoke to Janet on the way to Richard’s house, which took all of one minute to walk to. Richard’s father showed them where the shower was and excused himself as he went back to Ba’s house for more dancing. Dan teased Janet a bit more and left too. In their room, were two double beds. One looked better than the other, and Mei could see Janet eyeing it up like a tasty snack.

“Adam and I will take the one by the window” Mei didn’t want to start an argument so just took the lumpy bed. Janet dumped her stuff and Nerissa’s on the nicer bed and got ready to sleep. Mei nodded to herself and got ready for bed in the bathroom.

“Is it okay if I just sleep in my boxers?” asked Adam.

Mei could not stop laughing, “Of course not! Janet will probably think you wanted to mount me in the night!”

“As if anyone could be that immature!”

Mei didn’t want Adam to be hot in the night, but she really did think that Janet and Nerissa would think that because a couple were sharing a bed, it would mean that ‘night time fun’ would take place. Once the lights were out, Mei was tossing, turning, tutting and moaning that it was too hot. She realised the squeak of the bed and her moaning would sound like something else, so whenever she did moan she did it louder so they could hear she was talking about the heat.

Mei could not sleep at all. Adam was sweating like a fat man and kept running to the toilet to take his inhaler. Mei assumed the other two were asleep, and hoped that they would not be woken up by his running around. As she finally drifted off to sleep, she could feel her whole body glowing with heat. No air conditioning in the room,and closed windows due to the mosquitoes meant that it was going to be a very long night for them all.

Mei’s hands stunk. So logically she sniffed them. Yup. They did stink. She opened her eyes and was greeting by her palms screaming at her in darkest brown. Even the orange of her arms had changed to a medium brown. Mei was impressed, no one else’s henna seemed to have morphed into such a deep colour.

There was a loud bang on the door, “are you up yet?” asked Chen.

“Yeah!” they both lied. They could hear the frying of eggs outside and were either late waking up, or everyone else had decided to wake up at the crack of dawn. The former was true as the clock read 11am.

“Morning!” Mei only got a return from Chen and awkward smiles from Nerissa and Janet. Mei wanted to laugh at how childish they were being, but she was too excited about Mauritius to let two idiots get in her way!

“Do you want a fried egg?” Nerissa asked.

“No thanks! I’ll just have the fruit!” Mei took a kiwi fruit and an orange to eat, steering clear of the apples. The day before, Adam had eaten one and then showcased his dramatic talents. It was as if he had eaten a human turd covered in vomit. Everyone else was eating them with no problem though, so Mei reasoned that he was going mad, or turning into Janet. Mei cut Chen’s fruit for her, then her own. She didn’t particularly like kiwi, but she wanted more to eat than an orange! As Adam walked in the room, he began grumbling about not liking kiwi fruit. Mei gave him a look to get him to stop complaining about every single thing, which he understood at once. Why were men so affected by man flu?

After feeding her pyjamas fruit juice more than her mouth, Mei flung herself into the shower before anyone else could. She would have easily got in first though, since there was never really any response from the others. She got changed into blue short shorts and a nearly see-through pom pom tunic finished off with a towel turban for her hair. Nothing had changed as she walked back into the living area, everyone was still around the table staring at empty plates, however Adam was watching TV with a Lemsip in his hand.

“Okay I’m finished! Who’s next!” Mei was greeted by silence, which was followed by more silence.

“Fine, I’ll go” Adam downed his Lemsip and went into the shower with mild annoyance. Mei was annoyed too, why couldn’t these girls make a decision! Weird. Mei was enjoying her holiday, and wanted to go back to Ba’s house to meet new people and try new foods!

“Ba texted me and said he’d be here at 2, so shall we get ready at 1 then?”

Chen didn’t know whether to wear the black or the blue dress, and didn’t really want to ask Nerissa and Janet their opinions, since they were too wrapped up in their own worlds.

“I’m going to get changed when I’m there, I don’t want to get sweaty in my dress” said Nerissa

“Yeah, my stuff is at Ba’s house. You should bring your passport to Ba’s house Mei, so that it’s safe” Janet directed this to the chair instead of Mei. Obviously Mei looked like a chair that day.

So, it transpired that only Mei, Adam and Chen were getting ready in the apartment. That was fine. Chen needed a hair-dryer after her shower so went into her room and asked Janet if she could borrow hers. Janet rolled her eyes, looked around, sighed and told Chen to “hold on”. Chen ‘held on’ for about a minute when finally Janet said, “yeah you can.”

Chen power walked to Mei’s room, “You will never guess what just happened!”

“What?”

“I just asked Janet if I could borrow her hair-dryer and she took about a minute after sighing to say I could!”

Mei cackled, “well, you did just ask if you could borrow her hair-dryer! That was a bit rude!” and cackled some more. Mei pondered why Janet was acting this way, but put it down to the heat. It made Mei act crazy sometimes too! Chen wasn’t impressed though, she found Adam and told him the same, which was answered with a grumble. Adam was calming down overtly it seemed! As long as no one got intimidated by him it was fine! He was not a large man, but he hated it when anyone acted like a prize idiot.

Chen plugged Janet’s hair-dryer in, used it in Mei’s room. She also turned her straighteners on so that she could sort of Mei’s hair. Mei was already regretting her decision to wear her hair long today. The heat was not her friend, and she could already imagine it sticking to her face and back no matter how little she moved. Both Mei and Chen straightened each others hair, after which Chen went back into her room to change. Mei was wearing a long black dress with red and teal flowers on them. It looked wonderful, but not on her. She had put on about three stones after losing her job and she thought she looked like a black hole, but bigger.

“Wow Mei! You look gorgeous!” Adam said sincerely while squeezing her.

Mei looked uncomfortable. How could anyone think that this was anything less than scary. She turned her nose up at herself and combed her hair. She was going to be faced with skinny Chen sooner or later, but as long as she didn’t look in a mirror she would be okay. Right on cue, Chen walked in with her revealing light blue dress and a grin on her face. “Oooo!” they said simultaneously. Chen twirled Mei’s hair and did the same with hers while she sorted out her face. Many pictures were taken of the two, and then the camera-man put on his suit and wondered if he could get another Lemsip for later.

2pm rolled by and no one arrived. Mei could see Janet was getting highly frustrated. They were fifteen minutes late now. This was fine, as Mei and Chen were still running around poking their faces to see if they looked acceptable for public exposure.

“Can one of you guys ring Ba and ask where they are?!” Janet droned

“They’re only fifteen minutes late! It’ll be fine” Mei replied with a wink

“I think we should get a taxi. They’re late. They’ve probably forgotten about us. We need to ring them”

“We don’t need a taxi silly! What’s the point” Mei hoped that Janet wasn’t serious. Mei had ignited something inside Adam though,

“LOOK. We don’t need a taxi Okay?! They said they’d be here at a certain time and they’re late. Don’t be so stupid” Ah, it was awkward silence time already.

Chen wanted to shout and agree with Adam, but she laughed silently to herself and Mei could have sworn she mouthed the word ‘madam’ at her. Mei wanted to keep everyone happy, so agreed to ring Ba.

“He said Shan would be here in twenty minutes with another cousin. They’re picking up Tee’s parents from the airport.”

Mei got a brisk nod in return and an upside down smile from Janet. Not even a thank you! Mei still persuaded herself that it was the heat that was making Janet cranky. She was glad when their door was knocked twenty minutes later by Shan and another of Ba’s relatives. Adam, Mei, Janet and Chen got into Shan’s car, while Nerissa went into the car in front with Tee’s parents and sister.

The journey was yet again in silence. Shan spoke to Adam, and Adam only. He was the type of man who viewed women as second class and only useful for looking good and producing babies. Mei and Chen took pictures of themselves at the back of the car, and Chen nearly lost an eye as Mei kept on pointing at everything she saw in excitement. Janet sat next to Chen in silence staring out the window.

As they all walked into the wedding tent, Mei and Chen felt incredibly over dressed compared to the other girls in their group. Yet again, people just stared. “Why are they staring?!” Chen asked defensively. Mei explained her theory, but Chen hated it when people stared at her. “Get used to it woman!” Mei chuckled. Mei wasn’t keen on getting stared at either, but there was nothing anyone could do to stop them. They all said hello to Ba’s family and Tee and went to sit in the outside bit of the house, all covered in the tent of course. There were now around two hundred chairs covered with white seat covers tied with golden ribbons. Josh walked in and noticed the four girls and Adam. “Wow! You two look great!” he smiled at Chen and Mei while shaking Adam’s hand. Adam disappeared to get into another suit because it was too hot, while the girls were ushered into the kitchen to eat. Chen got excited about this and ate everything she could get her hands on.

Mei was impressed that herself and Chen got compliments on their appearances, while Nerissa and Janet hadn’t. Janet had changed into a purple and white sari, while Nerissa opted to stay in a vest top and extremely short skirt showing off an awful lot of skin.

“Everyone keeps on looking at you Nerissa! It’s not fair! You have such long legs!” Janet commented

“It’s not my fault! I can’t hide them!” replied Nerissa

“Even Josh was chatting you up! You get all the attention!”

Nerissa smiled while Mei had a quizzical look on her face. When was Josh chatting Nerissa up? Had she missed out on a vital piece of gossip! The person Josh spoke to most was Adam, with a few snippets of conversation to all the girls. Did that mean he was flirting with them all? Mei wanted to comment, but let the twelve years old talk amongst themselves. Chen was too busy eating to notice what was going on.

When their meal was over, they wanted to hang out with Tee, but she was busy getting prepared for the first part of the purification and blessing ceremony. Chen, Nerissa and Janet decided to go on a walk, leaving Adam and Mei to themselves.

“That was nice of them!” Mei said as she held Adam’s hand and walked out to the white chairs again. She sat herself down and watched a holy man prepare the mini stage for Ba’s blessing later on in the day. Little children kept on running over to Mei to ask her her name and how old she was. They ran away straight away, “Ah, she’ll bring back more! She’ll tell the others that we’re not scary folk and we’ll have many tiny friends!”

Adam loved that Mei was always so optimistic about meeting new people. The tourist guide they had met last night arrived and boomed hello at them both, followed by his brother, a shorter version of himself. Ba’s mother came round with Coke for Mei and Adam and smiled as she wandered back into the house. A very cute baby was being held by a man with a chiselled jaw. He asked Mei and Adam the usual questions about how they were finding Mauritius and if they had been to an Indian wedding before.

“You, you look Irish. Are you from Ireland?” He questioned Mei.

“Nope! England, but my Dad is from Wales!”

“You look Irish though, or Polish. I used to live in Ireland so I know”

“No no, Welsh and Chinese -Irish? – No Wel-” Mei gave up, she was obviously Irish and she didn’t know it.

Nicole motioned for Mei and Adam to come up the stairs into her room, as everyone had congregated there with Tee. “I’m Irish!” Mei proudly told Chen. “What? I don’t understand..?” Mei explained her story to Chen, and thought how angry Chen would get if she was called another race. Chen hadn’t understood that these people were just trying to be friendly, not racist or rude!

Tee’s henna had set by now, and was dressed in a purple sari. Louise was doing her make up, while her adoring fans took photographs of her. The room was incredibly small and crowded. It felt like a sauna, but brightly decorated. Mei took a few pictures and then left the room. As she walked outside, a blessing ceremony with Ba had begun to take place. She called for Adam to bring her camera and started to take pictures of a holy man chanting at Ba. Ba was kneeling on the mini stage and winked at Adam. The purification process had started.

Day II Part II

The silence made the journey seem even longer than it was. Mei wanted to say so much more, but resisted as she knew her questions would always be answered by silence. She felt the back of her dress sticking to Chen’s knees as the humidity of the car reached its peak. Before the dresses were changed into a different colour, Ba pulled in to a massive marquee with a few men wandering in and out. As Mei got out of the car and walked into the marquee she was dumb struck. The whole of Ba’s house was covered in a massive tent. The colour scheme was blue, gold and cream with white fairy lights twinkling everywhere. They were draped on trees and the ceiling of the tent. It was like nothing they had seen before. Mei immediately wanted this for her future wedding, whenever that would be!

Ba walked everyone up some concrete stairs to the roof of the house which had been converted into an eating area. This was still in the process of being built, but was a large area in which to fit at least twenty large round tables in. Ba told everyone that Tee was waiting for them. To get to Tee though, they had to walk through a room which was filled with elderly women who were singing and chanting. Naturally, everyone was nervous and refused to be the first one into the room. Annoyed that everyone was refusing to budge, Ba stated “It’s the tradition that all the girls have to go in first”. Mei laughed at his poor attempt to make herself and the others walk in first, so with a roll of her eyes walked in and was greeted with twenty pairs of eyes staring at her. She smiled with her teeth and nodded in respect to them. Tee’s voice welcomed them in as they approached her room.

Tee was sitting on a brown sofa with Ba’s sister Louise, who was putting henna on to Tee’s arms and feet, but the chore was taking an exceptionally long time as Tee kept on moving, and the designs were intricately detailed. Before Mei could stare for any longer, Ba called them all out of Louise’s room. “This is my mother!” A short woman hugged Chen, Nerissa, Janet, Mei and Adam and mimed the eating gesture towards them. They shuffled into a busy kitchen and sat down by a plastic table filled with flies and empty dishes.

“What was strong boy’s name again?” asked Mei

“Dan, but I think they were lying about how his name is pronounced.” replied Nerissa “His Indian name sounds like fish…and that Shan guy..his Indian name sounds like shit!”

Mei was surprised at Nerissa’s ignorance. Had she not realised that names weren’t going to be the English norm here? She wondered what the Mauritians thought of the name Nerissa, and if it sounded like anything ‘weird’ in their language. No one replied to Nerissa’s speech, so she just smiled awkwardly and made comments about how it was uncomfortable that everyone was staring at her. Nerissa was right in this respect. People were staring at her, but not just her. A few children were staring unashamedly at the five of them. Mei believed it was because they had never seen a ‘white’ person before, especially as some of the children were so young and lived in Southern Mauritius, where not many tourists ventured.

Ba’s mother brought out a huge bowl of rice and placed it in front of everyone, forgetting to give Adam a spoon. After laughing to herself about this, she fetched him one and brought out lentil curry, spinach and curried kidney beans.

“For three days, eat no meat. Then Monday can eat meat! I order 20 pounds chicken!” Ba’s father told them, “Bon appétit!”

Mei was fine with this, as long as the food tasted this good she didn’t care about not having any meat. Chen and Adam inhaled their food and grabbed another portion.

“Oh my God Chen! You eat so much!” Janet griped.

