<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- generator="wordpress.com" -->
<rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	>

<channel>
	<title>medline &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/medline/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "medline"</description>
	<pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2009 02:33:24 +0000</pubDate>

	<generator>http://en.wordpress.com/tags/</generator>
	<language>en</language>

<item>
<title><![CDATA[Medline Seamless Inflation Bags - 2-Tube Inflation Bags - Large Adult, 6' x 12 3/4']]></title>
<link>http://cheapbloodpressure.wordpress.com/2009/11/29/medline-seamless-inflation-bags-2-tube-inflation-bags-large-adult-6-x-12-34/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 29 Nov 2009 18:03:09 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>blood1</dc:creator>
<guid>http://cheapbloodpressure.wordpress.com/2009/11/29/medline-seamless-inflation-bags-2-tube-inflation-bags-large-adult-6-x-12-34/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Medline Seamless Inflation Bags &#8211; 2-Tube Inflation Bags &#8211; Large Adult, 6&#8242; x 12 3/4]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Medline Seamless Inflation Bags &#8211; 2-Tube Inflation Bags &#8211; Large Adult, 6&#8242; x 12 3/4&#8242; Review</p>
<p align='center'><img src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31fewWeu0vL._SL160_.jpg" border='0'></a></p>
<p>Feature</p>
<ul>
<li>The Seller usually ships this product within 1-2 business days. In accordance with their customer-centric policy, this Seller does not charge your credit card until the product has been shipped. If unexpectedly, a product is on back order, the Seller may take longer to ship the product however the Seller in all cases, will inform its customers immediately with a choice to cancel or hold the order until shipped.</li>
<li>Before you use any product for health care, we advise that you consult your physician or primary healthcare provider and seek the appropriate advice and supervision prior to use.</li>
<li>Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.</li>
</ul>
<p>Overview<br />
Medline Seamless Inflation Bags &#8211; 2-Tube Inflation Bags &#8211; Large Adult, 6&#8242; x 12 3/4&#8242; Latex<br />
<br />
Nov 29, 2009  12:03:04</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Adding Methodological Filters to MyNCBI]]></title>
<link>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/adding-methodological-filters-to-myncbi/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 17:54:45 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>laikaspoetnik</dc:creator>
<guid>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/11/26/adding-methodological-filters-to-myncbi/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Idea: Arnold Leenders Text: &#8220;Laika&#8221; Methodological Search Filters can help to narrow dow]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Idea: Arnold Leenders Text: &#8220;Laika&#8221; Methodological Search Filters can help to narrow dow]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Medline, Informacion. Pasado. Presente. Futuro.]]></title>
<link>http://bibliotecavirtualribera.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/medline-informacion-pasado-presente-futuro/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 17:35:15 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>jmcamara</dc:creator>
<guid>http://bibliotecavirtualribera.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/medline-informacion-pasado-presente-futuro/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Estimados compañeros, estudiantes, os adjunto algunas referencias bibliograficas, sobre medline. Int]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Estimados compañeros, estudiantes, os adjunto algunas referencias bibliograficas, sobre medline.</p>
<div>
<p><strong>Introducción al Medline</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://wwww.rubenroa.com.ar/papers/horwitz.pdf" target="_blank"><strong>Horwitz, N. H. (2002). “The National Library of Medicine.” Neurosurgery 51(5): 1304-12; discussion 1312-4.</strong></a><br />
Para aquellos que les interese profundizar sobre la historia de la National Library of Medicine, este trabajo presenta una profunda revisión acerca de la creación de esta biblioteca desde sus comienzos como Surgeon Generalâ€™s Library a fines del siglo XIX. También se incluye una revisión sobre la creación y desarrollo del Index Medicus, hasta sus caracterí­sticas actuales como una prominente biblioteca médica.</li>
</ul>
<p><a title="pdf1" href="http://campus.hospitalitaliano.org.ar/file.php/445/Clase_3/Lectura_Recomendada_3/horwitz.pdf" target="_blank"><br />
</a></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Coletti, M. H. and H. L. Bleich (2001). “Medical subject headings used to search the biomedical literature.” J Am Med Inform Assoc 8(4): 317-23.<br />
</strong>Siguiendo con los artí­culos históricos, Coletti publica en el 40° aniversario de la creación del MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) una revisión histórica acerca de del Index Medicus que luego devino en MeSH, describiendo el proceso de indexación a lo largo de los años y detallando sus fortalezas en el momento de realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos de Medline.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><strong>Jiménez Miranda, J. (1998). “Acceso a MEDLINE y LILACS mediante el MeSH y el DeCS ” ACIMED 6(3): 153-162.</strong><br />
A partir de la creación del MeSH, este vocabulario ha sido utilizado para múltiples proyectos y desarrollos para la búsqueda de información biomédica. El vocabulario DeCS (Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud) creado por el BIREME para la base de datos LILACS es uno de los vocabularios que han sido desarrollados a partir del MeSH. En este trabajo se explican las caracterí­sticas de ambos, analizando su estructura y sus componentes, así­ como su relación con los principios aplicados en la indización, en especial, la especificidad y la exhaustividad.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><strong>Lowe, H. J. and G. O. Barnett (1994). “Understanding and using the medical subject headings (MeSH) vocabulary to perform literature searches.” Jama 271(14): 1103-8.<br />
</strong>El MeSH es el tesauro utilizado para la indexación en el Medline. A medida que esta base de datos fue utilizada por usuarios que no provení­an de disciplinas relacionadas con la bibliotecologí­a, -es decir sin conocimientos sobre el concepto de indexación-, fue necesario capacitarlos en el manejo de este vocabulario controlado. Este es uno de los primeros artí­culos que explica la estructura del MeSH para los â€œno expertosâ€ que provienen del área de la salud.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><strong>Marshall, J. G. (1992). “The impact of the hospital library on clinical decision making: the Rochester study.” Bull Med Libr Assoc 80(2): 169-78.</strong><br />
La búsqueda de información en salud permite que el profesional pueda estar mejor informado para la correcta toma de decisiones en la atención de los pacientes. Este estudio midió el impacto que tuvo el hecho de acceder a información en el cuidado de los pacientes en 448 médicos del área de Rochester en el estado de New York. El 80% de los participantes confirmó que el hecho de haber accedido a algún tipo de información cientí­fica modificó la forma en la atención de sus pacientes. Entre los aspectos que se modificaron se puede destacar que el 45% cambió la indicación de una droga, el 51% cambio en la indicación de exámenes diagnósticos y 29% modificó el diagnóstico..</li>
</ul>
<p> Para saber mas, ver el blog de Atencion Primaria, y agradecimiento a Ruben Roa</p>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Pink Glove Dance Motivated by Breast Cancer Awareness]]></title>
<link>http://thelanterngroup.wordpress.com/2009/11/23/pink-glove-dance-motivated-by-breast-cancer-awareness/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2009 20:15:09 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>stonesk</dc:creator>
<guid>http://thelanterngroup.wordpress.com/2009/11/23/pink-glove-dance-motivated-by-breast-cancer-awareness/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[There are probably many good reasons why Providence St. Vincent Hospital in Portland, Oregon was nam]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[There are probably many good reasons why Providence St. Vincent Hospital in Portland, Oregon was nam]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[International Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Health Care 2009 (Vol 25 No 4)]]></title>
<link>http://fadelibrary.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/international-journal-of-health-technology-assessment-in-health-care-2009-vol-25-no-4/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 14:08:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>mevlux</dc:creator>
<guid>http://fadelibrary.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/international-journal-of-health-technology-assessment-in-health-care-2009-vol-25-no-4/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[International Journal of Health Technology Assessment 2009 (Vol 25 No 4) Contents Page Fade Fave: Ho]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><a href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=THC&#38;volumeId=25&#38;issueId=04&#38;iid=6375732#toccontent" target="_blank">International Journal of Health Technology Assessment 2009 (Vol 25 No 4) Contents Page</a></p>
<p><strong>Fade Fave: </strong>How well do search filters perform in identifying economic evaluations in MEDLINE and EMBASE</p>
<p><strong>Fade Skinny:</strong> Economic evaluations are used in order to assess the cost-effectiveness of healthcare technologies. This article assesses the role of MEDLINE and EMBASE in identifying economic evaluations.</p>
<p><strong>(Print subscription held at Fade Library)</strong></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[medline green tree 2 ply toilet tissue 100% recycled / paper case of 96 rolls]]></title>
<link>http://wholesaletissuepaper.wordpress.com/2009/11/05/medline-green-tree-2-ply-toilet-tissue-100-recycled-paper-case-of-96-rolls/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2009 22:27:18 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>banrong42</dc:creator>
<guid>http://wholesaletissuepaper.wordpress.com/2009/11/05/medline-green-tree-2-ply-toilet-tissue-100-recycled-paper-case-of-96-rolls/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Buy Cheap Medline Green Tree 2 Ply Toilet Tissue 100% Recycled / Paper Case of 96 Rolls Buy Low Pric]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><b>Buy Cheap  Medline Green Tree 2 Ply Toilet Tissue 100% Recycled / Paper Case of 96 Rolls  </b><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000PWADVO?tag=all-electronics-20"><img src='http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31i%2BlCwCNHL.jpg' width='300'></a><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000PWADVO?tag=all-electronics-20"><font size="5"><b>Buy  Low Price From Here Now </b></font></a><br />GREEN TREE TOILET TISSUE &#8211; CASE </p>
<p>Made of 100% Recycled Material</p>
<p>All Green Tree paper products from Medline are made from 100% recycled paper. If every household in the U.S. replaced just one roll of virgin fiber toilet paper (500 sheets) with 100% recycled paper, we could save 423,900 trees! Recycled paper also needs less bleaching than virgin paper. All Medline Green Tree products are produced without using chlorine compounds.</p>
<p>2 ply, 4.5&#8243; x 3.8&#8243; sheets.<br />
500 sheets per roll &#8211; 96 rolls per case.<br />
Super soft.<br />
Biodegradable toilet tissue is safe for most septic systems.<br />
Latex Free&#8230;&#8230;..<br style="clear:both;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000PWADVO?tag=all-electronics-20"><b> Readmore </b></a><br />
<h2>Technical Details</h2>
<p> &#8211; Made of 100% Recycled Material <br />  &#8211; Super soft. <br />  &#8211; Produced without using chlorine <br /> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000PWADVO?tag=all-electronics-20"><b>See more technical details </b></a><!--more--><br /><img src="http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/ico_customer_reviews.gif" alt="Customer Buzz" align="absbottom" border="0" />
<div style="background-color:#CCCCCC;height:13px;width:60px;float:left;">
<div style="background-image:url('http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/starbg.gif');width:60px;height:13px;float:left;">
<div style="height:13px;width:60px;float:left;background-image:url('http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/star.png');"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<p>&#160;<span class="rating">&#8220;toilet paper&#8221;</span>&#160;<span class="reviewdate">2009-09-14</span><br />By <b>american dude</b><br />Just fine, only a slightly institutional grade kind of feel, otherwise fine. A genuine full roll of toilet paper and a genuine green product.</p>
<p><img src="http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/ico_customer_reviews.gif" alt="Customer Buzz" align="absbottom" border="0" />
<div style="background-color:#CCCCCC;height:13px;width:60px;float:left;">
<div style="background-image:url('http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/starbg.gif');width:48px;height:13px;float:left;">
<div style="height:13px;width:60px;float:left;background-image:url('http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/star.png');"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<p>&#160;<span class="rating">&#8220;Money-saver&#8221;</span>&#160;<span class="reviewdate">2008-11-01</span><br />By <b>Jason Robson</b> (Aplington, IA USA)<br />It&#8217;s no Charmin-Ultra when it comes to softness, but my toilet is happier, and I&#8217;m glad to save a tree, and spend less money on this deal than at the discount store.  </p>
<p><img src="http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/ico_customer_reviews.gif" alt="Customer Buzz" align="absbottom" border="0" />
<div style="background-color:#CCCCCC;height:13px;width:60px;float:left;">
