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<channel>
	<title>icann &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/icann/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "icann"</description>
	<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 19:59:14 +0000</pubDate>

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	<language>en</language>

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<title><![CDATA[Alfabetos no latinos]]></title>
<link>http://phdellay.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/alfabetos-no-latinos/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 19:20:15 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>phdellay</dc:creator>
<guid>http://phdellay.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/alfabetos-no-latinos/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Una gran noticia para la mitad de los usuarios de internet en el mundo que no utilizan caracteres la]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Una gran noticia para la mitad de los usuarios de internet en el mundo que no utilizan caracteres latinos en sus lenguas nativas.</p>
<p>Desde el 15 de noviembre pasado es posible registrar dominios de internet tanto en idioma chino como árabe, hindi o cirilico entre otros alfabetos no latinos.      La ICANN ( Corporación de Asignación de Nombres y Números en Internet)   ha  anunciado la internacionalización del uso de carcteres no latinos en las extensiones web.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Cyber Law India ]]></title>
<link>http://easygolife.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/cyber-law-india/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 02:31:38 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>easygolife</dc:creator>
<guid>http://easygolife.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/cyber-law-india/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[With ICANN gifts on anniversary; URL will be available in regional Languages like Asian, Arabic, Jap]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>With ICANN gifts on anniversary; URL will be available in regional Languages like Asian, Arabic, Japanese, chinos, Korean etc. Here in India one more thing to cheer in.</p>
<p> The virtual world is shrinking with use of World Wide Web. The question of data security and protection become measure threat to individual and national security.</p>
<p> India’s new Cyber law came into effect on 27<sup>th</sup> October this year. It was amendment of Information technology Act of 2008.</p>
<p>&#160;</p>
<p>In<strong> 17th October, 2000,</strong> the <strong><a href="/inetpub/wwwroot/Esygolife_main/blog/ITACT2000.pdf" target="frmmain">IT Act of 2000</a> </strong>was introduced to section. It takes offence which includes</p>
<p>Ø      Any electronic offence that goes against nation</p>
<p>Ø      Regulate cyber transaction, e-commerce, and prevent computer related crimes,</p>
<p>Ø      Section 66 for cyber crime.</p>
<p>Ø      Section 66F was for cyber</p>
<p>Ø      Child Abuse</p>
<p>Ø      Child pornography</p>
<p>Ø      Prison Term of 5 year for 1<sup>st</sup> offence</p>
<p>Ø      Data theft a criminal offence</p>
<p>Ø      It included one section terrorism and life sentence</p>
<p>&#160;</p>
<p>&#160;</p>
<p>The IT Act of 2008 was modified in December 2008, known as the <strong><a href="/inetpub/wwwroot/Esygolife_main/blog/IT%20ACT%20AMENDMENTS2008.pdf">Information Technology (Amendment) Act of 2008. </a></strong></p>
<p>Ø      Beside cyber crime main emphasis  given to strengthen the law in cyber terrorism,</p>
<p>Ø       Recognizes phishing as crime, and for</p>
<p>Ø      The first time identified <strong>child porn as Separate offence.</strong></p>
<p> <strong>Any individual will serve terms in prison if he is indulging in:</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong>Ø      <strong>Sending offensive emails and MMS( Multi Media Messages)</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Data Theft</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Child Pornography</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Cyber terrorism</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Publishing sexually explicitly contents</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Video Voyeurism</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Breach of confidiality</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Any leakage of data by any intermediary</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Phishing </strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Identity theft</strong></p>
<p>Ø      <strong>Fraud on auction online sites</strong></p>
<p><strong>Minimum punishment: 3 year in prison term </strong></p>
<p><strong>Maximum: Life Imprisonment</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong> Cyber Law always there to help individual and nation. The flip side is that the government got the power to monitor all E- traffic. Only apprehension on my mind  that the information tend to misuses. If there is stringent safe guard  to misuses , then this new law will make surfer life in heaven, free of risk in surfing.</strong></p>
<p> <a href="http://www.Easygolife.biz">www.Easygolife.biz</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Lichtgeschwindigkeit 87]]></title>
<link>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/lichtgeschwindigkeit-87-2/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:10:14 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>dietmarmoews</dc:creator>
<guid>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/lichtgeschwindigkeit-87-2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Lichtgeschwindigkeit 87 PIRATEN in PRESSE die ungeschnittene Piraten-Presseschau &#8211; am Dienstag]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><!-- 		@page { margin: 2cm } 		P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Lichtgeschwindigkeit 87 PIRATEN in PRESSE</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;">die ungeschnittene Piraten-Presseschau &#8211; am Dienstag, 24. November 2009, </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;">von Dr. Dietmar Moews im Alphons-Silbermann-Zentrum Berlin Pankow; </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;">ferner Süddeutsche Zeitung und Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung vom 24. November 2009.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piratenthema heute: REVOLUTION der PIRATEN: SEX und IT. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Keine andere Partei hat begriffen, dass zwei revolutionäre Änderungen </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">eingetreten sind, noch weithin unbemerkt, aber in der ganzen Welt: </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Die paarungsfreie Nachkommenschaft – Frauen können künstlich </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">genetisch befruchtet Kinder austragen, ohne zeugende Manneskräfte. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Die I-Politik muss an die erste Stelle der Frage Mensch oder </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Robotik gestellt werden, damit die digitale Kommunikationsrevolution </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">menschliche Züge behält. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piraten in der großen Presse mit dem Neupiraten Angelika Beer, </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ehemalige Mitgründerin der GRÜNEN, Bundesvorstand von </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Bündnis 90/Die GRÜNEN und über die Landesliste Schleswig-Holstein </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">MdB und MdEP.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Die Süddeutsche Zeitung titelt mit dem steuer- und finanzpolitischen </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Drama: Länder wehren sich gegen den Bund. Angelika Beer trat </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">der Piratenpartei bei. Und zwei weitere Piratenthemen: </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Duell zwischen Microsoft/Murdoch und Google – wie sehr kann </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Kapital Macht (Murdoch) ausüben und wie sehr Intelligenz und </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Leistung (Google)? Sowie: Wo der Krieg zu Hause ist: Amerika </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ist der Kämpfe müde: So viele Soldaten kommen in Särgen aus </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">der Ferne zurück.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ICANN – das Internet bleibt in amerikanischer Hand. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Das Internet Governance Forum hat in Scharm El Scheik </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">getagt und keine ermutigenden Beschlüsse gefasst.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Ahoi – Klarmachen zum Ändern</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Produktion, Performance, Autor, Direktion: Dr. Dietmar Moews, </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piratencrew Berlin, 8 days, the beads, dietmarmoews.com</span></span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Lichtgeschwindigkeit 87]]></title>
<link>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/lichtgeschwindigkeit-87/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:03:45 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>dietmarmoews</dc:creator>
<guid>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/lichtgeschwindigkeit-87/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><span style='text-align:center; display: block;'><object width='425' height='350'><param name='movie' value='http://www.youtube.com/v/wl87DIdfWMI&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' /><param name='allowfullscreen' value='true' /><param name='wmode' value='transparent' /><embed src='http://www.youtube.com/v/wl87DIdfWMI&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' allowfullscreen='true' width='425' height='350' wmode='transparent'></embed></object></span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Lichtgeschwindigkeit 86]]></title>
<link>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/lichtgeschwindigkeit-86-2/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 19:57:15 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>dietmarmoews</dc:creator>
<guid>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/lichtgeschwindigkeit-86-2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Lichtgeschwindigkeit 86 PIRATEN in PRESSE die ungeschnittene Piraten-Presseschau &#8211; am Montag, ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><!-- 		@page { margin: 2cm } 		P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Lichtgeschwindigkeit 86 PIRATEN in PRESSE</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;">die ungeschnittene Piraten-Presseschau &#8211; am Montag, 23. November 2009, </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;">von Dr. Dietmar Moews im Alphons-Silbermann-Zentrum Berlin Pankow; </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;">ferner Süddeutsche Zeitung und Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung vom 24. November 2009.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piratenthema heute: REVOLUTION der PIRATEN: SEX und IT. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Keine andere Partei hat begriffen, dass zwei revolutionäre Änderungen </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">eingetreten sind, noch weithin unbemerkt, aber in der ganzen Welt: </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Die paarungsfreie Nachkommenschaft – Frauen können künstlich </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">genetisch befruchtet Kinder austragen, ohne zeugende Manneskräfte. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Die I-Politik muss an die erste Stelle der Frage Mensch oder Robotik </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">gestellt werden, damit die digitale Kommunikationsrevolution menschliche </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Züge behält. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piraten in der großen Presse mit dem Neupiraten Angelika Beer, </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ehemalige Mitgründerin der GRÜNEN, Bundesvorstand von </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Bündnis 90/Die GRÜNEN und über die Landesliste Schleswig-Holstein </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">MdB und MdEP.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Die Süddeutsche Zeitung titelt mit dem steuer- und finanzpolitischen </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Drama: Länder wehren sich gegen den Bund. Angelika Beer trat der </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piratenpartei bei. Und zwei weitere Piratenthemen: Duell zwischen </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Microsoft/Murdoch und Google – wie sehr kann Kapital Macht (Murdoch) </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ausüben und wie sehr Intelligenz und Leistung (Google)? Sowie: </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Wo der Krieg zu Hause ist: Amerika ist der Kämpfe müde: </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">So viele Soldaten kommen in Särgen aus der Ferne zurück.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ICANN – das Internet bleibt in amerikanischer Hand. Das Internet </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Govermance Forum hat in Scharm El Scheik getagt und keine </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">ermutigenden Beschlüsse gefasst.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Ahoi – Klarmachen zum Ändern</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Produktion, Performance, Autor, Direktion: Dr. Dietmar Moews, </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Sindbad;"><span style="font-size:small;">Piratencrew Berlin, 8 days, the beads, dietmarmoews.com</span></span></p>
<p>&#160;</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Lichtgeschwindigkeit 86]]></title>
<link>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/lichtgeschwindigkeit-86/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 19:51:58 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>dietmarmoews</dc:creator>
<guid>http://lichtgeschwindigkeit.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/lichtgeschwindigkeit-86/</guid>
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<title><![CDATA[El Parlamento Europeo aprueba casi por unanimidad la directiva de acceso a Internet]]></title>
<link>http://aldergutnewstics.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/el-parlamento-europeo-aprueba-casi-por-unanimidad-la-directiva-de-acceso-a-internet/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 17:10:37 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>aldergut</dc:creator>
