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<channel>
	<title>integer &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/integer/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "integer"</description>
	<pubDate>Thu, 03 Dec 2009 09:24:18 +0000</pubDate>

	<generator>http://en.wordpress.com/tags/</generator>
	<language>en</language>

<item>
<title><![CDATA[infecting the young minds faster than bacteria]]></title>
<link>http://fantasticalblog.wordpress.com/2009/11/13/ads1/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 13 Nov 2009 23:22:37 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>memitchell</dc:creator>
<guid>http://fantasticalblog.wordpress.com/2009/11/13/ads1/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[i love advertising. there are some weeks, like this one, where it can be a bit overwhelming. [group ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>i love advertising. there are some weeks, like this one, where it can be a bit overwhelming. [group projects....AHHH] but never is my passion subdued.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>seriously, some campaigns can bring me to tears, make me laugh, leave me dumbstruck or just completely disgust me.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>recently i saw the miracle whip ad on TV: a forced attempt to appeal to a younger demographic. i didn&#8217;t know miracle whip had a problem getting 20-somethings to buy their product. it&#8217;s just so mm mm tasty.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>however, when i saw this, it was a pretty surreal experience. definitely left me puzzled.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-89" title="miracle whip" src="http://fantasticalblog.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/miraclewhip.png" alt="miracle whip" width="474" height="334" /></p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>without missing a beat, stephen colbert&#8217;s show writers came up with a <a href="http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/252726/october-15-2009/the-mayo-lution-will-not-be-televised">brilliant reply</a>. it&#8217;s so great that i really don&#8217;t have much to add.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>however, the miracle whip company did have some fun of their own by continuing the battle with a witty press release, which you can read <a href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/features/chi-talk-miracle-whip-colbertnov13,0,4097052.story">here</a>.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>also on the list of baffling advertisements this week (most of which have been brought to my attention by the lovely <a href="http://bestweekever.tv">best week ever blog</a>) is this <a href="http://www.bestweekever.tv/2009-11-09/ad-wizards-jeep-commercial-or-seventh-graders-poem-and-some-clocks/">Jeep ad</a>.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;"> </span>seriously, <em>everyone</em> in my creative poetry writing class could write something better than this. it would <strong>not</strong> take long. and it doesn&#8217;t make any sense!!</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>well, on another note, i would also like to bring attention to <a href="http://mashable.com/2009/11/12/att-verizon-response/">verizon&#8217;s new ad campaign</a> which is just downright AMAZING. though, they are getting into some mudslinging territory as well.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-94" title="verizon" src="http://fantasticalblog.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/verizon.png" alt="verizon" width="528" height="355" /></p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>watch the &#8220;there&#8217;s a map for that&#8221; ad <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCbYTrYD5y8">here</a>.</p>
<p>seriously, &#8220;there&#8217;s a map for that&#8221;?? so clever.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>and their other &#8220;rudolph the red-nosed reindeer&#8221; knockoff is so well-done. and just in time for Christmas season <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>p.s. if you&#8217;d like to see one ad that made me get a little teary eyed, click <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJNY64cQeuo">here</a>. in my defense, it probably affected me more after seeing some behind-the-scenes about how the campaign was created at the ad agency Integer in Des Moines.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p>p.p.s. i would&#8217;ve liked to embed at least one of these videos in to my blog, but i&#8217;m having trouble for some reason. help me, nat!!</p>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[Converting a string to an Integer in C]]></title>
<link>http://zappedpoint.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/converting-a-string-to-an-integer-in-c/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 18:11:36 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>sigtermer</dc:creator>
<guid>http://zappedpoint.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/converting-a-string-to-an-integer-in-c/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[To convert any char string to an integer, include stdlib.h and use the function: int atoi(const char]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>To convert any <code>char</code> string to an integer, include <code>stdlib.h</code> and use the function:<br />
<code><b>int atoi(const char *nptr);</b></code><br />
see <code>man 3 atoi</code></p>
<pre style="border:2px dashed gray;padding-left:10px;">
/*<i>example</i>*/
#include &#60;stdlib.h&#62;
int main(int argc, char **argv){
	return(atoi(argv[1]));
}
/*check the return status (for linux/bash: echo $? )*/
</pre>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[bash: string to integer conversion]]></title>
<link>http://brianin3d.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/bash-string-to-integer-conversion/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 14:25:00 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>brianin3d</dc:creator>
<guid>http://brianin3d.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/bash-string-to-integer-conversion/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Bash arrays are odd, globally scoped critters which can only be indexed by integer values&#8230; but]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Bash arrays are odd, globally scoped critters which can only be indexed by integer values&#8230; but the values don&#8217;t have to be contiguous so they are sort of like hash maps&#8230; </p>
<p>All you need is something to convert strings to integers, for example:</p>
<pre>
_map_string_to_integer() {
	echo ${*} &#124; od -t u1 &#124; sed 's,[^ ]*,,;s, ,,g;' &#124; tr -d '\n'
	echo
}
</pre>
<p>And you can use it like this:</p>
<pre>
% fun[$(_map_string_to_integer this)]="is neat"
% echo ${fun[$(_map_string_to_integer this)]}
is neat
</pre>
<p>if that is of any use to anyone&#8230;.</p>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[PLC Omron CJ1M: Aritmatika pada Ladder]]></title>
<link>http://akirajunto.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/plc-omron-cj1m-aritmatika-pada-ladder/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 13:00:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Junot D. Ojong</dc:creator>
<guid>http://akirajunto.wordpress.com/2009/11/11/plc-omron-cj1m-aritmatika-pada-ladder/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Operasi aritmatika juga terkadang dibutuhkan dalam pengendalian dengan PLC. Operasi ini sekarang sud]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Operasi aritmatika juga terkadang dibutuhkan dalam pengendalian dengan PLC. Operasi ini sekarang sud]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[long number problem in php 5.2.6]]></title>
<link>http://tahsinhasan.wordpress.com/2009/11/10/long-number-problem-in-php-5-2-6/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2009 05:25:00 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tahsin352</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tahsinhasan.wordpress.com/2009/11/10/long-number-problem-in-php-5-2-6/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[I found an interesting problem with long numbers using php 5.2.6. Yah, the current version of php is]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>I found an interesting problem with long numbers using php 5.2.6. Yah, the current version of php is 5.3 but some hosting server still using older versions.</p>
<p>my problem was the following:</p>
<pre class="brush: php;">
&#60;pre class=&#34;brush:php&#34;&#62;$integer = 2304200000; echo $integer; //outputs 2.3042E+09

$float = (float)100000; //float echo $float; //outputs 1E+05
</pre>
<p>this gives many weird results in calculation. I have faced this problem and this bug has eaten up a lot of time.So, I am others time regarding the big number problem in php 5.2.6.</p>
<p>If you use number_format or sprintf then you will get the number as aspected.</p>
<pre class="brush: php;">