<div style="background-image:url('http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/starbg.gif');width:48px;height:13px;float:left;">
<div style="height:13px;width:60px;float:left;background-image:url('http://banrong.laikeng.com/images/star.png');"> </div>
</div>
</div>
<p>&#160;<span class="rating">&#8220;Best deal for recycled!&#8221;</span>&#160;<span class="reviewdate">2008-03-22</span><br />By <b>netshopper</b> (Woodside, NY United States)<br />This is the best deal yet. I purchased this after trying several brands. This one isn&#8217;t the softest, which is why it doesn&#8217;t get 5 stars, but it does last a long time and doesn&#8217;t fall apart. The price is decent, as long as it doesn&#8217;t go up and the free shipping deal is still in place. I&#8217;m running low after this month, so I&#8217;ll definitely reorder if the price and deal are the same. </p>
<p><b>Images Product</b><br /><a target='_blank' href='http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31i%2BlCwCNHL.jpg'><img src='http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31i%2BlCwCNHL.jpg' width='240px' border='0' /></a><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000PWADVO?tag=all-electronics-20"><font size="2"><b>Buy Medline Green Tree 2 Ply Toilet Tissue 100% Recycled / Paper Case of 96 Rolls Now </b></font></a></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Sessions de formació per a usuaris de la Biblioteca]]></title>
<link>http://blocfarminfo.ub.edu/2009/11/03/sessions-de-formacio-per-a-usuaris-de-la-biblioteca/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 03 Nov 2009 14:47:33 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Biblioteca de Farmàcia</dc:creator>
<guid>http://blocfarminfo.ub.edu/2009/11/03/sessions-de-formacio-per-a-usuaris-de-la-biblioteca/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[A la Biblioteca de Farmàcia oferim i programem durant tot el curs acadèmic diverses sessions de form]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p style="text-align:justify;"><a href="http://blocfarminfo.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/img_0480.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-3764" style="border:1px solid black;" title="IMG_0480" src="http://blocfarminfo.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/img_0480.jpg?w=300" alt="IMG_0480" width="227" height="170" /></a>A la <a title="Web de la Biblioteca de Farmàcia" href="http://www.bib.ub.edu/biblioteques/farmacia/" target="_blank"><strong>Biblioteca de Farmàcia</strong></a> oferim i programem durant tot el curs acadèmic diverses sessions de formació sobre la consulta de bases de dades i altres recursos de la Biblioteca. <a href="http://www.bib.ub.edu/serveis/formacio-usuaris/sessions/formacio-biblioteques/#c8386" target="_blank">Aquí</a> veureu l&#8217;oferta d&#8217;aquest trimestre. Animeu-vos a inscriure-us que us estalviareu molt de temps en les vostres cerques d&#8217;informació.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Trobareu informació de totes les sessions programades a les diferents biblioteques del CRAI a la pàgina de <a title="Formació d'usuaris" href="http://www.bib.ub.edu/serveis/formacio-usuaris/" target="_blank">formació d’usuaris</a>, que és on  també us podeu apuntar a una o més sessions omplint  el/els formulari/s que apareix/en al final de cadascuna de les fitxes de les sessions.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Recordeu que també podeu demanar cursos a mida per a un grup omplint el corresponent <a title="Formulari demanar sessió a mida" href="http://www.bib.ub.edu/gestions/sollicituds/sessio-a-mida/" target="_blank">formulari</a> via web o bé trucant-nos  o venint a la biblioteca.</p>
<p><!-- AddThis Button --><br />
<a class="addthis_button" href="http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?v=250&#38;pub=xa-4ab3604c42d673a6" target="_blank"><img style="border:0;" src="http://s7.addthis.com/static/btn/v2/lg-share-es.gif" alt="Preferits/Compartir" width="125" height="16" /></a></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[The New PubMed: Trick or Treat?]]></title>
<link>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/10/31/the-new-pubmed-trick-or-treat/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 31 Oct 2009 22:15:11 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>laikaspoetnik</dc:creator>
<guid>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/10/31/the-new-pubmed-trick-or-treat/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[The New PubMed: Trick or Treat? After a long days work, when looking at the screen, there it was: Pu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[The New PubMed: Trick or Treat? After a long days work, when looking at the screen, there it was: Pu]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[PubMed ต่างจาก MEDLINE อย่างไร]]></title>
<link>http://stanglibrary.wordpress.com/2009/10/27/pubmed-%e0%b8%95%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%81-medline-%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a2%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%a3/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 26 Oct 2009 17:25:30 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>ruchareka</dc:creator>
<guid>http://stanglibrary.wordpress.com/2009/10/27/pubmed-%e0%b8%95%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%81-medline-%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%a2%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%a3/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[MEDLINE คือฐานข้อมูลที่ครอบคลุมวารสารสาขา life sciences จำนวนกว่า 5,200 ชื่อ จากประเทศต่างๆ กว่า 80 ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><strong>MEDLINE</strong> คือฐานข้อมูลที่ครอบคลุมวารสารสาขา life sciences จำนวนกว่า 5,200 ชื่อ จากประเทศต่างๆ กว่า 80 ประเทศ จัดทำโดย U.S. National LIbrary of Medicine (NLM)<br />
<strong><br />
PubMed </strong>= Public MEDLINE<br />
MEDLINE เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของ PubMed </p>
<p>สมัยก่อนที่จะมี PubMed บนอินเทอร์เน็ต เราใช้ฐานข้อมูล MEDLINE ในรูปแบบตัวเล่มและ CD-ROM ซึ่ง MEDLINE มีลักษณะพิเศษคือ ข้อมูลทุกระเบียนจะผ่านการทำดรรชนี (Indexed) เพื่อการสืบค้น โดยมีการกำหนดคำศัพท์ที่ควบคุม ที่เรียกว่า Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) หรือหัวเรื่องทางการแพทย์ </p>
<p>ต่อมาเมื่อปี 1997 ทางรัฐบาลอเมริกัน (สมัยรองประธานาธิบดีอัลกอร์) ได้ประกาศให้ MEDLINE เป็นฐานข้อมูลฟรี บนอินเตอร์เน็ต ในกลุ่มของ NLM Databases ใช้ชื่อว่า PubMed และมีข้อมูลที่มากกว่า MEDLINE เดิม เนื่องจาก </p>
<ul>
<li>เพิ่มระเบียนบทความวารสาร ที่ยังไม่ผ่านกระบวนการให้หัวเรื่อง MeSH (pre-MEDLINE) </li>
<li>เพิ่มระเบียนบทความที่อยู่ในวารสาร life sciences แต่มีเนื้อหาเกี่ยวข้องกับสาขาอื่นเช่นฟิสิกส์ เคมี ดาราศาสตร์ ฯลฯ </li>
<li>เพิ่มระเบียนบทความวารสาร จากฐานข้อมูล OldMEDLINE หรือข้อมูลเก่าในช่วงปี 1948-1965 (MEDLINE เริ่มปี 1966-)</li>
<li>ครอบคลุมบทความจากวารสาร life sciences อื่นๆ ที่ให้ free full-text แก่ PubMed Central แต่ไม่ได้มีชื่ออยู่ในฐานข้อมูล MEDLINE มาก่อน </li>
</ul>
<p>การคัดเลือกวารสารเข้าฐานข้อมูล MEDLINE มีคณะกรรมการตรวจสอบคุณภาพคือ Literature Selection Technical Review Committee (LSTRC) ของ NLM ซึ่งมีกฎเกณฑ์คัดเลือกวารสาร peer-reviewed ที่ดีพอสมควร เพื่อให้ MEDLINE ครอบคลุมวารสารสาขา Life sciences และ Biomedicine ได้อย่างครบถ้วน </p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[OvidSP Tutorials from Yale]]></title>
<link>http://dlsduthie.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/ovidsp-tutorials-from-yale/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 19 Oct 2009 16:41:39 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>lucycollins</dc:creator>
<guid>http://dlsduthie.wordpress.com/2009/10/19/ovidsp-tutorials-from-yale/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Hi All Stumbled accross these OvidSP video tutorials from Cushing / Whitney Medical Library, Yale Un]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Hi All</p>
<p>Stumbled accross these <a href="http://tinyurl.com/yjjuugl" target="_blank">OvidSP video tutorials</a> from Cushing / Whitney Medical Library, Yale University Library. They&#8217;re short and sweet &#8211; give them a go if you need further help with using Ovid/Medline.</p>
<p>Happy searching!</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Medline - New Full Text Database]]></title>
<link>http://michenerlrc.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/medline/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2009 19:24:01 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>michenerlrc</dc:creator>
<guid>http://michenerlrc.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/medline/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Hello All, The Learning Resource Centre has arranged a one-month trial of a new full-text database: ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div>Hello All,</div>
<div>The Learning Resource Centre has arranged a one-month trial of a new  full-text database: Medline with full text.</div>
<div style="padding-left:30px;">
<p><img class="size-thumbnail wp-image-615 alignright" title="Medline with Full Text" src="http://michenerlrc.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/medline.jpg?w=150" alt="Medline with Full Text" width="150" height="121" /></p>
<p><em>&#8220;MEDLINE® with Full Text</em> provides authoritative  medical information  on medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the health care system,  pre-clinical sciences, and much more. <em>MEDLINE® with Full Text</em> uses MeSH  (Medical Subject Headings) indexing with tree, tree hierarchy, subheadings and  explosion capabilities to search citations from over 4,800 current biomedical  journals.</p>
</div>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em>MEDLINE® with Full Text</em> is also the world&#8217;s most comprehensive source  of full text for medical journals, providing full text for more than 1,470  journals indexed in <em>MEDLINE</em>. Of those, more than 1,450 have  cover-to-cover indexing in <em>MEDLINE. . . </em>&#8220;  (for more information, go <a href="http://www.ebscohost.com/thisTopic.php?marketID=2&#38;topicID=614" target="_blank">here</a>)</p>
<div>
<p><strong>To connect to the free trial site</strong>, go to <a href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=uid&#38;user=s8979499&#38;password=trial&#38;profile=ehost&#38;defaultdb=mnh"><span style="color:#800080;"><span style="font-family:Palatino Linotype;">http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=uid&#38;user=</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;font-size:xx-small;"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Tahoma;">s8979499</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">&#38;password=trial&#38;profile</span></span><span style="font-family:Palatino Linotype;">=ehost&#38;defaultdb=mnh</span></span></a>.  If you  want <strong>to limit your search to get only articles with full text, make sure to  select the Full Text box</strong> in the right hand column.  Use it for the next month to  augment your research.</p>
<p>We would love to get &#8211; actually need to get &#8211; your feedback on this  database.</p>
<p>Please let us know what you think by posting below.   No login required.</p>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Medical Literature, Data Architecture &amp; Organization: Idioms, Lexicons and Acronyms of Medicine? NIH, NCBI, MeSH, PubMed and Entrez]]></title>
<link>http://creakysites.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/medical-literature-data-architecture-organization-idioms-lexicons-and-acronyms-of-medicine-nih-ncbi-mesh-pubmed-and-entrez/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2009 18:37:30 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>creaky</dc:creator>
<guid>http://creakysites.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/medical-literature-data-architecture-organization-idioms-lexicons-and-acronyms-of-medicine-nih-ncbi-mesh-pubmed-and-entrez/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Image Credit/Source: http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pithy &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211;]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><blockquote>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12440" title="pithy" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/pithy4.jpg?w=300" alt="pithy" width="300" height="198" /></h6>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#888888;">Image Credit/Source: </span><a title="Definition of Pithy - Longman " href="http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pithy" target="_blank">http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pithy</a><span style="color:#888888;"> &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211; Copyright 2009<a title="Definition of &#34;pithy&#34; from Macmillandictionary.com" href="http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/pithy" target="_blank"><br />
</a></span></h6>
</blockquote>
<p style="text-align:left;">Try as I might, I couldn&#8217;t make this post <em><strong>pithy</strong></em>.  Sorry.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Based on some in-depth questions I&#8217;ve heard at the Reference Desk this month, this is a<span style="text-decoration:line-through;"> short</span> <em> long </em>post on the structure and  organization of medical information developed by U.S. agencies which collect, organize, share and otherwise distribute biological information for the purposes of basic science, clinical or translational research.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Graduate medical, dental or PhD students already search <a><strong> </strong></a><strong><a title="NLM Factsheets: MEDLINE" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/medline.html" target="_blank">MEDLINE</a></strong> and other literature sources from<strong> <a title="National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/" target="_blank">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a> (NCBI)</strong> but the purpose of this post is to illustrate ways to search these resources more  effectively, or at least more <em>time-efficiently</em>.  If the first part of the post  is too basic for you, please shoot down to the second section.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><strong><a title="FAQ on the National Library of Medicine" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/nlm.html" target="_blank">National Library of Medicine</a> (NLM) </strong>and <strong><a title="National Institues of Health (US Health &#38; Human Services)" href="http://www.nih.gov/index.html" target="_blank">National Institutes of Health</a> (NIH)</strong> are  the U.S. agencies  responsible for managing and administrating the <strong>NCBI</strong>, whose <a title="NCBI: Mission Overview" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/About/glance/ourmission.html" target="_blank"> stated mission</a> is to: <span style="color:#333333;"> </span></p>