<guid>http://aldergutnewstics.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/el-parlamento-europeo-aprueba-casi-por-unanimidad-la-directiva-de-acceso-a-internet/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[El dicho manido &#8220;cambiarlo todo para que nada cambie&#8221; se escenificó hoy en Estrasburgo. ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>El dicho manido &#8220;cambiarlo todo para que nada cambie&#8221; se escenificó hoy en Estrasburgo. El Parlamento Europeo dio luz verde hoy a la controvertida directiva que regula el acceso a Internet. Al final no hubo sorpresa, y la enmienda pactada el 5 de noviembre entre el Consejo y la Eurocámara sobre la regulación de las restricciones a la conexión a la Red, sin necesidad de una procedimiento judicial previo, fue aprobada casi por unanimidad con 510 votos a favor, 40 en contra y 24 abstenciones</p>
<p><!-- google_ad_section_end() --> <!-- ***** Fin de Entradilla ***** --> <!-- ***** Info complementaria ***** --></p>
<div><!-- ***** Despiece ***** --></div>
<p>En estas dos semanas, todo el interés de los grupos parlamentarios, incluyendo al Partido Pirata sueco, cuyo ideario se basa precisamente en la defensa de la libertad en Internet, ha sido convencer a la opinión pública de que no ha habido una marcha atrás respecto a la enmienda 138, aprobada el pasado mes de mayo por el Parlamento de Estrasburgo, que impedía cualquier restricción indebida del acceso de los usuarios a Internet &#8220;sin una orden judicial previa&#8221;.</p>
<p>Esa célebre enmienda, cuya contundencia era inaudita en el lenguaje comunitario, provocó la rebelión del Consejo de Ministros, y forzó a una conciliación entre el órgano ejecutivo y la Eurocámara, de la que ha salido un texto mucho más ambigüo, que señala que el acceso a Internet podrá restringirse, de ser necesario y proporcionado, &#8220;únicamente tras un procedimiento justo e imparcial, que incluya el derecho del usuario a ser escuchado&#8221;.</p>
<p>Bajo esa manga ancha legislativa se da rienda suelta a que cada Estado decida libremente los motivos que pueden conllevar al corte de conexión, desde las causas obvias (pornografía infantil o terrorismo) a las más controvertidas, como las descargas de archivos protegidos por derechos de autor (música y películas, fundamentalmente). De esta forma,s e da cabida legal a las leyes restrictivas de Francia y Reino Unido, basadas en un sistema de tres avisos y posterior corte del servicio para los internautas que realicen descargas masivas, aunque fuentes del Parlamento indicaron que se mejorarán las garantías de los internautas que se vean envueltos en procesos en estos dos países.</p>
<p>Los Estados miembros tendrán de plazo hasta mediados de 2011 para adaptar sus legislaciones nacionales a la nueva normativa. España no tiene ninguna legislación específica de las descargas, pero no tendrá problemas para trasponer la directiva, ya que el Gobierno, con el respaldo de la industria cultural, ha renunciado expresamente a adoptar la desconexión como media disuasoria para evitar las descargas de archivos protegidos por derechos de autor.</p>
<p>&#8220;Hemos apoyado la reforma porque es un primer paso en la dirección correcta&#8221;, señalaba un exultante Christian Engström, el eurodiputado del Partido Pirata. &#8220;Hubiera sido preferible contar con la autoridad judicial <em>a priori</em> como decía la enmienda original, pero con el texto que hemos apoyado se asegura la audiencia previa y la presunción de inocencia antes de cualquier medida restrictiva, aspectos que, por ejemplo ni la ley Hadopi francesa ni la ley Mandelson del Reino Unido contemplan&#8221;.</p>
<p>Engström aseguró que el siguiente paso ahora es la redacción de una <em>Declaración de Derechos de Internet</em> e invitó a unirse al resto de grupos a esta iniciativa que va a protagonizar el partido sueco.&#8221;No se puede meter a nadie en la cárcel por realizar una descarga. Y eso debe constar en una carta de derechos mínimos&#8221;, aseguró.</p>
<p>Desde el Grupo Popular, tanto Pilar del Castillo, una de las ponentes de la reforma, como Alejo Vidal-Quadras, que ha llevado las negociaciones con el Consejo, insistieron en definir la aprobación de la directiva como una victoria del Parlamento Europeo al conseguir que se reconozca Internet como un derecho fundamental con la misma categoría que, por ejemplo, la libertad de expresión. &#8220;Las garantías como un proceso previo, el derecho a ser oído y que la carga de la prueba recaiga en el organismo -ya sea judicial o administrativo- y no en el usuario de Internet, son un avance importantísimo&#8221; indicó Vidal-Quadras.</p>
<p>Por su parte, Teresa Riera, la eurodiputada socialista responsable de la negociación, asegura que es un avance respecto a la enmienda original porque se recogen derechos que no existían en aquel texto, al incorporar el mismo al Convenio Europeo para la Protección de Derechos Humanos y de las Libertades Fundamentales</p>
<p><strong>Paquete de Telecomunicaciones</strong></p>
<p>Aunque la enmienda sobre el acceso a Internet se ha llevado todos los titulares, en realidad, el PE ha aprobado una completa reforma legislativa, compuesta por dos directivas y un reglamento, denominada <em>Paquete de las Telecomunicaciones</em>, que armoniza los derechos de los usuarios y la competencia entre operadores. Entre las normas aprobadas en ese paquete destaca la de que los usuarios podrán cambiar de compañía conservando el número telefónico en un día laborable, la prohibición del <em>spam</em> (correo electrónico basura) o la necesidad de pedir permiso para instalar <em>c</em>ookies (rastros de páginas visitadas en Internet para mejorar la navegación) en los ordenadores de los usuarios.</p>
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<h3>&#8220;Una oportunidad perdida&#8221;</h3>
<p>La Asociación de Internautas considera &#8220;una oportunidad perdida&#8221; el paquete de medidas aprobado hoy. &#8220;El texto final está lejos de ser satisfactorio: mientras sí incluye algunos avances para la protección de consumidores, pesan mucho más las amenazas en contra de derechos fundamentales en el resto de la legislación&#8221;, afirma.</p>
<p>Además de admitir un corte de conexión sin control judicial previo, &#8220;no garantiza la neutralidad de la red al permitir &#8220;la gestión del tráfico&#8221; por parte de los dueños de las infraestructuras mediante filtros de contenidos y el establecimiento de preferencias lo que puede resultar en la vulneración de la privacidad y en la discriminación en el servicio de Internet&#8221;. Según la asociación, &#8220;esta falta de claridad exigirá un control estricto de todo el proceso de transposición y aplicación del nuevo marco legal europeo&#8221;.</p>
<p>Fuente: http://www.elpais.com/articulo/tecnologia/Parlamento/Europeo/aprueba/unanimidad/directiva/acceso/Internet/elpeputec/20091124elpeputec_5/Tes</p>
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<title><![CDATA[El Partido Pirata quiere impulsar la Declaración de Derechos de Internet]]></title>
<link>http://aldergutnewstics.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/el-partido-pirata-quiere-impulsar-la-declaracion-de-derechos-de-internet/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 16:53:50 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>aldergut</dc:creator>
<guid>http://aldergutnewstics.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/el-partido-pirata-quiere-impulsar-la-declaracion-de-derechos-de-internet/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[El Gobierno español y el Partido Pirata tienen un objetivo común para el año 2010: aprobar una Decla]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div id="tamano">
<p>El Gobierno español y el <a href="http://www.piratpartiet.se/" target="_blank">Partido Pirata</a> tienen un objetivo común para el año 2010: aprobar <strong>una Declaración de Derechos de Internet en la Unión Europea</strong>.</p>
<p>Tras <a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/24/navegante/1259062815.html">votar a favor del &#8216;Paquete Telecom&#8217;</a>, que da luz verde a que los Estados desconecten Internet a los usuarios que hagan un &#8216;uso ilícito&#8217; de los contenidos que circulan por la Red, el eurodiputado de esta formación política sueca ha avanzado que <strong>a partir de ahora, defenderá reforzar los derechos de los internautas con una Declaración supranacional</strong>.</p>
<p>&#8220;El &#8216;Paquete Telecom&#8217; <strong>no es perfecto</strong>, pero <strong>es el primer paso en la dirección correcta</strong>&#8220;, ha afirmado el diputado del Partido Pirata, <strong>Christian Engström</strong>, en un encuentro informal con un grupo reducido de periodistas españoles</p>
<p>El marco idóneo para esa meta será la presidencia española de la Unión Europea, que arrancará en enero, y entre otros objetivos se ha marcado el aprobar una <a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/09/03/navegante/1251987452.html">Carta de Derechos de los usuarios de telecomunicaciones</a> en mayo de 2010, según ha reconocido después a los periodistas la coordinadora socialista en la Comisión de la Sociedad de la Información, Teresa Riera.</p>
<h3>Neutralidad, o Skype en el móvil</h3>
<p>Entre otras medidas, el Partido Pirata <strong>defenderá que esa Declaración recoja el principio de neutralidad de la Red</strong> para que los operadores no puedan bloquear ningún servicio a los usuarios.</p>
<p>En la actualidad, algunas compañías de telefonía móvil impiden a sus clientes utilizar servicios como <a href="http://www.skype.com/" target="_blank">Skype</a>, la herramienta para hablar por Internet gratis con cualquier parte del mundo, por <strong>temor a una caída brutal de sus ingresos por voz ahora que los dispositivos 3G y las tarifas planas de internet en el móvil se están extendiendo</strong>.</p>
<p>&#8220;Skype es una idea brillante y queremos que los usuarios lo puedan disfrutar&#8221;, ha explicado Engström.</p>
<p>La Declaración de Derechos de Internet <strong>también es apoyada por el Grupo Verde en Bruselas y previsiblemente tendrá nuevos apoyos</strong>. &#8220;En la Comisión Europea se ha empezado a comprender que Internet es importante para la sociedad y tenemos que aprovecharlo&#8221;, ha afirmado el eurodiputado del partido sueco.</p>
<p>El Partido Pirata, que defiende la libertad en Internet incluso en las desgargas de contenidos, <strong>ha votado a favor de la desconexión de la Red sin autorización judicial previa porque considera que las medidas que acompañan esta controvertida legilación refuerzan las garantías de los usuarios de telecomunicaciones</strong> en la Unión Europea y en especial, en Francia y Reino Unido, dos países partidarios de cortar la Red para atajar el intercambio en la Red de archivos protegidos por derechos de propiedad intelectual.</p>
<p>Fuente: http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/24/navegante/1259065907.html</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Domain quốc tế: Một kỷ nguyên mới của Internet]]></title>
<link>http://domain1hosting1gltec.wordpress.com/2009/11/23/domain-quoc-te-mot-ky-nguyen-moi-cua-internet/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2009 08:55:45 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>domain1hosting1gltec</dc:creator>
<guid>http://domain1hosting1gltec.wordpress.com/2009/11/23/domain-quoc-te-mot-ky-nguyen-moi-cua-internet/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Việc cho phép sử dụng các tên miền quốc tế bao gồm cả các ký tự không phải là chữ cái Latinh từ năm ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Việc cho phép sử dụng các tên miền quốc tế bao gồm cả các ký tự không phải là chữ cái Latinh từ năm ]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Will IDNs Pose the Next Big Security Threat]]></title>
<link>http://ciip.wordpress.com/2009/11/22/will-idns-pose-the-next-big-security-threat/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 12:52:10 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>CIIP</dc:creator>
<guid>http://ciip.wordpress.com/2009/11/22/will-idns-pose-the-next-big-security-threat/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Last week ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) Which is the International bod]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Last week ICANN  (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) Which is the International body responsible for, among other things, administering the domain name system (DNS) announced that Countries can now apply for website domain names and TLDs &#8220;Top Level Domain Names&#8221; that are non-Roman characters. With countries like Egypt, China , Israel and Russia already applying for Arabic ,Chinese , Hebrew and Cyrillic respectively. marking the true beginning of IDNs (International Domain Names).</p>
<p>Experts expect the new breed of URLs to surface within a year, ICANN Chairman Peter Dengate Thrush noted in a statement, &#8220;The IDN program will encompass close to one hundred thousand characters, opening up the Internet to billions of potential users around the globe.&#8221; </p>
<blockquote><p>
“This is the biggest technical change to the Internet’s addressing system – the Domain Name System – in many years,” said Tina Dam, ICANN’s senior director of Internationalized Domain Names. “Right now, it’s not possible to get a domain name entirely in, for example, Chinese characters or Arabic characters. This is about to change.” </p></blockquote>
<p>My Comment :<br />
I think its a good step to increase the accessibility and usability of the Internet but it&#8217;s unlikely to come without a cost.</p>
<p>There is no way that we can properly manage this new system  without DNSsec, which must be an international  priority now. </p>
<p>DNS Security measures will need to be taken very seriously. The incidental difference between BankofAmerica.com from BánkofAmerica.com is just a small example of how criminals can exploit the new system.</p>
<p>Not to mention the foreseeable technical challenges in properly identifying the new breed of Phishing sites and SPAM Servers&#8230;etc, to sum it up this will be the biggest challenge to date facing the internet critical resources.</p>
<p>Former ICANN CEO stated back in 2006 that &#8220;There are 37 possible characters that can be used in domain names, but if non-English letters are allowed, this number would rise to 50,000 or more, ( My Comment: Actually more like a 100,000 )  said Twomey. He added that this could create problems where, for example, a character in Urdu looks identical to one in Arabic. This would confuse the system and make it difficult to direct users to the right website every time.</p>
<p>ICANN Announcement: <a href="http://www.icann.org/en/topics/idn/fast-track/">HERE </a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[United States Retains Grip on the Internet [blog 8]]]></title>
<link>http://iamgus.wordpress.com/2009/11/20/united-states-retains-grip-on-the-internet-blog-8/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 17:36:10 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Gus</dc:creator>
<guid>http://iamgus.wordpress.com/2009/11/20/united-states-retains-grip-on-the-internet-blog-8/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Internet still under US grip: forum delegates by Jailan Zayan, 11/18/09, Yahoo! Tech News Even thoug]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><a href="http://tech.yahoo.com/news/afp/20091118/tc_afp/internetgovernanceforumicann">Internet still under US grip: forum delegates<br />
by Jailan Zayan, 11/18/09, Yahoo! Tech News</a></p>
<p>Even though The United States made moves to loosen its grip, participants at a governance forum decided that they are still in the driver&#8217;s seat.</p>