Chen just stared at Janet and helped herself to more. She didn’t care at all. She had lost nearly three stones and would eat what she jolly well liked on holiday! Mei smirked and carried on eating as quickly as a snail. Janet looked Chen up and down and gave her a filthy look. Mei wanted to comment that Janet was much bigger than Chen, but decided to hold her tongue. She had no idea why Janet was acting so superior, as Nerissa had scooped another serving for herself without any judgement.

“Coca?” Ba’s mother asked, as she carried in three bottles of coke. There seemed to be a never-ending supply of the brown liquid.

As the plates were cleared away, Ba bounded into the room, “Mei, this is my cousin Helen, she can do your henna for you!”

A fairly large girl with a friendly face walked into the kitchen and said she would do Mei’s henna after she had finished with the queue of others who were waiting for her. Mei smiled and sipped her Coke. The five of them sat around waiting for a while, not moving at all. Mei suggested they walk around and nose around the different rooms and to see the chanting women, but Janet wanted to stay put. Forty minutes later, Mei kept on darting into another room to check if Helen had finished the henna for the others. Unfortunately she hadn’t so Mei forcefully asked everyone to go to Tee’s room because she’d be bored on her own. She hadn’t met for it to come out that forcefully, but she wanted to move around rather than staying put looking out-of-place.

All the chairs were scraped under the table and off they went to see Tee. As they entered the room, the heat gave them all an unfriendly welcome. The opened window didn’t help at all. On the ceiling were pink and gold balloons stuck on by cellotape at the bulb part. Some balloons had shrivelled up in a comical way, being unused to being stuck in such a fashion. Dan, who seemed to be the general whipping boy dragged in six chairs and a fan for the room. Everyone uncomfortably sat down, not saying anything. Tee wondered why no one was talking, but Mei started soon enough. She started to complain about not having her henna done. She was immensely jealous that everyone else had henna done, and her hands were still naked and white.

“Apparently, an old tradition says that the longer and darker the henna stays on for, the more your husband will love you” Tee told them.

“Ooo” Chen, Nerissa and Janet said as they compared their brown and orange hands.

Small talk filled the room for twenty minutes as for some reason everyone had run out of things to say. Thankfully, Helen walked in and smiled at Mei. Louise moved to the other side of the sofa and motioned Mei to sit next to Tee to get her henna done. Mei plonked herself down and held out her hands. She watched a younger girl doing the henna of her friend, while repeatedly making mistakes. Mei hoped that they wouldn’t stain her hands, regardless if the mistakes were being rubbed off or not. Helen worked quickly on Mei’s hand with an elaborate design of flowers and dots, one of which looked like an elephant! Helen swirled the flowers on to both of Mei’s fourth fingers and smiled at Mei. Mei wasn’t sure if this was friendly or a judgement that she was getting this done. Mei told herself to stop being so paranoid and before beginning a simple conversation with Helen, found that her mouth was being stuffed by spicy potatoes and samosas by some of the Aunties. Of course, cameras were at the ready for this. Tee went through the same as well, due to her hands being wet too. As Helen moved on to Mei’s right hand, her left hand was already beginning to crack. Janet moaned that Chen had been too impatient and had began to peel her henna off almost immediately the day before. This would have been fine, but instead of a simple sentence, Janet continued for a long while.

As Helen finished Mei’s henna, Mei looked at Chen and Nerissa’s hands and wished all her fingers had been decorated too. Mei thanked Henna maybe a few too many times and showed off her artwork to Chen. Chen had to tell Mei that she didn’t have the same as herself and the others because her design was so much more intricate and it would look messy if there was too much art on her fingers. Mei agreed, but still wanted it! Chen fed Mei some samosas then laughed at Mei’s inability to do anything with her wet hands.

“Hi, I’m Josh” a thin boy wearing glasses carrying Pearoni (Pear juice) and beer said behind Mei. Mei nearly jumped, what was wrong with her peripheral vision! “Beer?” he asked Adam. He opened the beer bottle with the lid of the Pearoni. “Wow!” exclaimed Adam, “You HAVE to teach me how to do that!” Josh poured the frothy beer into a see through pink plastic cup and it disappeared down his throat in an instance. He moved Dan out of his chair and sat himself near to Nerissa and Adam. Dan hovered around and got himself another chair from outside.

Josh could speak English fairly fluently, so they all chatted about their visit to Mauritius and the upcoming nuptials. Suddenly, the chanting had changed into something much louder in the other room. Being too nosey for life, Mei got up and peered into the other room followed by Adam and Chen. The old women now had instruments such as drums and an assortment of Indian instruments. A few were dancing in the middle and called for them to dance with them. Chen and Mei squealed back into Tee’s room and shut the door. No way were they dancing so early on! Mei was in two minds about dancing, but being with shy people for so long had turned her shy it seemed! Chen high-fived Mei when she wasn’t paying attention and guffawed. Mei thought her henna was going to be ruined, but because of the heat and the amount of time spent talking, all the henna had dried and cracked into hard black blobs. A few black dots had fallen on to the floor, leaving orange circles on Mei’s hands.

Mei couldn’t stand the heat in the room after a couple of hours. She dragged Adam round the house full circle until they were on the other side of the ‘dancing’ room. As soon as they sat down, Mei wanted to get up again. She had the feeling that they would definitely be pulled up to dance if they were sat so close to the music. She was right. Adam was dragged first, and a loud cheer was emitted as the first white boy started to dance with an old woman. Mei could not stop hooting with laughter, then up she went to another cheer! Adam looked like he was high on drugs, he was just grinning inanely at the old woman as she sung in French to his nodding, angular dancing. “HI I’M VIN!” the boy who pulled Mei up introduced himself. He was oozing with confidence, so Mei just followed his movements. She decided to leave Adam and the old woman alone, he seemed rather ecstatic to be up there. With all the additional noise, Ba’s youngest sister Nicole was roused from her room. “YOU GUYS! COME HERE COME HERE!” she shouted into Louise’s room. Chen, Nerissa, Janet, Tee and Ba’s heads popped out from around the corner, followed by their cameras. The old women beckoned them to dance, but they shook their heads and laughed at Adam and Mei. After the first dance, the first old woman held out a golden urn towards Adam. What did she want? Some English-speaking Mauritians shouted out “money!”. Of course Adam had to gesture he had none, which created the whole room to erupt in laughter. Ba’s hand appeared with 50 rupees which he gave to Adam. Ba looked glad that Adam and Mei had joined in with the festivities, and found it even funnier Adam had no money to give.

Mei and Adam stayed up for a few dances then sat back down. They were both dripping with sweat. Vin and Helen laughed, “Good dancing!” Helen had come out of her shell instantly after seeing that Mei and Adam were prepared to get involved in all the customs, no matter how ridiculous they looked. “Why are your friends not dancing?” Helen asked. “Shy” came the unison answer. Mei was dragged up yet again. She was the only one in the middle of the ‘dance floor’ with the old woman. She had to start the dancing. Mei did a dance with her hands that she had seen before, wanting to be more confident but failing. Feeling extremely self conscious after two dances, Mei pulled up Helen to dance with her. Vin got Adam up again, and instructed him to “DANCE WITH MY MOTHER!” Mei was having so much fun with these people! She wondered why the others weren’t coming out to dance rather than being stuck in a room complaining about the heat.

Sitting down yet again after the dancing, Mei was given a doll and was told to dance with it. She did so, but danced with the doll as if it was a piece of plastic, throwing it in the air and jiggling it about. Though they laughed, the doll was passed on to a more ‘mature’ figure to do a motherly dance. All the younger generation laughed at Mei’s wonderful dance moves before they were called to the main area of the wedding that was tented; the outside of the house.

Everyone apart from Tee and Ba were there talking to Vin’s father. A man with a large nose and belly bellowed “HELLO!” to Adam and Mei.

It transpired that he was a Mauritian tour guide, and he soon struck up a conversation with Mei about Malaysia. Ba’s father came round with Coke to drink and asked if anyone wanted some cake.

“Yes please!” Chen nearly shouted. Ba’s father disappeared again, and Dan joined in the circle sitting next to Janet. Josh started to talk to Nerissa a lot because he hadn’t had a chance to before, while Mei and Adam carried on speaking to the tourist guide. More children kept on running to stare at the group and giggle at them. Mei smiled and waved at them which caused them to giggle even more before running away. A stray dog came over to sniff Janet and Mei shrinked back. She didn’t like dogs very much, but it seemed Janet didn’t like them even more. She started to shriek and cause a scene while Mei thought it was a bit too much.

Time went on, with Mei and Adam walking back to watch the old women pretending to be old men, and Vin in a woman’s sari acting coy and flirtatiously. Mei was on a high, this was nothing like she had expected! Once the old women had been danced out, they both walked back into Tee’s room. Everyone looked incredibly bored, apart from Tee who looked tired and a bit annoyed at Ba who had accidently smudged her henna.

“We’re going back now you guys” Tee stood up and motioned them outside. They all piled into Ba’s car again after saying their goodbyes, with Adam and Mei getting kissed on the cheeks by the old ladies followed by a friendly laugh. Mei sat on Chen’s lap again, while Tee sat on Janet’s lap as she wanted to provide Ba with company on their journey back. With Tee there, Mei knew there would be conversation, and music since she had her iTouch with her. The cheesy music began at once as Ba sped along the roads as if he was competing in Formula One. A medley of George Michael and everything else of that genre were played and sung along to loudly. Ba made loads of jokes about the singing talents of Tee and Mei and rammed the music up higher to drown them up. Chen joined in, while Janet and Nerissa sung along silently.

“Want to hear them scream?” asked Ba to Adam.

Without waiting for an answer, he swerved sharply towards his exit on the roundabout. Right on queue, all the girls at the back screamed and laughed while carrying on singing nonetheless. As the sing-a-long drew to a close at the front of the house, the dog started to bark again. Janet worried about cockroaches arriving in the apartment again as goodbyes were exchanged.

Up the stairs they walked while talking about the night. Nerissa and Janet went instantly into their rooms as Mei, Chen and Adam went around adjusting the air conditioning and making sure the lights were all off. As Chen walked into her room she complained that it was too cold, but of course, the other two weren’t having any of it. “It’s fine the way it is” gurned Janet. Mei was glad she wasn’t sharing with them. She turned her air conditioning to 21 degrees, but was told by Adam it was too cold. After pouting for a while, she got her way. She hated the heat!

Chen ran into Mei and Adam’s room, “OH MY GOD! I completely forgot! Ba’s dad didn’t bring back any cake for me!” then left.

Both doors were finally closed as the bathroom activities ceased, and Adam and Mei spoke about their dancing antics and how enjoyable, if embarrassing it was. They hoped that the following days would be this much fun! Hopefully Chen would dance with them too, even though she did look a bit on the ill side. With the lights turned off, Mei and Adam slowly went to sleep, the air conditioning buzzing softly in the background.

There are many reasons to find yourself an Amritsar flight; a cheap Amritsar flight can actually result in one of the finest vacations imaginable. In fact, many tourists, backpackers, and simple citizens do this every single day for many different reasons. By far the most important reason, and the one that is usually at the top of one’s list for finding an Amritsar flight is religion. Home to important artifacts and sites for the Hindu Religion, as well as home to what is the actual heart and soul of the Sikh Religion, an Amritsar flight takes you right to the center of what is most important to two of the major religions in India, and the world.

Amritsar is located in Punjab, India. There is a swiftly growing population, reported last to be over 1,500,000 in the city, and over 3,695,077 in the entire area – it is a region that draws thousands of tourists every year. In the northwest part of India, Amritsar is located close to Pakistan – in fact, it is only 51 kilometers from Lahore, Pakistan. The name of the town comes from Amrit-Sarovar, and means “the Pool of the Nectar of Immortality”.

Although there are other reasons for finding an Amritsar flight – including exploration of the many tourist attractions, the general culture of India, or the many handicrafts and fairs by which to find them, the main reason to come to Amritsar remains religion.

The majority of the people who can be found on an Amritsar flight include Indian citizens who have perhaps migrated to the UK in recent years. Usually they are going back to Amritsar for a number of reasons. They may wish to visit their relatives, and they may be curious as to how the old city is faring. Often, second generation Indian immigrants visit Amritsar to explore their heritage and to meet their ancestors.

However, whether they are citizens of India, recent migrants to the UK, or people of any other ethnicity in the world, most of the visitors to Amritsar are there for religious or spiritual reasons. The area is quite important in both the Sikh Religion and the Hindu Religion.

When it comes to the Hindu Religion, there are several main important areas that tourists and citizens alike will flock to after their Amritsar flight. These include the Durgiana Mandir, which is one of the most important sites in Hindu. You can also visit Sage Valmiki’s Ashram Named as Ram Tirath. This is another important site where you can learn a lot about Hindu, and it is also a very sacred site as well. Other important Hindu sites include Mata Lal Devi Madir, and the Ram Tirath. Also, the Shivala Bhaian Temple, as well as the Maha Kali Mandir, near the Escorts hospital. The Gopal Mandir is also very popular among Hindu tourists and worshippers alike.

The Sikh Religion is also an important reason that many people find and take an Amritsar flight. The Golden Temple, which is called the Harmandir Sahib is one of the most famous Sihk Religious buildings in the entire world – in fact, it is considered to be the heart of the entire Sikh Religion. It is because of this building that many Sikh followers seek out a flight.

There are other places in the city that are important to the Sikh religion, and also why some might seek out an Amritsar flight. These include the Gurdwara Manji Sahib Devan Asthan, which is very famous and important in the religion. It is not the only area, of course. The Gurdwara Darbar Sahib, in Tarn Taran is located twenty-five kilometers south of Amritsar and is a very important religious marker for the Sikh religion.

Other religious points of interest include the Akal Takht, and the Guru da Bagh, as well as the Gurdwara Ramsar Sahib. These are all-important facets in the Sikh Religion and should always be treated as such.

Because of the number of religions areas and sites that one can see on an Amritsar flight, is important that you know as a traveler there are going to be certain things that you should and shouldn’t do. Many religious sites in Amritsar and the surrounding region are open to the public, which means that followers of the Sikh and Hindu religions, as well as non-followers, can visit them. Many tourists and backpackers choose to take a flight to Amritsar to learn about these two important religions. However, if you are not a member of the religions, it is a good idea to know a little something about them before you take your Amritsar flight. While most of the areas are open and welcoming, there are several that you should not enter, and there are several things that you should be careful of when you are visiting these areas.

So for anybody who is an zealous anti-theist, and “reality in truth’  liberator” that is completely against a religion if it is not based on facts and evidence. Here is a very invoking philosophical thought.”