<blockquote><p><span style="color:#333333;"> &#8220;</span><span style="color:#333399;"><em><span style="color:#333333;">&#8230; </span>develop new information technologies to aid in the                understanding of fundamental molecular and genetic processes that                control health and disease. More specifically, the<strong> NCBI</strong> has been                charged with creating automated systems for storing and analyzing                knowledge about molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics; facilitating                the use of such databases and software by the research and medical                community; coordinating efforts to gather biotechnology information                both nationally and internationally; and performing research into                advanced methods of computer-based information processing for analyzing                the structure and function of biologically important molecules </em><span style="color:#333333;">&#8220;. </span></span></p>
<h6><span style="color:#888888;">Text source: <a title="NCBI - Mission " href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/About/glance/ourmission.html" target="_blank">http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/About/glance/ourmission.html</a></span></h6>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>Click <a title="NCBI - List of Resources" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/all/howto/" target="_blank">here</a> and <a title="NCBI - Sitemap/Resources list" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Sitemap/ResourceGuide.html" target="_blank">here</a> to see the collections of information resources accessible via the<strong> NCBI </strong>website.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Please take<strong> </strong>a look at this   <a title="NCBI Sitemap " href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Sitemap/" target="_blank"><strong>nice visualization</strong></a> of digitally- interconnected resources available from <strong>NCBI</strong> servers.</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align:center;">_________________________________</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a title="NCBI's Entrez Cross Search Platform" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery" target="_blank"><strong>Entrez</strong></a> &#8211; also called the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration:underline;">life sciences search engine</span>&#8221; &#8211; was designed by<strong> NCBI </strong> staff as a means to enable  users to search across multiple<strong> </strong>databases or indexes to  retrieve integrated search results from sequence, mapping, taxonomy and structural                data for both human and non-human subjects.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Below is screenshot showing results from a  search done recently   on <strong>Entrez </strong>for data from  <strong>NCBI servers </strong>on  <strong><a title="Wikipedia: P53" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P53" target="_blank">Protein 53</a></strong>, a human transcription factor:</p>
<h6 style="text-align:left;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-12297" title="EntrezP53" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/entrezp533.jpg" alt="EntrezP53" width="498" height="468" /></a></h6>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#888888;">Image Source: <a title="NCBI - Entrez Search Engine" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery" target="_blank">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery</a> &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211; Copyright 2009<a title="NCBI - Entrez Search Engine" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery" target="_blank"><br />
</a></span></h6>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span style="color:#333333;"><em>Wow</em> &#8211; That search retrieved almost<em> too much</em> information!  What if your search requirements don&#8217;t include the need for data about genomics or DNA sequencing? </span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#333333;">________________________________________</span></p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span style="color:#888888;"><span style="color:#333333;">Then consider the list of</span></span> open-access <strong><a title="NCBI - Literature Database List" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/literature/" target="_blank">Literature Databases</a> </strong>available from<strong> NCBI</strong>.  A few of the best are highlighted here:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong><a title="NCBI: OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man)" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim" target="_blank"> OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man)</a></strong> is a searchable literature index that indexes data on  12,000 human  genes and genetic disorders. <strong> OMIM </strong>is updated daily.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a title="NCBI Bookshelf - List of All Books" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=Books" target="_blank"><strong>NCBI Bookshelf</strong></a> is a growing collection of more than 100 free, open-access digital biomedical books that can be searched directly on the site.  Here is one real-life example: I went to <a title="NCBI Bookshelf: Gene Tests" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/?db=GeneTests" target="_blank"><strong>Gene Tests</strong></a> to get to  <a title="NCBI Bookshelf: Gene Reviews " href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><strong>Gene Reviews</strong></span></a> to  look up  basic factual information about two genetic diseases, <a title="Gene Reviews - Glossary Entry for Friedreich Ataxia" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&#38;part=friedreich" target="_blank"><strong>Friedreich Ataxia</strong></a> and <a title="NCBI Bookshelf: Gene Reviews - Glossary - GSD" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&#38;part=gsd1" target="_blank"><strong>Glycogen Storage Disease Type I</strong></a>.  There is also an  <a title="Gene Reviews - Glossary" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&#38;part=glossary" target="_blank">online glossary</a>, great for looking up quick definitions in PBL&#8230; such as this entry for <a title="Gene Reviews - Glossary - Definition of Allele" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&#38;part=glossary&#38;rendertype=box&#38;id=further_illus-1" target="_blank"><strong> allele</strong></a>. <a title="Gene Reviews - Glossary" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&#38;part=glossary" target="_blank"><br />
</a></li>
<li><a title="Wikipedia: Open Access Journals" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access_journals" target="_blank">Open access journals</a> can be read or downloaded by anyone using <a title="NCBI: PubMed Central" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/" target="_blank"><strong>PubMedCentral</strong></a><strong> (PMC)</strong>, <strong>NIH</strong>&#8217;s free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature.  <strong>PMC </strong>is a  great site to get to know (and bookmark).  For a FAQ sheet on  <strong>PMC</strong>,  <a title="PubMedCentral- FAQ Sheet" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/about/faq.html" target="_blank">click here</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#333333;">________________________________________</span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#333399;"><span style="color:#333333;"><strong>Pithy Librarian </strong>says:  &#8220;</span>Try searching <a title="NLM: Definition of MEDLINE" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/services/usemedline.html" target="_blank"> <strong>MEDLINE</strong></a> first.&#8221;<strong> </strong></span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#333399;"><strong> <span style="color:#333333;">Library User</span></strong><span style="color:#333333;"> responds:</span> &#8220;Do you mean search <a title="NLM: FAQ on PubMed" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/services/pubmed.html" target="_blank"> <strong>PubMed</strong></a><strong>?</strong>&#8220;</span></p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span style="color:#0000ff;"><span style="color:#333333;"><span style="color:#ffffff;"> </span></span></span><strong><a title="NLM: FAQ on MEDLINE" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/services/faqmed.html" target="_blank">MEDLINE</a>, </strong> another <strong>NCBI</strong> database, is a major component of <a title="NCBI PubMed (new interface)" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed" target="_blank"><strong>PubMed</strong></a><span style="color:#ff0000;">*</span><span style="color:#808080;"><span style="color:#333333;"><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="color:#ff0000;"> </span><a title="NCBI PubMed (new interface)" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed" target="_blank"><span style="color:#808080;"> </span></a> but there is more there than just that database.  Happily, librarians from<strong> NLM</strong> have written a good <a title="NLM: MEDLINE versus PubMed - Differences" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/dif_med_pub.html" target="_blank"><strong>MEDLINE FAQ page</strong></a> that explains those details.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:left;"><strong>MEDLINE</strong> is a medical literature index containing 19,000,000 records indexing articles from 5,200 international biomedical journals (in 28 languages), and covering the time period of 1948 through 2009.  Each year, approximately 600,000 new records are added to the database.   In other words, it&#8217;s a <span style="text-decoration:underline;">big database to search</span>&#8211;but not as big as <a title="FAQ Sheet on SCOPUS (subscription required)" href="http://www.info.scopus.com/detail/facts/" target="_blank"><strong>Scopus</strong></a>, a real Godzilla of a database, weighing in at 38,000,000 records.  The printed precursor to <strong>MEDLINE</strong> was <strong><a title="Google Timeline: Index Medicus" href="http://www.google.com/#q=index+medicus&#38;hl=en&#38;sa=X&#38;tbo=p&#38;tbs=tl:1&#38;num=100&#38;ei=QB3OSr71G5DU8AbMgb3yAw&#38;oi=timeline_navigation_bar&#38;ct=timeline-navbar&#38;cd=3&#38;fp=36ba97aa8fce86a9" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:underline;">Index Medicus</span></a></strong>, which <a title="NLM Technical Bulletin - May 4 2004" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/mj04/mj04_im.html" target="_blank">is no longer being produced</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:left;">A key concept to remember when searching<strong> MEDLINE </strong>is that the database is indexed using what librarians call a &#8220;controlled vocabulary&#8221;  &#8211; officially called the <strong> <a title="NCBI - Medical Subject Headings List (MESH)" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/mesh.html" target="_blank">Medical Subject Headings List</a> </strong>(or <strong><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html">MeSH</a></strong>),  a standardized thesaurus of 300,000+ terms used to electronically index  each new article.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Think of <strong> MeSH</strong> terms as &#8220;<strong>tags</strong>&#8220;&#8230; similar to  <a title="Flickr.com: Tags" href="http://www.flickr.com/help/tags/" target="_blank">tagging your photos in Flickr</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">How does these tags get into <strong>MEDLINE</strong>?  Actual (i.e., human) medical librarians working at the National Library of Medicine read and digitally assign appropriate <strong>MeSH </strong>terms to describe the contents and scope of  individual journal articles. These <a title="Wikipedia: Definition of Information Science" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_science" target="_blank">information scientists</a> are trained indexers and generally have other advanced degrees in biology, molecular genetics and so on which enable them to &#8220;parse&#8221; the mechanics of what the published article is about.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">The majority of  <strong>MEDLINE</strong> citations are tagged with  8 to 12 <strong>MeSH</strong> terms<span style="color:#ff0000;">**</span><span style="color:#ff0000;"><span style="color:#333333;">.</span></span><span style="color:#333333;"> </span>Because of those hand-crafted<em> tags </em>attached electronically to each journal article, when we search for a specific <strong>MeSH</strong> term, those records are retrieved into our citation list.  It is a scientific way to search. It is definitely not Googling.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">A different way of constructing a precise search statement is to select <strong> MeSH</strong> terms in combination with the  list of <strong>clinical subheadings </strong>which combine with <strong> MeSH </strong>terms to  narrow a search in an elegant way.  <a title="NLM - MeSH - Clinical Qualifiers List (2006)" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/topsubscope2006.html" target="_blank"><strong>Clinical qualifiers</strong></a> are defined by <strong>NLM</strong> as:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8221; <span style="color:#333399;"><em>&#8230; <strong>83 topical qualifiers</strong> used for indexing and cataloging in conjunction with </em></span><span style="color:#333399;"><em>[MeSH] </em></span><span style="color:#333399;"><em>descriptors. Qualifiers afford a convenient means of grouping together those citations which are concerned with a particular aspect of a subject. Not every qualifier is suitable for use with every subject heading</em></span>&#8230;. <span style="color:#333399;"><em>Subheadings are linked to the full record in the <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html" target="newwin">MeSH Browser</a></em></span>.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p style="text-align:center;">______________________________________</p>