<p>The US Commerce Department and ICANN agreed on bringing more accountability to the body. The IGF then claimed that the US has too much of a stake in ICANN, as a result exercises too much control and must be replaced by an international one.</p>
<p>&#8220;The US still has a key to the back door.&#8221; -Keisuke Kamimura, senior researcher at the Center for Global Communications, International University of Japan.</p>
<p>In order to make the body more global, review panels will be constructed of representatives from governments other than the US. The developing world is making an effort to be better represented and one Chinese civil society group has claimed that the entire body must be scrapped and replaced by one under the UN.</p>
<p>While ICANN manages the DNS, international countries have recently been enabled to register for domains in their own script. The problem is that Muslim countries and others typically opposed to the US have been having difficulty registering their domains, showing too much power in the hands of the United States.</p>
<p><strong>Response</strong></p>
<p>It was discussed throughout chapter 7 in Free For a Fee that the United States had more of a say in the international matters of the Internet than others and that they used trade status to push it further.</p>
<p>While it does seem silly to have the entire DNS controlled in the United States, if not there, where? Ideally it does not matter where it is controlled, but rather should be much more objective in the cooperation of registering these new foreign domain names. It does seem as though the US is pushing it to their advantage but it is hard to believe that any country would go about doing so without abusing it in one way or another. I do not use that logic to justify the actions of the US, just stating what is realistic, which is often far from ideal.</p>
<p>It does seem a bit more realistic for it to be done under a group such as the UN. Making the global growth of the Internet happen in a fair way will require the control of it to be in the hands of an unbiased party. It seems as the UN is closer to that as anything else. While I shouldn&#8217;t complain that the US retains the biggest piece of the pie, it does seem unfair. One could argue that they have the biggest stake in the IP pool to protect, but that doesn&#8217;t mean more countries shouldn&#8217;t be involved in determining how this pool gets covered every winter.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[The History of the Internet in a Nutshell.]]></title>
<link>http://tryandtest.wordpress.com/2009/11/20/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 11:52:52 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Try And Test</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tryandtest.wordpress.com/2009/11/20/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[If you’re reading this article, it’s likely that you spend a fair amount of time online. However, co]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>If you’re reading this article, it’s likely that you spend a fair amount of time online. However, considering how much of an influence the Internet has in our daily lives, how many of us <em>actually</em> know the story of how it got its start?</p>
<p>Here’s a brief history of the Internet, including important dates, people, projects, sites, and other information that should give you at least a partial picture of what this thing we call the Internet really is, and where it came from.</p>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-01_history_lead_image.jpg" alt="The History of the Internet in a Nutshell" width="550" height="250" /></p>
<p>While the complete history of the Internet could easily fill a few books, this article should familiarize you with key milestones and events related to the growth and evolution of the Internet between 1969 to 2009.</p>
<h3>1969: Arpanet</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arpnet-map-march-1977.png"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-02_arpanetmap1977.jpg" alt="Arpanet" width="550" height="358" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET">Arpanet</a> was the first real network to run on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_switching">packet switching</a> technology (new at the time). On the October 29, 1969, computers at Stanford and UCLA connected for the first time. In effect, they were the first hosts on what would one day become the Internet.</p>
<p>The first message sent across the network was supposed to be &#8220;Login&#8221;, but reportedly, the link between the two colleges crashed on the letter &#8220;g&#8221;.</p>
<h3>1969: Unix</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-03_unix.png" alt="Unix" width="550" height="268" /></p>
<p>Another major milestone during the 60’s was the inception of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix">Unix</a>: the operating system whose design heavily influenced that of Linux and FreeBSD (the operating systems most popular in today’s web servers/web hosting services).</p>
<h3>1970: Arpanet network</h3>
<p>An Arpanet network was established between Harvard, MIT, and BBN (the company that created the &#8220;interface message processor&#8221; computers used to connect to the network) in 1970.</p>
<h3>1971: Email</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-04_email.jpg" alt="Email" width="550" height="284" /></p>
<p>Email was first developed in 1971 by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Tomlinson">Ray Tomlinson</a>, who also made the decision to use the &#8220;@&#8221; symbol to separate the user name from the computer name (which later on became the domain name).</p>
<h3>1971: Project Gutenberg and eBooks</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Michael_Hart_and_Gregory_Newby_at_HOPE_Conference.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-05_project_gutenberg.jpg" alt="Project Gutenberg and eBooks" width="550" height="275" /></a></p>
<p>One of the most impressive developments of 1971 was <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:The_History_and_Philosophy_of_Project_Gutenberg_by_Michael_Hart">the start of Project Gutenberg</a>. Project Gutenberg, for those unfamiliar with the site, is a global effort to make books and documents in the public domain available electronically–for free–in a variety of eBook and electronic formats.</p>
<p>It began when <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Hart">Michael Hart</a> gained access to a large block of computing time and came to the realization that the future of computers wasn’t in computing itself, but in the storage, retrieval and searching of information that, at the time, was only contained in libraries. He manually typed (no <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition">OCR</a> at the time) the &#8220;Declaration of Independence&#8221; and launched Project Gutenberg to make information contained in books widely available in electronic form. In effect, this was the <strong>birth of the eBook</strong>.</p>
<h3>1972: CYCLADES</h3>
<p>France began its own Arpanet-like project in 1972, called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a>. While Cyclades was eventually shut down, it did <strong>pioneer a key idea</strong>: the host computer should be responsible for data transmission rather than the network itself.</p>
<h3>1973: The first trans-Atlantic connection and the popularity of emailing</h3>
<p>Arpanet made its first <strong>trans-Atlantic connection</strong> in 1973, with the University College of London. During the same year, <strong>email accounted for 75%</strong> of all Arpanet network activity.</p>
<h3>1974: The beginning of TCP/IP</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-06_internet_transmission.png" alt="The beginning of TCP/IP" width="550" height="270" /></p>
<p>1974 was a breakthrough year. A <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0675.txt">proposal</a> was published to link Arpa-like networks together into a so-called &#8220;inter-network&#8221;, which would have no central control and would work around a transmission control protocol (which eventually became <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol_Suite">TCP/IP</a>).</p>
<h3>1975: The email client</h3>
<p>With the popularity of emailing, the first <strong>modern email program</strong> was developed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mail#US_Government">John Vittal</a>, a programmer at the University of Southern California in 1975. The biggest technological advance this program (called MSG) made was the addition of <strong>&#8220;Reply&#8221;</strong> and <strong>&#8220;Forward&#8221;</strong> functionality.</p>
<h3>1977: The PC modem</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dale_Heatherington_with_80-103.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-07_dalehetherington.jpg" alt="The PC modem" width="500" height="312" /></a></p>
<p>1977 was a big year for the development of the Internet as we know it today. It’s the year the first <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayes_Communications">PC modem</a>, developed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Hayes">Dennis Hayes</a> and <a href="http://www.wa4dsy.net/robot/home/about">Dale Heatherington</a>, was introduced and initially <strong>sold to computer hobbyists</strong>.</p>
<h3>1978: The Bulletin Board System (BBS)</h3>
<p>The first <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_System">bulletin board system</a> (BBS) was developed during a blizzard in Chicago in 1978.</p>
<h3>1978: Spam is born</h3>
<p>1978 is also the year that brought the first <strong>unsolicited commercial email message</strong> (later known as <strong>spam</strong>), sent out to 600 California Arpanet users by Gary Thuerk.</p>
<h3>1979: MUD – The earliest form of multiplayer games</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MUDscreen.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-08_mud.jpg" alt="MUD - The earliest form of multiplayer games" width="550" height="276" /></a></p>
<p>The precursor to <a href="http://www.worldofwarcraft.com/">World of Warcraft</a> and <a href="http://secondlife.com/?u">Second Life</a> was developed in 1979, and was called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-User_Dungeon">MUD</a> (short for MultiUser Dungeon). MUDs were entirely <strong>text-based virtual worlds</strong>, combining elements of role-playing games, interactive, fiction, and <strong>online chat</strong>.</p>
<h3>1979: Usenet</h3>
<p>1979 also ushered into the scene: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet">Usenet</a>, created by two graduate students. Usenet was an <strong>internet-based discussion system</strong>, allowing people from around the globe to converse about the same topics by posting public messages categorized by newsgroups.</p>
<h3>1980: ENQUIRE software</h3>
<p>The European Organization for Nuclear Research (better known as <a href="http://public.web.cern.ch/public/">CERN</a>) launched <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enquire">ENQUIRE</a> (written by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a>), a hypertext program that allowed scientists at the particle physics lab to keep track of people, software, and projects using hypertext (hyperlinks).</p>
<h3>1982: The first emoticon</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-09_first_emoticon.png" alt="The first emoticon" width="550" height="200" /></p>
<p>While many people credit Kevin MacKenzie with the invention of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoticon">emoticon</a> in 1979, it was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Fahlman">Scott Fahlman</a> in 1982 who proposed using<strong> <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </strong> after a joke, rather than the original -) proposed by MacKenzie. The <strong>modern emoticon was born</strong>.</p>
<h3>1983: Arpanet computers switch over to TCP/IP</h3>
<p>January 1, 1983 was the deadline for Arpanet computers to <strong>switch over to the TCP/IP protocols</strong> developed by Vinton Cerf. A few hundred computers were affected by the switch. The name server was also developed in ‘83.</p>
<h3>1984: Domain Name System (DNS)</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Domain_name_space.svg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-10_domain_name_space.png" alt="Domain Name System (DNS)" width="550" height="425" /></a></p>
<p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System">domain name system</a> was created in 1984 along with the first Domain Name Servers (DNS). The domain name system was important in that it made <strong>addresses on the Internet more human-friendly</strong> compared to its numerical IP address counterparts. DNS servers allowed Internet users to type in an easy-to-remember domain name and then converted it to the IP address automatically.</p>
<h3>1985: Virtual communities</h3>
<p>1985 brought the development of <a href="http://www.well.com/">The WELL</a> (short for Whole Earth ‘Lectronic Link), one of the oldest virtual communities still in operation. It was developed by Stewart Brand and Larry Brilliant in February of ‘85. It started out as a community of the readers and writers of the Whole Earth Review and was an open but &#8220;remarkably literate and uninhibited intellectual gathering&#8221;. Wired Magazine once called The Well &#8220;<strong>The most influential online community in the world.</strong>&#8220;</p>
<h3>1986: Protocol wars</h3>
<p>The so-called Protocol wars began in 1986. European countries at that time were pursuing the <strong>Open Systems Interconnection</strong> (OSI), while the United States was using the <strong>Internet/Arpanet protocol</strong>, which eventually won out.</p>
<h3>1987: The Internet grows</h3>
<p>By 1987, there were nearly <strong>30,000 hosts on the Internet</strong>. The original Arpanet protocol had been limited to 1,000 hosts, but the adoption of the TCP/IP standard made larger numbers of hosts possible.</p>
<h3>1988: IRC – Internet Relay Chat</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Xaric_screen_shot.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-11_irc.jpg" alt="IRC - Internet Relay Chat" width="550" height="222" /></a></p>
<p>Also in 1988, Internet Relay Chat (IRC) was first deployed, paving the way for <strong>real-time chat</strong> and the instant messaging programs we use today.</p>
<h3>1988: First major malicious internet-based attack</h3>
<p>One of the first major Internet worms was released in 1988. Referred to as &#8220;The Morris Worm&#8221;, it was written by Robert Tappan Morris and caused <strong>major interruptions</strong> across large parts of the Internet.</p>
<h3>1989: AOL is launched</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.washington.edu/pine/graphics/pico.gif"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-12_aol.png" alt="AOL is launched" width="550" height="285" /></a></p>
<p>When Apple pulled out of the AppleLink program in 1989, the project was renamed and America Online was born. AOL, still in existence today, later on made the Internet <strong>popular amongst the average internet users</strong>.</p>
<h3>1989: The proposal for the World Wide Web</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal-msw.html"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-13_wwwdiagram.jpg" alt="The Proposal for the World Wide Web" width="512" height="458" /></a></p>