&#60;pre class=&#34;brush:php&#34;&#62;$integer = 2304200000; $int = number_format($integer, 0, '.', ''); echo $int; //outputs 2304200000 as expected

$float = (float)100000 //float; $float = number_format($float, 2, '.', ''); echo $float; //outputs 100000.00 as expected
</pre>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Categorically Yours &amp; Typographical Musings†]]></title>
<link>http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/24/categorically-yours-typographical-musings%e2%80%a0/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 24 Oct 2009 09:56:39 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>range</dc:creator>
<guid>http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/24/categorically-yours-typographical-musings%e2%80%a0/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Okami&#39;s Lamy fountain pens I One of the marks of being a good prof is when they see that student]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 330px"><a href="http://okami-whatever.blogspot.com/2009/10/featured-pen-lamy-safari.html"><img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_dcGUM5wwl2A/St2imJgnCyI/AAAAAAAAAsA/a3ZvW6XvP00/s400/IMG_1625.jpg" alt="Okamis Lamy fountain pens" width="320" height="240" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Okami&#39;s Lamy fountain pens</p></div>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>I</strong></p>
<p>One of the marks of being a good prof is when they see that students didn&#8217;t understand something and go over it again. My algebra prof has made a habit of this, especially when he goes over stuff in class too quickly. <a href="http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/16/mathematical-teaching-methods/">This happened last week and left me quite furious</a>. Someone must have mentioned something to the prof², and he went over what we saw in the last hour again. This took an hour out of the three-hour class. I appreciated. I realized that there were some undergrads in our class, who weren&#8217;t familiar with some of the more abstract concepts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_theory" target="_blank">category theory</a>³. It was an issue. Class was great today. I was drinking my strong milk tea and noting stuff down. We saw direct sums and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_property" target="_blank">(co)universal objects</a>. Having proofs done with commutative diagrams is so elegant and simple.</p>
<p><!--more--></p>
<div class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 210px"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Category_theory/Selected_picture"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Functor_cone_%28extended%29.svg/200px-Functor_cone_%28extended%29.svg.png" alt="Limit of a diagram is a cone, via Wikipedia" width="200" height="168" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Limit of a diagram is a cone, via Wikipedia</p></div>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>II</strong></p>
<p>I&#8217;ve got a small term paper due in December. I&#8217;ve decided to do it on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_algebra" target="_blank">Clifford algebras</a> of cubic forms. It&#8217;s supposed to be quite short, but I&#8217;ll pump out quite a bit of stuff so that I can nail an A.</p>
<p>The algebra prof told us that we&#8217;d have a take-home midterm exam. I haven&#8217;t mentioned to too many people that I have all of the solutions to all of the Hungerford problems¹.Well, most of them. I noticed today while I was printing them out that there were a few sections missing. I was definitely feeling good after he explained everything again. Not that I didn&#8217;t understand it beforehand, but it made a difference that he cared enough to go through it once more, at normal speed.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>III</strong></p>
<div class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 330px"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_layout#Canadian_French"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/KB_Canadian_Multilingual_Standard.svg/400px-KB_Canadian_Multilingual_Standard.svg.png" alt="Canadiatn Multilingual Standard keyboard layout, via Wikipedia" width="320" height="106" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Canadian Multilingual Standard keyboard layout, via Wikipedia</p></div>
<p>I always use a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:KB_Canadian_Multilingual_Standard.svg" target="_blank">Canadian Multilingual keyboard</a>. For some reason, I&#8217;ve been blindly hitting a combination of keys that would give me the multiplication sign &#8216;×&#8217;. I was trying to figure out how this happened when I found this page on Wikipedia. I&#8217;ve kind of become interested in the Unicode characters which are available on standard keyboards. My favorites include the superscript numbers I use for footnotes, † → the dagger symbol, ‡ → the double dagger symbol, and this star symbol → ★. Other favorites include the curly brackets → { } and the abreviation for number → №. There&#8217;s the degree symbol → ° as well as the tilde → ~ and the <a href="http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/03/%e2%80%95/">horizontal bar → ―</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>IV</strong></p>
<p>I think that we&#8217;ve completed our intro into category theory. I&#8217;ll have to learn the rest by myself, as we&#8217;re delving into the structure of groups now. I&#8217;m looking forward to that, as well as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_theory" target="_blank">Galois theory</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_theory" target="_blank">commutative ring theory</a>.</p>
<p>I really like how some proofs are just completed by commutative diagrams. It&#8217;s just so elegant. I don&#8217;t know why I find these algebraic topics so interesting. They are elegant and abstract. In analysis, we are seeing the Lebesgue measure and integral. The prof keeps saying &#8216;mearable&#8217; instead of saying <em>measurable</em>. He also says &#8216;lebesgue&#8217; by pronouncing the &#8217;s&#8217;, which is silent, as any French-speaker will tell you.</p>
<p>Another weird thing was the word integer. I was convinced that it was pronounced integer with a hard /g/, not a soft /j/. This happens because I speak three languages fluently. My wife&#8217;s favorites include catholic and patio. When I&#8217;m tired, I put the emphasis on the wrong part of the word. She finds it cute.</p>
<p>This is how you pronounce: ĭn&#8217;tĭ-jər.</p>
<p><a href="http://twitter.com/djrange" target="_blank">Follow me on Twitter @djrange</a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">* * * * *</p>
<p>[¹]: <a href="http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/01/gtm-hungerfords-algebra-vol-125/"><em>Algebra</em></a>, by Thomas Hungerford, Springer Verlag, GTM Vol 73.<br />
[²]: Not about me, but about the fact that he went too fast and that they didn&#8217;t understand. Towards the end of the class, I mentioned out loud that I didn&#8217;t get most of what he had been explaining because he was going too fast. I was basically just mumbling in my beard.<br />
[³]: The <a href="http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/16/mathematical-teaching-methods/#yesgirls"><em>yes girls</em>‡</a> are undergrads. I wasn&#8217;t surprised to find this out. For some reason, the prof didn&#8217;t want to get into a too high level of abstraction.</p>
<p>[†]: I thought this was a good play on words.<br />
[‡]: see <a href="http://range.wordpress.com/2009/10/16/mathematical-teaching-methods/#yesgirls">this footnote  in this post</a>.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Hello Secure World - Microsoft Vulnerability Testing Labs (Xss,sqli,csrf,etc..)]]></title>
<link>http://omercakir.wordpress.com/2009/10/22/hello-secure-world-microsoft-vulnerability-testing-labs-xsssqlicsrfetc/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2009 16:20:51 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Ömer Çakır</dc:creator>
<guid>http://omercakir.wordpress.com/2009/10/22/hello-secure-world-microsoft-vulnerability-testing-labs-xsssqlicsrfetc/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Microsoft has developed a new security offering called HELLOSECUREWORLD.COM. It is a program to enga]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Microsoft has developed a new security offering called HELLOSECUREWORLD.COM. It is a program to engage developers in a fun and exciting way to build knowledge around security in application development. In addition, developers can share information about secure coding for today’s internet-based computing environment. The program features an array of online and offline customer activities ranging from MSDN events, to security virtual labs, to video presentations on a new website.</p>
<p>Includes:</p>
<p>* XSS (Cross Site Scripting)<br />
* SQLi (SQL Injection)<br />
* Canonicalization Attack<br />
* CSRF (Cross Site Request Forgery)<br />
* Integer Overflow/Underflow<br />