<p>Following is a screenshot of the<strong> MeSH</strong> page showing the list of qualifiers which can be combined with the <strong>MeSH </strong>term &#8220;<a title="PubMed: MeSH search for &#34;Pancreatic Neoplasms&#34;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Pancreatic+Neoplasms%22[Mesh]" target="_blank"><strong>Pancreatic Neoplasms</strong></a>&#8220;:</p>
<p><a href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=mesh"><img class="aligncenter size-large wp-image-12377" title="SubheadingsMeSH" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/subheadingsmesh.jpg?w=1024" alt="SubheadingsMeSH" width="500" height="372" /></a><span style="color:#333333;"> </span></p>
<blockquote>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#888888;">Image Source: <a title="NLM - MeSH Heading for Pancreatic Neoplasms" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=mesh" target="_blank">http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=mesh</a> &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211; Copyright 2009</span></h6>
</blockquote>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#333333;">________________________________________</span></p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span style="color:#888888;"> </span>Sailors in old Hollywood movies sometimes were heard to yell,<strong> </strong>&#8220;<strong><a title="Definition: Land Ho or Land Ahoy!" href="http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081228044154AAojT7p" target="_blank">Land Ho</a></strong>!&#8221;</p>
<p>That is what I thought after scanning the <a title="NLM 2010 MeSH Subject Heading List" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2010/mesh_browser/MBrowser.html" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;">201o New MeSH Headings List</span></strong></a> recently released, and seeing a few new terms that medical librarians <em>really</em> like &#8211; such as this one:</p>
<blockquote><p><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2010/MB_cgi?mode=&#38;term=Information+Seeking+Behavior&#38;field=entry"><img title="MeSHinformationseekingbehavior" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/meshinformationseekingbehavior1.jpg" alt="MeSHinformationseekingbehavior" width="420" height="245" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#888888;">Image Source: <a title="2010 MeSH Subject Heading List - Entry for &#34;Information Seeking Behaviors&#34;" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2010/MB_cgi?mode=&#38;index=25567&#38;field=all&#38;HM=&#38;II=&#38;PA=&#38;form=&#38;input=" target="_blank">http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2010/MB_cgi?mode=&#38;index=25567&#38;field=all&#38;HM=&#38;II=&#38;PA=&#38;form=&#38;input=</a> &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211; Copyright 2009</span></h6>
<p><span style="color:#888888;"><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span><br />
</span></p></blockquote>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;"> </span>The <a title="Link to 2010 MeSH Descriptors Added" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/newd.html" target="_blank">list of new MeSH Descriptors</a> is always interesting to browse.   <strong>National Library of Medicine</strong> states that currently there are  <strong>25,186 descriptors</strong> in the <span style="text-decoration:underline;">2009 MeSH List</span>.   Read the  <a title="2010 MeSH Descriptors - FAQ" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction to <span style="text-decoration:underline;">2010 </span><span style="text-decoration:underline;">MeSH List</span></a> here.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">______________________________________</p>
<p>Many excellent handouts and links to tutorials about using information resources from  <strong>NCBI</strong> can be <a title="NN/LM GMR Handouts" href="http://nnlm.gov/gmr/training/handouts.html#A2" target="_blank">viewed at <strong>this link</strong></a>, and thanks to the librarians at the <a title="National Networks of Libraries of Medicine - Greater Midwest Region" href="http://nnlm.gov/gmr/" target="_blank">National Networks of Libraries of Medicine-Greater Midwest Region</a> for creating this page.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">______________________________________</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Finally, please note that there are <a title="NCBI - Links to All How To Guides" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/all/howto/" target="_blank">many more resources on the<strong> NCBI</strong> server</a> than those explained above.  Gene libraries, DNA, RNA, proteins analysis or  sequencing are very much out of the scope of my expertise.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">One example is the <a title="NCBI " href="//preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/dna-rna/howto/" target="_blank">link shown below</a> &#8211; for <strong>DNA &#38; RNA Resources</strong> &#8211; as one place to start exploration of genes, protein and sequence analysis (screenshot below):</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a title="NCBI - DNA-RNA Page " href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/dna-rna/" target="_blank"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-12432" title="OtherNCBIresources" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/10/otherncbiresources2.jpg" alt="OtherNCBIresources" width="498" height="319" /></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#888888;">Image Source: </span><a title="NCBI - DNA-RNA Page" href="http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/dna-rna/" target="_blank">http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/dna-rna/</a><span style="color:#888888;"> &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211; Copyright 2009</span></h6>
<p style="text-align:center;">______________________________________</p>
<p><span style="color:#ff0000;">*</span><span style="color:#808080;"><span style="color:#333333;"><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="color:#808080;"><span style="color:#333333;"> </span></span><a title="NLM Technical Bulletin - Sept 30 2009" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/so09/so09_pm_redesign.html" target="_blank"><strong>PubMed</strong></a> has undergone recent design changes this month, although the &#8220;old&#8221; and the &#8220;new&#8221; <strong>PubMed </strong>versions<strong> </strong>will co-exist for the present.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ff0000;">*</span><span style="color:#ff0000;">*</span><span style="color:#808080;"> </span><span style="color:#808080;"><span style="color:#333333;"><strong> MEDLINE</strong> is a database comprised of  <strong>19,000,000</strong> individual records.  Indexing a new citation  requires careful attention to detail; tagging (indexing) for <strong>MEDLINE </strong>is never done by   <a title="Wikipedia: What is a bot?" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_bot" target="_blank"><strong>bots</strong></a> to create links based on the number of hits of a given term.  Each record is considered and evaluated by hand, which accounts for the indexing backlog (i.e., the difference between the moment when a new journal citation is delivered from the publisher to <strong>NLM</strong> and is put into the database, versus the period of time that it takes for that individual citation to show up in<strong> MEDLINE</strong> with a complete set of tags).  The whole indexing process generally is completed at <strong>NLM</strong> within 45-60 days.</span></span></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[XTractor Premium – Semantic Search over manually indexed data]]></title>
<link>http://mcjack.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/xtractor-premium-%e2%80%93-semantic-search-over-manually-indexed-data/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2009 06:19:44 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>mcjack</dc:creator>
<guid>http://mcjack.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/xtractor-premium-%e2%80%93-semantic-search-over-manually-indexed-data/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Searching through the vast repositories of biomedical literature, has been a long standing problem. ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div>
<p>Searching through the vast repositories of biomedical literature, has been a long standing problem.  <a href="http://www.xtractor.in/premium">XTractor Premium</a> comes with a highly advanced <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_search">semantic search</a> feature which enables you to mine the most relevant information in matter of seconds. In comparison to similar application which guarantee results – <a href="http://www.xtractor.in/premium">XTractor Premium</a> is far more effective in addressing scientific problems. We have multiple ontologies integrated into our semantic search panel, so that your search time is reduced.</p>
<p>EG: You could ask questions like:<br />
Which are the GPCR class I receptors that are involved in colon cancer<br />
OR which of the anti asthmatic drugs are also used for treatment diabetes type 2.</p>
<p>The search retrieves you the most significant results- due to the fact that XTractor relies on manual annotation of data. Manual annotation enables us to reduce the false positive mapping and also enables the correct alias/synonym mapping to a large extent. So inturn better results and faster discovery.</p>
<p>Many biomedical search engines talk about searching through the entire <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/">Medline</a> but results are highly erroneous as they do not handle cases such as isoform specificity of a proteins and also since they are limited to keyword based or single entity based searching it gives the end user a limited chance to view all the published findings. Many of these search engines just run their query on the top 100 or 200 abstracts for refining purposes- but XTractor Premium with its inbuilt semantic search indexes is able to quickly compute multiple relationships across entities and enables faster generation of scientific hypothesis from the evergrowing XTractor knowledgebase of more than 250000 facts.</p>
<p><strong>To use Semantic search feature-  get a free access at:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://www.xtractor.in/trial.do">http://www.xtractor.in/trial.do</a></p>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[la vida no sigue igual.. al menos en el campo de la información médica]]></title>
<link>http://rafabravo.wordpress.com/2009/10/02/la-vida-nos-sigue-igual-al-menos-en-el-campo-de-la-informacion-medica/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 02 Oct 2009 18:19:44 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>rafabravo</dc:creator>
<guid>http://rafabravo.wordpress.com/2009/10/02/la-vida-nos-sigue-igual-al-menos-en-el-campo-de-la-informacion-medica/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Será mejor que comiencen a nadar o se hundirán como piedras Porque los tiempos están cambiando En in]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Será mejor que comiencen a nadar o se hundirán como piedras Porque los tiempos están cambiando En in]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[PubMed® Redesign-check out changes!]]></title>
<link>http://ahslphoenix.wordpress.com/2009/10/01/pubmed%c2%ae-redesign-check-out-changes/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2009 19:53:20 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>jdondoyle</dc:creator>
<guid>http://ahslphoenix.wordpress.com/2009/10/01/pubmed%c2%ae-redesign-check-out-changes/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[[Editor's note: Preview information is available in the article, Preview of PubMed Redesign Coming. ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[[Editor's note: Preview information is available in the article, Preview of PubMed Redesign Coming. ]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[PubMed® Redesign is here... to try.]]></title>
<link>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/10/01/pubmed%c2%ae-redesign-is-here-to-try/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2009 01:50:50 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>laikaspoetnik</dc:creator>
<guid>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/10/01/pubmed%c2%ae-redesign-is-here-to-try/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[We have been waiting months for it, it has been announced several times, we have seen previews, webi]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[We have been waiting months for it, it has been announced several times, we have seen previews, webi]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Search Engines, Genomics, Medical Literature: Tag Clouds come to PubMed via LigerCat]]></title>
<link>http://creakysites.wordpress.com/2009/09/29/search-engines-genomics-medical-literature-tag-clouds-come-to-pubmed-via-ligercat/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2009 20:42:10 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>creaky</dc:creator>
<guid>http://creakysites.wordpress.com/2009/09/29/search-engines-genomics-medical-literature-tag-clouds-come-to-pubmed-via-ligercat/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[&#8220;&#8230; LigerCat is a search tool for NCBI&#8217;s PubMed that uses tag clouds to provide an ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><blockquote><p>&#8220;<span style="color:#333399;"><em>&#8230;<strong> LigerCat </strong> is a search tool for <strong><a title="PubMed Homepage" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/">NCBI&#8217;s PubMed</a></strong> that uses tag clouds to provide an overview of important concepts and trends. <strong>LigerCat</strong> aggregates multiple articles in <strong>PubMed</strong>, summing their <strong><abbr title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</abbr> </strong>descriptors and presenting them in a cloud, weighted by frequency</em></span> &#8220;.</p>