<p>1989 also brought about the <a href="http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html">proposal for the World Wide Web</a>, written by Tim Berners-Lee. It was originally published in the March issue of MacWorld, and then redistributed in May 1990. It was written to persuade CERN that a global hypertext system was in CERN’s best interest. It was <strong>originally called &#8220;Mesh&#8221;</strong>; the term &#8220;World Wide Web&#8221; was coined while Berners-Lee was writing the code in 1990.</p>
<h3>1990: First commercial dial-up ISP</h3>
<p>1990 also brought about the first commercial dial-up Internet provider, <a href="http://www.theworld.com/">The World</a>. The same year, Arpanet ceased to exist.</p>
<h3>1990: World Wide Web protocols finished</h3>
<p>The code for the World Wide Web was written by Tim Berners-Lee, based on his proposal from the year before, along with the standards for HTML, HTTP, and URLs.</p>
<h3>1991: First web page created</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-15_firstwebpage.png" alt="First web page created" width="550" height="386" /></a></p>
<p>1991 brought some major innovations to the world of the Internet. The <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ.html#Examples">first web page</a> was created and, much like the first email explained what email was, its purpose was to explain what the World Wide Web was.</p>
<h3>1991: First content-based search protocol</h3>
<p>Also in the same year, the first search protocol that examined file contents instead of just file names was launched, called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_%28protocol%29">Gopher</a>.</p>
<h3>1991: MP3 becomes a standard</h3>
<p>Also, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mp3">MP3</a> file format was accepted as a standard in 1991. MP3 files, being highly compressed, later become a <strong>popular file format to share songs and entire albums</strong> via the internet.</p>
<h3>1991: The first webcam</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-16_first_webcam.png" alt="The first webcam" width="550" height="200" /></p>
<p>One of the more interesting developments of this era, though, was the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trojan_Room_coffee_pot">first webcam</a>. It was deployed at a Cambridge University computer lab, and its sole purpose was to monitor a particular coffee maker so that lab users could avoid wasted trips to an empty coffee pot.</p>
<h3>1993: Mosaic – first graphical web browser for the general public</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NCSA_Mosaic.PNG"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-18_mosaic.jpg" alt="Mosaic - first graphical web browser for the general public" width="550" height="399" /></a></p>
<p>The first <strong>widely downloaded Internet browser</strong>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_%28web_browser%29">Mosaic</a>, was released in 1993. While Mosaic wasn’t the first web browser, it is considered the first browser to make the Internet easily accessible to non-techies.</p>
<h3>1993: Governments join in on the fun</h3>
<p>In 1993, both the White House and the United Nations came online, marking the beginning of the <strong>.gov</strong> and <strong>.org </strong>domain names.</p>
<h3>1994: Netscape Navigator</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mosaic_Netscape_0.9_on_Windows_XP.png"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-19_netscapenavigator.jpg" alt="Netscape Navigator" width="550" height="511" /></a></p>
<p>Mosaic’s first big competitor, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netscape_navigator">Netscape Navigator</a>, was released the year following (1994).</p>
<h3>1995: Commercialization of the internet</h3>
<p>1995 is often considered the first year the web became commercialized. While there were commercial enterprises online prior to ‘95, there were a few key developments that happened that year. First, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer">SSL</a> (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption was developed by Netscape, making it <strong>safer to conduct financial transactions</strong> (like credit card payments) <strong>online</strong>.</p>
<p>In addition, two major online businesses got their start the same year. The first sale on &#8220;Echo Bay&#8221; was made that year. Echo Bay later became <a href="http://ebay.com/">eBay</a>. <a href="http://amazon.com/">Amazon.com</a> also started in 1995, though it didn’t turn a profit for six years, until 2001.</p>
<h3>1995: Geocities, the Vatican goes online, and JavaScript</h3>
<p>Other major developments that year included the launch of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geocities">Geocities</a> (which officially closed down on October 26, 2009).</p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.vatican.va/">Vatican</a> also went online for the first time.</p>
<p><strong>Java</strong> and <strong>JavaScript</strong> (originally called LiveScript by its creator, <a title="Brendan Eich" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendan_Eich">Brendan Eich</a>, and deployed as part of the Netscape Navigator browser  – <a href="http://sixrevisions.com/resources/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/#comment-51324">see comments for explanation</a>) was first introduced to the public in 1995. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activex">ActiveX</a> was launched by Microsoft the following year.</p>
<h3>1996: First web-based (webmail) service</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotmail"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-17_hotmail.png" alt="First web-based (webmail) service" width="550" height="241" /></a></p>
<p>In 1996, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotmail">HoTMaiL</a> (the <em>capitalized letters are an homage to HTML</em>), the first webmail service, was launched.</p>
<h3>1997: The term &#8220;weblog&#8221; is coined</h3>
<p>While the first blogs had been around for a few years in one form or another, 1997 was the first year the term &#8220;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weblog">weblog</a>&#8221; was used.</p>
<h3>1998: First new story to be broken online instead of traditional media</h3>
<p>In 1998, the first major news story to be broken online was the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewinsky_scandal#Denial_and_subsequent_admission">Bill Clinton/Monica Lewinsky scandal</a> (also referred to as &#8220;Monicagate&#8221; among other nicknames), which was posted on <a href="http://www.drudgereport.com/">The Drudge Report</a> <strong>after Newsweek killed the story</strong>.</p>
<h3>1998: Google!</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-21_google.png" alt="Google!" width="550" height="294" /></p>
<p><a href="http://google.com/">Google</a> went live in 1998, revolutionizing the way in which people find information online.</p>
<h3>1998: Internet-based file-sharing gets its roots</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Napster_2.0_Beta_7_screenshot.png"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-20_napster.png" alt="Internet-based file-sharing starts to become popular" width="550" height="293" /></a></p>
<p>In 1998 as well, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napster">Napster</a> launched, opening up the gates to mainstream file-sharing of audio files over the internet.</p>
<h3>1999: SETI@home project</h3>
<p>1999 is the year when one of the more interesting projects ever brought online: the <a href="http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/">SETI@home</a> project, launched. The project has created the equivalent of a giant supercomputer by harnessing the computing power of more than 3 million computers worldwide, using their processors whenever the screensaver comes on, indicating that the computer is idle. The program analyzes radio telescope data to look for <strong>signs of extraterrestrial intelligence</strong>.</p>
<h3>2000: The bubble bursts</h3>
<p>2000 was the year of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotcom_bubble#The_bubble_bursts">dotcom collapse</a>, resulting in huge losses for legions of investors. Hundreds of companies closed, some of which had never turned a profit for their investors. The NASDAQ, which listed a large number of tech companies affected by the bubble, peaked at over 5,000, then lost 10% of its value in a single day, and finally hit bottom in October of 2002.</p>
<h3>2001: Wikipedia is launched</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-22_wikipedia.png" alt="Wikipedia is launched" width="550" height="392" /></p>
<p>With the dotcom collapse still going strong, <a href="http://wikipedia.org/">Wikipedia</a> launched in 2001, one of the websites that paved the way for <strong>collective web content generation/social media</strong>.</p>
<h3>2003: VoIP goes mainstream</h3>
<p>In 2003: <a href="http://skype.com/">Skype</a> is released to the public, giving a user-friendly interface to Voice over IP calling.</p>
<h3>2003: MySpace becomes the most popular social network</h3>
<p>Also in 2003, <a href="http://myspace.com/">MySpace</a> opens up its doors. It later grew to be the <strong>most popular social network at one time</strong> (thought it has since been overtaken by Facebook).</p>
<h3>2003: CAN-SPAM Act puts a lid on unsolicited emails</h3>
<p>Another major advance in 2003 was the signing of the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003, better known as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN-SPAM_Act">CAN-SPAM Act</a>.</p>
<h3>2004: Web 2.0</h3>
<p>Though coined in 1999 by Darcy DiNucci, the term &#8220;Web 2.0&#8243;, referring to websites and Rich Internet Applications (RIA) that are <strong>highly interactive</strong> and <strong>user-driven</strong> became popular around 2004. During the first Web 2.0 conference, John Batelle and Tim O’Reilly described the concept of &#8220;<strong>the Web as a Platform</strong>&#8220;: software applications built to take advantage of internet connectivity, moving away from the desktop (which has downsides such as operating system dependency and lack of interoperability).</p>
<h3>2004: Social Media and Digg</h3>
<p>The term &#8220;social media&#8221;, believed to be first used by Chris Sharpley, was coined in the same year that &#8220;Web 2.0&#8243; became a mainstream concept. Social media–sites and web applications that allow its users to create and share content and to connect with one another–started around this period.</p>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-23_digg.png" alt="Social Media and Digg" width="550" height="192" /></p>
<p><a href="http://digg.com/">Digg</a>, a <strong>social news site</strong>, launched on November of 2004, paving the way for sites such as <a href="http://www.reddit.com/">Reddit</a>, <a href="http://www.mixx.com/">Mixx</a>, and <a href="http://buzz.yahoo.com/">Yahoo! Buzz</a>. Digg revolutionized traditional means of generating and finding web content, democratically promoting news and web links that are reviewed and voted on by a community.</p>
<h3>2004: &#8220;The&#8221; Facebook open to college students</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-24_facebook.png" alt="&#34;The&#34; Facebook open to college students" width="550" height="192" /></p>
<p><a href="http://facebook.com/">Facebook</a> launched in 2004, though at the time it was <strong>only open to college students</strong> and was called &#8220;The Facebook&#8221;; later on, &#8220;The&#8221; was dropped from the name, though the URL <a href="http://thefacebook.com/">http://www.thefacebook.com</a> still works.</p>
<h3>2005: YouTube – streaming video for the masses</h3>
<p><a href="http://youtube.com/">YouTube</a> launched in 2005, bringing free online video hosting and sharing to the masses.</p>
<h3>2006: Twitter gets twittering</h3>
<p><a href="http://twitter.com/">Twitter</a> launched in 2006. It was originally going to be called <strong>twittr</strong> (inspired by Flickr); the first Twitter message was &#8220;just setting up my twttr&#8221;.</p>
<h3>2007: Major move to place TV shows online</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-25_hulu.jpg" alt="Major move to place TV shows online" width="550" height="367" /></p>
<p><a href="http://hulu.com/">Hulu</a> was first launched in 2007, a joint venture between ABC, NBC, and Fox to make popular TV shows available to watch online.</p>
<h3>2007: The iPhone and the Mobile Web</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-26_iphone.jpg" alt="The Mobile Web" width="550" height="329" /></p>
<p>The biggest innovation of 2007 was almost certainly the <a href="http://www.apple.com/iphone/">iPhone</a>, which was almost wholly responsible for renewed interest in <strong>mobile web</strong> applications and design.</p>
<h3>2008: &#8220;Internet Election&#8221;</h3>
<p>The first &#8220;<a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2008/The-Internet-and-the-2008-Election.aspx">Internet election</a>&#8221; took place in 2008 with the U.S. Presidential election. It was the first year that national candidates took full advantage of all the Internet had to offer. Hillary Clinton jumped on board early with <strong>YouTube campaign videos</strong>. Virtually every candidate had a Facebook page or a Twitter feed, or both.</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ron_Paul,_official_Congressional_photo_portrait,_2007.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-27_ron_paul.jpg" alt="Ron Paul" width="550" height="320" /></a></p>
<p>Ron Paul set a <strong>new fundraising record by raising $4.3 million in a single day</strong> through online donations, and then <a href="http://themoderatevoice.com/16547/ron-paul-campaign-breaks-own-fundraising-record/">beat his own record</a> only weeks later by raising $4.4 million in a single day.</p>
<p>The 2008 elections placed the Internet squarely at the forefront of politics and campaigning, a trend that is unlikely to change any time in the near future.</p>
<h3>2009: ICANN policy changes</h3>
<p>2009 brought about one of the biggest changes to come to the Internet in a long time when the U.S. <a href="http://news.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=09/09/30/1633208">relaxed its control</a> over ICANN, the official naming body of the Internet (they’re the organization in charge of registering domain names).</p>
<h3>The Future?</h3>
<p>Where is the future of the Internet headed? Share your opinions in the comments section.</p>
<p>original post From  <a href="http://sixrevisions.com/resources/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/" target="_blank">Sixrevisions.com</a></p>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="overflow:hidden;position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:13914px;width:1px;height:1px;">
<p>you’re reading this article, it’s likely that you spend a fair amount of time online. However, considering how much of an influence the Internet has in our daily lives, how many of us <em>actually</em> know the story of how it got its start?</p>