* Etc&#8230;</p>
<p>To access the labs go to: <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/click/hellosecureworld/default.mspx" target="_blank">HelloSecureWorld</a></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[değişkenlerin varsayılan değerleri]]></title>
<link>http://karaltan.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/degiskenlerin-varsailan-degerleri/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 19 Oct 2009 21:15:54 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>karaltan</dc:creator>
<guid>http://karaltan.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/degiskenlerin-varsailan-degerleri/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Public Class Form1     Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.Event]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><pre><span style="color:#0000ff;">Public Class</span> Form1

    <span style="color:#0000ff;">Private Sub</span> Form1_Load(<span style="color:#0000ff;">ByVal</span> sender <span style="color:#0000ff;">As</span> System.Object, <span style="color:#0000ff;">ByVal</span> e <span style="color:#0000ff;">As</span> System.EventArgs) <span style="color:#0000ff;">Handles MyBase</span>.Load
        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Boolean</span>
        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a1 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Byte</span>
        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a2 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Char</span>

        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a3 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Single</span>
        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a4 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Decimal</span>
        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a5 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Double</span>

        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a6 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">Integer</span>
        <span style="color:#0000ff;">Dim</span> a7 As <span style="color:#0000ff;">String</span>

<span style="color:#0000ff;"> </span>
        MsgBox("Boolean=FALSE," &#38; a)
        MsgBox("Byte=0," &#38; a1)
        MsgBox("Char=NULL," &#38; a2)
        MsgBox("Single=0.0," &#38; a3)
        MsgBox("Decimal=0.0," &#38; a4)
        MsgBox("Double=0.0," &#38; a5)
        MsgBox("İnteger=0," &#38; a6)
        MsgBox("String=NULL," &#38; a7)

<span style="color:#0000ff;">        End
    End Sub
End Class</span>

indirmek <a href="http://www.stfaatl.com/~karaltan/files/visual_basic_net/ornekler/(20.10.2009)_operatorler.rar">için</a></pre>
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<title><![CDATA[Tipe, Nama dan Nilai]]></title>
<link>http://heru768.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/tipe-nama-dan-nilai/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 19 Oct 2009 16:00:11 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>heru768</dc:creator>
<guid>http://heru768.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/tipe-nama-dan-nilai/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Sebelum kita membuat program dengan bahasa pemrograman Pascal (Pascal merupakan bahasa pemrograman y]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-295" title="Burn 1" src="http://heru768.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/burn-1.png?w=96" alt="Burn 1" width="96" height="96" />Sebelum kita membuat program dengan bahasa pemrograman Pascal (Pascal merupakan bahasa pemrograman yang terpopuler di lingkungan akademis dan banyak digunakan di sebagian besar universitas dan institusi pendidikan lainnya untuk menerapakan dasar-dasar logika pemrograman), terlebih dahulu harus kita ketahui tipe, nama dan nilai dari suatu data yang ada dalam suatu program. Kalau manusia dapat dikenali dari tipe/jenis kelamin dan namanya, maka data dapat dikenali dengan tipe, nama dan nilai yang dimilikinya. Tipe, nama dan nilai yang akan dibahas disini adalah untuk jenis pemrograman bahasa Pascal. Untuk bahasa pemrograman lainnya (selain Pascal), tipe-nama-dan nilainya hampir sama dengan bahasa Pascal, hanya saja penulisan dan penyebutannya saja yang mungkin agak sedikit berbeda.</p>
<p><!--more--></p>
<p>Suatu tipe menyatakan pola penyajian data dalam komputer. Mendefinisikan tipe berarti :</p>
<p>- menentukan nama tipe data itu</p>
<p>- mendefinisikan domain nilai yang dapat dimiliki</p>
<p>- perjanjian tentang cara menulis tetapan bertipe tersebut</p>
<p>- operator yang dapat dioperasikan terhadap data bertipe tersebut</p>
<p>Tipe data dapat dikelompokan menjadi dua macam :</p>
<p>1. Tipe Dasar / Sederhana :</p>
<p>- Bilangan Logik</p>
<p>- Bilangan Bulat</p>
<p>- Bilangan Riil</p>
<p>- Karakter</p>
<p>2. Tipe Bentukan :</p>
<p>- Rekaman (Record)</p>
<p>- String</p>
<p>- Larik (Array)</p>
<p>Dan secara rinci ada enam kelompok tipe data, yaitu :</p>
<p>1. Tipe sederhana. Tipe ini dibagi lagi menjadi dua tipe, yaitu:</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">a. Tipe ordinal. Tipe ordinal sendiri dibagi lagi menjadi beberapa tipe, yaitu :</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">- Tipe bilangan bulat</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">- Tipe boolean</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">- Tipe karakter</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">- Tipe terbilang</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">- Tipe subjangkauan</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">b. Tipe real</p>
<p>2. Tipe string, yaitu sekumpulan karakter</p>
<p>3. Tipe terstruktur. Tipe ini dibagi lagi menjadi lima, yaitu :</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Tipe larik (array)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Tipe rekaman</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Tipe objek</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Tipe himpunan</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Tipe berkas</p>
<p>4. Tipe pointer</p>
<p>5. Tipe prosedural</p>
<p>6. Tipe objek</p>
<p>Tidak semua tipe diatas akan dibahas pada postingan ini, karena memang ada beberapa tipe data yang jarang digunakan.</p>
<p>Karena banyaknya tipe data diatas, maka untuk mengingat tipe data dapat diringkas sbb:</p>
<p>1. NUMERIK / BILANGAN</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Bilangan Bulat / Integer</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- Bilangan Pecahan / Riil</p>
<p>2. ALPHANUMERIK / KARAKTER</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">- String (Kumpulan karakter)</p>
<p><strong>TIPE DASAR</strong></p>
<p>Dalam dunia pemrograman, yang termasuk tipe dasar adalah bilangan logika, bilangan bulat, karakter, bilangan Riil, dan String. Tiga tipe dasar yang pertama disebut juga tipe ordinal karena setiap konstanta nilainya dapat ditransformasikan ke suatu nilai integer.</p>
<p><strong>1. Bilangan Logika</strong></p>
<p>Nama Tipe</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Nama tipe bilangan logik adalah <strong><em>boolean</em></strong></p>
<p>Ranah Nilai (jangkauan)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Bilangan logik hanya mengenal dua buah nilai: benar <em>(true)</em> atau salah <em>(false)</em>. Istilah “bilangan” pada “bilangan logik” muncul karena nilai “benar” dan “salah” dapat dinyatakan dengan angka 1 dan 0 (atau sebaliknya tergantung konvensi yang digunakan).</p>
<p>Konstanta</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Karena ranah nilai tipe <em>boolean</em> hanya beranggotakan dua buah nilai, maka konstanta <em>(constant)</em> atau tetapan yang terdapat pada tipe ini adalah <em>true</em> dan <em>false</em>.</p>
<p>Operasi</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Operasi–operasi yang dapat dilakukan terhadap tipe <em>boolean</em> dikenal dengan operasi logika atau operasi <em>boolean</em>. Operasi logika menghasilkan nilai <em>true</em> atau <em>false</em>. Operator yang umum digunakan untuk operasi logika adalah: <em>not, and, or, xor</em>.</p>
<p><strong>2. Bilangan Bulat</strong></p>
<p>Nama Tipe</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Nama tipe bilangan bulat adalah <strong><em>integer</em></strong></p>
<p>Ranah Nilai (jangkauan)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Dalam algoritma kita dapat mendefinisikan ranah tertentu untuk obyek yang kita definisikan. Pendefinisian ranah ini diperlukan untuk menyatakan bahwa nilai obyek hanya boleh berada dalam ranah tersebut. Misalnya obyek “jam“ didefinisikan bertipe bilangan bulat dengan ranah nilai untuk “jam” adalah dalam {0..23}. implementasi tipe integer dalam bahsa pemrograman tergantung pada kompilator bahasa yang digunakan. Tipe bilangan bulat adalah tipe yang memiliki keterurutan. Ini artinya, bila sebuah nilai bilangan bulat diketahui, nilai sebelumnya <em>(predecessor)</em> dan nilai sesudahnya <em>(successor)</em> dapat ditentukan. Contohnya, <em>predecessor</em> dari 8 adalah 7, sedangkan <em>successor</em>-nya adalah 9.</p>