If somebody goes to prison for  a serious and hideous  crime, but will eventually get out… If they go in all “gangster” or “thug” or “wife beater” or whatever it is they are. And then they find religion in the time they are in prison, and that religion had changed him around and he had a complete mental change. And when he got out he got very involved in community service and helping troubled youth get on the right path and trying to prevent anybody from making the same mistakes he did. Wouldn’t believing in a so called “lie” benefit the greater good of people, and the order of things? If you met him right before he was introduced to religion in the prison and totally convinced him that religion is false. So he never ends up believing in religion and remains who he was.

Before the arrival of  Druidic , Hindu and Buddhist Aryan beliefs , mankind worshipped the Bear and the Snake. These beliefs are OLDER THAN MODERN MAN!

NEANDERTAL MAN CREATES GOD THE BEAR AND HOMO ERECTUS/SAPIENS CREATES GOD THE SNAKE
Archeological evidence from Middle Paleolithic caves,shows that a widespread Middle Paleolithic Neanderthal bear cult existed (Wunn, 2000, p. 434-435).
78,000BC: About 1962, French archaeologists at Regourdou find the remains of what might have been a “bear cult” conducted by Neandertals. The bones of a brown bear have been carefully arranged. (Shreeve, Neandertal) 
Bear worship (also known as the Bear Cult or Arctolatry) is the religious practice of the worshiping of bears found in many North American and North Eurasian ethnic circumpolar religions such as the Sami, Nivkhs, Ainu, and pre-christian Finns. There are also a number of deities from Celtic Gaul and Britain associated with the bear and the bear is featured on many totems throughout northern cultures that carve them. Bear worship may have been practiced as far back as the Middle paleolithic period amongst Neanderthal societies c.300,000 to 30,000 BC
Additional evidence in support of Middle Paleolithic animal worship originates from the Tsodilo Hills (c 70,000BCE) in the African Kalahari desert where a giant rock resembling a python that is accompanied by large amounts of colored broken spear points and a secret chamber has been discovered inside a cave. The Broken spear points were most likely sacrificial offerings and the python is also important to and worshipped by contemporary Bushmen Hunter-gatherers who are the descendants of the of the people who devised the ritual at the Tsodilo Hills and may have inherited their worship of the python from their distant Middle Paleolithic ancestors.

 THE CELTIC/DRUIDIC VEDIC/INDIAN PERSIAN/ARYAN LINK
There is some strong evidence linking the Indo-European Celtic peoples with the Aryans of the Indus Valley and the Persian people(The name Iran is a cognate of Aryan, and means “Land of the Aryans”.)
The first such study dates back to 1999 and was conducted by the Estonian biologist Toomas Kivisild, a pioneer in the field, with fourteen co-authors from various nationalities (including M. J. Bamshad). It relied on 550 samples of mtDNA and identified a haplogroup called “U” as indicating a deep connection between Indian and Western-Eurasian populations.In other words, there is a genetic connection between India and Europe, but a far more ancient one than was thought and the flow was out of, not into, India.
“indeed, nearly all Europeans — and by extension, many Americans — can trace their ancestors to only four mtDNA lines, which appeared between 10,000 and 50,000 years ago and originated from South Asia.”
The most basic division of the Indian society is of Aryans and Dravidians. According to this division, nearly 72% of Indians are Aryans and 28% are Dravidians. The north Indians are the descendants of Aryans and the south Indians are Dravidians. The languages spoken in five states of south India are considered Dravidian languages and most of the languages spoken in the north are considered Aryan languages.
The Vedic Period (or Vedic Age) is the period during which the Vedas, the oldest sacred texts of Indo-Iranians, were being composed. Scholars place the Vedic period in the second and first millennia BCE continuing up to the 6th century BCE based on literary evidence.Texts starting c.2000BC!!! That is alot earlier than any Torah/Old Testament story.

The existence of similarities among the deities and religious practices of the Indo-European (IE) peoples allows glimpses of a common Proto-Indo-European (PIE) religion and mythology. Reconstruction is based on the comparative method. Archaeological evidence is difficult to match to any specific culture in the period of early Indo-European culture in the Chalcolithic

*Dyēus Ph₂tēr is the god of the day-lit sky and the chief god of the Indo-European pantheon. The name survives (p. 409, 431, Oxford Intro.) in Greek Zeus with a vocative form Zeu patēr; Latin Jūpiter (from the archaic Latin Iovis pater), Dispater, Sanskrit Dyáus Pitā, and Illyrian Dei-pátrous.Today God the Father

*Deh₂nu- ‘River goddess’ is reconstructed (p. 434, Oxford Intro.) from Sanskrit Danu, Irish Danu; Welsh Dôn, and a masc. form Ossetic Donbettys. The name has been connected with the Dan rivers which run into the Black Sea (Dnieper, Dniester, Don, and Danube) and other river names in Celtic areas.

*H₂eusos is the name of certain specific gods, usually the sun, the stars, especially the planet Venus or hearth fires; a class of gods (`those that shine with a golden light’); and a general word for `a god, any god’. These gods are also general to the Indo-Europeans.

• *H₂eus(os), is believed to have been the goddess of dawn (p. 409, 410, 432, Oxford Intro.), continued in Greek mythology as Eos, in Rome as Aurora, in Vedic as Ushas, in Lithuanian mythology as Aušra ‘dawn’ or Auštaras (Auštra) ‘the god (goddess) of the northeast wind’, Latvian Auseklis, the morning star (Lithuanian Aušrinė, ‘morning star’); Ausera, and Ausrina, goddesses of dawn or of the planet Venus; Hittite, assu ‘lord, god’; Gallic Esus, Today Jesus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_religion

This is the ROOT belief of ALL European and Middle Eastern belief sysytems. Judaism ,and other forms of monotheism, is just stolen from the Sumerian and Egyptian versions of this Indo-European religion.

The religion of the Vedic period (also known as Vedism or Vedic Brahmanism or, in a context of Indian antiquity, simply Brahmanism^[1]) is the historical predecessor of Hinduism.^[2] Its liturgy is reflected in the Mantra portion of the four Vedas, which are compiled in Sanskrit. The religious practices centered on a clergy administering rites that often involved sacrifices. This mode of worship is largely unchanged today within Hinduism; however, only a small fraction of conservative Shrautins continue the tradition of oral recitation of hymns learned solely through the oral tradition.
The associated culture, sometimes referred to as Vedic civilization, was centered in the northern and northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Its early phase saw the formation of various kingdoms of ancient India.

HOW ANCIENT IS THE DRUIDIC/HINDU/BUDDIST RELIGION ….18,000 YEARS ?
Recent archeological work on the Chang Tang plateau finds evidence of an Iron Age culture which some have tentatively identified as the Zhangzhung. This culture is notable for the following characteristics:
a system of hilltop stone forts or citadels, likely used as a defense against the steppe tribes of Central Asia, such as the Scythians
burial complexes which use vertical tombstones, occasionally in large arrays, and including up to 10,000 graves in one location
stone temples located in the mountains adjacent to the plains, characterized by windowless rooms, corbelled stone roofs, and round walls
evidence of a stratified social structure, as indicated by royal or princely tombs
petroglyphs which shows the culture was a warrior horse culture
These characteristics more closely match the Iron Age cultures of Europe and the Asian steppes.
In Tibetan Buddhist tradition, Shambhala (also spelled Shambala or Shamballa; Tibetan: bde ‘byung, pron. De-jung) is a mythical kingdom hidden somewhere in Tibet. It is mentioned in various ancient texts, including the Kalachakra Tantra and the ancient texts of the Zhang Zhung culture which predated Tibetan Buddhism in western Tibet. The Bön scriptures speak of a closely related land called Olmolungring.
Bön (Tibetan: ????; Wylie: bon; Lhasa dialect IPA: [p?ø~`(n)]) is the oldest spiritual tradition of Tibet.
The Bön canon comprises more than two hundred volumes, classified in four categories: the Sutras (mdo), the Perfection of Wisdom Teachings (‘bum), the Tantras (rgyud) and Knowledge (mdzod). Besides these, the Bön canon includes material on rituals, arts and crafts, logic, medicine, poetry and narrative. It is interesting to note that the “Knowledge” section concerning cosmogony and cosmology, though in some respects unique to Bön, shares a more than passing resemblance to Nyingma (rnying ma) doctrines.
The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism (the other three being the Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug). “Nyingma” literally means “ancient,” and is often referred to as the “school of the ancient translations” or the “old school” because it is founded on the first translations of Buddhist scriptures from Sanskrit into Tibetan
It is noteworthy that the Bönpo tradition was founded by a buddha like figure named Tonpa Shenrab Miwoche whose teachings are similar in scope to the teaching espoused by the historical Buddha. Bönpos claim that Tonpa Shenrab Miwoche lived some 18,000 years ago, and visited Tibet from the land of Tagzig Olmo Lung Ring, or Shambhala. Bönpos also suggest that during this time Lord Shenrab Miwoche’s teaching permeated the entire subcontinent and was in part responsible for the development of the Vedic religion. An example of this link is that Mount Kailash, as the center of Zhang Zhung culture, is also the most sacred mountain to Hindus. In turn, Buddhism evolved from the spiritual teachings of the Vedic religion. As a result, the Bönpos claim that the much later teaching at least indirectly owes its origin to Tonpa Shenrab Miwoche.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyingma
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonpa_Shenrab_Miwoche
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shambhala
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Zhung
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagzig_Olmo_Lung_Ring

Druid – The Druids were suppressed in Gaul by the Romans under Tiberius (reigned AD 14-37) and probably in Britain a little later. In Ireland they lost their priestly functions after the coming of Christianity and survived as poets, historians, and judges (filid, senchaidi, and brithemain). Many scholars believe that the Hindu Brahman in the East and the Celtic Druid in the West were lateral survivals of an ancient Indo-European priesthood.” – Britannica.com
The easiest of parallels to be drawn between the Celtic and Vedic peoples must be that of the Druids and the Brahmins. The Druids and the Brahmins were both the priests and philosophers of their respective cultures. Both orders of priests were the wise ones of their lands, the seers and teachers, to whom warriors and kings turned for counsel and advice. They were free to wander the lands, as many of India’s holy men still do, and, according to Caesar’s writings, the Druids were “held with great honour by the people”.
The name ‘Druid’ is considered by some to have originated the mediterranean and the East. The first syllable of the word ‘Druid’, according to Pliny the Elder (1 CE), is related to the Greek word for the Oak tree, ‘drus’. The root of which is ‘dr’ and it is to be found in several Aryan languages. More likely its the Celtic root dru which means “immersion”,which also appears in Sanskrit.(the Greek word drus, a later reference to the oak and Druids)The second syllable is thought to have originated from the sanskrit word ‘vid’, meaning ‘knowledge’, which is also the root of the term ‘Vedas’. If this is accurate then the Druids would have been those who possess the ‘knowledge of the Oak tree’ to a Greek. The Oak tree in Celtic myth and legend was closely associated with knowledge and wisdom, or more correctly, a Druid was one “immersed in knowledge.”
The scholars of the Greek Alexandrian school clearly described them as a parallel caste to the brahmins of Vedic society.Tacitus, a Greek historian, commented on the striking similarity of the bathing Druids to the Brahmins, suggesting they were “so emblematic of the brahmins.”
If the Celtic Druidic and Indus Vedic share the same root, these myths must of been in the cultures before the split of these people,as later different cultures would seperate them and we would expect a see this beleif spread through these cultures as well .If these stories are found in Scottish ,Irish and Welsh Western European Celtic cultures.That means they must be from c.10,000 BC at very latest if these peoples DNA is going to cross the land bridge still joining Britian to Continental Europe!!! This would make this belief system at leat 12,000 years old but probably much older.But this is nothing compared to the Northern Bear Cults and Southern Snakes Cults which would be at least over 70,000 years old. Even older than man.
The Druids & the Brahmins
Interestingly the term for soul (I use the term soul for reasons of simplicity) in Vedic literature is ‘atman’, whereas the Celtic term for soul is ‘anam’.”Due to the cessation of the Druids a vast wealth of knowledge and wisdom has been lost. As part of an oral tradition, like the Brahmins of old, nothing was ever wrote down, all myths, laws and teachings were held to memory.The Celts had a large pantheon of which about 300 to 400 names are known to us today.This also stands true for the Vedic pantheon.It is interesting to note that the Celtic term for the Gods is ‘Deuos’ and the Vedic term is ‘Devas’, both terms meaning “Shining Ones”.
Danu in Celtic & Vedic Myth
One of the most striking comparisons to be found between the Celtic and Vedic pantheon is that of a Goddess named Danu and the myths surrounding her (also known in Celtic traditions as Don, Dana and possibly also Anu or Ana). A Goddess named Danu appears both in Celtic and Vedic mythology. She features heavily in Celtic mythology as the Mother Goddess (and a river Goddess). She is one of the most ancient known of all Celtic Goddesses, from whom the hierarchy of Gods received it’s name of Tuatha De Danann, “Folk of the Goddess Danu” Among the ancient Celts, Danu was regarded as the “Mother Goddess.” The Irish Gods and Goddesses were the Tuatha De Danaan (“Children of Danu”). Danu was the “divine waters” falling from heaven and nurturing Bíle, the sacred oak from whose acorns their children sprang. Moreover, the waters of Danu went on to create the great Celtic sacred river–Danuvius, today called the Danube.
Not only is the story of Danu and the Danube a parallel to that of Ganga and the Ganges but a Hindu Danu appears in the Vedic story “The Churning of the Oceans,” a story with parallels in Irish and Welsh mytholgy. Danu in Sanskrit also means “divine waters” and “moisture.”.
Whereas in Vedic mythology the Goddess Danu ,a red headed goddess ,who gives birth to the seven Danvanas, the dark ones of the ocean.
Surrounding the Goddess Danu in each culture’s mythology is a similar tale of battle,
SIMILAR TO THE MESOPOTAMIAN CREATION MYTH ,CREATION FROM DEEP DARK WATERS ,BUT POSSIBLY c.10,000 YEARS OLDER
In the earliest of Celtic documents there is the battle of Moytur fought between the people of the Goddess Danu and the Fomors. The Fomors being Celtic deities of death, darkness and the sea. They were the offspring of “Chaos and Old Night”, their name being derived from two Gaelic words meaning “under sea”. The Fomers were born from another Mother Goddess called Domnu whose name seems to have signified the abyss or deep sea. The battle between the Fomors and the Tuatha De Danann began at the end of summer and the beginning of winter, on the eve of Samhain (the Celtic festival of the dead or Halloween as its called today). During the course of the bloody battle many were killed, including many of the chieftains. Of all the Fomors the deadliest was Balor, with his eye that could slay by merely looking upon an individual. However during the later stages of the war Lugh shouted on him and before Balor could look upon Lugh, Lugh had thrown a magickal stone at Balor. the stone struck Balor, forcing his deadly eye out through the back of his head. On falling to the ground the eye then gazed on many of the Fomors, killing them, and turning the tide of the battle toward the Tuatha De Danann. Eventually the Fomors were driven away and the people of Danu were victorious.
A similar struggle between opposing forces is to be found in Vedic mythology. This struggle was between the Adityas, the children of the Goddess Aditi, and the Danavas, the children of the Goddess Danu. The Danavas where the antithesis of all that is symbolised by the earth, the sky and the sun. This myth is referred to throughout the Rig Veda and focuses primarily on the God Indra in his victory over the Danavan God Vrtra. In the Rig Veda Vrtra is described as being a limbless dragon and the source of a great drought. When Indra slays him (Vrtra) with his thunder bolt the seven waters are released. It reads in the Rig Veda (Griffith Translation) “He slew the Dragon, then disclosed the waters, and cleft the channels of the mountain torrents.” (Rig I.32.1)”Then humbled was the strength of Vrtra’s mother: Indra hath cast his deadly bolt against her. The mother was above, the son under, and like a cow beside her calf lay Danu.” (Rig I.32.9)
Danu in the Vedic myth is bondage and restraint and her son Vrtra is the constrictor. Whereas the Goddess Aditi is the Boundless and the Infinite, and Indra by using his tapas, which is represented by his lightening bolt, becomes the “winner of the light”.It is the macrocosmic struggle between light and dark, order and chaos. While on the microcosmic level it is knowledge over ignorance.
In the Celtic myth the Goddess Domnu is regarded as being of “Chaos and Old Night”, the abyss, from whence came the Fomors the deities of the dark waters who were conquered by Lug, the Celtic Sun God, and the Tuatha De Danann. Again it is the light conquering the darkness. The two myths are fundamentally the same, both tell of the primordial waters, that undifferentiated state of being before the time of creation, and light emerging in triumph over darkness to allow life to flow. This theme seems to be repeated in a rather abstract creation hymn in the Rig Veda, “Darkness there was: at first concealed in darkness this All was indiscrimated chaos. All that existed then was void and formless: by the great power of Warmth was born that unit” (X.129).
Here we also find a possible root of the mesotopamian creation myth, creation from a chaotic deep watery abyss.
Is it also possible that the Celtic Vedic split was caused by a socio/religious disputes? In this case the role of women in society.Danu is a Good goddess in Celtic myths and female Druids and Warriors and Queens are common in Celtic society ,not so in Hinduism where Danu is the Mother of chaos and women tend to be subserviant in society.