<p>Here’s a brief history of the Internet, including important dates, people, projects, sites, and other information that should give you at least a partial picture of what this thing we call the Internet really is, and where it came from.</p>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-01_history_lead_image.jpg" alt="The History of the Internet in a Nutshell" width="550" height="250" /></p>
<p><span id="more-1958"> </span></p>
<p>While the complete history of the Internet could easily fill a few books, this article should familiarize you with key milestones and events related to the growth and evolution of the Internet between 1969 to 2009.</p>
<h3>1969: Arpanet</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arpnet-map-march-1977.png"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-02_arpanetmap1977.jpg" alt="Arpanet" width="550" height="358" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET">Arpanet</a> was the first real network to run on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_switching">packet switching</a> technology (new at the time). On the October 29, 1969, computers at Stanford and UCLA connected for the first time. In effect, they were the first hosts on what would one day become the Internet.</p>
<p>The first message sent across the network was supposed to be &#8220;Login&#8221;, but reportedly, the link between the two colleges crashed on the letter &#8220;g&#8221;.</p>
<h3>1969: Unix</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-03_unix.png" alt="Unix" width="550" height="268" /></p>
<p>Another major milestone during the 60’s was the inception of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix">Unix</a>: the operating system whose design heavily influenced that of Linux and FreeBSD (the operating systems most popular in today’s web servers/web hosting services).</p>
<h3>1970: Arpanet network</h3>
<p>An Arpanet network was established between Harvard, MIT, and BBN (the company that created the &#8220;interface message processor&#8221; computers used to connect to the network) in 1970.</p>
<h3>1971: Email</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-04_email.jpg" alt="Email" width="550" height="284" /></p>
<p>Email was first developed in 1971 by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Tomlinson">Ray Tomlinson</a>, who also made the decision to use the &#8220;@&#8221; symbol to separate the user name from the computer name (which later on became the domain name).</p>
<h3>1971: Project Gutenberg and eBooks</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Michael_Hart_and_Gregory_Newby_at_HOPE_Conference.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-05_project_gutenberg.jpg" alt="Project Gutenberg and eBooks" width="550" height="275" /></a></p>
<p>One of the most impressive developments of 1971 was <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:The_History_and_Philosophy_of_Project_Gutenberg_by_Michael_Hart">the start of Project Gutenberg</a>. Project Gutenberg, for those unfamiliar with the site, is a global effort to make books and documents in the public domain available electronically–for free–in a variety of eBook and electronic formats.</p>
<p>It began when <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Hart">Michael Hart</a> gained access to a large block of computing time and came to the realization that the future of computers wasn’t in computing itself, but in the storage, retrieval and searching of information that, at the time, was only contained in libraries. He manually typed (no <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition">OCR</a> at the time) the &#8220;Declaration of Independence&#8221; and launched Project Gutenberg to make information contained in books widely available in electronic form. In effect, this was the <strong>birth of the eBook</strong>.</p>
<h3>1972: CYCLADES</h3>
<p>France began its own Arpanet-like project in 1972, called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a>. While Cyclades was eventually shut down, it did <strong>pioneer a key idea</strong>: the host computer should be responsible for data transmission rather than the network itself.</p>
<h3>1973: The first trans-Atlantic connection and the popularity of emailing</h3>
<p>Arpanet made its first <strong>trans-Atlantic connection</strong> in 1973, with the University College of London. During the same year, <strong>email accounted for 75%</strong> of all Arpanet network activity.</p>
<h3>1974: The beginning of TCP/IP</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-06_internet_transmission.png" alt="The beginning of TCP/IP" width="550" height="270" /></p>
<p>1974 was a breakthrough year. A <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0675.txt">proposal</a> was published to link Arpa-like networks together into a so-called &#8220;inter-network&#8221;, which would have no central control and would work around a transmission control protocol (which eventually became <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol_Suite">TCP/IP</a>).</p>
<h3>1975: The email client</h3>
<p>With the popularity of emailing, the first <strong>modern email program</strong> was developed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mail#US_Government">John Vittal</a>, a programmer at the University of Southern California in 1975. The biggest technological advance this program (called MSG) made was the addition of <strong>&#8220;Reply&#8221;</strong> and <strong>&#8220;Forward&#8221;</strong> functionality.</p>
<h3>1977: The PC modem</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dale_Heatherington_with_80-103.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-07_dalehetherington.jpg" alt="The PC modem" width="500" height="312" /></a></p>
<p>1977 was a big year for the development of the Internet as we know it today. It’s the year the first <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayes_Communications">PC modem</a>, developed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Hayes">Dennis Hayes</a> and <a href="http://www.wa4dsy.net/robot/home/about">Dale Heatherington</a>, was introduced and initially <strong>sold to computer hobbyists</strong>.</p>
<h3>1978: The Bulletin Board System (BBS)</h3>
<p>The first <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_Board_System">bulletin board system</a> (BBS) was developed during a blizzard in Chicago in 1978.</p>
<h3>1978: Spam is born</h3>
<p>1978 is also the year that brought the first <strong>unsolicited commercial email message</strong> (later known as <strong>spam</strong>), sent out to 600 California Arpanet users by Gary Thuerk.</p>
<h3>1979: MUD – The earliest form of multiplayer games</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MUDscreen.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-08_mud.jpg" alt="MUD - The earliest form of multiplayer games" width="550" height="276" /></a></p>
<p>The precursor to <a href="http://www.worldofwarcraft.com/">World of Warcraft</a> and <a href="http://secondlife.com/?u">Second Life</a> was developed in 1979, and was called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-User_Dungeon">MUD</a> (short for MultiUser Dungeon). MUDs were entirely <strong>text-based virtual worlds</strong>, combining elements of role-playing games, interactive, fiction, and <strong>online chat</strong>.</p>
<h3>1979: Usenet</h3>
<p>1979 also ushered into the scene: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet">Usenet</a>, created by two graduate students. Usenet was an <strong>internet-based discussion system</strong>, allowing people from around the globe to converse about the same topics by posting public messages categorized by newsgroups.</p>
<h3>1980: ENQUIRE software</h3>
<p>The European Organization for Nuclear Research (better known as <a href="http://public.web.cern.ch/public/">CERN</a>) launched <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enquire">ENQUIRE</a> (written by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a>), a hypertext program that allowed scientists at the particle physics lab to keep track of people, software, and projects using hypertext (hyperlinks).</p>
<h3>1982: The first emoticon</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-09_first_emoticon.png" alt="The first emoticon" width="550" height="200" /></p>
<p>While many people credit Kevin MacKenzie with the invention of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoticon">emoticon</a> in 1979, it was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Fahlman">Scott Fahlman</a> in 1982 who proposed using<strong> <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </strong> after a joke, rather than the original -) proposed by MacKenzie. The <strong>modern emoticon was born</strong>.</p>
<h3>1983: Arpanet computers switch over to TCP/IP</h3>
<p>January 1, 1983 was the deadline for Arpanet computers to <strong>switch over to the TCP/IP protocols</strong> developed by Vinton Cerf. A few hundred computers were affected by the switch. The name server was also developed in ‘83.</p>
<h3>1984: Domain Name System (DNS)</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Domain_name_space.svg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-10_domain_name_space.png" alt="Domain Name System (DNS)" width="550" height="425" /></a></p>
<p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System">domain name system</a> was created in 1984 along with the first Domain Name Servers (DNS). The domain name system was important in that it made <strong>addresses on the Internet more human-friendly</strong> compared to its numerical IP address counterparts. DNS servers allowed Internet users to type in an easy-to-remember domain name and then converted it to the IP address automatically.</p>
<h3>1985: Virtual communities</h3>
<p>1985 brought the development of <a href="http://www.well.com/">The WELL</a> (short for Whole Earth ‘Lectronic Link), one of the oldest virtual communities still in operation. It was developed by Stewart Brand and Larry Brilliant in February of ‘85. It started out as a community of the readers and writers of the Whole Earth Review and was an open but &#8220;remarkably literate and uninhibited intellectual gathering&#8221;. Wired Magazine once called The Well &#8220;<strong>The most influential online community in the world.</strong>&#8220;</p>
<h3>1986: Protocol wars</h3>
<p>The so-called Protocol wars began in 1986. European countries at that time were pursuing the <strong>Open Systems Interconnection</strong> (OSI), while the United States was using the <strong>Internet/Arpanet protocol</strong>, which eventually won out.</p>
<h3>1987: The Internet grows</h3>
<p>By 1987, there were nearly <strong>30,000 hosts on the Internet</strong>. The original Arpanet protocol had been limited to 1,000 hosts, but the adoption of the TCP/IP standard made larger numbers of hosts possible.</p>
<h3>1988: IRC – Internet Relay Chat</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Xaric_screen_shot.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-11_irc.jpg" alt="IRC - Internet Relay Chat" width="550" height="222" /></a></p>
<p>Also in 1988, Internet Relay Chat (IRC) was first deployed, paving the way for <strong>real-time chat</strong> and the instant messaging programs we use today.</p>
<h3>1988: First major malicious internet-based attack</h3>
<p>One of the first major Internet worms was released in 1988. Referred to as &#8220;The Morris Worm&#8221;, it was written by Robert Tappan Morris and caused <strong>major interruptions</strong> across large parts of the Internet.</p>
<h3>1989: AOL is launched</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.washington.edu/pine/graphics/pico.gif"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-12_aol.png" alt="AOL is launched" width="550" height="285" /></a></p>
<p>When Apple pulled out of the AppleLink program in 1989, the project was renamed and America Online was born. AOL, still in existence today, later on made the Internet <strong>popular amongst the average internet users</strong>.</p>
<h3>1989: The proposal for the World Wide Web</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal-msw.html"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-13_wwwdiagram.jpg" alt="The Proposal for the World Wide Web" width="512" height="458" /></a></p>
<p>1989 also brought about the <a href="http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html">proposal for the World Wide Web</a>, written by Tim Berners-Lee. It was originally published in the March issue of MacWorld, and then redistributed in May 1990. It was written to persuade CERN that a global hypertext system was in CERN’s best interest. It was <strong>originally called &#8220;Mesh&#8221;</strong>; the term &#8220;World Wide Web&#8221; was coined while Berners-Lee was writing the code in 1990.</p>
<h3>1990: First commercial dial-up ISP</h3>
<p>1990 also brought about the first commercial dial-up Internet provider, <a href="http://www.theworld.com/">The World</a>. The same year, Arpanet ceased to exist.</p>
<h3>1990: World Wide Web protocols finished</h3>
<p>The code for the World Wide Web was written by Tim Berners-Lee, based on his proposal from the year before, along with the standards for HTML, HTTP, and URLs.</p>
<h3>1991: First web page created</h3>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-15_firstwebpage.png" alt="First web page created" width="550" height="386" /></a></p>
<p>1991 brought some major innovations to the world of the Internet. The <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ.html#Examples">first web page</a> was created and, much like the first email explained what email was, its purpose was to explain what the World Wide Web was.</p>
<h3>1991: First content-based search protocol</h3>
<p>Also in the same year, the first search protocol that examined file contents instead of just file names was launched, called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_%28protocol%29">Gopher</a>.</p>
<h3>1991: MP3 becomes a standard</h3>
<p>Also, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mp3">MP3</a> file format was accepted as a standard in 1991. MP3 files, being highly compressed, later become a <strong>popular file format to share songs and entire albums</strong> via the internet.</p>
<h3>1991: The first webcam</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-16_first_webcam.png" alt="The first webcam" width="550" height="200" /></p>
<p>One of the more interesting developments of this era, though, was the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trojan_Room_coffee_pot">first webcam</a>. It was deployed at a Cambridge University computer lab, and its sole purpose was to monitor a particular coffee maker so that lab users could avoid wasted trips to an empty coffee pot.</p>
<h3>1993: Mosaic – first graphical web browser for the general public</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NCSA_Mosaic.PNG"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-18_mosaic.jpg" alt="Mosaic - first graphical web browser for the general public" width="550" height="399" /></a></p>
<p>The first <strong>widely downloaded Internet browser</strong>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_%28web_browser%29">Mosaic</a>, was released in 1993. While Mosaic wasn’t the first web browser, it is considered the first browser to make the Internet easily accessible to non-techies.</p>
<h3>1993: Governments join in on the fun</h3>