<p>Konstanta</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Konstanta untuk nilai bertipe bilangan bulat harus ditulis tanpa mengandung titik desimal.</p>
<p>Operasi</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Operasi yang dilakukan terhadap bilangan bulat ada dua macam, yaitu operasi aritmetika dan operasi perbandingan.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">a. Operasi Aritmetika</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Operasi aritmetika terhadap bilangan bulat dengan sembarang operator aritmetika akan menghasilkan nilai yang bertipe bilangan bulat juga. Operator aritmetika yang    berlaku pada bilangan bulat adalah:</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>+ (tambah), &#8211; (kurang), * (kali), div (bagi),  mod (sisa hasil bagi)</em>.</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Operator <em>div (divide)</em> adalah operator pembagian khusus untuk bilangan bulat yang memberikan hasil pembagian berupa bilangan bulat, sedangkan <em>mod (modulo)</em> memberikan sisa hasil pembagian. Obyek yang dioperasikan disebut <em>operand</em>. Misalkan pada operasi a + b, masing-masing a dan b adalah <em>operand</em>, sedangkan “+” adalah <em>operator</em>-nya. Semua <em>operator</em> di atas membutuhakan dua buah <em>operand</em> dalam pengoperasiannya, sehingga disebut juga <em>operator biner</em>. Khusus untuk operator “-“, dapat juga menjadi <em>operator uner</em>, karena dapat dioperasikan sebagai dengan satu operand, misalnya –5, -25, dan sebagainya.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">b. Operasi Perbandingan</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Operasi perbandingan terhadap bilangan bulat dengan salah satu operator relasional menghasilkan nilai boolean (true atau false). Operator perbandingan untuk bilangan bulat adalah:</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>&#60; (lebih kecil)</em></p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>&#60;= (lebih kecil atau sama dengan)</em></p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>&#62; (lebih besar)</em></p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>&#62;= (lebih besar atau sama dengan)</em></p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>= (sama dengan)</em></p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>&#60; &#62; (tidak sama dengan)</em></p>
<p><strong>3. Bilangan Riil</strong></p>
<p>Bilangan riil adalah bilangan yang mengandung pecahan desimal, misalnya 3.65, 0.0003, 2.60240000E-6, dan lain-lain.</p>
<p>Nama Tipe</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Nama tipe bilangan riil adalah <strong><em>real</em></strong></p>
<p>Ranah Nilai (jangkauan)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Dalam implementasinya , tipe <em>real</em> mempunyai rentang nilai yang terbatas tergantung dengan kompilator yang digunakan (secara teoritis tipe bilangan riil memiliki rentang nilai yang tidak terbatas).</p>
<p>Konstanta</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Setiap konstanta yang bertipe bilangan riil harus ditulis dengan tanda titik desimal.</p>
<p>Operasi</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Operasi yang dilakukan terhadap bilangan riil ada dua macam, yaitu operasi aritmetika dan operasi perbandingan.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">a. Operasi Aritmetika</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Operasi aritmetika terhadap bilangan riil dengan sembarang operator aritmetika akan menghasilkan nilai yang bertipe bilangan riil juga. Operator aritmetika yang berlaku pada bilangan riil adalah:</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>+ (tambah), &#8211; (kurang), * (kali), / (bagi)</em></p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Umumnya kompilator bahasa pemrograman membolehkan operasi campuran, yaitu operasi aritmetika dengan salah satu <em>operand</em>-nya bertipe bilangan riil sedangkan operand lainnya bilangan bulat. Oleh kompilator tersebut, nilai operand bilangan bulat dikonversi menjadi bilangan riil. Hal ini juga berlaku bila semua operand merupakan bilangan bulat, sedangkan peubah penampungnya bertipe riil. Sedapat mungkin di dalam algoritma kita menghindari operasi campuran.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">b. Operasi Perbandingan</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Operasi perbandingan terhadap bilangan riil dengan salah satu operator relasional menghasilkan nilai <em>boolean (true atau false)</em>. Operator perbandingan untuk bilangan riil adalah:</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;"><em>&#60; (lebih kecil), &#60;= (lebih kecil atau sama dengan), &#62; (lebih besar), &#62;= (lebih besar atau sama dengan), &#60; &#62; (tidak sama dengan)</em>.</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">Pada operasi perbandingan terhadap bilangan riil tidak mengenal operator kesamaan atau “=”. Hal ini karena bilangan riil tidak dapat disajikan secara tepat oleh komputer. Misalnya 1/3 tidak sama dengan 0.3333333, sebab 1/3=0.33333333……….. (dengan angka tiga yang tidak pernah berhenti).</p>
<p><strong>4. Karakter</strong></p>
<p>Tidak seperti tipe bilangan bulat yang digunakan untuk menyimpan data <em>numeris</em>, tipe karakter digunakan untuk menyimpan data <em>alfanumeris</em>, seperti A, Z, @, $, 1, 9, &#38;, *, dsb.</p>
<p>Nama Tipe</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Tipe data karakter didefinisikan dengan <strong><em>char</em></strong></p>
<p>Ranah Nilai (jangkauan)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Dalam hal ini bisa berupa apa saja, termasuk semua kode ASCII</p>
<p>Konstanta</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Tetapan untuk data bertipe karakter harus diapit oleh tanda petik tunggal.</p>
<p>Operasi</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Operasi yang dapat dilakukan terhadap tipe karakter adalah operasi perbandingan. Operator perbandingan yang berlaku untuk tipe karakter adalah:</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em>&#60; (lebih kecil), &#60;= (lebih kecil atau sama dengan), &#62; (lebih besar), &#62;= (lebih besar atau    sama dengan), = (sama dengan), &#60; &#62; (tidak sama dengan)</em>.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Seperti halnya pada tipe bilangan bulat, tipe karakter juga mempunyai ketentuan <em>(successor dan predecessor)</em> yang ditentukan oleh cara pengkodeannya di dalam komputer, misalnya pengkodean ASCII. Operasi dengan operator perbandingan akan menghasilkan nilai boolean.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">Contoh:</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">‘a’ = ‘a’ (hasil: True)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">‘T ’= ’t’ (hasil: False)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">‘m’ &#60; ‘z’ (hasil: True)</p>
<p><strong>VARIABEL</strong></p>
<p>Variabel adalah <em>identifier</em> yang berisi data yang dapat berubah-ubah nilainya didalam program. Syarat penulisannya adalah:</p>
<p>- Tidak boleh menggunaka spasi</p>
<p>- Tidak boleh dimulai dengan angka</p>
<p>- Tidak boleh menggunakan tanda strip (-)</p>
<p>- Boleh menggunakan tanda underscore ( _ )</p>
<p>Contoh variabel (pengenal) yang benar :</p>
<p>- semester_1</p>
<p>- N2</p>
<p>- K</p>
<p>- HargaBarang</p>
<p>- Nilai_Akhir</p>
<p>- JumlahPenduduk</p>
<p>- Jumlah_Total</p>
<p>Contoh variabel identifier (pengenal) yang salah :</p>
<p>- Semester 1</p>
<p>- 2N</p>
<p>- Harga Barang</p>
<p>- Jumlah-Penduduk</p>
<p><strong>OPERATOR</strong></p>
<p>Pada dasarnya ada tujuh macam operator, yaitu :</p>
<p>1. operator pemberian nilai, contoh : =</p>
<p>2. operator aritmetik , contoh : +, &#8211; , *, /, div, mod</p>
<p>3. operator pemanipulasi bit</p>
<p>4. operator Boolean, contoh : And, Or, Nand, Nor, Xor</p>
<p>5. operator pembanding, contoh : &#62;, &#62; = , &#60;, &#60; = , &#60; &#62;</p>
<p>6. operator himpunan, contoh : + (Union) , &#8211; (Selisih) , * (Intersection)</p>
<p>7. operator string, contoh : + (concat)</p>
<p>Tapi pada postingan ini tidak akan dibahas semua operator tersebut, hanya beberapa saja.</p>
<p><strong>1. Operator Pemberi Nilai</strong></p>
<p>Operator yang paling sering digunkan adalah operator pemberian nilai. Contoh :</p>
<p>A := 12 ; {untuk tipe bil. Bulat / integer}</p>
<p>B := ‘Hallo….’ ; {untuk tipe string}</p>
<p>Phi := 3.14 ; {untuk tipe real}</p>
<p><strong>2. Operator Aritmetik</strong></p>
<p>Operator aritmetik hanya dapat dipakai pada operan bertipe bilangan bulat dan riil. Ada enam macam operator aritmetik, yaitu :</p>
<p><em>+ (Penjumlahan), &#8211; (Pengurangan), * (Perkalian), / (Pembagian), Div (Pembagian bil. Bulat), Mod (Sisa pembagian/modulus)</em></p>
<p>Berikut ini adalah contoh penggunaan operator aritmetik :</p>
<p>X := y + z ;</p>
<p>Z := a – b – c – d ;</p>
<p>L := 5 * 9 * 3.14 ;</p>
<p>X := a / b ;</p>
<p>C := 10 div 2 ;</p>
<p>D := i mod j ;</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Des Moines Ad Agencies Get Social]]></title>
<link>http://admavericks.com/2009/10/15/des-moines-ad-agencies-get-social/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 18:55:59 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>joshuafleming</dc:creator>