<p>Except from:  <a title="LigerCat: About " href="http://ligercat.ubio.org/about#contact_us" target="_blank">http://ligercat.ubio.org/about#contact_us</a></p></blockquote>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;"><strong>.</strong></span></p>
<p><a title="LigerCat: Literature and Geonomic Research Catalog" href="http://ligercat.ubio.org/journals" target="_blank"><strong>LigerCat</strong></a><strong> </strong>is an abbreviation for  <strong>Literature and Genomics Resource Catalog</strong>, which is a free<strong> <a title="NCBI's PubMed" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/" target="_blank">PubMed</a></strong> search tool developed in  2009 as part of the<strong> <a href="http://aging.ubio.org/blog/?page_id=36/">Biology of Aging</a></strong> project at the <strong><a href="http://www.mblwhoilibrary.org/">MBLWHOI Library</a></strong> at the <strong><a href="http://www.mbl.edu/">Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory</a></strong>.</p>
<p><strong>LigerCat</strong> is great  news for geneticists or anyone  involved in translational research,  a fairly effortless means of data mining for  dynamic links to a very complex literature.</p>
<p><strong>LigerCat</strong> can be used to search in several ways:  1) to locate and select a  list of individual journal titles indexed in <strong><a title="PubMed - Links to UCHC Library Holdings" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?holding=uchclib" target="_blank">PubMed</a></strong>, 2) search using terms from the National Library of Medicine&#8217;s <strong><a title="PubMed: Medical Subject Headings List Page" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?itool=sidebar" target="_blank">Medical Subject Heading</a></strong> (MeSH) list<strong>, </strong> 3) search using keywords, 4) search on <strong>Genes</strong> found in the NCBI databases.</p>
<p>Following is a screenshot of the<strong> LigerCat</strong> start page:</p>
<p><a href="http://ligercat.ubio.org/journals"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-11784" title="LigerCATfullscreen" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/ligercatfullscreen.jpg" alt="LigerCATfullscreen" width="498" height="355" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">__________________________________________</p>
<p>A screenshot of the &#8220;in process&#8221; retrieval process using <strong>LigerCat </strong>for the MeSH term &#8220;<span style="color:#ff0000;">pancreatic neoplasms</span>&#8221; and keyword term, &#8220;<span style="color:#ff0000;">pain</span>&#8220;,  is shown below.</p>
<p>Notice that <strong>LigerCat</strong> provides the searcher two choices for getting the results, which could take a few minutes: the option of simply waiting a few moments for the search to execute,  or save the shortened URL of the search-strategy to revisit the results at a later time.  That&#8217;s nice!</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-11817" title="ligerCatPancreaticNeoplasmsandPain" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/ligercatpancreaticneoplasmsandpain.jpg" alt="ligerCatPancreaticNeoplasmsandPain" width="497" height="236" /></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">__________________________________________</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span>Here is a screenshot of the retrieval from<strong> LigerCat </strong>- which took about 20 seconds to execute:</p>
<p><a href="http://ligercat.ubio.org/articles/pancreatic%20neoplasms%20AND%20pain"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-11822" title="ResultsLigerCat" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/resultsligercat.jpg" alt="ResultsLigerCat" width="498" height="385" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">__________________________________________</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span>Next:  I used  <strong>LigerCat</strong> do a  <strong>Gene Search</strong> for specific protein sequences.  This is how the site authors described the process of searching<em> genes</em>:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8221; <span style="color:#333399;"><em><strong>LigerCat</strong> is performing a live<strong> BLAST</strong> to find similar sequences to your query. Once the sequences are identified, <strong>LigerCat</strong> will use its indices to map the genes into a set of <strong>PubMed </strong>articles that reference those genes, and extract all the<strong> MeSH</strong> terms for those articles<span style="color:#000000;">. &#8220;</span><br />
</em></span></p></blockquote>
<div id="sidebar_panels">
<div id="help">
<blockquote><p><span style="color:#333399;"><em>&#8221; When all the<strong> MeSH </strong>descriptors are gathered,<strong> LigerCat </strong>uses a statistical model to identify relevant descriptors, then sums them by frequency to create the MeSH tag clouds<span style="color:#000000;">. </span></em></span><span style="color:#000000;">&#8220;</span></p></blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span>__________________________________________</p>
<p>I went to <a title="NCBI: Entrez" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery?itool=toolbar" target="_blank"><strong>NCBI</strong></a> to  find the <a title="Entrez Protein Home" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=protein&#38;cmd=search&#38;term=" target="_blank">Entrez Protein page</a> and then searched FASTA for  <a title="Entrez Protein-Fasta: P53 and Homo Sapiens search" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/14993572?report=fasta&#38;log$=seqview" target="_blank"><strong>P53 and  Homo Sapiens</strong></a>.  The search statement I found looked like this:</p>
<pre>&#62;gi&#124;14993572&#124;gb&#124;AAK76358.1&#124; P53 [Homo sapiens]
VGSDCTTIHYNYMCNSSCMGGMNRRPILTIITLEDS</pre>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span><br />
This string was copied-and-pasted into the<strong> LigerCat Gene</strong> search box for the following result:</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-11828" title="LigerCatBLASTP53HomoSapiensresult" src="http://creakysites.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/ligercatblastp53homosapiensresult.jpg" alt="LigerCatBLASTP53HomoSapiensresult" width="498" height="377" /></p>
<h6 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#808080;">All images above &#8211; Courtesy  of <a title="LigerCat Home Page" href="http://ligercat.ubio.org/" target="_blank">LigerCat</a> &#8211; All rights reserved &#8211; Copyright 2009</span></h6>
<p style="text-align:center;">__________________________________________</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;"> </span>As a medical librarian, I think <strong>LigerCat</strong> is a great step forward &#8212; but because <span style="text-decoration:underline;">the value of information lies in the eye of the beholder</span> &#8212; I&#8217;ll  wait to hear the opinions of geneticists and research scientists as they weigh in on this new search engine.</p>
<p>For a different  example of using this resource, see this link from the blog <a title="Biology of Aging - MeSH Species Clouds in EOL (Aug 21 2009)" href="http://biologyofaging.org/blog/?p=273" target="_blank"><strong>Biology of Aging</strong>, dated Aug 21 2009</a>.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Public Health Service of Italy accepts work of Ruggiero et al. ]]></title>
<link>http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/2009/09/28/public-health-service-of-italy-accepts-work-of-ruggiero-et-al/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2009 01:58:26 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Henry Bauer</dc:creator>
<guid>http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/2009/09/28/public-health-service-of-italy-accepts-work-of-ruggiero-et-al/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[On 12 July 2009, this blog published a press release reporting the acceptance (on 3 June) by the jou]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>On 12 July 2009, this blog published a press release reporting the acceptance (on 3 June) by the journal <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> of an article by Professor Ruggiero and co-workers at the University of Florence pointing out that official policies of the Italian Ministry of Health implied a lack of necessary connection between HIV and AIDS [<a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/2009/07/12/official-italian-data-no-causal-connection-between-hiv-and-aids/" target="_blank">“Official Italian data: no causal connection between HIV and AIDS”</a>, 12 July 2009].</p>
<p>Consternation ensued among HIV/AIDS vigilantes that so well established, indeed distinguished a research group had produced such a publication. AIDStruthers and other vigilantes organized a letter-writing campaign urging Elsevier &#8212; the current publisher of <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> &#8212; to withdraw <a href="http://hivskeptic.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/ruggieromedhyp091.pdf" target="_blank">this article</a> which had already been posted on the journal’s website as “in press”. At the same time the letter-writing HIV/AIDS campaigners urged the withdrawal of an article by <a href="http://hivskeptic.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/duesbergmedhypothesessa1.pdf" target="_blank">Duesberg et al.</a> that had been accepted by <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> on 11 June, which pointed out that official South African statistics recorded AIDS deaths at about 12,000 annually while an article in <em>JAIDS </em>had alleged 25 times that number; Duesberg et al. noted too that <em>JAIDS </em>had refused to publish their rebuttal of the flawed article.</p>
<p>The HIV/AIDS vigilantes also sent letters to the National Library of Medicine urging that MEDLINE no longer abstract <em>Medical Hypotheses</em>.</p>
<p>Elsevier’s stated reasons why articles in press might nevertheless be withdrawn include “potentially libelous” content and “potential threat to global public health”. I invite anyone and everyone to judge for themselves whether either of those potentialities exists in those articles, and moreover to ponder what is common to those articles other than questioning HIV/AIDS theory on the basis of substantive evidence; and what about the articles warrants withdrawal after acceptance, by comparison to the 200+ articles still posted at the <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> website as &#8220;in press&#8221;.</p>
<p>Professor Ruggiero has now been able to point out that the Italian Ministry of Health has actually found helpful the work that he and his students have published, since they have revised some of their policies accordingly. Moreover, the Italian Public Health Service has officially recognized the work by making dissertations available from its website.</p>
<p>**********************</p>
<p>From Professor Ruggiero:</p>
<p>“The theses of Drs. Simone Scarpelli, Matteo Prayer Galletti, and Elda Muca, previously discussed and approved by the University of Firenze, Italy, received official recognition by the Italian Public Health Service and they are now available at the <a href="http://www.cesda.net" target="_blank">Center for Study and Research on Drug Abuse and AIDS</a>, a Department of the Public Health Service.<br />
It is worth noting that the thesis of Dr. Matteo P. Galletti (now available at request at www.cesda.net, in Italian with an English abstract) was the starting point of the article in <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> (M. Ruggiero, M. P. Galletti, S. Pacini, T. Punzi, G. Morucci, M. Gulisano, &#8220;Aids denialism at the ministry of health&#8221; (doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.06.002), as stated in the article.<br />
We are grateful to the Region of Tuscany and the Department of drug abuse of the Public Health Service for providing official recognition to the results.”</p>