<p>In 1993, both the White House and the United Nations came online, marking the beginning of the <strong>.gov</strong> and <strong>.org </strong>domain names.</p>
<h3>1994: Netscape Navigator</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mosaic_Netscape_0.9_on_Windows_XP.png"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-19_netscapenavigator.jpg" alt="Netscape Navigator" width="550" height="511" /></a></p>
<p>Mosaic’s first big competitor, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netscape_navigator">Netscape Navigator</a>, was released the year following (1994).</p>
<h3>1995: Commercialization of the internet</h3>
<p>1995 is often considered the first year the web became commercialized. While there were commercial enterprises online prior to ‘95, there were a few key developments that happened that year. First, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer">SSL</a> (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption was developed by Netscape, making it <strong>safer to conduct financial transactions</strong> (like credit card payments) <strong>online</strong>.</p>
<p>In addition, two major online businesses got their start the same year. The first sale on &#8220;Echo Bay&#8221; was made that year. Echo Bay later became <a href="http://ebay.com/">eBay</a>. <a href="http://amazon.com/">Amazon.com</a> also started in 1995, though it didn’t turn a profit for six years, until 2001.</p>
<h3>1995: Geocities, the Vatican goes online, and JavaScript</h3>
<p>Other major developments that year included the launch of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geocities">Geocities</a> (which officially closed down on October 26, 2009).</p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.vatican.va/">Vatican</a> also went online for the first time.</p>
<p><strong>Java</strong> and <strong>JavaScript</strong> (originally called LiveScript by its creator, <a title="Brendan Eich" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendan_Eich">Brendan Eich</a>, and deployed as part of the Netscape Navigator browser  – <a href="http://sixrevisions.com/resources/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/#comment-51324">see comments for explanation</a>) was first introduced to the public in 1995. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activex">ActiveX</a> was launched by Microsoft the following year.</p>
<h3>1996: First web-based (webmail) service</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotmail"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-17_hotmail.png" alt="First web-based (webmail) service" width="550" height="241" /></a></p>
<p>In 1996, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotmail">HoTMaiL</a> (the <em>capitalized letters are an homage to HTML</em>), the first webmail service, was launched.</p>
<h3>1997: The term &#8220;weblog&#8221; is coined</h3>
<p>While the first blogs had been around for a few years in one form or another, 1997 was the first year the term &#8220;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weblog">weblog</a>&#8221; was used.</p>
<h3>1998: First new story to be broken online instead of traditional media</h3>
<p>In 1998, the first major news story to be broken online was the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewinsky_scandal#Denial_and_subsequent_admission">Bill Clinton/Monica Lewinsky scandal</a> (also referred to as &#8220;Monicagate&#8221; among other nicknames), which was posted on <a href="http://www.drudgereport.com/">The Drudge Report</a> <strong>after Newsweek killed the story</strong>.</p>
<h3>1998: Google!</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-21_google.png" alt="Google!" width="550" height="294" /></p>
<p><a href="http://google.com/">Google</a> went live in 1998, revolutionizing the way in which people find information online.</p>
<h3>1998: Internet-based file-sharing gets its roots</h3>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Napster_2.0_Beta_7_screenshot.png"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-20_napster.png" alt="Internet-based file-sharing starts to become popular" width="550" height="293" /></a></p>
<p>In 1998 as well, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napster">Napster</a> launched, opening up the gates to mainstream file-sharing of audio files over the internet.</p>
<h3>1999: SETI@home project</h3>
<p>1999 is the year when one of the more interesting projects ever brought online: the <a href="http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/">SETI@home</a> project, launched. The project has created the equivalent of a giant supercomputer by harnessing the computing power of more than 3 million computers worldwide, using their processors whenever the screensaver comes on, indicating that the computer is idle. The program analyzes radio telescope data to look for <strong>signs of extraterrestrial intelligence</strong>.</p>
<h3>2000: The bubble bursts</h3>
<p>2000 was the year of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotcom_bubble#The_bubble_bursts">dotcom collapse</a>, resulting in huge losses for legions of investors. Hundreds of companies closed, some of which had never turned a profit for their investors. The NASDAQ, which listed a large number of tech companies affected by the bubble, peaked at over 5,000, then lost 10% of its value in a single day, and finally hit bottom in October of 2002.</p>
<h3>2001: Wikipedia is launched</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-22_wikipedia.png" alt="Wikipedia is launched" width="550" height="392" /></p>
<p>With the dotcom collapse still going strong, <a href="http://wikipedia.org/">Wikipedia</a> launched in 2001, one of the websites that paved the way for <strong>collective web content generation/social media</strong>.</p>
<h3>2003: VoIP goes mainstream</h3>
<p>In 2003: <a href="http://skype.com/">Skype</a> is released to the public, giving a user-friendly interface to Voice over IP calling.</p>
<h3>2003: MySpace becomes the most popular social network</h3>
<p>Also in 2003, <a href="http://myspace.com/">MySpace</a> opens up its doors. It later grew to be the <strong>most popular social network at one time</strong> (thought it has since been overtaken by Facebook).</p>
<h3>2003: CAN-SPAM Act puts a lid on unsolicited emails</h3>
<p>Another major advance in 2003 was the signing of the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003, better known as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN-SPAM_Act">CAN-SPAM Act</a>.</p>
<h3>2004: Web 2.0</h3>
<p>Though coined in 1999 by Darcy DiNucci, the term &#8220;Web 2.0&#8243;, referring to websites and Rich Internet Applications (RIA) that are <strong>highly interactive</strong> and <strong>user-driven</strong> became popular around 2004. During the first Web 2.0 conference, John Batelle and Tim O’Reilly described the concept of &#8220;<strong>the Web as a Platform</strong>&#8220;: software applications built to take advantage of internet connectivity, moving away from the desktop (which has downsides such as operating system dependency and lack of interoperability).</p>
<h3>2004: Social Media and Digg</h3>
<p>The term &#8220;social media&#8221;, believed to be first used by Chris Sharpley, was coined in the same year that &#8220;Web 2.0&#8243; became a mainstream concept. Social media–sites and web applications that allow its users to create and share content and to connect with one another–started around this period.</p>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-23_digg.png" alt="Social Media and Digg" width="550" height="192" /></p>
<p><a href="http://digg.com/">Digg</a>, a <strong>social news site</strong>, launched on November of 2004, paving the way for sites such as <a href="http://www.reddit.com/">Reddit</a>, <a href="http://www.mixx.com/">Mixx</a>, and <a href="http://buzz.yahoo.com/">Yahoo! Buzz</a>. Digg revolutionized traditional means of generating and finding web content, democratically promoting news and web links that are reviewed and voted on by a community.</p>
<h3>2004: &#8220;The&#8221; Facebook open to college students</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-24_facebook.png" alt="&#34;The&#34; Facebook open to college students" width="550" height="192" /></p>
<p><a href="http://facebook.com/">Facebook</a> launched in 2004, though at the time it was <strong>only open to college students</strong> and was called &#8220;The Facebook&#8221;; later on, &#8220;The&#8221; was dropped from the name, though the URL <a href="http://thefacebook.com/">http://www.thefacebook.com</a> still works.</p>
<h3>2005: YouTube – streaming video for the masses</h3>
<p><a href="http://youtube.com/">YouTube</a> launched in 2005, bringing free online video hosting and sharing to the masses.</p>
<h3>2006: Twitter gets twittering</h3>
<p><a href="http://twitter.com/">Twitter</a> launched in 2006. It was originally going to be called <strong>twittr</strong> (inspired by Flickr); the first Twitter message was &#8220;just setting up my twttr&#8221;.</p>
<h3>2007: Major move to place TV shows online</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-25_hulu.jpg" alt="Major move to place TV shows online" width="550" height="367" /></p>
<p><a href="http://hulu.com/">Hulu</a> was first launched in 2007, a joint venture between ABC, NBC, and Fox to make popular TV shows available to watch online.</p>
<h3>2007: The iPhone and the Mobile Web</h3>
<p><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-26_iphone.jpg" alt="The Mobile Web" width="550" height="329" /></p>
<p>The biggest innovation of 2007 was almost certainly the <a href="http://www.apple.com/iphone/">iPhone</a>, which was almost wholly responsible for renewed interest in <strong>mobile web</strong> applications and design.</p>
<h3>2008: &#8220;Internet Election&#8221;</h3>
<p>The first &#8220;<a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2008/The-Internet-and-the-2008-Election.aspx">Internet election</a>&#8221; took place in 2008 with the U.S. Presidential election. It was the first year that national candidates took full advantage of all the Internet had to offer. Hillary Clinton jumped on board early with <strong>YouTube campaign videos</strong>. Virtually every candidate had a Facebook page or a Twitter feed, or both.</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ron_Paul,_official_Congressional_photo_portrait,_2007.jpg"><img src="http://images.sixrevisions.com/2009/11/09-27_ron_paul.jpg" alt="Ron Paul" width="550" height="320" /></a></p>
<p>Ron Paul set a <strong>new fundraising record by raising $4.3 million in a single day</strong> through online donations, and then <a href="http://themoderatevoice.com/16547/ron-paul-campaign-breaks-own-fundraising-record/">beat his own record</a> only weeks later by raising $4.4 million in a single day.</p>
<p>The 2008 elections placed the Internet squarely at the forefront of politics and campaigning, a trend that is unlikely to change any time in the near future.</p>
<h3>2009: ICANN policy changes</h3>
<p>2009 brought about one of the biggest changes to come to the Internet in a long time when the U.S. <a href="http://news.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=09/09/30/1633208">relaxed its control</a> over ICANN, the official naming body of the Internet (they’re the organization in charge of registering domain names).</p>
<h3>The Future?</h3>
<p>Where is the future of the Internet headed? Share your opinions in the comments section.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Nichtlateinische TLDs]]></title>
<link>http://heinka.wordpress.com/2009/11/18/nichtlateinische-tlds/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 18 Nov 2009 09:28:53 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>heinka</dc:creator>
<guid>http://heinka.wordpress.com/2009/11/18/nichtlateinische-tlds/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Die Anzahl der bislang bei der Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) eingereich]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div>
<div>Die Anzahl der bislang bei der Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers (<a href="http://www.icann.org/" target="_blank">ICANN</a>) eingereichten <strong>Anträge auf internationalisierte Domain-Namen</strong> beläuft sich derzeit auf <strong>sechs</strong>! Dazu gehören beispielsweise Russland, Ägypten, Saudi-Arabien.</div>
<div><strong>Der erste Antrag auf eine nichtlateinische TLD</strong> kommt von <strong>der ägyptischen Regierung</strong>. Es geht hierbei um die TLD &#8220;.misr&#8221;; das heißt übersetzt &#8220;.egypt&#8221;. Das ist gleichzeitig auch der erste Antrag auf eine Top-Level-Domain (TLD) in arabischer Sprache.</div>
<p>Mit der Einführung nichtlateinischer TLDs bzw. internationalisierter TLDs wird es möglich, dass Akzentbuchstaben, Umlaute und Zeichen aus Sprachen, die nicht das lateinische Alphabet verwenden, als Top Level Domain Anwendung finden.</p>
<p>Alle <strong>neu beantragten nichtlateinischen TLDs</strong> werden zunächst von der ICANN geprüft, ob sie technisch sicher sind und den Namen des jeweiligen Landes angemessen repräsentierten. Sollte man Probleme voraussehen, kann ein Antrag seitens der ICANN abgelehnt werden.</p>
<p>So könnte es beispielsweise bei einigen kyrillischen Zeichen zu Schwierigkeiten kommen, da es eine große Ähnlichkeit mit lateinischen und griechischen Buchstaben gibt.</p>
<p>Es ist auf jeden Fall eine große Herausforderung, anstelle der bisher nur zugelassenen <strong>26 Zeichen zukünftig 106.000 Zeichen</strong> zuzulassen!</p>
<p><strong>Da wird Einsicht seitens der Beantragenden erwartet und in manch einem konkreten Falle vonnöten sein</strong>!</p>
<p>Quelle: <a title="http://www.zdnet.de/news/digitale_wirtschaft_internet_ebusiness_aegypten_beantragt_erste_arabische_top_level_domain_story-39002364-41522949-1.htm" href="http://www.zdnet.de/news/digitale_wirtschaft_internet_ebusiness_aegypten_beantragt_erste_arabische_top_level_domain_story-39002364-41522949-1.htm" target="_blank">zdnet.de/news</a></p>
<p>Siehe auch: <a title="http://www.portel.de/nc/nachricht/artikel/41240-eu-kommission-begruesst-einfuehrung-von-domaenen-mit-nicht-lateinische-schriftzeichen/12/" href="http://www.portel.de/nc/nachricht/artikel/41240-eu-kommission-begruesst-einfuehrung-von-domaenen-mit-nicht-lateinische-schriftzeichen/12/" target="_blank">portel.de/nc</a></p>
<p>Siehe auch: <a title="http://www.golem.de/0911/71252.html" href="http://www.golem.de/0911/71252.html" target="_blank">golem.de</a></p>
<p>Siehe auch: <a title="http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1632063/" href="http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1632063/" target="_blank">futurezone.orf.at</a></p>
<p>Siehe auch: <a title="http://www.pressetext.ch/news/091117032/aegypten-will-erste-arabische-top-level-domain/" href="http://www.pressetext.ch/news/091117032/aegypten-will-erste-arabische-top-level-domain/" target="_blank">pressetext.ch/news</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Tic’s News – GOVERNANCE SECTION – November 17th, 2009.]]></title>
<link>http://aldergutnewstics.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/tic%e2%80%99s-news-%e2%80%93-governance-section-%e2%80%93-november-17th-2009/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 18:06:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>aldergut</dc:creator>