<guid>http://admavericks.com/2009/10/15/des-moines-ad-agencies-get-social/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[We&#8217;ve noticed a growing trend in Des Moines. Ad agencies and marketing firms are joining the s]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p style="text-align:left;"><img class="size-medium wp-image-2251 aligncenter" title="meerkats-social-media-1" src="http://admavericks.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/meerkats-social-media-1.jpg?w=300" alt="meerkats-social-media-1" width="300" height="278" />We&#8217;ve noticed a growing trend in Des Moines. Ad agencies and marketing firms are joining the social media revolution. Now you may be thinking, &#8220;What is this guy thinking? He&#8217;s going to talk about competitors?&#8221;</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">You bet I am!</p>
<p>Singing the praises of social media goodness doesn&#8217;t do me much good if there aren&#8217;t others doing the same. Otherwise everyone thinks you&#8217;re a crazy prophet like the folks in this Life of Brian clip.<br />
<span style='text-align:center; display: block;'><object width='425' height='350'><param name='movie' value='http://www.youtube.com/v/D8WmvMCTW_g&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' /><param name='allowfullscreen' value='true' /><param name='wmode' value='transparent' /><embed src='http://www.youtube.com/v/D8WmvMCTW_g&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' allowfullscreen='true' width='425' height='350' wmode='transparent'></embed></object></span><br />
My apologies for the Monty Python reference in the blog post. But social media uses terms like &#8220;brand evangelists&#8221;, and &#8220;brand advocates&#8221; but I assure you, this is not a cult.</p>
<p>Think about the first agency that suggested a television spot:</p>
<p>Client: So you want me to put moving pictures with sound on this box here and talk about my product?<br />
Agency: You betcha!<br />
Client: Won&#8217;t they change the channel when my moving pictures come on?<br />
Agency: What&#8217;s a channel?</p>
<p>While social media is still only in its infancy, it&#8217;s not going away. And although ad agencies are cynics, they&#8217;re also often the earliest adopters of new mediums. But if you&#8217;re working with an ad agency that has taken the ol&#8217; Mizzou &#8220;Show Me State&#8221; mentality before jumping in – they&#8217;re probably doing you a disservice.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll argue with anyone all day that social media works. Whether or not the agencies listed here believe that it works or are just trying to prove it to themselves is another thing all together. If you are just now being introduced to Lessing-Flynn or getting to know Lessing-Flynn in a whole new way right now, it&#8217;s because of social media. What better way to generate new relationships than telling the Lessing-Flynn story through social media?</p>
<p>There are many platforms for social media but blogging and tweeting seem to be the most popular among Des Moines ad agencies and marketing firms. Many of these firms are probably also using Facebook, YouTube and Linked In, etc. It is extremely important to note that even if companies use these social media platforms, they are basically worthless without a sound strategy in place.</p>
<p>So, without further adieu, here are some of the Des Moines based ad agencies and marketing firms that are blogging and/or on Twitter. The firms are listed in alphabetical order. If I&#8217;ve left anyone off the list, please let me know and I will get them on here faster than you can say <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYcqQxkhcB8"><strong>Angelina JoFish!</strong></a></p>
<p>AKC Marketing &#8211; <strong><a href="http://www.akcmarketing.blogspot.com/">Blog </a></strong></p>
<p>Create Wow Media &#8211; <a href="http://twitter.com/createWOWmedia"><strong>Twitter</strong></a> - <strong><a href="http://createwowmedia.com/blog">Blog</a></strong></p>
<p>Flynn Wright <strong>- <a href="http://twitter.com/flynnwright">Twitter</a></strong></p>
<p>Innova &#8211; <strong><a href="http://twitter.com/innovaideas">Twitter</a></strong></p>
<p>Insight Advertising<strong> &#8211; <a href="http://twitter.com/InsightAdv">Twitter</a> &#8211; <a href="http://insightadvertising.typepad.com/">Blog </a></strong></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:normal;">Integer -</span><span style="font-weight:normal;"><strong> </strong></span><a href="http://twitter.com/shopperculture"><strong>Twitter</strong></a><strong> &#8211; </strong><span style="font-weight:normal;"><strong> </strong></span><a href="http://www.shopperculture.com/"><strong>Blog</strong></a></p>
<p>Lessing-Flynn &#8211; <a href="http://twitter.com/AdMavericks"><strong>Twitter</strong></a><strong> &#8211; </strong><a href="http://admavericks.com/"><strong>Blog</strong></a> (duh)</p>
<p>Love Scott &#8211; <a href="http://twitter.com/Love_Scott"><strong>Twitter </strong></a><strong> &#8211; </strong><a href="http://thebrandchef.com/"><strong>Blog</strong></a><strong> </strong></p>
<p>McLellan Marketing Group &#8211; <strong><a href="http://twitter.com/DrewMclellan">Twitter</a> &#8211; </strong><a href="http://www.drewsmarketingminute.com/"><strong>Blog</strong></a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:normal;">Measured Intentions &#8211; </span><a href="http://twitter.com/jasonlacava"><strong>Twitter</strong></a><span style="font-weight:normal;"><strong> &#8211; </strong></span><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="http://www.measuredintentions.com/WhatWereSaying/tabid/58/Default.aspx"><strong>Blog</strong></a></span></p>
<p>Performance Marketing - <a href="http://twitter.com/performancemkt"><strong>Twitter </strong></a><span style="font-weight:normal;"><strong>- </strong><a href="http://performancemkt.wordpress.com/"><strong>Blog</strong></a></span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:normal;">Push Branding and Design -<strong> </strong><strong><a href="http://twitter.com/pushmybrand">Twitter</a></strong></span></p>
<p>Strategic America - <a href="http://twitter.com/ourcouch"><strong>Twitter</strong></a><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Trilix &#8211; <a href="http://twitter.com/Trilix"><strong>Twitter</strong></a></p>
<p>Two Rivers Marketing - <a href="http://twitter.com/TwoRiversMktg"><strong>Twitter</strong></a> - <strong><a href="http://blog.tworiversmarketing.com/">Blog</a></strong></p>
<p>ZLR Ignition &#8211; <a href="http://whatsnew.zlrignition.com/"><strong>Blog</strong></a></p>
<p>P.S. Special thanks to <a href="http://twitter.com/chrisweishaar"><strong>Chris Weishaar</strong></a> at Two Rivers Marketing for a recent tweet which inspired this post.</p>
<p><em>Author: Josh Fleming<br />
</em><strong><a href="http://www.lessingflynn.com/">www.lessingflynn.com</a></strong></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Pascal - z czym to się je?]]></title>
<link>http://piekarz.wordpress.com/2009/10/11/pascal-z-czym-to-sie-je/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2009 20:30:57 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Piekarz</dc:creator>
<guid>http://piekarz.wordpress.com/2009/10/11/pascal-z-czym-to-sie-je/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Widzę że się robi z tego blog szkolny dlatego pewnie dla spraw szkoły niedługo wystartuje inny podle]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Widzę że się robi z tego blog szkolny dlatego pewnie dla spraw szkoły niedługo wystartuje inny podległy temu blog o podstawach podstaw. (TEN PORADNIK TO WERSJA BETA, PISANA NA SZYBKO! NA DNIACH POJAWI SIĘ WERSJA PEŁNA POPRAWNA, ZAGLĄDNIJ!)<!--more--></p>
<p>Więc najpierw parę zagadnień z lekcji. (Komentarze są to teksty w nawiasach <code> {} </code> one są przez kompilator pomijane, po prostu tak jakby ich nie było, służą jedynie człowiekowi).</p>
<p>Szkielet programu:<br />
<code><br />
<strong>program </strong>nazwa;<em><br />
{nie obowiązkowa linijka, stawiamy po niej średnik!}</em><br />
<strong>uses </strong>crt;<br />
<em>{crt jest to moduł, jest to plik z funkcjami i poleceniami które będziemy wykorzystywać do pracy programu, po przecinku można dopisać kilka innych modułów, a nawet własne o czym dowiemy się kiedy indziej, zapis kończy średnik, <strong> uses </strong> sugeruje programowi że po tym słowie kluczowym (aż do następnego) będą podawane nazwy modułów do wczytania, oddzielone przecinkami} </em><br />
<strong> CONST </strong><br />
<em>{tu jest brak średnika, pod nazwą const wypisujemy STAŁE, czyli zmienne które się nie zmieniają, na razie o tym nie było na lekcjach ale może się niedługo pojawić.}</em><br />
{przykładowe deklaracje}<br />
slowo="tresc";<br />
liczba=29;<br />
{zmiennym nadajemy jakie chcemy nazwy. Jedyny warunek to że muszą być różne od słów składniowych pascala (czyli takie jak CONST, VAR, BEGIN, END). Po deklaracji stałej następuje średnik}<br />
<strong>VAR</strong><br />