The Cailleach

; Crone of Beare. Great Goddess in her Destroyer aspect; called “Veiled One”. Another name is , from which Scotland comes. Originally Scotland was called Caledonia, or land given by Caillech ,Cali’s Domain and Ireland was refered to as Scotland.
In parts of Britain she is the Goddess of Winter. Depicted as a blue-faced hag, who is reborn October 31 (Samhain) She brings the snow until the Goddess Brigit deposes her and she eventually turns to stone April 30 (Beltaine). In later times the mythical witch like figure of “Black Annis” is believed to have derived from her.
She was an ancient Goddess of the pre-Celtiberian peoples of Ireland. She controlled the seasons and the weather; and was the goddess of earth and sky, moon and sun.
She is a Tutelary Goddess to southwest Munster, and appears in tales describing a knight being importuned by an old hag for love, acceptance of which transforms her into a beautiful maiden.

Kali Hindu

, also known as Kalika (Bengali: কালী, Kālī / কালিকা Kālikā ; Sanskrit: काली), is a Hindu goddess associated with eternal energy. The name Kali means “black”, but has by folk etymology come to mean “force of time (kala)”. Despite her negative connotations, she is today considered the goddess of time and change. Although sometimes presented as dark and violent, her earliest incarnation as a figure of annihilation still has some influence.

She is the foremost among the Dasa-Mahavidyas, ten fierce Tantric goddesses

According to David Kinsley, Kali is first mentioned in Hinduism as a distinct goddess, related to war, around 600 CE. Scriptures like Agni Purana and Garuda Purana describe her terrible appearance and associate her with corpses and war.

Kālī is the feminine of kāla “black, dark coloured” (per Panini 4.1.42). It appears as the name of a form of Durga in Mahabharata 4.195, and as the name of an evil female spirit in Harivamsa 11552.

The Horned God Pashupati
Mythological reference to the Horned God Pashupati can be found in ancient Indian and Nepalese scriptural texts. The legend of Pashupati can be found in reference to the Indian God Shiva, of whom Pashupati is referred to as being the proto-type. In the Skanda Purana it tells how the God Shiva used to love a great forest called the ‘Sleshmantaka Forest’ . It was here that Shiva spent so much time being emersed in ‘the wilderness of this forest in merry-making assuming Himself the form of a deer’ . It reads in the Skanda Purana -
As I reside here in the forest of Sleshmanta in the form of a beast,
My name will hence be known as the Pashupati the world over.
To this day the Sleshmantaka forest remains sacred and is known as ‘Mrigasthali’, ‘the abode of deers’. The name Pashupati means ‘ Lord of Animals’ (Pashu – animal, Pati -Lord) and was later taken to mean (Lorrd of Souls).
In the Indus Valley many seals have been found which show images of the Horned God with many animals surrounding him the figure is sitting in a traditional cross-legged yoga pose with its hands resting on its knees.On the seals is what has became known as the Indus script. This is a written language which looks similar to runes and other ancient scripts, however academics have been struggling for many years to correctly decipher it. Although several decipherings have been made in the last 50 years none have gained complete approval by scholars and academics.
What the Indus Valley seals of the horned God suggest is that there is an undeniable connection between the horned God Pashupati and the horned God of the Celts,

The Horned God Cernunnos.

Cernunnos (also Cernenus) is a pagan Celtic god whose representations were widespread in the ancient Celtic lands of western Europe. As a horned god, Cernunnos is associated with horned male animals, especially stags and the ram-horned snake; this and other attributes associate him with produce and fertility.He is usually portrayed seated and cross-legged, in a position which some have interpreted as meditative or shamanic This connection between the two is best illustrated by comparing a couple of the Indus Valley seals to the depiction of Cernunnos on the Gundestrup Cauldron (dated between 4th – 1st Century BCE).
http://www.geocities.com/indianpaganism/celticvedic.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cernunnos
CELTIC LUG AND VEDIC INDRA THE SUN GODS
Successful comparisons may also be drawn between Lug and Indra.Throughout the Rig Veda there are many hymns to Indra (more than any other God or Goddess) and many of these contain references that associate Indra with the Sun and light. Another parallel between Lug and Indra is that they were both not the original leaders of their respective groups.Indra has also been connected with the Celtic myth of Tain Bo Cuailgne. Here Indra’s symbolic animal representation, the bull, is compared with the Celtic bull of Quelgny. Again what is found is a solar association in both Celtic and Vedic myth.
Places of Worship
Some of the most auspicious places of worship for the Celtic and Vedic peoples were rivers.Many European rivers bear the name of Danu–the Rhône (ro- Dhanu, “Great Danu”) and several rivers called Don. Rivers were sacred in the Celtic world, and places where votive offerings were deposited and burials often conducted. The Thames, which flows through London, still bears its Celtic name, from Tamesis, the dark river, which is the same name as Tamesa, a tributary of the Ganges.In both Celtic and Vedic cultures offerings were often placed in rivers and those of the Celts were especially elaborate.
Another of the sacred dwellings was that of specific areas of woods and groves. According to Tacitus the “Woods and groves are the sacred depositories; and the spot being consecrated to those pious uses, they give to that sacred recess the name of the divinity that fills the place, which is never profaned by the steps of man. The gloom fills every mind with awe; revered at a distance and never seen but with the eye of contemplation.” The Druids and their daily activities of bathing in rivers is a mirror image of the Vedic Brahmins, who bathe during the first hours of sun rise in rivers such as the Ganges Similarly there are many Indian tales of Brahmans and holy men who lived in forests of which some were especially sacred spaces A selection of Vedic texts written after the four main Samhitas (the Rig, Sama, Yajur and Artharva Vedas) are the Aranyakas, meaning ‘forest treatise’. Indicating that these were composed in the reclusive depths of the forests.
Celtic & Vedic Fairies
Celtic stories are well known for their fairy folk, the little people who inhabit trees and hills. Sometimes they were the source of mischief or misfortune, other times the were advantageous and benevolent. The stories tell us that they delight in music and loved to dance. The Celtic fairies (also called Sidhes) often blended in myth with the Gods and like the Gods the fairies knew magick, fought wars and married amongst themselves.
Vedic nature spirits are yaksas, the favourite of the yaksas’ locations is in a rural village’s sacred tree. Here they would be safe from harms way and it was believed that having the yaksas there was prosperous for the village. Offerings and tiny gifts would be laid at the trunk of the tree, while flower garlands would be hung from the branches. There was also a fertility association with the yaksas in the sacred tree. As were there also associations of treasure buried at the tree roots, again like some of the Celtic fairies.
CELTIC AND VEDIC LANGUAGE AND CUSTOMS
Professor Calvert Watkins of Harvard, one of the leading linguistic experts in his field, has pointed out that of all the Celtic linguistic remains, Old Irish represents an extraordinarily archaic and conservative tradition within the Indo-European family.
Its nominal and verbal systems are a far truer reflection of the hypothesized parent tongue, from which all Indo-European languages developed, than are Classical Greek or Latin. The structure of Old Irish/Gaelic, says Professor Watkins, can be compared only with that of Vedic Sanskrit or Hittite of the Old Kingdom.
The vocabulary is amazingly similar. The following are just a few examples:
Gaelic- arya (freeman),Sanskrit – aire (noble)
Gaelic – naib (good), Sanskrit – noeib (holy)
Gaelic – badhira (deaf), Sanskrit – bodhar (deaf)
Gaelic – names (respect), Sanskrit – nemed (respect)
Gaelic – righ (king), Sanskrit – raja (king)
This applies not only in the field of linguistics but in law and social custom, in mythology, in folk custom and in traditional musical form. The ancient Irish law system, the Laws of the Fénechus, is closely parallel to the Laws of Manu. Many surviving Irish myths, and some Welsh ones, show remarkable resemblances to the themes, stories and even names in the sagas of the Indian Vedas.
For some time, especially through the work of D. A. Binchy, the laws were held to be conservative and useful primarily for reconstructing the laws and customs of the Proto-Indo-Europeans just as linguists had reconstructed the Proto-Indo-European language. For instance, Historians have seen comparisons between Irish and Indian customs of fasting as a method of shaming a wrongdoer, in order to recover a debt or to demand the righting of a wrong.[3] Other legal institutions prominent in early Irish law but foreign to most contemporary legal systems, such as the use of sureties have been considered as survivals from earlier periods.[4]. There is still the possibility to suggest a past for a certain legal topic based on Irish legal terms being cognate with terms in other Celtic languages, although that information does not mandate that the practice described by the legal term has not changed.There is, however, one area where scholars have found material that is clearly old. A number of legal terms have been shown to have originated in the period before the Celtic Languages split up because they are preserved in both Old Irish and in the Welsh legal texts.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brehon_Laws

WHY DID DRUIDS PAINT THIER WARRIORS BLUE FOR PROTECTION AND USE RELIGIOUS PICTOGRAMS IN BATTLE.IS IT COINCIDENCE THAT THE HEAD DEITIES IN HINDUISM ARE ALSO BLUE WITH PICTOGRAMS?
Vishnu (IAST vi??u, Devanagari ??????), (honorific: Bhagavan Vishnu), is the Supreme God in Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God,and his supreme status is declared in the Hindu sacred texts like Yajurveda, the Rigveda and the Bhagavad Gita
According to various Purana, Vishnu is the ultimate omnipresent reality, is shapeless and omnipresent. However, a strict iconography governs his representation, whether in pictures, icons, or idols:
He is to be depicted as a four-armed male-form: The four arms indicate his all-powerful and all-pervasive nature. The physical existence of Vishnu is represented by the two arms in the front while the two arms at the back represent his presence in the spiritual world. The Upanishad titled Gopal Uttartapani describes the four arms of Vishnu. THE CELTIC HAVE A HEAD DEITY AS WELL
The color of his skin has to be new-cloud-like-blue: The blue color indicates his all-pervasive nature, blue being the color of the infinite space as well as the infinite ocean on which he resides. THE CELTS WEAR BLUE WOAD
He has the mark of sage Bhrigu’s feet on his chest. AND PICTOGRAMS
Around his neck, he wears the auspicious “Kaustubha” jewel, and a garland of flowers (vanamaalaa). It is in this jewel, on Vishnu’s chest that Lakshmi dwells. AND THE CELTIC TORQUE REPRESENTS THE DIVENE FEMALE Depictions of the gods and goddesses of Celtic mythology frequently show them wearing torcs The famous Roman copy of the original Greek sculpture The Dying Gaul depicts a wounded Gallic warrior naked except for a torc
Also on his chest is the srivatsa mark, symbolising his consort Lakshmi. It is on the chest of Vishnu, where Lakshmi resides.AND MORE PICTOGRAMS
A crown should adorn his head: The crown symbolizes his supreme authority. OLDEST CROWN IN EUROPE IS SCOTTISH
He is to shown wearing two earrings: The earrings represent inherent opposites in creation — knowledge and ignorance; happiness and unhappiness; pleasure and pain. CELTS ARE REKNOWN FOR THIER JEWELRY
He rests on Ananta: the immortal and infinite snake THE SNAKE AGAIN
Krishna (????? in Devanagari, k???a in IAST, pronounced ['kr????] in classical Sanskrit) is a deity worshiped across many traditions of Hinduism in a variety of different perspectives. While many Vaishnava groups recognize him as an avatar of Vishnu, other traditions within Krishnaism consider Krishna to be svayam bhagavan, or the supreme being
The Sanskrit word k???a has the literal meaning of “black”, “dark” or “dark-blue” and is used as a name to describe someone with dark skin. Krishna is often depicted in murtis (images) as black, and is generally shown in paintings with a blue skin THE BLUE CELTIC PICTS
In the Brahmasambandha mantra of the Vallabha sampradaya, the syllables of the name Krishna are assigned the power to destroy sin relating to material, self and divine causes

THE CELTS ARE THE INDIGINOUS EUROPEANS.THEY ARE AN ANCIENT PEOPLE WHO HAVE HAD GREAT INFLUNCES ON CIVILISATION
There is absolutely no evidence of war or of any conquest of an earlier, pre Celtic people at the time the Druids supposedly arrived in Western Europe, making it difficult for archaeologists to explain how they could have peacefully imposed their language, religion, and culture on this hypothetical earlier people. Even more embarrassing is the fact that geneticists claim that modern British people are related to the Spanish, and DNA from human remains of supposedly pre-Celtic times in Britain have shown that many modern British people are related to these early people as well. More and more it is beginning to appear that the Celts (and their Druid priests) may have been in the West all along, and may, indeed, have built Stonehenge after all.