<guid>http://aldergutnewstics.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/tic%e2%80%99s-news-%e2%80%93-governance-section-%e2%80%93-november-17th-2009/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Breves Sociedad Egipto crea .misr, primer nombre de dominio de internet en árabe Discuten en Egipto ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&#38;q=http://www.eluniversal.com/2009/11/17/ten_art_breves-sociedad_1658320.shtml&#38;ct=ga&#38;cd=pdFGgO5UqaY&#38;usg=AFQjCNHC2FdckDeLJYbVkshoQBe0yQKaBQ">Breves Sociedad</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&#38;q=http://www.nacion.com/ln_ee/2009/noviembre/15/aldea2161174.html&#38;ct=ga&#38;cd=pdFGgO5UqaY&#38;usg=AFQjCNH9coaaoD-cvwIDMyZEN5qbDa-RQA">Egipto crea .misr, primer nombre de dominio de internet en árabe</a></p>
<h2><a href="http://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?option=com_content&#38;task=view&#38;id=137790&#38;Itemid=1" target="_self">Discuten en Egipto sobre libertades, desafíos y manejo de Internet</a></h2>
<p><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&#38;q=http://www.finanzas.com/noticias/empresas/2009-11-17/218385_ceuropa-trabaja-para-paises-interfieran.html&#38;ct=ga&#38;cd=byfu5p0j2gM&#38;usg=AFQjCNGhLWB2fswpHUs8p0j-6uNFrCx7hw">C.Europa trabaja para que países no interfieran en acceso a &#8230;</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&#38;q=http://www.imass.com.ar/despachos.asp%3Fcod_des%3D53270%26ID_Seccion%3D10&#38;ct=ga&#38;cd=byfu5p0j2gM&#38;usg=AFQjCNHG0u03CEClj007SgIdK_7pQHOBUw">Los alfabetos no latinos ganan soberanía en Internet</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&#38;q=http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch%3FCALLER%3DES_NEWS%26ACTION%3DD%26SESSION%3D%26RCN%3D31475&#38;ct=ga&#38;cd=byfu5p0j2gM&#38;usg=AFQjCNGTUyAeouI7HyqtKrJuzCa3tJb08w">El informe MASIS hace hincapié en las actividades de «Ciencia y &#8230;</a></p>
<h2><a href="http://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?option=com_content&#38;task=view&#38;id=138021&#38;Itemid=1" target="_self">Egipto anuncia primer dominio en árabe de la web</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/16/navegante/1258361053.html" target="_self">&#8216;.Misr&#8217;, el primer nombre de dominio en árabe</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hBG4egtWTcZbwRgSlUQDIcqkjLhA" target="_self">Egipto crea .misr, el primer dominio de Internet en lengua árabe</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.elpais.com/articulo/tecnologia/ONU/advierte/brecha/digital/crece/elpeputec/20091116elpeputec_1/Tes" target="_self">La ONU advierte que la brecha digital crece</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.yucatan.com.mx/noticia.asp?cx=9$0200000000$4191686&#38;f=20091115" target="_self">Egipto solicita primer dominio cibernético con nombre en árabe</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?option=com_content&#38;task=view&#38;id=137790&#38;Itemid=1" target="_self">Discuten en Egipto sobre libertades, desafíos y manejo de Internet</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.adn.es/internacional/20091114/NWS-0149-DDHH-ONU-Gobernanza-Internet-Consejo.html" target="_self">El Consejo de Europa promueve el respeto de los DDHH en el Foro de &#8230;</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.afrol.com/es/articulos/34724" target="_self">África estudia soluciones para aumentar su acceso a Internet</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.fayerwayer.com/2009/11/egipto-obtiene-el-primer-dominio-en-internet-en-arabe/" target="_self">Egipto obtiene el primer dominio en internet en árabe</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.weblog.com.ar/2009/11/16/el-primer-dominio-de-internet-en-arabe-pertenece-a-egipto/" target="_self">El primer dominio de Internet en árabe pertenece a Egipto</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.latercera.com/contenido/659_201275_9.shtml" target="_self">ONU denuncia crecimiento de la brecha digital en el mundo</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://baquia.com/actualidad/noticias/15507/egipto-tendra-el-primer-dominio-en-arabe" target="_self">Egipto tendrá el primer dominio en árabe</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.revistadeinternet.com/ONLINE/OFFLINE/3231/2009/11/16/Crece-la-brecha-digital" target="_self">Crece la brecha digital</a></h2>
<h2><a href="http://www.telam.com.ar/vernota.php?tipo=N&#38;idPub=167948&#38;id=325572&#38;dis=1&#38;sec=1" target="_self">.Misr, el primer nombre de dominio en árabe</a></h2>
<h4><a title="Cultura creará para Internet un 'observatorio' de propiedad intelectual" href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/16/navegante/1258370551.html">Cultura creará para Internet un &#8216;observatorio&#8217; de propiedad intelectual</a></h4>
<h4><a title="'Internet ya habla árabe'" href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/16/navegante/1258361053.html">&#8216;Internet ya habla árabe&#8217;</a></h4>
<p><a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/16/navegante/1258370021.html"><strong>China pide el dominio &#8216;Zhongguo&#8217;</strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/11/16/navegante/1258384523.html"><strong>Rusia: primer dominio en cirílico</strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/10/30/navegante/1256892805.html">El alfabeto latino deberá &#8216;compartir sus dominios&#8217;</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Ägypten will erste arabische Top-Level-Domain]]></title>
<link>http://topzeitung.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/agypten-will-erste-arabische-top-level-domain/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 16:45:40 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>topzeitung</dc:creator>
<guid>http://topzeitung.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/agypten-will-erste-arabische-top-level-domain/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Das ägyptische Ministerium für Kommunikations- und Informationstechnologie http://www.mcit.gov.eg ha]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><!-- LIVING AD - VIDEOADD CONTENT START //-->Das ägyptische Ministerium für Kommunikations- und Informationstechnologie <a href="http://www.mcit.gov.eg" target="_blank">http://www.mcit.gov.eg</a> hat bekannt gegeben, dass sich das Land um die erste arabische Top-Level-Domain (TLD) im Web beworben hat.</p>
<p>Der arabische Landesnahme, ausgesprochen &#8220;misr&#8221;, wird somit in arabischen Schriftzeichen zur gültigen Domainendung im Web, das so an Internationalität gewinnt.</p>
<p><a href="http://topzeitung.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/logo_gratiszeitung_sml24.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1094" src="http://topzeitung.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/logo_gratiszeitung_sml24.jpg?w=300" alt="" width="300" height="75" /></a><br />
Der Gastgeber des diesjährigen Internet Governance Forum (IGF) <a href="http://www.intgovforum.org" target="_blank">http://www.intgovforum.org</a> macht somit als erster vom gerade gestarteten IDN ccTLD Fast Track Process Gebrauch.</p>
<p>In diesem Verfahren vergibt die internationale Domainverwaltungsbehörde ICANN <a href="http://www.icann.org" target="_blank">http://www.icann.org</a> erstmals länderspezifische Domain-Endungen (ccTLDs) in arabischen, chinesischen, kyrillischen und anderen nicht-lateinischen Schriftzeichen &#8211; eine Neuerung, auf die viele Länder lange gewartet hatten.</p>
<p><strong>Neue Domains für große Nationen</strong></p>
<p>Nicht nur Ägypten will sich eine TLD in Landessprache sichern. &#8220;Auch Russland und Saudi-Arabien haben bereits eingereicht&#8221;, so Richard Wein, Geschäftsführer der österreichischen Registrierungsstelle nic.at</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Egypt registers first domain name in Arabic]]></title>
<link>http://novostite.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/egypt-registers-first-domain-name-in-arabic/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 11:05:24 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>novostite</dc:creator>
<guid>http://novostite.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/egypt-registers-first-domain-name-in-arabic/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Egyptian Communication and Information Technology Minister Tarek Kamel announced that the country ha]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Egyptian Communication and Information Technology Minister Tarek Kamel announced that the country had filed an application for the &#8220;.misr&#8221; (&#8220;.Egypt&#8221;) domain name (مصر‎ in Arabic) at an Internet conference sponsored by the United Nations. According to Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) chief executive Rod Beckstrom, six countries have applied for domains in three languages since the internet regulator opened up the use of non Latin scripts yesterday.<br />
&#8220;Now we can really say that Internet will speak Arabic,&#8221; said Kamel at the start of the Internet Governance Forum (IGF)&#8217;s fourth conference at Sharm el-Sheikh.<br />
The opening of Internet Domain Names (IDN) to non Latin characters is the fruit of six years of discussions and technical work, resulting in the ICANN voting on October 30 to allow the new domain names. It has called the move the &#8220;biggest change&#8221; to the internet &#8220;since it was invented 40 years ago&#8221;.<br />
&#8220;Over half the internet users around the world don&#8217;t use a Latin-based script as their native language,&#8221; commented Rod Beckstrom, president of the ICANN. &#8220;IDNs are about making the internet more global and accessible for everyone.&#8221;</p>
<p>The IGF conference will address access to the internet, notably local content reflecting different cultures and languages. Other key topics are cybercrime and safe internet usage. The theme of the conference is &#8220;Creating Opportunities for All&#8221;, reflected in a speech by the United Nations Undersecretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs, Sha Zukang. &#8220;The voice of developing world must be heard,&#8221; he said.<br />
ICANN, a non-profit, private organisation, currently limits the registration of new domains to national governments, although domain names will be available to individuals at a later date via national regulators</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Египет первым откроет домен на арабском языке]]></title>
<link>http://hitech21.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/httphegipet-pervym-otkroet-domen-na-arabskom-jazyke/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 06:53:01 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>hitech21</dc:creator>
<guid>http://hitech21.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/httphegipet-pervym-otkroet-domen-na-arabskom-jazyke/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Египет готовится открыть первый в мире интернет-домен на основе арабской письменности. Об этом минис]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Египет готовится открыть первый в мире интернет-домен на основе арабской письменности. Об этом минис]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Links to latest Newsy stories]]></title>
<link>http://katiedohse.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/links-to-latest-newsy-stories/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 16:23:51 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Katie</dc:creator>
<guid>http://katiedohse.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/links-to-latest-newsy-stories/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Here are the links for the stories I wrote last week&#8230; Internationalized domain names: Watch he]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Here are the links for the stories I wrote last week&#8230;</p>
<p>Internationalized domain names: <a href="http://www.newsy.com/videos/application_process_starts_for_internationalized_domain_names" target="_blank">Watch here. </a></p>
<p>Hype surrounding the release of <em>2012</em>: <a href="http://www.newsy.com/videos/2012_disaster_film_sparks_doomsday_fears" target="_blank">Watch here.</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Egypte lanceert eerste Arabische domeinnaam ]]></title>
<link>http://domainerlobby.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/egypte-lanceert-eerste-arabische-domeinnaam/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 09:30:09 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>domainerlobby</dc:creator>
<guid>http://domainerlobby.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/egypte-lanceert-eerste-arabische-domeinnaam/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[SHARM EL-SHEIKH &#8211; Vanaf maandag is het voor het eerst mogelijk om een domeinnaam in het Arabis]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>SHARM EL-SHEIKH &#8211; Vanaf maandag is het voor het eerst mogelijk om een domeinnaam in het Arabisch te registreren. Egypte heeft de primeur met de introductie van een domeinnaam eindigend op .masr, wat .egypte in het Arabisch is. Dit is voor ons een geweldig moment. Het internet spreekt Arabisch&#8221;, aldus de Egyptische minister van Communicatie zondag.</p>
<p>Icann, de organisatie die de inrichting van internet beheert en bepaalt welke domeinnamen zijn toegestaan, besloot vorige maand dat voortaan alle schriften gebruikt mogen worden voor internetadressen. Deze mogelijkheid wordt wel de grootste verandering van het internet genoemd sinds het veertig jaar geleden werd opgezet.</p>
<p>Destijds was de taal geen probleem omdat de meeste internetgebruikers Engels of een andere taal gebaseerd op het Latijnse schrift gebruikten. Momenteel gebruiken ongeveer 1,6 miljard mensen het internet, van wie ruim de helft geen gebruik maakt van het Latijnse schrift. Het merendeel van die websurfers komt uit China. De eerste websites gebaseerd op een ander alfabet zullen vanaf halverwege volgend jaar actief zijn.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Регистър.БГ]]></title>
<link>http://reklama.wordpress.com/2009/11/12/%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8a%d1%80-%d0%b1%d0%b3/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 12 Nov 2009 04:35:18 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Огнян Младенов</dc:creator>
<guid>http://reklama.wordpress.com/2009/11/12/%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8a%d1%80-%d0%b1%d0%b3/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Както вече сте информирани от медиите от 25.10.2009г. до 30.10.2009г. в гр. Сеул, Южна Корея се пров]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Както вече сте информирани от медиите от 25.10.2009г. до 30.10.2009г. в гр. Сеул, Южна Корея се пров]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[เตรียมใช้โดเมนเนมไร้ภาษาอังกฤษ ]]></title>
<link>http://thailandseoservice.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%94%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a1-%e0%b8%a0%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a9%e0%b8%b2%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%a2/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 18:49:23 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>ronakorn</dc:creator>