<p>Screen shots of the relevant Web pages are attached below: click them (or double-click, depends on browser) for a full-size image. There is at the end a downloadable pdf of this blog post.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs10sept1.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1075" title="PHS10Sept" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs10sept1.jpg" alt="PHS10Sept" width="430" height="63" /></a><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs14sept.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1076" title="PHS14Sept" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs14sept.jpg" alt="PHS14Sept" width="431" height="84" /></a><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/gallettiurl.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1077" title="GallettiURL" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/gallettiurl.jpg" alt="GallettiURL" width="450" height="30" /></a><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/gallettitext.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1078" title="GallettiText" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/gallettitext.jpg" alt="GallettiText" width="411" height="582" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs11.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1079" title="PHS1" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs11.jpg" alt="PHS1" width="405" height="323" /></a><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs2.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1080" title="PHS2" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs2.jpg" alt="PHS2" width="404" height="323" /></a><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs3.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1081" title="PHS3" src="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phs3.jpg" alt="PHS3" width="403" height="324" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://hivskeptic.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/phsrecognitionitalian.pdf" target="_blank">Here is a PDF</a> of this blog post.</p>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="overflow:hidden;position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;"><!--[if !mso]&#62; &#60;!  v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} --> <!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;  Normal 0   &#60;![endif]--><!--  /* Font Definitions */ @font-face 	{font-family:Times; 	panose-1:2 2 6 3 5 4 5 2 3 4; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:roman; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:536902279 -2147483648 8 0 511 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:"Tms Rmn"; 	panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:roman; 	mso-font-format:other; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:Wingdings; 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; 	mso-font-charset:2; 	mso-generic-font-family:auto; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:SimSun; 	panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; 	mso-font-alt:宋体; 	mso-font-charset:134; 	mso-generic-font-family:auto; 	mso-font-format:other; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:1 135135232 16 0 262144 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:"Century Schoolbook"; 	mso-font-alt:"Bookman Old Style"; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:roman; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:AdvGulliv-R; 	panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; 	mso-font-charset:0; 	mso-generic-font-family:auto; 	mso-font-format:other; 	mso-font-pitch:auto; 	mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;} @font-face 	{font-family:"\@SimSun"; 	panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; 	mso-font-charset:134; 	mso-generic-font-family:auto; 	mso-font-format:other; 	mso-font-pitch:variable; 	mso-font-signature:1 135135232 16 0 262144 0;}  /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal 	{mso-style-parent:""; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} h1 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:3.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:lines-together; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:1; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	text-transform:uppercase; 	mso-font-kerning:0pt; 	font-weight:normal;} h2 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:3.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:none; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:2; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	text-transform:uppercase; 	font-weight:normal; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} h3 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:3.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:3; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun; 	font-weight:normal; 	text-decoration:underline; 	text-underline:single;} h4 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:center; 	line-height:110%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:4; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal; 	text-decoration:underline; 	text-underline:single;} h5 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:5; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal; 	text-decoration:underline; 	text-underline:words;} h6 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:6; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-variant:small-caps; 	font-weight:normal;} p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:7; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-variant:small-caps; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal; 	text-decoration:underline; 	text-underline:words;} p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	page-break-after:avoid; 	mso-outline-level:8; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	font-style:italic;} p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:12.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:3.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-outline-level:9; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:Arial; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoIndex1, li.MsoIndex1, div.MsoIndex1 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.15in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.15in; 	line-height:200%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right dotted 3.0in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoIndex2, li.MsoIndex2, div.MsoIndex2 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"Index 1"; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.65in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.15in; 	line-height:200%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right dotted 3.0in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoIndex3, li.MsoIndex3, div.MsoIndex3 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"Index 1"; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.15in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.15in; 	line-height:200%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right dotted 3.0in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoIndex4, li.MsoIndex4, div.MsoIndex4 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"Index 1"; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:44.0pt; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-11.0pt; 	line-height:200%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right dotted 3.0in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoToc1, li.MsoToc1, div.MsoToc1 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right 6.5in; 	font-size:12.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	text-transform:uppercase; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;} p.MsoToc2, li.MsoToc2, div.MsoToc2 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.5in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right 6.5in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoToc3, li.MsoToc3, div.MsoToc3 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"TOC 1"; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.7in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right 6.5in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} p.MsoToc4, li.MsoToc4, div.MsoToc4 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"TOC 1"; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:33.1pt; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right 6.5in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} p.MsoToc5, li.MsoToc5, div.MsoToc5 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:44.0pt; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right dotted 6.5in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-variant:small-caps; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} p.MsoNormalIndent, li.MsoNormalIndent, div.MsoNormalIndent 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in center 3.0in right 6.0in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in center 3.0in right 6.0in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading 	{mso-style-next:"Index 1"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:13.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:15.5pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	font-weight:bold;} p.MsoCaption, li.MsoCaption, div.MsoCaption 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;} p.MsoTof, li.MsoTof, div.MsoTof 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:22.3pt; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-22.3pt; 	line-height:200%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in right dotted 6.5in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;} p.MsoEnvelopeAddress, li.MsoEnvelopeAddress, div.MsoEnvelopeAddress 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:2.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-element:frame; 	mso-element-frame-width:5.5in; 	mso-element-frame-height:99.0pt; 	mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt; 	mso-element-wrap:auto; 	mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page; 	mso-element-left:center; 	mso-element-top:bottom; 	mso-height-rule:exactly; 	font-size:12.0pt; 	font-family:Arial; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoEnvelopeReturn, li.MsoEnvelopeReturn, div.MsoEnvelopeReturn 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:Arial; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} span.MsoFootnoteReference 	{mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	font-weight:bold; 	font-style:italic; 	vertical-align:super;} span.MsoPageNumber 	{mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; 	mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} span.MsoEndnoteReference 	{mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	font-weight:bold; 	font-style:italic; 	text-decoration:none; 	text-underline:none; 	vertical-align:super;} p.MsoEndnoteText, li.MsoEndnoteText, div.MsoEndnoteText 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.3in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.3in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:5.75pt .15in .35in 1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoToaHeading, li.MsoToaHeading, div.MsoToaHeading 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:12.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-weight:bold; 	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;} p.MsoList, li.MsoList, div.MsoList 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:none; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListBullet, li.MsoListBullet, div.MsoListBullet 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l10 level1 lfo49; 	tab-stops:list 0in left .5in .75in 1.0in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	color:#FFFF99;} p.MsoListNumber, li.MsoListNumber, div.MsoListNumber 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:none; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoList2, li.MsoList2, div.MsoList2 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.5in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoList3, li.MsoList3, div.MsoList3 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.75in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoList5, li.MsoList5, div.MsoList5 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListBullet2, li.MsoListBullet2, div.MsoListBullet2 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.75in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l13 level1 lfo41; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in list .75in left 1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoListBullet3, li.MsoListBullet3, div.MsoListBullet3 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.75in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListBullet4, li.MsoListBullet4, div.MsoListBullet4 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListBullet5, li.MsoListBullet5, div.MsoListBullet5 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l4 level1 lfo17; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in list 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListNumber2, li.MsoListNumber2, div.MsoListNumber2 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.5in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:none; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListNumber3, li.MsoListNumber3, div.MsoListNumber3 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.75in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l2 level1 lfo19; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in list .75in left 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListNumber4, li.MsoListNumber4, div.MsoListNumber4 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l1 level1 lfo21; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListNumber5, li.MsoListNumber5, div.MsoListNumber5 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l0 level1 lfo23; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in list 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle 	{mso-style-next:Subtitle; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:9.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:14.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-variant:small-caps; 	letter-spacing:.5pt; 	mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;} p.MsoClosing, li.MsoClosing, div.MsoClosing 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:3.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoSignature, li.MsoSignature, div.MsoSignature 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:3.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyTextIndent, li.MsoBodyTextIndent, div.MsoBodyTextIndent 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoListContinue, li.MsoListContinue, div.MsoListContinue 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListContinue2, li.MsoListContinue2, div.MsoListContinue2 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListContinue3, li.MsoListContinue3, div.MsoListContinue3 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.75in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListContinue4, li.MsoListContinue4, div.MsoListContinue4 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoListContinue5, li.MsoListContinue5, div.MsoListContinue5 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:1.