James Wilson and Prof David Goldstein of University College London, with colleagues at Oxford University and the University of California, “The findings provide the first direct evidence of a close relationship between the people known as Celts and the Basques. The gene patterns of three races passed down through the male line are all strikingly similar, researchers concluded. Basques can trace their roots back to the Stone Age and are one of Europe’s most distinct people, fiercely proud of their ancestry and traditions.
The team looked for similarities between the Y chromosomes (which are only carried by men) they sampled DNA from; 88 “Celtic fringe” individuals from Anglesey, North Wales, 146 from Ireland with Irish Gaelic surnames, and 150 Basques, revealing “remarkable’ similarities. On the other hand, he and his colleagues compared Celtic and Norwegian populations and found them to be quite different.
The Celts carried the early Y chromosome, which provides the first clear evidence of a close relationship in the paternal heritage of Basque and Celtic speaking populations. “They were statistically indistinguishable’, we also noticed that there’s something quite striking about the Celtic populations, and that is that there’s not a lot of genetic variation on the male Y-chromosome, We conclude that both the Basques and Celts are reflecting pre-farming Europe. Somehow these people have remained in isolation from the rest of Europe up until the Bronze age where their genes begin to indicate an influx of female genes from mainland Europe” said Prof Goldstein.
Geneticist Prof Steve Jones, who recently published a book called Y – The Descent of Man, said;
“Genetics provided more reliable clues to the distant past than language did”. He and colleagues at University College, London, have spent years creating a genetic map of the Y chromosome, which is passed by males from generation to generation. The results show that the Welsh are related to the Basques of northern Spain and southern France and to native Americans. He said: “There has been much less interbreeding in Wales than you might expect. Wales and Ireland have the most homogenous group of males of anywhere in the world, from the research that’s been done so far”.
He said; “The Y chromosome common among Welsh males was an ancient one. Most native Americans have the same one
CELTS ARRIVE IN THE AMERICA’S c.18,000 BC
Recent studies of the tool kits of the first Americans suggest an entry from Spain and not from Siberia. Not only this, but paleolithic Caucasian genes appear to form the basal layer of the genetic makeup of many native Americans, helping to confirm a trans-Atlantic entry into Central America between 18,000 and 12,000 years ago. Recent discoveries of three 13,000 year old Cro magnon man skeletons in an underwater cave in the Bahamas suggests that the above is true and correct.
Almost all archaeology to date has been based on the discovery of sites that are above sea level. Sea levels rose to present day levels about 6,000 years ago, therefore there has to be a great deal hidden underwater prior to this event,
During the most recent ice age (at its maximum about 20,000 years ago) the world’s sea level was about 130 m lower than today, due to the large amount of sea water that had evaporated and been deposited as snow and ice, mostly in the Laurentide ice sheet. The majority of this had melted by about 10,000 years ago.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level#Changes_through_geologic_time
The Solutreans of Spain are now believed to have crossed the Atlantic using the southern Equatorial current and the edge of the Ice age glaciers, and entered the Caribbean and Central America between 18,000 and 12,000 years ago to become known as the Clovis hunters of America, when they meet the Ainu – an isolated ethnic group in northern Japan who look quite unlike modern Japanese. . Recent genetic findings suggest that the people now known as Gaelic speaking Celts (including Irish, Welsh, Scots, Basques and Berbers) are a remnant of a group of people who also left Spain between 1,8000 and 12,000 years ago

ANCIENT CELTIC INFLUENCES INCLUDE ANCIENT CELTIC MUMMIES IN CHINA c.2000BC CELTS ENTER CHINA c.3500BC
At their peak, the influence of the Celts stretched from Ireland in the west to the south of Spain and across to Italy’s Po Valley, and probably extended to parts of Poland and Ukraine and the central plain of Turkey in the east. These mummies seem to suggest, however, that the Celts penetrated well into central Asia, nearly making it as far as Tibet (and probably much further)
Solid as a warrior of the Caledonii tribe, the man’s hair is reddish brown flecked with grey, framing high cheekbones, a long nose, full lips and a ginger beard. When he lived three thousand years ago, he stood six feet tall, and was buried wearing a red twill tunic and tartan leggings. He looks like a Bronze Age European. In fact, he’s every inch a Celt. Even his DNA says so.
But this is no early Celt from central Scotland. This is the mummified corpse of Cherchen Man, unearthed from the scorched sands of the Taklamakan Desert in the far-flung region of Xinjiang in western China,
The burial sites of Cherchen Man and his fellow people were marked with stone structures that look like dolmens from Britain, ringed by round-faced, Celtic figures, or standing stones. Among their icons were figures reminiscent of the sheela-na-gigs, wild females who flaunted their bodies and can still be found in mediaeval churches in Britain. A female mummy wears a long, conical hat which has to be a witch or a wizard’s hat. Or a druid’s, perhaps? The wooden combs they used to fan their tresses are familiar to students of ancient Celtic art.
Even older than the Cherchen find is that of the 4,000-year-old Loulan Beauty, who has long flowing fair hair and is one of a number of mummies discovered near the town of Loulan. One of these mummies was an eight-year-old child wrapped in a piece of patterned wool cloth, closed with bone pegs.
The Loulan Beauty’s features are Nordic. She was 45 when she died, and was buried with a basket of food for the next life, including domesticated wheat, combs and a feather.
The new finds are also forcing a reexamination of old Chinese books that describe historical or legendary figures of great height, with deep-set blue or green eyes, long noses, full beards, and red or blond hair. Scholars have traditionally scoffed at these accounts, but it now seems that they may be accurate
The Tocharians were the Tocharian-speaking inhabitants of the Tarim Basin, making them the easternmost speakers of an Indo-European language in antiquity
The Tocharians, living along the Silk Road, had contacts with the Chinese, Persians, Indian and Turkic tribesThe Tocharians who remained in the Tarim Basin adopted Buddhism, which, like their alphabet, came from northern India(Aryan) .Commonalities between the Tocharian languages and various other Indo-European language families (as with Celtic) are suggested but are still “controversial”.
.In the 6th century AD fresco, Qizil, Tarim Basin.
“Tocharian donors”, possibly the “Knights with Long Swords” of Chinese accounts, depicted with light hair and light eye color. Graphical analysis reveals that the third donor from left is performing a Buddhist Vitarka Mudra gesture. These frescoes are associated with annotations in Tocharian and Sanskrit made by their painters.
The Tarim mummies suggest that precursors of these easternmost speakers of an Indo-European language may have lived in the region of the Tarim Basin from around 1800 BC until finally they were assimilated by Uyghur Turks in the 9th century AD
Afanasevo (or Afanasievo) culture, 3500—2500 BC, an archaeological culture of the late copper and early Bronze Age
It became known from excavations in the Minusinsk area of the Krasnoyarsk Krai, southern Siberia, but the culture was also widespread in western Mongolia, northern Xinjiang, and eastern and central Kazakhstan, with connections or extensions in Tajikistan and the Aral area.
The economy seems to have been semi-nomadic pastoralism, with cattle, ovicaprids and horse remains being documented, along with those of wild game
This early extreme outlier of presumably Indo-European culture makes it an automatic candidate for being the earliest attested representative for speakers of the Tocharian stock.
CELTS CROSS INTO EUROPE OVER THE DANUBE AS THE GLACIERS MELT c.11,000BC
The Danube,East Europe, is the longest river in the European Union .Its name is Celtic.( Celtic *danu, meaning “to flow, run”,)
Both Homer (Odyss. XII. 1) and Hesiod ,(Theogonia, v.242. 959) in their theogonic legends exclusively refer to the lower Danube as the Okeanos Potamos(Great Ocean River God).At the end of the Okeanos Potamos, is the holy island of Alba (Leuke, Pytho Nisi, Isle of Snakes). sacred to the Pelasgian. (and later, the Greek) Apollo, greeting the sun rising in the east.,Alba is the Gaelic name of Scotland

THE LEGEND OF ALBA, THULE AND HYPERBORIA

ARE THE BRITISH ISLES OR SCOTLAND, ALBA? THE HYPERBOREAN THE HIBERNIAN?
Pious legend credits Patrick with banishing snakes from the island of Ireland, though all evidence suggests that post-glacial Ireland never had snakes;one suggestion is that snakes referred to the serpent symbolism of the Druids of that time and place, as shown for instance on coins minted in Gaul (see Carnutes),
Historically,the Island of Anglesey(Wales) has long been associated with the Druids.Anglesey is rich in prehistoric remains. The first evidence of humans on the island comes from the Mesolithic period, about 7000 BC
As the only poisonous snake in the British Isles the adder has a reputation for wisdom and sly cunning. The amulets said to have been carried by the druids, ‘gloine nathair’ (the glass of the serpent), were really adder stones.
It was an adder which caused the Battle of Camlan; while the armies of Mordred and Arthur were drawn up during a parley in which the battle might have been averted, an adder darted out from the scrub, so startling one of Arthur’s men that he drew his sword to slay it. Taking the flash of his sword as an instance of Arthur’s treachery, Mordred’s army attacked.
In the Highlands of Scotland, the adder or serpent is supposed to represent the CAILLEACH’S power,. See: SAMHAIN, and OIMELC
In partnership with the goddess Brìghde, the Cailleach is seen as a seasonal deity or spirit, ruling the winter months between Samhuinn (November 1) and Bealltainn (May 1), while Brìghde rules the summer months between Bealltainn and Samhuinn
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cailleach

THE CELTIC GREEK CONNECTION
Or that it could have referred to beliefs such as Pelagianism,(the Pre-Greek barbarian belief) symbolized as “serpents”
“Pelasgian” has come to mean more broadly all the autochthonous inhabitants of the Aegean lands and their culture before the advent of the Greek language the Pelasgians used to speak a Barbarian language.There are, indeed, various names affirmed to designate the ante-Hellenic inhabitants of many parts of Greece — many seem similar to known Celtic names.
the Pelasgi, the Leleges,(Vellavi -from Ruessium) the Curetes, the Kaukones,(The Carnutes (Latin Carnuti), a powerful Celtic people in the heart of independent Gaul, in the P-Celtic form Picts where “Cruithne”,Welsh Cymru) the Aones,(Aryans) the Temmikes, the Telchines,(Tocharians or Tuatha De Danann) the Boeotian Thracians,(Hyperborean)
Hecateus Abderitas refers to Apollo’s island from the region of the Hyperboreans, in the Okeanos.(Great Ocean)
Alone among the Twelve Olympians, Apollo was venerated among the Hyperboreans, the Hellenes thought: he spent his winter amongst them(CAILLEACH with the power of the snake?).In Greek mythology, according to tradition, the Hyperboreans were a mythical people who lived far to the north of Thrace. The Greeks thought that Boreas, the North Wind,lived in Thrace, and that therefore Hyperborea was an unspecified region in the northern lands that lay beyond Scythia. Their land, called Hyperborea or Hyperboria — “beyond the Boreas” Hesiod mentioned the Hyperboreans, Herodotus reported, though the text is now lost, “and Homer also in the Epigoni, if that be really a work of his”.
Also, the sun was supposed to rise and set only once a year in Hyperborea, which would place it at or near the North Pole. i.e. North of Scotland Alba ,Orkney? (Could the flooding of the North Sea basin c.7000-4000 BC be a flood myth or Atlantis sinking?)
For their part the Hyperboreans sent mysterious gifts, packed in straw, which came first to Dodona
Dodona (from Doric Greek ??d??a, Ionic Greek: ??d???,Dòdònè) in Epirus in northwestern Greece, was a prehistoric oracle devoted to the Mother Goddess identified at other sites with Rhea or Gaia, but here called Dione and later, in historical times also to the Greek god Zeus.The shrine of Dodona was the oldest Hellenic oracle, according to the fifth-century historian Herodotus and in fact dates to pre-Hellenic times, perhaps as early as the second millennium BCE.(eariler in my opinion) Aristotle considered the region to have been the most ancient part of Greece and where the Hellenes originated.Priestesses and priests in the sacred grove interpreted the rustling of the oak (or beech) leaves to determine the correct actions to be taken.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodona
and then were passed from people to people until they came to Apollo’s temple on Delos (Pausanias). Abaris, Hyperborean priest of Apollo, was a legendary wandering healer and seer.(Druid?)
Abaris the Hyperborean (Greek: ?ßa??? ?pe?ß??e???, Abaris Hyperboreios),was a legendary sage, healer, and priest of Apollo known to the Ancient Greeks. He was supposed to have learned his skills in his homeland of Hyperborea,
As the patron of Delphi (Pythian Apollo), Apollo was an oracular god — the prophetic deity of the Delphic Oracle. Medicine and healing were associated with Apollo, when it was a major site for the worship of the god Apollo after he slew the Python, a deity who lived there and protected the navel of the Earth.
HERE WE FIND THE SNAKE GOD AND HEALER AGAIN PYTHIA APOLLO AND HE APPEARS TO BE A CELT!!

WE ALSO SEE CELTIC SCOTLAND REFERED TO AS THULE. AN ANCIENT SEAT OF LEARNING EVEN IN ANTIQUITY! 
Early in the fifth century AD Claudian, in his poem, On the Fourth Consulship of the Emperor Honorius, Book VIII, rhapsodizes on the conquests of the emperor Theodosius I, declaring that the “Orcades [Orkney Islands] ran red with Saxon slaughter; Thule was warm with the blood of Picts; ice-bound Hibernia [Ireland] wept for the heaps of slain Scots.” This implies that Thule was Scotland. But in Against Rufinias, the Second Poem, Claudian writes of “Thule lying icebound beneath the pole-star.”
Thule (pronounced /’?u?li/, us: thoo’·le; Greek T????, Thoule; also spelled in various sources Thile, Tile, Tilla, Toolee, Tylen, Thula, Thyle, Thylee, Thila, and Tila) is, in classical literature, a place, usually an island. Ancient European descriptions and maps locate it either in the far north, often Iceland, possibly the Orkney Islands or Shetland Islands or Scandinavia, or in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance Iceland or Greenland.
Thule as Tile on the Carta Marina of 1539 by Olaus Magnus, where it is shown located to the north west of the Orkney Islands,
Nearly a half century later, in 77, Pliny the Elder published his Natural History in which he also cites Pytheas’ claim (in Book II, Chapter 75) that Thule is a six-day sail north of Britain. Then, when discussing the islands around Britain in Book IV, Chapter 16, he writes: “The farthest of all, which are known and spoke of, is Thule; in which there be no nights at all, as we have declared, about mid-summer, namely when the Sun passes through the sign Cancer; and contrariwise no days in mid-winter: and each of these times they suppose, do last six months, all day, or all night.” Finally, in refining the island’s location, he places it along the most northerly parallel of those he describes, writing in Book VI, Chapter 34,: “Last of all is the Scythian parallel, from the Rhiphean hills into Thule: wherein (as we said) it is day and night continually by turns (for six months).”