<guid>http://thailandseoservice.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%94%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a1-%e0%b8%a0%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a9%e0%b8%b2%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%a2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Domain Names หลายคนอาจเคยเห็นการจดชื่อโดเมนเนมเว็บไซต์เป็นภาษาไทยแล้วตามด้วย อักขระอังกฤษ&#8221;.com]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div id="attachment_33" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 160px"><img class="size-full wp-image-33" title="Domain Names" src="http://thailandseoservice.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/domain-names.jpeg" alt="Domain Names" width="150" height="150" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Domain Names</p></div>
<p>หลายคนอาจเคยเห็นการจดชื่อโดเมนเนมเว็บไซต์เป็นภาษาไทยแล้วตามด้วย อักขระอังกฤษ&#8221;.com&#8221;หรือ&#8221;.co.th&#8221; แต่ล่าสุดคณะกรรมการกำหนดชื่อและเลขหมายสำหรับใช้บนอินเทอร์เน็ตอย่าง &#8220;ไอแคนน์ (ICANN)&#8221; กำลังพิจารณาอนุมัติให้ชื่อโดเมนเนมไม่ต้องมีอักขระภาษาอังกฤษเป็นส่วน ประกอบใดๆ โดยสามารถใช้อักขระภาษาอื่นเขียนแทนได้ทั้งหมด คาดว่าการอนุมัติจะแล้วเสร็จภายในเดือนตุลาคม 2552 หลังจากทดสอบแล้วประมาณ 2 ปี<!--more--></p>
<p>การอนุมัติกฎการตั้งชื่อที่อยู่เว็บไซต์หรือเว็บแอดเดรสโดยไม่ใช้ อักขระภาษาอังกฤษนั้นถูกมองว่าคือการเปลี่ยนแปลงด้านเทคนิคครั้งใหญ่ที่สุด ของวงการอินเทอร์เน็ตตลอดประวัติศาสตร์ 40 ปีที่ผ่านมา โดยประเด็นทั้งหมดจะถูกยกขึ้นมาพิจารณาในงานประชุมประจำปีของคณะกรรมการ Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers หรือ ICANN (สำนักงานใหญ่อยู่ที่แคลิฟอร์เนีย สหรัฐฯ) ซึ่งปีนี้จัดขึ้นที่กรุงโซล ประเทศเกาหลีใต้</p>
<p>การปลดข้อจำกัดให้การเขียนเว็บแอดเดรสไม่ต้องอยู่ในรูปสคริปต์ภาษาละ ตินนี้เกิดขึ้นบนความหวังว่าชาวโลกที่ไม่มีความรู้เรื่องภาษาอังกฤษจะสามารถ เข้าเว็บด้วยการพิมพ์เว็บแอดเดรสในภาษาที่ตัวเองถนัดได้มากขึ้น เช่น ภาษาอาหรับ เกาหลี ญี่ปุ่น กรีก ฮินดี และภาษาไซรีลลิค (Cyrillic) ของชาวรัสเซีย โดยปีเตอร์ เดนเกต ธรัช (Peter Dengate Thrush) ประธานคณะกรรมการไอแคนน์เชื่อว่าจะมีการอนุมัติอย่างเป็นทางการในวันศุกร์ ที่ 30 ตุลาคมนี้ ซึ่งเป็นวันสุดท้ายของการประชุม</p>
<p>ภาษาไทย คงต้องรอก่อน</p>
<p>แนวคิดเรื่องการตั้งชื่อโดเมนเนมเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่นไม่ใช่เรื่องใหม่ เพราะธรัชกล่าวว่า ไอแคนน์ได้ทดสอบระบบแปลงสคริปต์ภาษาอื่นที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษให้เป็นแอดเดรส ปกติมานานกว่า 2 ปีแล้ว การทดสอบทำให้ไอแคนน์มีความพร้อมและมั่นใจว่าการเปลี่ยนแปลงนี้จะทำให้ชาว โลกได้ประโยชน์และเป็นที่นิยม และการอนุมัติจะทำให้ไอแคนน์สามารถให้บริการระบบที่มีความพร้อมสุดขีดนี้อย่างเต็มตัว</p>
<p>ชื่อโดเมนเนมแบบไร้ภาษาอังกฤษนี้รู้จักในชื่ออย่างเป็นทางการว่า IDN TLD (IDN ย่อมาจาก Internationalized Domain Names; TLD ย่อมาจาก Top Level Domain) สิ่งที่เกิดขึ้นคือ บริษัทในประเทศไทยจะสามารถใช้ตั้งชื่อเว็บแอดเดรส์โดยลงท้ายว่า &#8220;.บริษัท&#8221; ได้แทน &#8220;.com&#8221; หรือ &#8220;.ประเทศไทย&#8221; ได้แทน &#8220;.th&#8221; โดยที่ผู้ใช้ซึ่งออนไลน์จากทั่วมุมโลกจะสามารถเข้าเว็บได้หากพิมพ์ภาษาไทย ได้ ต่างกับบริการชื่อโดเมนเนมภาษาไทยที่ให้บริการแล้วในขณะนี้</p>
<p>อักขระภาษาอังกฤษนั้นใช้เขียนแสดงที่อยู่เว็บไซต์ในเครือข่ายอิน เทอร์เน็ตมาตั้งแต่ยุคระบบปิดซึ่งใช้งานเฉพาะในกลุ่มมหาวิทยาลัยและกองทัพ อเมริกันในปี 1969 จนถึงช่วงปี 1990 ที่เริ่มเข้าสู่ระบบเปิด จุดนี้ร็อด เบคสตรอม (Rod Beckstrom) ประธานและซีอีโอคนใหม่ของไอแคนน์ระบุว่าหากไอแคนน์อนุมัติให้เว็บแอดเดรสไม่ ต้องใช้อักขระภาษาอังกฤษ ไอแคนน์ก็จะเริ่มรับรองแอปพลิเคชันที่ใช้ชื่อโดเมนเนมเป็นภาษาอื่น เข้าสู่ระบบแอดเดรสของไอแคนน์อย่างเป็นทางการ ซึ่งคาดว่าจะดำเนินการเต็มตัวได้ในช่วงกลางปี 2010</p>
<p>อย่างไรก็ตาม ไอแคนน์ยังไม่ประกาศรายละเอียดเกี่ยวกับการอนุมัติชื่อโดเมนเนมภาษาท้องถิ่น ครั้งนี้ แต่จากการประกาศทดสอบระบบเมื่อปี 2550 ระบุว่าจะนำร่องโครงการก่อนในบางภาษา โดยเลือกจากสังคมออนไลน์ที่แสดงความสนใจ และต้องการใช้โดเมนเนมที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษมากที่สุดก่อน ซึ่งยังไม่มีรายงานว่ามีภาษาไทยอยู่ในรายการด้วยหรือไม่</p>
<p>แนวโน้มจำเป็น</p>
<p>เบคสตรอมระบุว่าในจำนวนผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตทั่วโลกกว่า 1,600 ล้านคน มากกว่าครึ่งหนึ่งใช้อักขระภาษาอื่นที่ไม่ใช่ละติน โดยการเปลี่ยนแปลงนี้ไม่เพียงเป็นสิ่งจำเป็นของผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตใน ปัจจุบันนี้ แต่เป็นสิ่งจำเป็นสำหรับผู้ใช้รายใหม่ในอนาคตที่จะหันมาใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตกัน มากขึ้น</p>
<p>ขณะที่บริษัทซึ่งดำเนินธุรกิจขายโดเมนเนมให้กับภาคธุรกิจ คาดว่าโดเมนเนมภาษาท้องถิ่นจะเป็นผลดีกับธุรกิจมากขึ้น อาจจะเป็นแหล่งรายได้ใหม่หลังจากที่ผ่านมา รายได้ส่วนใหญ่ของธุรกิจนี้มาจากการจดทะเบียนชื่อตามรหัสประเทศเป็นส่วนใหญ่</p>
<p>ในส่วนเจ้าของเว็บไซต์ เชื่อว่าโดเมนเนมชื่อท้องถิ่นจะทำให้ลิงก์เว็บไซต์ปรากฏบนหน้าสืบค้นข้อมูล ได้ดีขึ้น เพราะผู้ใช้ในแต่ละพื้นที่มักจะป้อนคีย์เวิร์ดที่ต้องการค้นหาในเสิร์ชเอน จิ้นเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่นด้วย</p>
<p>มีข้อดีก็ย่อมมีข้อเสีย โดเมนเนมภาษาท้องถิ่นนั้นยังมีข้อจำกัดในขณะนี้ เช่น การไม่สามารถใช้งานได้กับเครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์รุ่นเก่า โปรแกรมเบราว์เซอร์รุ่นเก่า ขณะเดียวกัน ผู้สังเกตการณ์ในอุตสาหกรรมอินเทอร์เน็ตบางกลุ่มเคยออกมาแสดงความไม่เห็น ด้วยกับการตั้งโดเมนเนมในภาษาอื่นนอกจากอังกฤษ เนื่องจากหวั่นเกรงว่าหากมีการใช้ชื่อโดเมนเนมเป็นภาษาอื่นอย่างกว้างขวาง จะทำให้การใช้งานอินเทอร์เน็ตแตกออกเป็นกลุ่มย่อยๆเฉพาะในพื้นที่ แทนที่จะใช้ภาษาอังกฤษที่เป็นภาษาสากลและเปิดกว้างให้ชาวโลกติดต่อกันได้ทุก ประเทศ</p>
<p>อย่างไรก็ตาม เบคสตรอมระบุว่า ที่ผ่านมากลุ่มคนบางกลุ่มในหลายพื้นที่ทั่วโลกล้วนทำงานผ่านแอดเดรสภาษาท้อง ถิ่นกันแล้ว ทั้งหมดนี้เป็นสิ่งที่พิสูจน์ว่า การอนุมัติและวางแนวทางการเติบโตของโดเมนเนมภาษาท้องถิ่นอย่างจริงจังนั้น เป็นสิ่งจำเป็นในอนาคต</p>
<p>โดย ASTVผู้จัดการออนไลน์</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Chinezen lopen niet warm voor IDN-domeinnamen]]></title>
<link>http://domainerlobby.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/chinezen-lopen-niet-warm-voor-idn-domeinnamen/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 11:15:53 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>domainerlobby</dc:creator>
<guid>http://domainerlobby.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/chinezen-lopen-niet-warm-voor-idn-domeinnamen/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Het enthousiasme om Chinese tekens in domeinnamen te gebruiken blijkt een stuk minder groot dan geda]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-20" title="IDN-domains voor China" src="http://domainerlobby.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/chineseurl.jpg" alt="IDN-domains voor China" width="165" height="66" />Het enthousiasme om Chinese tekens in domeinnamen te gebruiken blijkt een stuk minder groot dan gedacht. Veel Chinese bedrijven laten hun huidige domeinnamen ongewijzigd.</p>
<p>Chinezen hebben sinds kort de mogelijkheid om traditionele Chinese karakters in url’s te registeren. Dit is het gevolg van het besluit van de ICANN vorige maand om IDN (Internationalized Domain Names) toe te staan.</p>
<p>Hoewel adressen met Chinese karakters nog niet in gebruik zijn, is de registratie van IDN-domeinnamen voor het toplevel domein .cn al wel geopend. Maar slechts weinig Chinese bedrijven lijken te zitten wachten op een echt Chinees webadres, zo meldt PC World.</p>
<p>De Chinese portal Tencent bijvoorbeeld, kan zijn naam in het Chinees (zoiets als 騰訊.cn) laten vastleggen, maar doet dat omdat het ook bereikbaar is via de url <a href="http://www.qq.com/" target="_blank">qq.com</a>, dat veel korter is. Bovendien hebben veel Chinese bedrijven hun toevlucht gezocht in domeinnamen met getallen die met hun merk geassocieerd worden.</p>
<p>Zo is het bedrijf NetEase bereikbaar onder 163.com en is een reissite te vinden op <a href="http://www.51766.com/" target="_blank">51766.com</a> omdat de getallen in het Chinees worden uitgesproken als de zin ‘Ik wil gaan reizen’ (vertaald).</p>
<p><strong>Gewenning<br />
</strong>Maar dat is niet de enige reden voor het achterblijven van het enthoussiasme, denkt Sam Flemming, oprichter en voorzitter van het CIC, een internetonderzoeksbureau in Shanghai. “Chinese adressen zullen alleen aantrekkelijk zijn voor oudere Chinezen en het volk in de dunbevolkte gebieden omdat zij de traditionele Chinese taal spreken. Veel andere Chinezen gebruiken Engelse karakters of Pinyin, een fonetisch spellingssysteem dat vaak wordt gebruikt om Chinese door Latijnse karakters te vervangen.” Tot slot speelt gewenning een rol. “De huidige internetgebruikers zijn nu eenmaal gewend aan de niet-Chinese adressen”, aldus Flemming.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[2010 kommt .berlin und .ebay]]></title>
<link>http://strukturreform.wordpress.com/2009/11/09/2010-kommt-berlin-und-ebay/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 08 Nov 2009 23:05:40 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>strukturreform</dc:creator>
<guid>http://strukturreform.wordpress.com/2009/11/09/2010-kommt-berlin-und-ebay/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Ab Frühjahr 2010 können bei der ICANN, der Registrierungsbehörde für Internet-Domains neue generic T]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Ab Frühjahr 2010 können bei der ICANN, der Registrierungsbehörde für Internet-Domains neue generic Top-Level-Domains (gTLD) registriert werden, also frei wählbare Domain-Endungen wie z.B. .berlin oder .ebay. Voraussetzung ist allerdings ein begründeter Anspruch und das nötige Kleingeld. Die Registrierungsgebühr beläuft sich auf 185.000 US $. Die neuen Domains sollen Ende 2010 aktiviert werden. Wer interesse hat, sollte sich beeilen, denn die zweite Registrierungswelle wird einige Zeit auf sich warten lassen. Für die Markenbildung bekannter Unternehmen sind solche gTLDs sicherlich ein interessantes Feature, allerdings bleibt abzuwarten, wie schnell sich die Benutzer an die neue Syntax gewöhnen. Zu Beginn ist durchaus mit Irritation bei der Kommunikation einer selbst kreierten Domain zu rechnen. <a href="http://www.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtld-program.htm">Guidebook, Antrag, Diskussion.</a> </p>
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<title><![CDATA[The Internet Learns a Few New Languages]]></title>
<link>http://sosharon.wordpress.com/2009/11/08/the-internet-learns-a-few-new-languages/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 08 Nov 2009 18:50:08 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>SoSharon</dc:creator>
<guid>http://sosharon.wordpress.com/2009/11/08/the-internet-learns-a-few-new-languages/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Email, social networking and chat applications allow web consumers to exchange information with fami]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><span style="color:#800000;">Email, social networking and chat applications allow web consumers to exchange information with family friends and business people all over the world.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#800000;">General public access to the Internet has been around for 40 years; the Internet celebrated it&#8217;s 40th birthday On October 29, 2009.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#800000;">W.B. Pitkin said &#8220;Life begins at forty.&#8221; Well that certainly seems to to be true for the Internet. On November 16, 2009 <a href="http://www.icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-30oct09-en.htm"><span style="color:#008000;">ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) will launch the process for Internationalized Domain Names (IDN). </span></a>The Fast Track process will allow countries and nations to integrate the name and  characters of their national language into domain names. At present, the Internet endings are based on Latin characters. This opportunity will broaden Internet access for the global community</span>.</p>
<p><embed src='http://widgets.vodpod.com/w/video_embed/Groupvideo.3868815' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' AllowScriptAccess='always' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer' wmode='transparent' flashvars='' /></p>
<div>posted with <a href="http://vodpod.com?r=wp">vodpod</a></div>
<p><span style="color:#800000;">In October, <a href="http://blog.twitter.com/2009/10/coming-soon-twitter-in-more-languages.html"><span style="color:#008000;">Twitter announced that it will give the present of language support to F.I.G.S the acronym for French, Italian, German and Spanish languages.</span></a></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#800000;">This is an exciting time! Multiple language support will spark a romance with the Internet for newbies and rekindle the flame for others. Internationalizing languages on the Internet will also provide students and adults opportunities to develop language skills enabling them to compete in a global workplace.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#800000;">The World Wide Web is wooing the globe! Isn&#8217;t it romantic?</span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[ICANN's non-Latin domain approval]]></title>
<link>http://sjlibrarian.wordpress.com/2009/11/08/icann-and-someday-you-can-too/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 08 Nov 2009 18:00:44 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>greyson</dc:creator>
<guid>http://sjlibrarian.wordpress.com/2009/11/08/icann-and-someday-you-can-too/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve been wanting to say something about the ICANN non-Latin script domain approval move for a]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><strong>I&#8217;ve been wanting to say something about the ICANN non-Latin script domain approval</strong> move for a bit now, but found myself unsure of what to say. &#8220;Yay,&#8221; seemed trite, and &#8220;It&#8217;s about time,&#8221; is just more of my usual snark.</p>
<p>I think <strong>it&#8217;s a no-brainer for people with any sence of global justice issues to agree that the US government should not be &#8220;running&#8221; or &#8220;ruling&#8221; the Internet.</strong> The details get a little hairy, but really, this is the <em>Internet </em>folks. The world wide web made possible approzimately a gazillion-and-eight things no one thought were possible before, so pretending that figuring out how to make right-to-left and left-to-right scripts play together is beyond all the world&#8217;s geeks today is rather silly.</p>
<p>Further, <a href="http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/181094/icann_approves_domain_names_we_cant_type.html">fretting that <em>you </em>might have to actually learn some multilingual skills</a> just makes you look like an ignorant American, so please just stop embarrassing us both. <em>(as I did grow up as an ignorant American and am now an only-slightly-less-ignorant Canadian-American trying to foster a considerably-less-ignorant next generation)</em></p>
<p>I&#8217;m optimistic about <a href="http://www.lfpress.com/money/columnists/david_canton/2009/11/02/11601366-sun.html">the (slightly) increased distance between the US government and ICANN</a>. I&#8217;m really interested to see where this goes, and what kind of representation non-Eurpoean countries (besides Japan) end up getting.</p>
<p>Finally, if you missed it, Xeni from Boing Boing did a great brief interview on this topic (the ICANN non-Latin domain ruling) on the Rachel Maddow show, and I encourage you to watch it (and not just b/c Maddow is my smarter, slicker twin!). You can link to it from <a href="http://www.boingboing.net/2009/11/02/icann-haz-cheezburge.html">this boing boing post</a>.</p>
<p>-Greyson</p>
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