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoMessageHeader, li.MsoMessageHeader, div.MsoMessageHeader 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.75in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.75in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	background:#CCCCCC; 	mso-shading:windowtext; 	mso-pattern:gray-20 auto; 	border:none; 	mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .75pt; 	padding:0in; 	mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 1.0pt 1.0pt 1.0pt; 	font-size:12.0pt; 	font-family:Arial; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoSubtitle, li.MsoSubtitle, div.MsoSubtitle 	{mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	letter-spacing:.3pt;} p.MsoSalutation, li.MsoSalutation, div.MsoSalutation 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent 	{mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:.15in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent2, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent2, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent2 	{mso-style-parent:"Body Text Indent"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:10.5pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoNoteHeading, li.MsoNoteHeading, div.MsoNoteHeading 	{mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyText2, li.MsoBodyText2, div.MsoBodyText2 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:.15in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyText3, li.MsoBodyText3, div.MsoBodyText3 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:8.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyTextIndent2, li.MsoBodyTextIndent2, div.MsoBodyTextIndent2 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.25in; 	line-height:200%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBodyTextIndent3, li.MsoBodyTextIndent3, div.MsoBodyTextIndent3 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:8.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoBlockText, li.MsoBlockText, div.MsoBlockText 	{margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:1.0in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink 	{color:blue; 	text-decoration:underline; 	text-underline:single;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed 	{color:purple; 	text-decoration:underline; 	text-underline:single;} p.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.MsoAutoSig, li.MsoAutoSig, div.MsoAutoSig 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:12.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} address 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-style:italic;} code 	{mso-ascii-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New";} kbd 	{mso-ascii-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New";} pre 	{margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} samp 	{mso-ascii-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New";} tt 	{mso-ascii-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"; 	mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New";} p.Abstract, li.Abstract, div.Abstract 	{mso-style-name:Abstract; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:.5in; 	margin-bottom:12.0pt; 	margin-left:.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Bad-bullet, li.Bad-bullet, div.Bad-bullet 	{mso-style-name:Bad-bullet; 	mso-style-parent:"List Bullet"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.25in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	line-height:110%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	mso-list:l10 level1 lfo49; 	tab-stops:list 0in left .5in .75in 1.0in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Century Schoolbook"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	color:#FFFF99;} p.Centeredpara, li.Centeredpara, div.Centeredpara 	{mso-style-name:"Centered para"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:center; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Epigraph, li.Epigraph, div.Epigraph 	{mso-style-name:Epigraph; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:.5in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:1.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times; 	font-style:italic; 	mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} p.Hang025, li.Hang025, div.Hang025 	{mso-style-name:"Hang 0\.25"; 	mso-style-parent:"List Bullet"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	line-height:110%; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	color:#FFFF99;} p.Hanging05, li.Hanging05, div.Hanging05 	{mso-style-name:"Hanging 0\.5"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.5in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Hanging07, li.Hanging07, div.Hanging07 	{mso-style-name:"Hanging 0\.7"; 	mso-style-update:auto; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.7in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.7in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.7in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Hanging1, li.Hanging1, div.Hanging1 	{mso-style-name:"Hanging 1"; 	mso-style-parent:"Hanging 0\.7"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-1.0in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.7in 1.0in 1.2in 1.25in 1.3in 1.4in 1.6in 1.8in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Hanging15, li.Hanging15, div.Hanging15 	{mso-style-name:"Hanging 1\.5"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:1.5in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-1.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in 1.5in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Hanging2, li.Hanging2, div.Hanging2 	{mso-style-name:"Hanging 2"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:2.0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-2.0in; 	mso-pagination:none; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in .9in 1.0in 1.25in 2.1in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Hanging21, li.Hanging21, div.Hanging21 	{mso-style-name:"Hanging 2\.1"; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:2.1in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-2.1in; 	mso-pagination:none; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in .9in 1.0in 1.25in 1.4in 2.1in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Quote, li.Quote, div.Quote 	{mso-style-name:Quote; 	mso-style-next:"Body Text\,PI\,2-column"; 	margin-top:6.0pt; 	margin-right:.7in; 	margin-bottom:6.0pt; 	margin-left:.7in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.References, li.References, div.References 	{mso-style-name:References; 	margin-top:0in; 	margin-right:0in; 	margin-bottom:0in; 	margin-left:.5in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:-.5in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Rightaligned, li.Rightaligned, div.Rightaligned 	{mso-style-name:"Right aligned"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:right; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Signed, li.Signed, div.Signed 	{mso-style-name:Signed; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin-top:12.0pt; 	margin-right:1.5in; 	margin-bottom:48.0pt; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-align:right; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Spacer, li.Spacer, div.Spacer 	{mso-style-name:"Spacer\,6pt"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:center; 	line-height:6.0pt; 	mso-line-height-rule:exactly; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:5.5pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Spacer-half, li.Spacer-half, div.Spacer-half 	{mso-style-name:Spacer-half; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:center; 	line-height:5.5pt; 	mso-line-height-rule:exactly; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.Spacer-quarter, li.Spacer-quarter, div.Spacer-quarter 	{mso-style-name:Spacer-quarter; 	mso-style-next:Normal; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:center; 	line-height:2.75pt; 	mso-line-height-rule:exactly; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} p.StyleBodyTextIndent, li.StyleBodyTextIndent, div.StyleBodyTextIndent 	{mso-style-name:"Style Body Text Indent +"; 	mso-style-update:auto; 	mso-style-parent:"Body Text Indent"; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-indent:.25in; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:1.0in 1.25in; 	mso-layout-grid-align:none; 	punctuation-wrap:simple; 	text-autospace:none; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.Rightaligned0, li.Rightaligned0, div.Rightaligned0 	{mso-style-name:"Right aligned "; 	margin:0in; 	margin-bottom:.0001pt; 	text-align:right; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	tab-stops:.25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in; 	font-size:11.0pt; 	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; 	font-family:"Times New Roman"; 	mso-fareast-font-family:Times;} @page Section1 	{size:8.5in 11.0in; 	margin:.5in .5in .5in .5in; 	mso-header-margin:.5in; 	mso-footer-margin:.5in; 	mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 	{page:Section1;}  /* List Definitions */ @list l0 	{mso-list-id:-132; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:1485201014;} @list l0:level1 	{mso-level-style-link:"Message Header"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.25in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:1.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in;} @list l1 	{mso-list-id:-131; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:-30240722;} @list l1:level1 	{mso-level-style-link:"List Number 5"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	text-indent:-.25in;} @list l2 	{mso-list-id:-130; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:1646711234;} @list l2:level1 	{mso-level-style-link:"List Number 4"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.75in; 	text-indent:-.25in;} @list l3 	{mso-list-id:-129; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:-1445143170;} @list l3:level1 	{mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	text-indent:-.25in;} @list l4 	{mso-list-id:-128; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:-524002042;} @list l4:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-style-link:"List Continue"; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.25in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:1.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l5 	{mso-list-id:-127; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:-632001684;} @list l5:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l6 	{mso-list-id:-126; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:-1528382236;} @list l6:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.75in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l7 	{mso-list-id:-125; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:1588210720;} @list l7:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l8 	{mso-list-id:-120; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:1842903692;} @list l8:level1 	{mso-level-tab-stop:.25in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in;} @list l9 	{mso-list-id:-119; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:1654565876;} @list l9:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.25in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l10 	{mso-list-id:-2; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:-794650848;} @list l10:level1 	{mso-level-start-at:0; 	mso-level-style-link:"List Bullet"; 	mso-level-text:*; 	mso-level-tab-stop:none; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-indent:0in;} @list l11 	{mso-list-id:81416094; 	mso-list-type:hybrid; 	mso-list-template-ids:-707781200 -1506877500 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l11:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l12 	{mso-list-id:484905613; 	mso-list-template-ids:67698723;} @list l12:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-upper; 	mso-level-text:"Article %1\."; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-indent:0in;} @list l12:level2 	{mso-level-number-format:arabic-leading-zero; 	mso-level-legal-format:yes; 	mso-level-text:"Section %1\.%2"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-indent:0in;} @list l12:level3 	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower; 	mso-level-text:"\(%3\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.5in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l12:level4 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower; 	mso-level-text:"\(%4\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.6in; 	mso-level-number-position:right; 	margin-left:.6in; 	text-indent:-.1in;} @list l12:level5 	{mso-level-text:"%5\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.7in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.7in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l12:level6 	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower; 	mso-level-text:"%6\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.8in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.8in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l12:level7 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower; 	mso-level-text:"%7\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.9in; 	mso-level-number-position:right; 	margin-left:.9in; 	text-indent:-.2in;} @list l12:level8 	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l12:level9 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.1in; 	mso-level-number-position:right; 	margin-left:1.1in; 	text-indent:-.1in;} @list l13 	{mso-list-id:506218052; 	mso-list-type:hybrid; 	mso-list-template-ids:1941967414 1163973350 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l13:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-style-link:"List Bullet 2"; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.75in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Wingdings;} @list l14 	{mso-list-id:1121457219; 	mso-list-type:hybrid; 	mso-list-template-ids:606781230 2091051860 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l14:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-style-link:Abstract; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l15 	{mso-list-id:1146045695; 	mso-list-type:simple; 	mso-list-template-ids:382623604;} @list l15:level1 	{mso-level-start-at:0; 	mso-level-text:*; 	mso-level-tab-stop:none; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-indent:0in;} @list l16 	{mso-list-id:1250963178; 	mso-list-type:hybrid; 	mso-list-template-ids:668915300 -1266285924 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l16:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.75in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Wingdings;} @list l17 	{mso-list-id:1843742233; 	mso-list-template-ids:67698723;} @list l17:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-upper; 	mso-level-text:"Article %1\."; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-indent:0in;} @list l17:level2 	{mso-level-number-format:arabic-leading-zero; 	mso-level-legal-format:yes; 	mso-level-text:"Section %1\.