ANCIENT CELTIC MYTHS LIKE KING ARTHUR PENDRAGON
or KING “GUARDIAN OF THE BEAR” “CHIEF-WARRIOR DRAGON” SAVIOUR OF THE CELTS
The origin of the Welsh name Arthur a derivation from Welsh arth (earlier art), meaning “bear”, suggesting art-ur (earlier *Arto-uiros), “bear-man”, is the original form.An alternative theory links the name Arthur to Arcturus, the brightest star in the constellation Boötes, near Ursa Major or the Great Bear. The name means “guardian of the bear”or “bear guard”
Uther’s epithet Pendragon means “Chief Dragon” in a figurative sense, referring to his status as “foremost leader” or “chief of warriors”.Uther acquires the epithet when he witnesses a portentous dragon-shaped comet, which inspires him to use dragons on his standards. According to the Grail cycle, it was Uther’s older brother (elsewhere called Ambrosius Aurelianus) who sees the comet and receives the name “Pendragon”; Uther takes his epithet in his honor after his death.
The 12th-century French writer Chrétien de Troyes, who added Lancelot and the Holy Grail to the story, began the genre of Arthurian romance that became a significant strand of medieval literature. In these French stories, the narrative focus often shifts from King Arthur himself to other characters, such as various Knights of the Round Table
THE ARTHUR LEGEND IS ANCIENT.IT SEEMS TO EVEN PRE-DATE THE DRUIDIC BELIEFS.IT CELEBRATES THE BEAR AND THE SNAKE!!

DRUIDISM SEEMS TO BE WESTERN HINDUISM AT LEAST 18,000 YEARS OLD BUT IT HAS BEEN JOINED WITH THE EVEN MORE ANCIENT SNAKE AND BEAR RELIGIOUS CULTS THAT ARE OLDER THAN MODERN MAN.

NOW THAT’S AN OLD BELIEF AND AN EXTREMELY ANCIENT CULTURE!!!

Newly married Bollywood actor Shilpa Shetty, along with his husband Raj Kundra, sought blessings at Hindu Tirupati temple in Andhra Pradesh on Friday. Dressed in a golden red sari, Shilpa paid her respect to the deities along with her husband, Raj Kundra, sister Shamita Shetty and a few other relatives.

यस्यात्मा विरतः पापाद कल्याणे च निवेशितः।
तेन स्र्वमिदं बुद्धम् प्रकृतिर्विकृतिश्चय वा।।
हिंदी में भावार्थ-नीति विशारद विदुर कहते हैं कि जिसकी बुद्धि पाप से परे होकर कल्याण के मार्ग पर आ जाये वह इस संसार में हर वस्तु कि प्रकृतियों और विकृतियों को अच्छी तरह से जान लेता है।

अर्थसिद्धि परामिच्छन् धर्ममेवादितश्चरेत्।
न हि धर्मदपैत्यर्थः स्वर्गलोकादिवामृतम्।।
हिंदी में भावार्थ-नीति विशारद विदुर कहते हैं कि जिस मनुष्य के हृदय में अर्थ प्राप्त करने की इच्छा है उसे धर्म का दृढ़तापूर्वक पालन करना चाहिए। जिस तरह स्वर्ग से अमृत दूर नहीं होता उसी प्रकार धर्म से अर्थ को अलग नहीं किया जा सकता।
वर्तमान संदर्भ में संपादकीय व्याख्या-यह कहना गलत है धर्म के मार्ग पर अर्थ की प्राप्ति नहीं हो सकती। धर्म-ईमानदारी, सहजता, परमार्थ, और अपने कर्तव्य से प्रतिबद्धता-का परिणाम ही अर्थ की प्राप्ति ही है। यह अलग बात है कि जल्दी अमीर बनने या आवश्यकता से अधिक धनार्जन के के लिये लोग अपने जीवन में आक्रामक और बेईमानी की प्रवृत्ति अपना लेते हैं। इस संसार में ऐसे लोग भी है जो बेईमानी से धन कमाकर कथित रूप से प्रतिष्ठा अर्जित करते हैं। ऐसे लोगों के व्यक्तित्व का आकर्षण समाज के युवाओं को आकर्षित करता है पर उनको यह समझ लेना चाहिये कि बेईमान और भ्रष्ट लोगों को धन, प्रतिष्ठा और बाहुबल की शक्ति की वजह से सामने कोई कुछ नहीं कहता पर पीठ पीछे सभी लोग उनके प्रति घृणा का भाव दिखाने से नहीं चूकते। फिर भ्रष्ट और बेईमान लोग का धन जिस तरह बर्बाद होता है उसे भी देखना चाहिये।

नीति विशारद विदुर जी के अनुसार जिस व्यक्ति ने ज्ञान प्राप्त कर लिया वह इस संसार में व्यक्तियों, वस्तुओं और स्थितियों की प्रकृतियों और विकृतियों को अच्छी तरह समझ जाते हैं। इस ज्ञान से वह विकृतियों से परे रहने में सफल रहते हैं और प्रकृतियां उनका स्वतः ही मार्ग प्रशस्त करती हैं। अत: जितना हो सके योग साधना तथा अन्य उपायों द्वारा अपनी बुद्धि को शुद्ध रखने का प्रयास करना चाहिए।
संकलक एवं संपादक-दीपक भारतदीप,Gwalior
http://anant-shabd.blogspot.com
……………………………

यह पाठ मूल रूप से इस ब्लाग‘दीपक भारतदीप की अंतर्जाल पत्रिका’ पर लिखा गया है। अन्य ब्लाग
1.दीपक भारतदीप की शब्द लेख पत्रिका
2.शब्दलेख सारथि
3.दीपक भारतदीप का चिंतन

A mandala is a geometric pattern or chart, typically circular or square, that symbolically represents the cosmos and is used for meditation purposes. The mandala originated in the Hindu religion, in which it was first used as a design element in temples.  A mandala represents a sacred space where one can use to connect with a higher power. To many, it is a powerful tool for prayer.The word mandala is derived from the root manda, to which the suffix la, meaning container has been added. It connotes that it is a container of “essence” or of the “life force”. The mandala may symbolize both the mind and the body of  a “higher consiousness”.

I saw an error on http://www.interfaithcalendar.org/NewYears.htm, and have sent a request to correct it, which they need time to verify. They have given the Salivahana Saka Era and left out the Kaliyuga date and called it a Hindu Date.

In the meantime I decided to periodically publish the traditional Hindu Date for those who may need it and can’t find it elsewhere.

So today is :

Sveta Varaha Kalpa

Dwitiya Praradha

Vaivwaswata Manvantara

28th Caturyuga

Kaliyuga Year 5010

Virodhi Nama Samvatsara

Month Names Vary from State to State

Telugu (Sanskrit) Calendar : Magha Sukla Dwadasi Aswini Nakshatram.

I request readers of other languages, to supply the information out of their calendars. For eg, this agrees with the Hindi calendar but the Tamil Calendar is possibly in Karthikai : See Also: Tamil and Hindi Calendar Month Name Variations with Sanskrit (Telugu) Month Names

Please feel free circulate this information : Satya Sarada Kandula

“O Arjun! Yield not to unmanliness for such an attitude is not worthy of you. Casting aside your weakness of mind, therefore arise, O scorcher of enemies, and get ready for the battle.” – Sri Krishna in the Bhagavat Gita

Sri Ram threatens Ocean with a fire arrow. Painting by Harish Johari.

“To say that the 6th December episode was pre-planned is far from truth. Putting the name of Brahmalen Param Pujya Deoraha Baba in the list of indicted persons by the Liberhan Ayodhya Commission report is an insult to the whole Sant fraternity. His indictment has hurt the entire Sant fraternity and the crores of his followers. This game of naming by the Liberhan Commission is potentially provocative to the Sants and the society. Probably the Commission is provoking the Sants so that they get violent and radical. Mentioning of Atalji as a co-conspirator is also a sign of mental bankruptsy of the Commission.” – Ashok Singhal

VHP International President Ashok Singhal: Is he serious this time?

In order for the reconstruction of a magnificent temple at Sri Rama Janma Bhumi, the Sant fraternity of Bharat and the entire Hindu society and Vishva Hindu Parishad that follow its lead are resolute and geared up to offer any sacrifice. Sri Rama Janma Bhumi is a matter of our national pride and self-esteem and Dharmic certitude, faith and pan-Bharatiya cultural centripetality and integration of the national society. Somnath temple reconstruction was given a go ahead by a cabinet decision under Nehru. Taking a cue from this precedent, all the political parties should now pass a law in Parliament and handover the Sri Rama Janma Bhumi – birthplace of Lord Sri Ram – to Hindus. The Jihadi invaders destroyed thirty-thousand temples in Bharat. The Hindu society has been asking for return of three of them only, viz., Ayodhya, Mathura and Kashi. The objects & entities that stand as riotous statements showcasing our national slavery and disgrace, those symbols of shame and dishonour must be purged and the places reclaimed by the national society as a matter of struggle for cultural freedom. Only the withdrawal of claims of Muslims on these sites and the handing over of these places to Hindus by a law of parliament can ensure strength for real Hindu-Muslim unity.

Maryada Purushottam Bhagwan Sri Ram is a national hero by virtue of the veneration and faith He commands from the national society of Bharat as He was a saviour of the world who liquidated in His age the formidable kingpin of global terrorism, wickedness and sensuousness. Gandhiji’s utopia was “Ram Rajya” where righteousness, nature & environment friendly rural charm combined with urban facilities would be the rule.

It has been substantiated and demonstrated on the bases of Ground Penetrating Radar Survey (GPRS) and archaeological excavations that a pre-existing grand Hindu temple was in evidence at the site before 1528 CE which the Jihadi megalomaniac invader Babur got demolished and then got superimposed with a structure symbolising slavery and humiliation of the indigenous culture. He did not choose to go in for a virgin land, but in accordance with the Jihadi policy, targeted the birthplace of our national hero and cultural icon. The Baburi structure was, therefore, nothing but a political statement by an invader. The Hindu society never ever accepted this symbol of our disgrace and in order to reclaim its religio-cultural freedom went into battle 76 times since to liberate Sri Rama Janma Bhumi and lakhs of our compatriots became martyrs.

That signature structure of national disgrace was deconstructed on 06th December, 1992. Bhagwan Sri Ram Lala (Baby Sri Ram) had been Viraajmaan (sitting) there for long ever since His miraculous appearance at the place which event had brought immense delight & joy to the Hindu society. The Court of Law passed an order allowing prayers and ritual worships to the Viraajmaan Bhagwan at the site. Since then there remained neither any trace of mosque at the site nor was there any Namaz offered there. The site of Sri Rama Janma Bhumi has ever been a Dharmasthan of Hindus and shall ever remain so. The events of 6th December removed a structure that was on its last legs and broadened the avenues for reconstruction of a grand temple befitting the glory of Sri Rama.

The Hindus lodged a case in 1950. The case of the Muslim Waqf Board was lodged in 1962. The case ran for 40 years in the district court. It has been going on for 20 years now in the High Court. But still nowhere appears to be the end of the tunnel. Lifetimes of delay in solving this single case is a classic case of justice delayed is justice denied. Even today the case is being unduly dragged for vested interests. The delay being made by the government under the pretext of the matter being subjudice is again creating annoyance, anger and frustration in the national society. The Hindu society is tolerant, but patience also has its limits.

The passing of a High Court judgment was scheduled prior to 6th December, 1992 in a case concerning the 2.77 acres of surrounding land, excluding Sri Rama Janma Bhumi, acquired by the Uttar Pradesh government in 1991. Justice Raza – one of the members of the three-member bench of Hon’ble High Court – kept his judgment reserved and in abeyance. This act provoked the lakhs of Karsevaks present at that time in Ayodhya and the spontaneous reaction of the pent-up feelings saw the 06th December events happening. It is a moot question as to whose conspiracy it was to have the judgment reserved? Was it possible to do so without a nod from the then central government? Even as the central government has been treating this issue as very sensitive, then how come was there such a lapse on its part? The hearing of the case concerning the 2.77 acres of land, excluding the Sri Rama Janma Bhumi, had concluded on November 04, 1992. If the central government and Justice Raza had willed, the said judgment could have been spelled prior to 06th December, 1992. A timely judgment would have been the right move for a different scenario.

Deoraha Baba

To say that the 6th December episode was pre-planned is far from truth. Putting the name of Brahmalen Param Pujya Deoraha Baba in the list of indicted persons by the Liberhan Ayodhya Commission report is an insult to the whole Sant fraternity. His indictment has hurt the entire Sant fraternity and the crores of his followers. This game of naming by the Liberhan Commission is potentially provocative to the Sants and the society. Probably the Commission is provoking the Sants so that they get violent and radical. Mentioning of Atalji as a co-conspirator is also a sign of mental bankruptsy of the Commission.

We appeal to the Venerable Sants to remain ready to offer leadership to the movement. We appeal to the youth to remain ready for struggles and sacrifices. We would counsel the political parties to declare to trash the Liberhan Ayodhya Commission report and pave the way for re-construction of a grand temple at Sri Rama Janma Bhumi by a law of Parliament, otherwise the Hindu society would be compelled to recommence a huge nationwide movement after a decision to this effect is taken at the forthcoming Haridwar Purna Kumbha.

Proposed Ram temple in Ayodhya. The stones are cut and ready but Hindu leaders still dither and delay and make excuses for doing nothing.