<em> {tutaj także bez średnika, zapis ten mówi że po nim pojawią się DEKLARACJE zmiennych. Zarówno VAR jak i CONST zgłaszają BŁĄD SKŁADNIOWY jeżeli po tych słowach nie będzie chociaż jednej zmiennej.} </em><br />
liczba2 : <strong>integer</strong>;<br />
liczba6 : <strong>real</strong>;<br />
znak : <strong>char</strong>;<br />
liczba_gej : <strong>byte</strong>;<br />
cos : <strong>bool</strong>; <em><br />
{o ile przy stałych przypisujemy od razu wartość o tyle przy zmiennych ustalamy tylko ich typ! Dlaczego tak? Typ zmiennej określa ile BITÓW w pamięci komputera dana zmienna zajmuje. Integer np. zajmuje 4 bajty, i jak będziemy chcieli tam wpisać coś z Reala, który zajmuje np. 8 bajtów, to ta liczba się nie zmieści i zrobi się bałagan bo napisze kolejne komórki gdzie mogą być już inne ważne dane! Kompilator źle zapisze i też źle odczyta, bo wiedząc że coś jest Integer, będzie chciał odczytać 4 bajty a nie 8 bajtów. Nazwy zmiennych tworzymy tak samo jak nazwy stałych, nie mogą się one powtarzać. Wartość będziemy przypisywać potem. Dlaczego nie używamy zawsze Real? Optymalizacja kodu. Jeśli wiemy że liczba jest z zakresu 0-255 to dajemy Byte która zajmie 1 bajt a nie 8 bajtów. Mając setki takich zmiennych są to już różnice liczone w MB! }</em><br />
<strong>begin </strong><em><br />
{między BEGIN i END. jest główna treść programu, po END jest kropka po BEGIN nie ma nic.} </em><br />
<strong>BEGIN</strong><em><br />
{ Istnieją także BEGIN i END z średnikiem na końcu i one grupują polecenia w bloki, przyda się później} </em><br />
<strong>end;</strong><br />
<strong>end.</strong></code></p>
<p><span style="color:#50b4f8;font-size:large;">Teoria programowania</span></p>
<p>Mówiłem o zmiennych i ich rozmiarach ale skąd wiedzieć co czemu przypisać?</p>
<p>Nazwa				zakres						Co przedstawiają.</p>
<hr />bool				0-1						Całkowite<br />
integer  		 -32768&#8230;32767  					Całkowite<br />
byte 			0&#8230;255 						Całkowite<br />
longint 		-2147483648&#8230;2147483647 				Całkowite<br />
shortint 		-128&#8230;127 						Całkowite<br />
word 			0&#8230;65535 						Całkowite<br />
real 			5.0&#215;10-324&#8230;1.7&#215;10308	 				Rzeczywiste<br />
double 			5.0&#215;10-324&#8230;1.7&#215;10308 					Rzeczywiste<br />
extended 		3.4&#215;10-4932..1.1&#215;104932 				Rzeczywiste<br />
comp 			-9 223 372 036 854 775 808&#8230;9 223 372 036 854 775 807 	Rzeczywiste<br />
Char 			0-255(wartość znaku ASCII)				Znak<br />
String 			0-255(ilość znaków CHAR)				Znaków</p>
<p>Podstawowe operatory</p>
<p>:=  			Przypisuje zmiennej jakąś wartość<br />
= 			Operator porównuję wartości<br />
+ 			Dodaję wartości lub zmienne<br />
- 			Odejmuję wartości lub zmienne<br />
* 			Mnoży wartości lub zmienne<br />
/ 			dzieli wartości lub zmienne<br />
div 			dzieli wartości lub liczby. Zwraca wartość całkowitą<br />
mod 			Zwraca resztę z dzielenia</p>
<p>I to tyle jeśli na razie chodzi o teorię.</p>
<p><span style="color:#50b4f8;font-size:large;">Programy </span></p>
<p>Przedstawię teraz trochę programów z lekcji&#8230; Będzie krótki opis więc większości musicie się domyślić bo inaczej was nie dam rady zmusić do myślenia&#8230;</p>
<p>1. Program wpisze zdanie na ekranie.<br />
<code><br />
program cos;<br />
BEGIN<br />
Write('Witaj!');<br />
Writeln('Witaj!');<br />
END.<br />
</code></p>
<p>Pierwsze polecenie to <code> WRITE </code> Polecenie to wypisuje słowo umieszczone w nawiasach w pojedynczym cudzysłowie, może wypisywać także zmienne. Między nawiasami a poleceniem nie ma spacji. Po poleceniu następuje średnik. Polecenie <code> WRITELN</code>, różny się od <code> WRITE </code> tym że po swojej pracy przechodzi do nowej lini.</p>
<p>2. Program który pobierze i zapisze daną.<br />
<code><br />
program cos;<br />
var<br />
zmienna1 : integer;<br />
BEGIN<br />
Write('Podaj zmienna1: ');<br />
readln(zmienna1);<br />
END.<br />
</code></p>
<p>Tu już potrzebowaliśmy zmienną, jak widać została ona ładnie zdeklarowana. Nowe polecenie jest <code> READ </code> a dokładniej <code> READLN </code> różni się tak samo jak te polecenia wyżej. Dlaczego zastosowałem <code> READLN </code>? Po to żeby mi ładnie przeszło do nowej lini, i napis który się by po tym wpisał były w nowej linii. Polecenie <code> READ </code> służy do popierania zmiennej od kogoś przed komputerem i ją zapisuje w zmiennej którą mu się podaje w nawiasie, tym razem bez cudzysłowu lecz też w nawiasach i ze średnikiem na końcu.</p>
<p>3. Program który obliczy i wypiszę sumę dwóch zmiennych.<br />
<code><br />
program cos;<br />
var<br />
zm1 : integer;<br />
zm2 : integer;<br />
wynik : integer;<br />
BEGIN<br />
zm1 := 5;<br />
zm2 := 10;<br />
wynik := zm1 + zm2;<br />
WRITELN(zm1+zm2);<br />
WRITELN(wynik);<br />
END.<br />
</code><br />
<em> Wypisywanie zmiennych jest także bez cudzysłowu! </em><br />
Ładnie deklarujemy trzy zmienne. Posiadają one losowe pamięci, pozostawione przez śmieci w pamięci. Dlatego musimy im nadać własne wartości. Robimy to przez znak przypisania. Później w zmiennej trzeciej wpisujemy wynik sumy dwóch innych zmiennych. Wynik zapamięta wynik tej operacji. Zmienne które brały udział w operacji się nie zmienią. Później na dwa sposoby wypiszemy ich sumę. Przez działanie i przez zmienną z wynikiem działania. A teraz dla jak dla debila. Mówimy programowi tak:</p>
<p>1. Zapamiętaj, zmienna zm1 wynosi pięć!<br />
2. Zapamiętaj! zmienna zm2 wynosi dziesięć!<br />
3. W ziemną wynik wstaw wynik jaki by wyszedł z dodania do siebie zm1 i zm2.<br />
4. Wypisz mi jaki byłby wynik operacji zm1 plus zm2.<br />
5. Wypisz mi zmienną wynik, pamiętasz jaką miałeś wstawić tam wartość?</p>
<p>3 b).<br />
Niektóre działania zwrócą nam brzydką postać. Na przykład dzielenie.<br />
<code><br />
var<br />
zm1 : integer;<br />
zm2 : integer;<br />
BEGIN<br />
zm1 := 5;<br />
zm2 := 10;<br />
WRITELN(zm1/zm2:0:2);<br />
END.<br />
</code></p>
<p>Ponieważ program wypisał nam to nie ładnie bo w <a href="http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notacja_naukowa">postaci wykładniczej. </a> Możemy dodać ładną modyfikację.</p>
<p><code><br />
var<br />
zm1 : integer;<br />
zm2 : integer;<br />
BEGIN<br />
zm1 := 5;<br />
zm2 := 10;<br />
WRITELN(zm1+zm2:0:2);<br />
END.<br />
</code></p>
<p>Magiczna opcja <code> WRITELN(zm1+zm2:0:2); </code> Mówi o tym jak ma być wypisany wynik, możecie sobie z tym poeksperymentować natomiast ta ostatnia liczba oznacza ilość zer po przecinku.</p>
<p>4. Dzielnie przez zero ze sprawdzaniem.<br />
Na tym chyba stanęło na lekcji. Zostanie tutaj używa pętla warunkowa IF której składnię opiszę później &#8211; najpierw program.</p>
<p><code><br />
program cos;<br />
var<br />
zm1 : integer;<br />
zm2 : integer;<br />
BEGIN<br />
Write('Podaj pierwszą liczbę: ');<br />
readln(zm1);<br />
Write('Podaj drugą liczbę: ');<br />
readln(zm2);<br />
IF zm1&#60;&#62;0 THEN<br />
Writeln(zm1/zm2:0:2)<br />
else<br />
Writeln('Zmienna nie może być zerem! Bo się nie dzieli przez zero!');<br />
END.<br />
</code></p>
<p>Nowe jest tylko <code> IF </code> które zaraz opisze. Wszystko co jest w programie powinno być jasne. Polecenie <code> else</code> jest częścią polecenia <code> IF </code>.</p>
<p><code><br />
IF <em>warunek_logiczny</em> THEN<br />
BEGIN<br />
{blok poleceń jeśli warunek spełniony}<br />
END<br />
ELSE<br />
BEGIN<br />
{blok poleceń jeśli nie spełniony}<br />
END;<br />
</code></p>
<p>Jeśli któryś z bloków poleceń jest równy jednemu poleceniu to nie trzeba pisać BEGIN i END, co ciekawe, przed ELSE nie może być średnika! Na razie to tyle, jak mówiłem jest to wersja BETA, wersję dobrą napiszę niedługo.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[[bash] Test if a variable is an integer using BASH script]]></title>
<link>http://nixtricks.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/bash-test-if-a-variable-is-an-integer-using-bash-scrip/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2009 07:39:19 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>kousik</dc:creator>
<guid>http://nixtricks.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/bash-test-if-a-variable-is-an-integer-using-bash-scrip/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[#!/bin/bash                                                                                         ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><blockquote>
<pre>#!/bin/bash                                                                                                                                                  
echo "Enter an integer; I'll test if it's really a one"
read VARIABLE
while [ -z "$VARIABLE" ]; do # Trap empty strings (but there's really no need!)                                                                           
   echo "Please enter something instead of just hitting ENTER. Thank you!"
    read VARIABLE
done
#                                                                                                                                                                           
if [ "$VARIABLE" -eq "$VARIABLE" &#62;&#38; /dev/null ]; then # test if integer
    echo "'$VARIABLE' is indeed an integer"
else
     echo "'$VARIABLE' is not an integer"
 fi
 echo "Good bye!"