%2"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:0in; 	text-indent:0in;} @list l17:level3 	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower; 	mso-level-text:"\(%3\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.5in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l17:level4 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower; 	mso-level-text:"\(%4\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.6in; 	mso-level-number-position:right; 	margin-left:.6in; 	text-indent:-.1in;} @list l17:level5 	{mso-level-text:"%5\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.7in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.7in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l17:level6 	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower; 	mso-level-text:"%6\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.8in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.8in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l17:level7 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower; 	mso-level-text:"%7\)"; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.9in; 	mso-level-number-position:right; 	margin-left:.9in; 	text-indent:-.2in;} @list l17:level8 	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:1.0in; 	text-indent:-.3in;} @list l17:level9 	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower; 	mso-level-tab-stop:1.1in; 	mso-level-number-position:right; 	margin-left:1.1in; 	text-indent:-.1in;} @list l18 	{mso-list-id:1968124378; 	mso-list-type:hybrid; 	mso-list-template-ids:1324936640 1686792696 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l18:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Symbol;} @list l19 	{mso-list-id:2100517765; 	mso-list-type:hybrid; 	mso-list-template-ids:-1935498478 -1188668956 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} @list l19:level1 	{mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.75in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.75in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Wingdings;} @list l10:level1 lfo24 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l15:level1 lfo25 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	font-family:Wingdings;} @list l10:level1 lfo40 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo42 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo43 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo44 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo45 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo46 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo47 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo48 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} @list l10:level1 lfo49 	{mso-level-start-at:1; 	mso-level-number-format:bullet; 	mso-level-numbering:continue; 	mso-level-text:; 	mso-level-tab-stop:0in; 	mso-level-number-position:left; 	margin-left:.25in; 	text-indent:-.25in; 	mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt; 	font-family:Symbol; 	color:windowtext;} ol 	{margin-bottom:0in;} ul 	{margin-bottom:0in;} --></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Public Health Service of Italy accepts work of Ruggiero et al.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">On 12 July 2009, this blog published a press release reporting the acceptance (on 3 June) by the journal <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> of an article by Professor Ruggiero and co-workers at the University of Florence pointing out that official policies of the Italian Ministry of Health implied a lack of necessary connection between HIV and AIDS [<a href="http://wp.me/p8Qhq-f5"><span style="color:windowtext;">“Official Italian data: no causal connection between HIV and AIDS”</span></a>, 12 July 2009].</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Consternation ensued among HIV/AIDS vigilantes that so well established, indeed distinguished a research group had produced such a publication. AIDStruthers and other vigilantes organized a letter-writing campaign urging Elsevier &#8212; the current publisher of <em>Medical Hypotheses</em> &#8212; to withdraw <a href="../files/2009/09/ruggieromedhyp091.pdf">this article</a> which had already been posted on the journal’s website as “in press”. At the same time the letter-writing HIV/AIDS campaigners urged the withdrawal of an article that had been accepted by<em> Medical Hypotheses</em> on 11 June, by <a href="../files/2009/09/duesbergmedhypothesessa1.pdf">Duesberg et al.</a><strong><em><span style="text-decoration:underline;">,</span></em></strong> which pointed out that official South African statistics recorded AIDS deaths at about 12,000 annually while an article in <strong><em><span style="text-decoration:underline;">JAIDS</span></em></strong> had alleged <strong><em><span style="text-decoration:underline;">25 times that number</span></em></strong>; Duesberg et al. noted too that <em>JAIDS</em> had refused to publish their rebuttal of the flawed article.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The HIV/AIDS vigilantes also sent letters to the National Library of Medicine urging that MEDLINE no longer abstract <em>Medical Hypotheses</em>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Elsevier’s stated reasons why articles in press might nevertheless be withdrawn include “potentially libelous” content and “potential threat to global public health”. Professor Ruggiero has now been able to point out that the Italian Ministry of Health has actually found helpful the work that he and his students have published, since they have revised some of their policies accordingly. Moreover, the Italian Public Health Service has officially recognized the work by making dissertations available from its website.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">From Professor Ruggiero:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“The theses of Drs. Simone Scarpelli, Matteo Prayer Galletti, and Elda Muca, previously discussed and approved by the University of Firenze, Italy, received official recognition by the Italian Public Health Service and they are now available at the Center for Study and Research on Drug Abuse and AIDS (www.cesda.net), a Department of the Public Health Service.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It is worth noting that the thesis of Dr. Matteo P. Galletti (now available at request at www.cesda.net, in Italian with an English abstract) was the starting point of the article in <strong><em><span style="text-decoration:underline;">Medical Hypotheses</span></em></strong> (M. Ruggiero, M. P. Galletti, S. Pacini, T. Punzi, G. Morucci, M. Gulisano, &#8220;Aids denialism at the ministry of health&#8221; (doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.06.002), as stated in the article.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We are grateful to the Region of Tuscany and the Department of drug abuse of the Public Health Service for providing official recognition to the results.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Screen shots of the relevant Web pages are attached below. The difficulty of sizing these for the blog while retaining clarity made it desirable to extract screen shots of the relevant items. Reproductions of the full web pages follow, and finally there is a downloadable pdf of this blog post in which the full web pages are in legible form.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;                    &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="688" height="100" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="688" height="134" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:&#34;"><br style="page-break-before:always;" /> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;" align="center"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image006.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="480" height="32" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;" align="center"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image008.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="502" height="711" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image010.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="684" height="546" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image012.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="684" height="549" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/Bauer/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image014.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="684" height="549" /><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Here is a PDF of this blog post.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">***************************************************************************</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Categories:  HIV does not cause AIDS,  HIV skepticism,  Legal aspects</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Tags Italian Public Health Service, Marco Ruggiero, University of Florence, Italian Ministry of Health,<em> Medical Hypotheses,</em> Elsevier, Elsevier withdraws already accepted articles, HIV/AIDS vigilantes pressure Elsevier, HIV/AIDS vigilantes pressure National Library of Medicine, AID deaths in South Africa, Simone Scarpelli, Matteo Prayer Galletti, Elda Muca, S. Pacini, T. Punzi, G. Morucci, M. Gulisano, <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:AdvGulliv-R;">Joshua M. Nicholson, David Rasnick, Christian Fiala</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]--> <!--[endif]--></p>
</div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Tate Kids, Sports injuries]]></title>
<link>http://librarykvpattom.wordpress.com/2009/09/29/tate-kids-sports-injuries/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 28 Sep 2009 19:35:00 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Librarian</dc:creator>
<guid>http://librarykvpattom.wordpress.com/2009/09/29/tate-kids-sports-injuries/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Tate Tales is a website where you will find a selection of artworks to write stories about, and find]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Tate Tales is a website where you will find a selection of artworks to write stories about, and find]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[MEDLIB's ROUND 1.6]]></title>
<link>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/09/27/medlibs-round-1-6/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2009 22:39:38 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>laikaspoetnik</dc:creator>
<guid>http://laikaspoetnik.wordpress.com/2009/09/27/medlibs-round-1-6/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Welcome to the sixth edition of MedLib’s Round, a blog carnival of “excellent blog posts in the fiel]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Welcome to the sixth edition of MedLib’s Round, a blog carnival of “excellent blog posts in the fiel]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Single Patient Use Cuffs - Thigh - Thigh (42-50 cm), 5/bx, Single Tube - No Connector, 5 Unit / box]]></title>
<link>http://cheapbloodpressure.wordpress.com/2009/09/17/single-patient-use-cuffs-thigh-thigh-42-50-cm-5bx-single-tube-no-connector-5-unit-box/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 17 Sep 2009 00:59:59 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>blood1</dc:creator>
<guid>http://cheapbloodpressure.wordpress.com/2009/09/17/single-patient-use-cuffs-thigh-thigh-42-50-cm-5bx-single-tube-no-connector-5-unit-box/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Single Patient Use Cuffs &#8211; Thigh &#8211; Thigh (42-50 cm), 5/bx, Single Tube &#8211; No Connec]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Single Patient Use Cuffs &#8211; Thigh &#8211; Thigh (42-50 cm), 5/bx, Single Tube &#8211; No Connector, 5 Unit / box Review</p>
<p align='center'><img src="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31hHBemP3XL._SL160_.jpg" border='0'></a></p>
<p>Feature</p>
<ul>
<li>The Seller usually ships this product within 1-2 business days. In accordance with their customer-centric policy, this Seller does not charge your credit card until the product has been shipped. If unexpectedly, a product is on back order, the Seller may take longer to ship the product however the Seller in all cases, will inform its customers immediately with a choice to cancel or hold the order until shipped.</li>
<li>Before you use any product for health care, we advise that you consult your physician or primary healthcare provider and seek the appropriate advice and supervision prior to use.</li>
<li>Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.</li>
</ul>
<p>Overview<br />
Single Patient Use Cuffs &#8211; Thigh &#8211; Thigh (42-50 cm), 5/bx, Single Tube &#8211; No Connector, 5 Unit / box Medline&#8217;s Single Patient Use Cuffs are made from a soft, comfortable woven polyester fabric in clean hospital white. Each cuff has rounded corners and finished edges for optimal comfort. Genuine Velcro closures ensure a lasting and snug fit for every patient. Cuffs come in a wide range of infant to adult sizes, each color-coded for convenience. A complete line of connectors and adapters connect cuffs to virtually every non-invasive blood pressure monitor. All sizes meet the American Heart Association recommendations for accuracy. *Insert appropriate letter code to specify the type of unit you need the connector for. **Longs available. Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.<br />
<br />
Sep 16, 2009  20:00:04</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Upgrades and New Databases from Ebsco!]]></title>
<link>http://nycctlibrary.wordpress.com/?p=655</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2009 22:11:28 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Monica</dc:creator>
<guid>http://nycctlibrary.wordpress.com/?p=655</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Beginning with September of 2009, some of our EBSCO databases have been upgraded and we have some ne]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Beginning with September of 2009, some of our EBSCO databases have been upgraded and we have some ne]]></content:encoded>
</item>

</channel>
</rss>