Ashok Singhal, International President, Vishwa Hindu Parishad, Sankat Mochan Ashram, Sector-VI, Ramakrishna Puram, New Delhi-110 022
TeleFax (00-91) (011) 2610 3495, 2617 8992; Fax: 00-91-11-2619 5527
Emails: vhpintlhqs@gmail; vishwahindu@gmail; hinduvishwa@gmail

Source : “The Jewish calendar starts with the day when Adam and Eve were created (the Sixth Day of Creation). We are now in the eighth century of the sixth millennium (for example, the year 2009 corresponds to the years 5768-5769).”

• 5769 – 2009 = 3769
• So zero AD/BC corresponds to 3769 Jewish Calendar.
• Or 3769 BCE corresponds to zero in the Jewish Calendar.
• As per the Bhavishya Purana, Adama and Havyavati were the son and Daughter-In-Law of Vishnu Kardama. The traditional date for the start of Kaliyuga is 3102 BCE.
• The year (3769 – 3102 =) 567 before kaliyuga start date, is traditionally in the Sandhi of Dwapara and Kaliyugas.
• Since Adam and Eve were banished from Kardama’s Asrama in the 6th century before the start of Kaliyuga.. their descendants would have no memory of the Bharata war.

“The traditional date for Christ’s birth is 25 December 0 BC/AD, first assigned by a Roman monk called Dionysius Exiguous [Dennis the Little in English] in 525 AD. Unfortunately, when Dennis compiled a new calendar he miscalculated the reigns of Roman emperors, thereby placing the event in the wrong year. About 5 years or so too late in fact!” (Source)

Source : “The months of the Jewish calendar are referred to mostly by number in the Bible, but were also given names almost identical to the names for the Babylonian months.

1. Nissan
2. Iyar
3. Sivan
4. Tamuz
5. Av
6. Elul
7. Tishrei
8. Cheshvan
9. Kislev
10. Tevet
11. Shevat
12. Adar I
13. (Adar II)”

The 13th month looks like our adhika masa…

As per the chart below (Source) the biblical flood occured 1656 years after the birth of Adam ie in : 3769 – 1656 = 2113 BCE.

• The flood of the matsya purana occured at least 2000 years before that.
• 2113 BCE = 3102-2113 = 889 of Kaliyuga: This is about a 100 years before the arrival of Kasyapa and Aryavati in Kashmir. The biblical flood occurred about a 100 years before the date given for Aryans arriving in Kashmir, as per the Bhavishya Purana., about a 1000 years after the Mahabharata war.
• It is very interesting to look at the lifespans of the people mentioned below., they lived for an average of 900 years each and had sons after they were a century old.

As per this Source : Abraham was a descendant of Adam and he was born in the year 1950 of a dating system which starts with and places the birth of Adam in 4001 BCE. (4001 – 1950 = 2051 BCE)

There are those who like to imagine that Abram the 20th generation from Adam was the same as Brahma Pitamaha, the son of Vishnu.  This should put a stop to all such speculation.

As per this source ” So all the generations from Abraham to David were fourteen generations, and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations, and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ fourteen generations. (Matthew 1:1-17)” and there were 20 generations from Adam to Abraham. So there were 20 + 14 + 14 + 14 = 62 generations from Adam to Jesus in a span of 4000 years.

As per this source , Moses was the 13th generation from Adam.

(Mainstream historians who estimate 20 years to a generation would put Adam at : 1280 BCE and Moses at 1020 BCE, taking Jesus at 0 BCE/CE.)

Research in progress : Contents Likely To Change : Use caution while quoting.

Authorship and Copyright Notice : All Rights Reserved : Satya Sarada Kandula

The Aum symbol, or also written as Om is a big piece of a puzzle in my family, mainly between my mother and myself.

WHERE DID IT COME FROM?

Well, seeing as my mother is a very spiritual woman, the result was that most of my childhood and upbringing have been surrounded by the philosophy of spirituality. In addition, a vast majority of family and childhood friends where from India. So the Aum symbol was constantly being thrown around. It was on the walls as decoration to the parties we went too, it was on the doors and fridge magnets of the home’s we went too. It was everywhere.

WHAT AFFECT DID IT HAVE ON ME?

There is a story along with this. When I was seventeen my dear friend Suban Ta and I decided to go on an all-American College Road Trip (in Canada, I know… it was a bit ironic, but regardless that’s how we referred to it). While we were in freezing cold Ottawa we had an extra day to spare, and energy that need not go to waste. The conversation literally went as such:

S: So, you want to go get a tattoo?

E: When?

S: Right now…

*a moment of contemplation, where logic should have set in but never came*

E: why not.

I wish I was joking, but half hour later we were walking into a tattoo studio. Suban had already figured it out, knowing exactly what he wanted and where he wanted it. It was a lovely Koi Fish on his lower back. Me, on the other hand had no idea what I wanted! First I wanted a word, but that seemed to obvious, (the parentals at this point where still a big issue). So then I had settled on getting a mini Crown behind my left ear, which I was quickly talked out of because it came of as too pretentious. That’s when I saw it. Up on the wall was a perfect little Aum symbol. At this point, my mother was in India for almost 5 months and the sentimental value of getting this symbol seemed to link me directly to her even when she was so far away.

An hour later I walked out with my very first tattoo done completely on impulse behind my left ear. Today, I still don’t regret it. It remains my favorite tattoo and still has the most value to me.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN?

Good question! The Aum symbol derives from the Hindu religion meaning the absolute. In other words the source of all manifest in existence. The symbol is used in daily life very commonly, may it be displayed openly in shrines, or worn on a pendent, it is even visible on letter headings, or examination sheets. It is a sign of spiritual perfection within oneself. Aum more of a sound than a word, often chanted in a mantra of prayer. This sound is meant to bring peace and harmony together.

DUAL MEANING IN FIJI? 

When I went to Fiji this past summer, I met a Fijian woman who came up to me directly asking me what meaning the tattoo had to me. I explained to her in not so many words exactly why I got. The woman smiled, and lifted up her sleeve revealing to me that she had the same symbol tattooed on her forearm. As a mini shock, I smiled back and asked her what it meant to her.

In Fiji, it is traditional that husband and wife once married get the symbol tattooed on their arms or hands symbolizing eternal love for one another. It is believed in their culture that in the after life, the symbol will help them find one another so they can be reincarnated together. Talk about a whole new meaning to everlasting love?

This new meaning, not only made my tattoo so much more valuable to me, but it really showed me the strength and importance of this symbol within various cultures. Even though Fiji has a wide mixture of Hindu’s living there, the symbol was able evolve grasping a new meaning and creating another cultural tradition.

कौटिल्य महाराज के अनुसार
—————————-
उच्चेरुच्चस्तरामिच्छन्पदन्यायच्छतै महान्।
नवैनींचैस्तरां याति निपातभयशशकया।।
हिंदी में भावार्थ-जीवन में ऊंचाई प्राप्त करने वाला व्यक्ति महान पद् पर तो विराजमान हो जाता है पर उससे नीचे गिरने की भय और आशंका से वह नैतिक आधार पर नीचे से नीचे गिरता जाता है।
प्रमाणश्चधिकश्यापि महत्सत्वमधष्ठितः।
पदं स दत्ते शिरसि करिणः केसरी यथा।।
हिंदी में भावार्थ-प्रमाणित योग्यता से अधिक पद की इच्छा करने वाला व्यक्ति भी उस महापद पर विराजमान हो जाता है उसी प्रकार जैसे सिंह हाथी पर अधिष्ठित हो जाता है।
वर्तमान संदर्भ में संपादकीय व्याख्या-समाज के सभी क्षेत्रों में शिखर पर विराजमान पुरुषों से सामान्य पुरुष बहुत सारी अपेक्षायें करते हैं। वह उनसे अपेक्षा करते हैं कि आपात स्थिति में उनकी सहायता करें। ज्ञानी लोग ऐसी अपेक्षा नहीं करते क्योंकि वह जानते हैं कि शिखर पर आजकल कथित बड़े लोग कोई सत्य या योग्यता की सहायता से नहीं पहुंचते वरन कुछ तो तिकड़म से पहुंचते हैं तो कुछ धन शक्ति का उपयोग करते हुए। ऐसे लोग स्वयं ही इस चिंता से दीन अवस्था में रहते हैं कि पता नहीं कब उनको उस शिखर से नीचे ढकेल दिया जाये। चूंकि उच्च पद पर होते हैं इसलिये समाज कल्याण का ढकोसला करना उनको जरूरी लगता है पर वह इस बात का ध्यान रखते हैं कि उससे समाज का कोई अन्य व्यक्ति ज्ञानी या शक्तिशाली न हो जाये जिससे वह शिखर पर आकर उनको चुनौती दे सके। उच्च पद या शिखर पर बैठे लोग डरे रहते हैं और डर हमेशा क्रूरता को जन्म देता है। यही क्रूरता ऐसे शिखर पुरुषों को निम्न कोटि का बना देती है अतः उनमें दया या परोपकार का भाव ढूंढने का प्रयास नहीं करना चाहिए।
यही हाल उन लोगों का भी है जिनको योग्यता से अधिक सम्मान या पद मिल जाता है। मायावी चक्र में सम्मान और पद के भूखे लोगों से ज्ञानी होने की आशा करना व्यर्थ है। उनको तो बस यही दिखाना है कि वह जिस पद पर हैं वह अपनी योग्यता के दम पर हैं और इसलिये वह बंदरों वाली हरकतें करते हैं। अपनी अयोग्यता और अक्षमता उनको बहुत सताती है इसलिये वह बाहर कभी मूर्खतापूर्ण तो कभी क्रूरता पूर्ण हरकतें कर समाज को यह दिखाने का प्रयास करते हैं कि वह योग्य व्यक्ति हैं। ऐसे लोगों की योग्यता को अगर कोई चुनौती दे तो वह उसे अपने पद की शक्ति दिखाने लगते हैं। अपनी योग्यता से अधिक उपलब्धि पाने वाले ऐसे लोग समाज के विद्वानों, ज्ञानियों और सज्जन पुरुषों को त्रास देकर शक्ति का प्रदर्शन करते हैं। वह अपने मन में अपनी अयोग्यता और अक्षमता से उपजी कुंठा इसी तरह बाहर निकालते हैं। अतः जितना हो सके ऐसे लोगों से दूर रहा जाये। कहा भी जाता है कि घोड़े के पीछे और राजा के आगे नहीं चलना चाहिये।
आजकल हम जब किसी बड़े पदासीन व्यक्ति को देखते हैं तो यह भी नहीं समझना चाहिए कि वह कोई अधिक योग्य है क्योंकि अनेक ऐसे लोग जो अपनी योग्यता से अधिक का पद पाने  की कामना कहते हैं वह येनकेन प्रकरेन उस पद पर पहुँच जाते है,या  फिर दूसरे लोग मुखौटे की तरह उनको वहां बिठा देते हैं।
…………………………… 

यह पाठ मूल रूप से इस ब्लाग‘दीपक भारतदीप की अंतर्जाल पत्रिका’ पर लिखा गया है। अन्य ब्लाग
1.दीपक भारतदीप की शब्द लेख पत्रिका
2.शब्दलेख सारथि
3.दीपक भारतदीप का चिंतन
संकलक एवं संपादक-दीपक भारतदीप

Assalaamu Alaykum brothers and sisters,

Here is a news story from today’s Metro newspaper

Some ‘Muslims’ in Bangladesh have been jailed for cruelty to some sacred crocodiles they kept at the Khan Jahan Ali shrine where people come and give offerings to the crocodiles in the hope their offerings will be accepted and Du’a answered.

OK,  animal cruelty is haram in Islam and we know it is a major sin which can lead to the hellfire.

But what will certainly lead to the hellfire for these mushrikeen with Muslim names is calling people to give offerings to these so-called holy crocodiles and seek their blessings.

There is no excuse for such actions, it violates the principles of Tawhid and is a matter known by necessity, i.e there is no excuse of ignorance for such people on the day of judgement.

This is what happens when the Shariah of Allah is not put over the people, shaitan will misguide some of them back to the Jahiliyyah of their ancestors – this case taking some of the people of Bangladesh back to a belief system identical to the hinduism that their ancestors wisely left.

What is the difference between the Hindus keeping Monkeys at their shines and ‘Muslims’ keeping crocodiles and both seeking their blessings?

Such practices as take place as this Khan Jahan Ali Temple shrine, (we should not call it a Masjid whilst these things take place) should be stamped out, destroyed totally by the Muslims as indeed it was authentically reported from Rasoolullah (saws)…

Muslim (969) narrated that Abu’l-Hayaaj al-Asadi said: ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib said to me: “Shall I not send you with the same instructions as the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) sent me? ‘Do not leave any image without defacing it or any built-up grave without leveling it.’”

Muslim (832) narrated from ‘Urwah ibn ‘Abasah that he said to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “With what were you sent?” He said, “I was sent to uphold the ties of kinship, to break the idols, and so that Allaah would be worshipped alone with no partner or associate.”

So the Muslims of Bangladesh have a clear obligation to destroy this place of idolitry and Shirk and prevent the people from being harmed and drawn into Idol worship.

It is the secularism that is preventing them from doing so as the Shariah clearly demands it.

Do we not say at least 17 times a day during salaah…

You alone we worship, you alone we seek help from (translation of meaning of ayat 5, Surah Fatiha)

But here Muslims are not putting their trust in a false god, but in animals!

May Allah (swt) guide the Muslims, keep us on the straight path and help us bring back his law so we can lay waste to the temples of idolitry masquerading as Masaajid.

Assalaamu Alaykum,

Daw’ud, Editor

It was published on Fri May 4, 2007 10:07am EDT…

PATNA, India (Reuters) – Hundreds of people are flocking to a remote village in eastern India to catch a glimpse of an old man who has spent six years lying inside his own grave waiting to die as he mourns for his wife, officials said.

Basanta Roy claims he is 103 and spends his day clearing weeds from the grave and lying in it. Belonging to a Hindu caste who bury their dead, Roy dug his grave close to his wife’s after she died in the late 1990s.

“He cleans his grave every day and waits for his death, which seems to be eluding him,” said Shyam Narayan Ram, a senior government official from Jharkhand state.

from “Mourning man lies in own grave, and waits to die“

I was so moved by this modern day Romeo & Juliet story.  If you can provide any details or links regarding this gentleman, please post it.

Thank you.

hi this was an article i stumbled upon. i am not sure about the intention or accuracy of the article,but being from the community i think  some of the points  to be right.

Hindus of Kerala: A race destined to be refugees in its native land.