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Save the above in a file, say testint.sh, make it executable and test in the command line. The  if statement does an arithmetic comparison which complains a lot if $VARIABLE is not an integer (that&#8217;s why there is a redirection!).</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Hunter and Crew at L!ve.]]></title>
<link>http://allaussiehiphop.wordpress.com/2009/09/28/hunter-and-crew-at-lve/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 28 Sep 2009 05:44:12 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>steps1</dc:creator>
<guid>http://allaussiehiphop.wordpress.com/2009/09/28/hunter-and-crew-at-lve/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[18+ Event. Entry is $15. Raffle at the door, prize = 5 free drinks &amp; 2 free entries To The 100% ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[18+ Event. Entry is $15. Raffle at the door, prize = 5 free drinks &amp; 2 free entries To The 100% ]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Project Euler]]></title>
<link>http://roadsofthought.wordpress.com/2009/09/08/project-euler/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2009 07:13:15 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>geoffreybernardo</dc:creator>
<guid>http://roadsofthought.wordpress.com/2009/09/08/project-euler/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[I am taking part in Project Euler, which is a set of mathematical problems, which require the develo]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>I am taking part in <a href="http://projecteuler.net/index.php?section=about" target="_blank">Project Euler</a>, which is a set of mathematical problems, which require the development of algorithms and the writing of computer programs for their solutions.</p>
<div id="attachment_5" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 520px"><img class="size-full wp-image-5" title="ProjectEulerHomePage" src="http://roadsofthought.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/projecteulerhomepage1.jpg" alt="Home page of Project Euler." width="510" height="285" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Home page of Project Euler.</p></div>
<p>The solution to each problem is a number which has to be typed in on the website. The website keeps track of all the problems that you have solved. Upon the submittal of a correct solution, you are granted access to a forum where you may discuss the method for solving the problem with other successful users.</p>
<p>I started last week Friday and have solved the first two problems so far out of  the current 254 (new problems are added regularly).</p>
<div id="attachment_7" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 519px"><img class="size-full wp-image-7" title="ProblemsSolved" src="http://roadsofthought.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/problemssolved1.jpg" alt="Two out of 254 problems solved." width="509" height="486" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Two out of 254 problems solved.</p></div>
<p>I plan to use the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran">Fortran</a> programming language throughout to improve my skills in that langauge. The first two problems were very easy:</p>
<ol>
<li>Find the sum of all multiples of 3 or 5 less than 1000.</li>
<li>Find the sum of all even-valued terms in the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FibonacciNumber.html" target="_blank">Fibonacci sequence</a> which do not exceed four million.</li>
</ol>
<p>I simply used Fortran to write simple programs to calculate the sums. The third problem is giving me a headache:</p>
<div id="attachment_9" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 520px"><img class="size-full wp-image-9" title="Problem3" src="http://roadsofthought.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/problem31.jpg" alt="Problematic third problem." width="510" height="282" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Problematic third problem.</p></div>
<p>The reason I have a headache is that <strong>600,851,475,143</strong> is about 300 times larger than the largest integer that a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32-bit">32-bit computer</a> can hold, <strong>2,147,483,647</strong>.</p>
<p>I had a simple plan for this problem:</p>
<ol>
<li>Translate my prime number generating code from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic">Visual Basic </a>to Fortran and store it in a program called Primes.f95. <strong><span style="color:#ff0000;">DONE!</span></strong></li>
<li>Write the prime numbers to a text file called Primes.txt. <span style="color:#ff0000;"><strong>DONE!</strong></span></li>
<li>Write another program, PrimeFactor.f95, for calculating the prime factors of an integer fed in by the user.</li>
<li>PrimeFactor.f95 would contain an array, Primes(Size), which would be filled with primes read in from the Primes.txt text file.</li>
<li>The fed-in integer would then be divided by the primes in the Primes(Size) array to find its prime factors.</li>
<li>The largest of the prime factors I would then type into Project Euler and, E Voila!, have three problems solved.</li>
</ol>
<p>One way to get past this is to specify the Primes(Size) array as of the REAL data type, instead of as an integer, because <strong>600,851,475,143 </strong>is miniscule in comparison with the largest real number that a 32-bit computer can hold, 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 or 1E+38 .</p>
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<title><![CDATA[PHP: array_merge]]></title>
<link>http://drazraeltod.wordpress.com/2009/08/16/php-array_merge/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2009 16:26:42 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Dr. Azrael Tod</dc:creator>
<guid>http://drazraeltod.wordpress.com/2009/08/16/php-array_merge/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Kommen wir mal wieder zu den wirklich ekligen Sachen im täglichen Berufsleben: z.B. die diversen Eig]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Kommen wir mal wieder zu den wirklich ekligen Sachen im täglichen Berufsleben: z.B. die diversen Eigenarten von PHP. Jeder der sich schonmal mehr als 3-4 Sprachen angesehen hat wird wohl bemerken was für eine Qual die Arbeit mit dynamischer Typisierung manchmal wird.</p>
<p>Wirklich schlimm wird das aber erst, wenn man an eine Stelle kommt, da man keinen direkten Einfluss auf die interpretierten Datentypen hat, sprich: wenn ich eine bereits vorliegende Funktion verwende und mit ihrer Funktionsweise leben muss. Ein typischer Fall für dies, der mich jedes Mal aufs neue nervt ist die Art wie die PHP-internen Array-Funktionen definiert sind. Erstmal grundsätzlich finde ich es ja nicht schlimm dass die Autoren von PHP sich offensichtlich nicht entscheiden konnten ob sie nun Arrays oder Dictioneries implementieren wollten. Natürlich kann man beide Konzepte für einfache Operationen gleich verwenden, wenn es jedoch an komplexere Sachen geht sollte man sich verdammt nochmal an ein Konzept halten!<!--more--></p>
<p>Jedenfalls hat  PHP nun seine Dictionaries die als Arrays bezeichnet werden und Funktionen die sich nicht entscheiden können womit sie arbeiten wollen. Dies kombiniert mit der Schwäche nicht entscheiden zu können ob es sich bei dem String den ein Nutzer gerade eingegeben hat um einen Integer oder einen String handelt, sorgt für Aktionen bei denen einem die Haare zu berge stehen.</p>
<p>Wenn ich z.B. zwei assoziative Arrays mit <a href="http://de2.php.net/array_merge" target="_blank">array_merge</a> zu einem Zusammenschieben will, so reagiert PHP komplett unterschiedlich, je nachdem welche Keys vergeben werden.<br />
Werden reine Integer-Werte verwendet, so kann PHP nicht erkennen dass ess sich um manuell festgelegte Schlüssel handelt, es sieht nach einem normalen Array aus in dem den Values keine bewusst gewählten Keys zugewiesen wurden. In diesem Fall macht also array_merge nicht viel mehr als die beiden Arrays hintereinander zu hängen.</p>
<p>Wenn jedoch ganz eindeutige Strings als Keys vergeben werden, so reagiert die Funktion anders. Hier ist ja eindeutig sichtbar dass jemand einen Wert an einer ganz bestimmten Stelle speichern wollte, also werden die Werte überschrieben.</p>
<p>In der Praxis bedeutet das also, dass wenn ich folgende Arrays jeweils mit sich selbst merge, ich komplett unterschiedliche Ergebnisse erhalte</p>
<p><code>array(1=&#62;1, 2=&#62;2)</code>ergibt mit sich selbst gemergt  ein 4-Stelliges Array: <code>array(1,2,1,2)</code><br />
<code>array('a'=&#62;'a', 'b'=&#62;'b')</code> ergibt jedoch dank überschreibung nur sich selbst, wenn man es mit sich selbst merged</p>
<p>Das mag jetzt für sich genommen nervig sein und imho gibt es auch keinen Grund warum man eine Funktion braucht die auf Integer-Keys angewendet exakt das Selbe tut wie wenn ich einfach die Arrays mit + zusammenhänge.<br />
Wenn ich jetzt jedoch noch mit in Betracht ziehe, dass ein String-Key auch mal <code>'1234'</code> lauten kann, wird es endgültig verrückt.<br />
Da 1234==&#8217;1234&#8242; in PHP auf True evaluiert und array_merge nicht den Datentyp überprüft sondern einfach nur nachsieht ob der Key IRGENDWIE als Zahl interpretiert werden kann, werden Arrays mit String-Index von Array-Merge manchmal auch wie solche mit Zahl-Index verwendet.</p>
<p>Was soll das bringen? Hat hier irgendwer schonmal vor dem Problem gestanden dass er 2 assoziative Arrays mit String-Indices hat, von denen er gerne alle mit Text im String überschrieben bekommen hätte und alle bei denen nur  Zahlen im Index stehen lieber angehängt bekommen möchte?</p>
<p>Oder mal aus Anwendungssicht: Stellen wir uns mal vor jemand schreibt eine Anwendung bei der die Objekte für einen Katalog gespeichert werden sollen. Der Einfachheit zuliebe schmeißen wir das also in ein assoziatives Array, bei dem der Key jeweils die Artikelnummer darstellt und die Value die Beschreibung enthällt. Jetzt erklärt mal euren Kunden, warum sie <code>'12345678b'</code> als Artikelnummer vergeben dürfen, das System sich aber die Nummer <code>'12345678'</code> irgendwie nicht merken kann!</p>
<p>Diese Funktionsweise ist nicht nur unsinnig und kontraintuitiv, sie ist auch dumm und gefährlich. Wirklich sinnvoll wäre gewesen die Werte bei gleichen Keys IMMER zu überschreiben, alles andere führt einfach nur zu unsinniger Funktionalität, die man beim Aufruf von array_merge nicht erwartet.<br />