By Dr. C.I. Issac

Head of the PG Department of History, CMS College, Kottayam, Kerala

http://www.christiansofkerala.com/9.htm

The Hindus of Kerala are getting to be a minority community in their native land, is not a secret any more. When India became a republic the Hindus of this land had a population share of 61.5%. Today it progressively and gradually declined and now it reached at the level of 55%. This numerical decline caused to the Hindu community cannot be treated as an inadvertent phenomenon. This pathetic situation is the handiwork and conscious efforts of antinational forces which operated here for the last several years. Here I am not going to use this space for the detail analysis of this ‘U’ turn in the demographic structure of Kerala. But at the same time in my mind certain doubts are arising. Recent developments prove that this numerical decline of Hindus is resulting in the defeat of the community as a whole from the social, economic, cultural, political, etc like scenarios of the land. Whether this set back is without being seen or not, remains as a question to be answered.

Hindu as a community is still technically maintaining numerical majority in the demographic charts of the census department of the land. In fact this numerical upper hand is not reflecting in its social standards. It is the reality rather than a fiction. The main reason for this set back is its inherent nature of splitting up into jatis and upajatis (casts and sub casts). The chief constituent jatis of the Hindu social fabric of Kerala mainly consist of approximately 11% of SC/ST casts, 20% Nairs and 24% Ezhavas. Even though these jatis are basically Hindus, they are lacking the sense of Hindu feeling. The particular politico-economic structure that prevails over this land forbade developing such a Hindu mindset amongst them. Before analyzing the marginalization of Hindus from the various spheres of political economy of the land we must consider all the relative questions regarding the declining Hindu population.

Those who come under the purview of SC/ST category are destined to be at the bottom of the jati hierarchy due to historical reasons are now a days slowly but surely being eliminated from the political, cultural and socio-economic scenarios of the life of Kerala. The communist movement once interlaced them, were able to wipeout their innate Hindu

feeling and transplanted in its place a class feeling. No doubt to a certain extent the communists were successful in it. At the same time for decades they were able to attach this poor people as the serfs and vote banks to the party. These sections paid a good price to retain the communist party in the dental towers of political power for the last four/five decades in the state. But the party leadership and its higher political offices are still remains as ‘sour grapes’ to these poor people is still remains as a contradiction. By the way, the communist parties of Kerala were succeeded in isolating them from the age old social relations of the land but these subalterns had nothing to do with the present liberalized market economic situations. In economic scenario of Kerala these Hindu social groups are turned as big zero.

The communist parties that monopolized the leadership of the subaltern Hindu sections deliberately not attempted to make these people competent to face the challenges of the new economic order of the twenty-first century. More over the party successfully alienated these people from their noble traditions also. In the history of Malayalam literature long standing contributions were given by the subalterns. But now a day the creative genius of these sections are alienated from the main stream literary transaction through the legitimization of subaltern literature which godfathered by the communist movements all over. Here in the case of Hindu Kerala it will produce a suicidal impact over the Hindu society in general and to the subalterns in particular in the long run.

These all are about the 11% Hindus belong to the SC/ST category. The story of the 44% Hindus, inclusive of Nair and Ezhavas, quandary is not too better than that of them. Both these Hindu jatis still have sufficient potential to create an atmosphere for the Hindu unity. Unfortunately both of the jatis are too polarized. It cannot be denied that behind their polarization political reasons are too dominant. I am not ignoring the latest developments amongst the Nair, Ezhava leadership towards for a cordial coexistence. The decision of inviting Nair leadership to the 150 birth anniversary celebration of Sri Narayana Guru by Ezhava leadership is a salutiferous step towards a Hindu unity in Kerala. Kerala is known for its coalition experiments. In a state where the minority communities through their communal political parties controlling coalition politics, these polarized Hindu jatis are the major looser. In short, as compared to Christian and Muslim communities, the divided Hindu jatis are no more a pressure groups in any ruling coalitions. In general elections the Hindu jatis woos either of the two, without getting assurance of any favors.

Behind the Nair Ezhava polarization, a masqueraded minority political conspiracy is very clear. It is very clear if we analyze the events that taken place in this state since the days of Nivarthana (Abstention) agitation of 1932 to the fourteenth Lok Sabha election of 2004. At the same time the history of past assaults on the Hindu community like putting fire on the Temple of Sabari Giri, Liberation Struggle of 1958 (against first elected communist ministry), construction of church by destroying a Siva temple near the birth place of Jagath Guru Sankaracahrya’s birth place, occupation of Kottiyoor Temple land, belittling of Hindus and obstruction at the Tali Temple Renovation, construction of church at the Sabri Giri temple’s holy garden, etc arehighlighting/pointing to the absence of a Hindu sense and a sense of insecurity feeling accumulated amongst the various jatis through decades.

Without mentioning something about the economic scenario of Kerala Hindu social formations our attempt to see the challenges mounting by the demographic imbalances will not be complete. NRK (non resident Keralite) remittances as well as the income from commercial crops are the main source of the income of the state. Who controls this income? The number of the NRKs during the period 1998-2002 was 3,65,293. Of which, the 82.5% are in the Gulf countries. Out of these 82.5% NRKs in the Gulf countries during the reported years, 49.5% were Muslims and 31.5% were Christians. The Hindu share in this sector is only 19% only (See Economic Times 19 May 2003). 60.5% of the total NRK remittance was the contribution of the minority communities (See K.C. Zachariah & others, Study, report in ‘The new Indian Express’, Kochi, 22 July

2003). Again the total NRK remittance is 18,465 crore rupees and it is equivalent seven times of the state government receipts as centre budgetary support or fifteen times of the earning from the cashew export or nineteen times of the states marine export. The annual average remittance per house hold is also shown wide imbalances. A Marthomma Christian share is Rs.26,098/-, a Muslim is Rs.24,000/-, a Hindu is Rs.6,134/- and a Hindu SC is Rs725/-. (K. C. Zachria & S. Irudayarajan, CDS Study, New Indian Express, Kochi, 16th July 2004). A prominent Malayalam weekly named as ‘Malayalam’ in its editorial clearly mentioned in strong terms the inherent danger in this growing imbalance of foreign remittance. (See Malayalam Varika, Editorial, Vol. VII, No. 12, 25 July 2003). The only one aspect, i.e., the imbalances in the foreign remittance is sufficient to prove the fall of the Hindu community in the near future.

The accumulated money amongst the minorities mostly invested in lands. This ultimately reduced the Hindu share on the land holding considerably. “While examining the records of the registration (land) department, it is evident that in several districts seventy percent of the lands were purchased by the above said communities” (See Malayalam Varika, op cit). In the land holding pattern also numerically ever shrinking unorganized Hindu community is marginalizing. Through the pressure tactics exerted by the minorities, they are usually compelled/forced to discard their land holdings at a throw away price. “In certain specific districts the purchase of land is the exclusive right of a particular community. The intermediary in this deal is also their religious institutions” (See Malayalam Varika, op cit). Annihilation of Hindu land ownership is started from the days of land reforms (1977). (Plantations (rubber) were exempted from the purview of land sealing because the majority plantations are owned by the minorities. At the same time coconut and paddy lands not protected under the plantation clause because the majority owners of this category was Hindus.) Now it is in the alarming condition. All this happened what other than the lack sense of Hindu feeling and numerically ever shrinking position? The rate of the last decade’s population growth of the state is 9.42%. The Hindu majority Pathanamthitta district has shown the lowest rate of growth, i.e, 3.72%. On the other hand the Muslim dominated Malappuram district has shown 17.22% growth in the said period is the highest in the state. (See Kesari Annual, 2004, pp 98-101).

If it is the state of the art of economic condition of the Hindus, it is too pathetic and disastrous that the challenges they are facing in the cultural scenario of Kerala. The cultural domain of Kerala is very fastly subjected to the Christianization as well as Islamization. Most of the visual and print media of the state is either directly under the ownership/control of the minority communities or under their influence. This state of affair is favourable to create an atmosphere in favour of the minorities in the cultural scenario. As a result in the State School Youth Festival certain items of exclusive minority art forms with little cultural value were included and non Muslim students were prohibited from the State Arabic Youth Festival, are the best examples of the threat that the Hindus are facing. Through generations Hindus are worshipping cows. The only one state in India which legitimizes the cow slaughter is Kerala. According to the official data available with the government, 500,000 cows were slaughtered in the state during 2002 and sold out 2,49,000 tones of beef. (See The New Indian Express, Kochi, 13 August 2003). In really the real statistics of cow slaughter is far away from the official accounts. It is true that a conspiracy is going on here to make younger generation of Hindus to be beef eaters. In the name friendships the minorities are compelling the Hindu boys to share beef preparations with them. All these are the indication of Hindus alienation, is not too far, from its cultural domain.

A powerful field which can control the society is education. Now the education sector in the state is under the control of minorities who are politically influential and economically sound through NRK remittance. While minorities manages 3340 schools in the state, the entire Hindu jatis altogether be in possession of 194 schools only. The Muslim and Christian communities altogether manages 223 arts and science colleges against it all Hindu jatis together manages only 42 colleges. (See Mathrubhumi Daily, 28 September 2002). Out of the 433 professional colleges only 86 are government owned, 89 are of the Hindu managed while 258 are of the minority managed. (G.K. Suresh Babu, Kesari Annual, 2004). While all minorities are permitted to do religious instructions in their respective educational institutions, this right is denied to Hindu institutions. Here Hindu students in the minority institutions are not spared and forced to study morale classes which injecting anti Hindu ideas amongst the Hindu students. This is the best known Kerala model of secularist democratic paradigm.

How it happen so? No doubt, it is because of the reason that Hindu is economically as well as politically a marginalized group in Kerala. The lessons from the history of the ancient dead civilizations which were disintegrated due to the Semitic religions invasion, the situation is not much different from the present Hindu state of affairs in Kerala. A major share of the state exchequer is spending towards the maintenance of the education of the state. If we go through the last forty-eight years history of education in the state we can see that a Hindu minister handled the portfolio of education hardly for a period of four years and three months only; the rest period this portfolio was handled by only minority communities, is the reality. The minority ministers who managed the portfolio of education helped the minority community managements in an out of way manner. Giving to minority educational institutions a hand both the right and left coalitions are no exception. Both coalitions are still following minority appeasement as their defaco policies. The result is alarming one. Out of the states 1,99,000 school teachers all class of Hindus (inclusive of SC/ST) share is 38%only; the rest is minorities. As per the 1997 statistics Kerala has 14,200 college teachers; 76% of the college teaching communities are hailing from minority communities. (G. K. Suresh Babu, op cit). All this are some sheets of the balance sheet of an unorganized demographically ever shrinking Hindu community of Kerala.

In the health care scenario also the minorities got a clear upper hand. The whole Hindu community has only ten hospitals as their own contrary to 928 for the minorities. (Matrubhumi daily, op cit). “Two three multi specialty hospitals are functioning in every town. Who is controlling this multimillion investment sector?” (Malayalam Varika, op cit).

Similarly Hindu share in the industry, agriculture and commerce is 28, 24 and 22 percents respectively. At the same time Muslim share is 30, 23, 40 percents and Christian is 35, 40, 36 respectively. (Matrubhumi daily, op cit). I think, like the Hindus of Kerala no other section in the world is marginalized like this. In several sectors Hindus are at he back but in the case of suicides they are at the front. Kerala’s suicidal rate is above the national average, i.e, 30.5 for every lakh. A recent NGO study reveals that 92% of the total suiciding population is from Hindus, 6.5% is from Christians and 1.5% is from Muslims. Insolvency is the main reason of the mass suicides of Kerala.

Kerala government’s allotment of new self financing professional colleges turned as rude shock to the marginalized Hindus of Kerala. Due to the economic backwardness of the Hindus it is difficult to compete with the minority communities for starting professional colleges. The result will be the kick out of those who are now living as socially and economically backward in the Hindu society. In medical education field alone these people (Hindus) will loose 250 seats every year. Those Hindus come under the purview reservation will loose 3800 engineering seats and 100 MBBS seats every year. After two decades in the SC/ST sections alone will have a shortage of 74,000 engineers and 2000 doctors at the present condition.

Education and economic progress are closely linked with Kerala life. Therefore any imbalance that is arising in the educational field, even though it is negligible, will be reflected hundred times in the economic scenario. In the near future because of the educational backwardness alone Hindus will be forced to leave to periphery of the society.

In the democratic process votes are decisive factors. No doubt, the numerically ever shrinking Hindus will loose relevance in the political structure of Kerala in the near future. Since independence for every decade Hindu population in Kerala is coming down at the rate of more than one percent. If this trend is continued, with in not less than three decades Hindu will lose its majority status in the state. At present technically Hindu is a majority community. But minority religious groups have a clear sway over the political, economic and educational fields of Kerala. It is no wonder the Hindus of Kerala, who are destined to be minority in the near future will be thrown out of all field of socio economic activities. This disaster of Hindu will be a great tragedy. In 1947 Muslims of India were a minority community with a24% share. But that much strength of the Muslims led to the division of India. Nagaland and Missoram turned as Christian majority centres. Soon there broke out discontent and insurgence along with divisive tendencies. To the Christian brothers Hindu became an indigestive element in the North East. If so, what will be the history of Kerala after three decades?

note : even though i am not a religious person , i certainly think that hindus irrespective of their casts must unite as the growth of a religion comes only with unity.for that purpose i would also like to say that all indians must unite for the development of the country.

please leave a comment after reading

Rating: 4 out of 5 stars.

‘Shameful Flight’ relates the history of the final years of the British Raj in India, including the partition of India into both Pakistan (West and East) and India, and the early hostility of the two new nations destined for perpetual warfare in such regions as the Kashmir.The history of this era of political instability on the subcontinent includes all the main players from Great Britain, India and Pakistan.These main players include Winston Churchill, Viceroy Louis Mountbatten, Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Nehru and Quaid-i-Azam Jinnah. There is not a single figure in this history of India’s partition who comes out of it in a good light, though several seem to have had very well-intentioned aims and motivations. It is the true story of lost opportunity and the devastating consequences of human pride and selfishness that have reverberated down through the decades to the present day and remain visible in the continuing clashes between India and Pakistan, as well as in the extremism expressed in both the Islamic and Hindu communities throughout the sub-continent. It is a story of perpetual tragedy and human suffering with no end in sight.

This book is extremely easy to read, passes on a wealth of historical information and whets the appetite for further research on the India/Pakistan situation. It provides enlightenment, by bringing understanding to the current political instability in both India and Pakistan, by clearly revealing the root of the problem – the manner of the birth of both nations out of British imperialism and that nation’s final haphazard departure aptly described as a ‘Shameful Flight.’ This is a great book for understanding the sub-continent and the wounds it still carries to this day.

This book was provided to me for review by Oxford University Press – www.oup.com