Ich bin ja immer dafür die eingebauten Funktionen zu verwenden, wenn schon aus keinem anderem Grund dann doch wenigstens weil diese meist schneller und besser optimiert sind als alles was man selbst schreibt oder weil man sich einfach nicht immer wieder damit abplagen will das Rad neu zu erfinden.<br />
Hier sah ich jedoch keinen anderen Ausweg, vor allem da PHP einfach keine vernünftige Funktion anbietet.</p>
<pre><code>
function my_array_merge($array1, $array2)
{
    foreach ($array1 as $key =&#62; $value)
    {
         $array2[$key] = $value;
    }
    return $array2;
}
</code></pre>
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<title><![CDATA[PHP For Newbie Part 2]]></title>
<link>http://andrezyel.wordpress.com/2009/08/16/php-for-newbie-part-2/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2009 12:02:46 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Andre</dc:creator>
<guid>http://andrezyel.wordpress.com/2009/08/16/php-for-newbie-part-2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Variabel, Constanta dan Type Data Didalam sebuah bahasa pemrograman, variabel digunakan untuk menyim]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Variabel, Constanta dan Type Data Didalam sebuah bahasa pemrograman, variabel digunakan untuk menyim]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[24th Chinese Mathematical Olympiad (Continued)]]></title>
<link>http://paviavio.wordpress.com/2009/08/06/24th-chinese-mathematical-olympiad-continued/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2009 01:27:47 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>paviavio</dc:creator>
<guid>http://paviavio.wordpress.com/2009/08/06/24th-chinese-mathematical-olympiad-continued/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[The 24th Chinese Mathematical Olympiad (CMO) was held in Hainan province in January 2009. There are ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p style="text-indent:2em;">The 24th Chinese Mathematical Olympiad (CMO) was held in Hainan province in January 2009. There are total 184 high school students from all over China participated in this contest. There are 11 students got all points (126 points), 46 students received gold medal (for score higher than or equal to 93 points, 75 students received silver medal (for score higher than or equal to 51 points, 77 students received bronze medal (for score higher than or equal to 6 points).</p>
<p style="text-indent:2em;">In a <a href="http://paviavio.wordpress.com/2009/06/07/24th-chinese-mathematical-olympiad/" target="_blank">previous post</a>, I translated the questions in the test during the first day. Here are the question during the second day on January 10, 2009 from 8:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.</p>
<p><!--more--></p>
<p style="text-indent:2em;"><strong>4.</strong> Given an integer <em>n</em> ≥ 3, and real numbers <em>a</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>a</em><sub>2</sub>,&#8230;, <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> such that min<sub><sub>1≤i&#60;j≤<em>n</em></sub></sub>&#124;<em>a</em><sub>i</sub> &#8211; <em>a</em><sub>j</sub>&#124; = 1. Find the minimum value of ∑<sub><sub><em>k</em>=1</sub></sub><sup><em>n</em></sup>&#124;<em>a</em><sub><em>k</em></sub>&#124;<sup>3</sup>.</p>
<p style="text-indent:2em;"><strong>5.</strong> Each side and each diagonal of a convex <em>n</em>-polygon is painted in a color out of <em>n</em> different colors. Question: For what kind of <em>n</em>, there is a way to paint it such that for any three colors in the given <em>n</em> colors, there can be found a triangle for which all its vertices are the vertices of the polygon and the three sides are painted in these three colors.</p>
<p style="text-indent:2em;"><strong>6.</strong> Given an integer <em>n</em> ≥ 3, show that there is a set of <em>n</em> distinct positive integers and for any two non-empty subsets <em>A</em>, <em>B</em>, the numbers</p>
<p align="center">∑<sub><sub>x∈<em>A</em></sub></sub><em>x</em>/&#124;<em>A</em>&#124; and ∑<sub><sub>x∈<em>B</em></sub></sub><em>x</em>/&#124;<em>B</em>&#124;</p>
<p>are coprime composite numbers. (Here <sub><sub>x∈X</sub></sub><em>x</em> and &#124;<em>X</em>&#124; represent the sum of values of all elements in a finite set <em>X</em> and the number of elements respectively.)</p>
<p style="text-indent:2em;"><strong>Note:</strong> This is my personal translation and I do not guarantee they are 100% correct. I do not have solutions to these problems.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[The Twitpocalypse Returns]]></title>
<link>http://absolutely2nothing.wordpress.com/2009/08/02/the-twitpocalypse-returns/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2009 14:57:29 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>maximz2005</dc:creator>
<guid>http://absolutely2nothing.wordpress.com/2009/08/02/the-twitpocalypse-returns/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ In my last post, I explained what truly went on in the Twitpocalypse, which dealt with tweet IDs pa]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[ In my last post, I explained what truly went on in the Twitpocalypse, which dealt with tweet IDs pa]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[An Explanation of the Averted Twitpocalypse]]></title>
<link>http://absolutely2nothing.wordpress.com/2009/07/16/an-explanation-of-the-averted-twitpocalypse/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2009 16:33:41 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>maximz2005</dc:creator>
<guid>http://absolutely2nothing.wordpress.com/2009/07/16/an-explanation-of-the-averted-twitpocalypse/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Numerous friends have asked me about this whole Twitpocalypse thing, as they just don&#8217;t get it]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Numerous friends have asked me about this whole Twitpocalypse thing, as they just don&#8217;t get it]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Over 9000]]></title>
<link>http://insomniodominguero.wordpress.com/2009/07/03/over-9000/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 03 Jul 2009 20:26:35 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>entrari</dc:creator>
<guid>http://insomniodominguero.wordpress.com/2009/07/03/over-9000/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Es un placer haber podido encontrar gente suficientemente engañada como para creer que lo que hago s]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Es un placer haber podido encontrar gente suficientemente engañada como para creer que lo que hago se llama dibujar.</p>
<p>A los poco versados en informática esta tira les va a sonar a japonés. Pero claro, a los poco versados en Bola de Dragón esta tira les va a sonar a chino. Si ustedes siguen esta retahíla de sucesos encadenados en el “no conocimiento” habrán tenido el gusto de que una tira les suene en varios idiomas, y eso siempre es una ventaja. Nuestro blog enseña e instruye. No se vayan de todas formas, prometemos irregularidad , pero humor a todos los niveles.</p>
<p>Posdata: Para nada esto va a alterar más los ritmos de publicación en <em>TodoslosLunes</em>, que ya de por ende son una entidad propia como los números de Lost.</p>
<p align="center"><a href="http://entrari.wordpress.com/files/2009/07/over_9000.gif"><img class="size-full wp-image-16" title="Lo cual explicaría por qué no se encuentran demasiados saiyajin trabajando para Google..." src="http://entrari.wordpress.com/files/2009/07/over_9000.gif" alt="Lo cual explicaría por qué no se encuentran demasiados saiyajin trabajando para Google..." /></a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[O que são Variáveis]]></title>
<link>http://visaovirtual.wordpress.com/2009/06/29/o-que-sao-variaveis/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2009 20:54:01 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>lobodaru</dc:creator>
<guid>http://visaovirtual.wordpress.com/2009/06/29/o-que-sao-variaveis/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Variáveis Variável é uma coisa que muita gente não consegue entender na hora de aprender a programar]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><strong>Variáveis</strong></p>
<p>Variável é uma coisa que muita gente não consegue entender na hora de aprender a programar. Então lá vai uma implicação sobre variáveis.</p>
<p><strong>Exemplo:</strong></p>
<p>Vamos usar o exemplo de um armário de arquivos, esses armários vieram vazios para a pessoa que o adquiriu!<br />
Possuem gavetas (espaços) que podem ser guardados documentos.Muitas das gavetas possuem um papel branco escrito Dividas, clientes, ou qualquer outro nome que ajude-nos a organizar os arquivos.<br />
Existem também gavetas maiores ou menores, dependendo da quantidade de arquivos que precisarão ser guardados ali a gaveta tem ser maior ou as vazes não há necessidade de ser muito grande.<br />
E depois dos arquivos não serem mais necessários você pode jogá-los no lixo!</p>
<p>Variável é praticamente a mesma coisa. Ela é um espaço da nossa memória RAM que é reservada para guardar alguma informação (dados). E depois se a informação (dados) guardada ali não ser mais necessária ela é limpada para liberar espaço para os novas informações(dados). E as variáveis recebem um nome (etiqueta) dizendo o que vai ser guardado nesse espaço da memória.</p>
<p><strong>Tipos de Variáveis</strong></p>
<p><em> Strings</em> =   (<span style="color:#ff0000;">Texto</span>)   =  Utilizada para guardar textos.</p>
<p><em>Integer</em> =   (<span style="color:#ff0000;">Inteiros</span>) = Utilizada para guardar números inteiros(sem virgula)</p>
<p><em>Double/Float</em> = (<span style="color:#ff0000;">ponto flutuante</span>)  =  Utilizada para guardar números quebrados com &#8220;virgula&#8221;(o coreto seria o modo inglês &#8220;PONTO&#8221;)</p>
<p><em>Date</em> =   (<span style="color:#ff0000;">Data</span>)     =  Utilizada para guardar uma data.</p>
<p><em>Char</em> =    (<span style="color:#ff0000;">caractere</span>)  =  Utilizada para guardar um Caractere único.</p>
<p><em> Boolean</em> = (<span style="color:#ff0000;">verdadeiro ou falso</span>)  =  ela só dis se é True (1) ou False (0)</p>
<p>Bem existem mais variáveis mais essas são as básicas. Mais tarde divulgo um material mais elaborado sobre o assunto!<br />
Bom ta ai a explicação! Qualquer dúvida comenta ai&#8230;.</p>
<p>Abraços&#8230;.</p>
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