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<channel>
	<title>modprobe &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/modprobe/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "modprobe"</description>
	<pubDate>Fri, 25 Dec 2009 00:16:39 +0000</pubDate>

	<generator>http://en.wordpress.com/tags/</generator>
	<language>en</language>

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<title><![CDATA[VirtualBox and DKMS]]></title>
<link>http://linuxindetails.wordpress.com/2009/12/08/virtualbox-and-dkms/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 08 Dec 2009 18:25:33 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>linuxindetails</dc:creator>
<guid>http://linuxindetails.wordpress.com/2009/12/08/virtualbox-and-dkms/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[While upgrading VirtualBox to the lastest version (3.0.12) available in Debian repositories (for squ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>While upgrading <strong>VirtualBox</strong> to the lastest version (3.0.12) available in Debian repositories (for squeeze), I discovered that the modules needed for <strong>VirtualBox</strong> to work were compiled on the fly. An unknown process did the job for me : <strong>DKMS</strong>.</p>
<p>Until very recently, I had to compile myself the source of the following modules :<strong> vboxdrv</strong> and <strong>vboxnetflt</strong></p>
<p>The compilation process was made with <strong>module-assistant</strong>.</p>
<p>Then, I had to load myself the new modules :</p>
<p><strong>root@localhost:~# modprobe vboxdrv</strong></p>
<p><strong>root@localhost:~# modprobe vboxnetflt<br />
</strong></p>
<p>Since the version 3.0 of <strong>VirtualBox</strong>, its installation has changed a bit.</p>
<p>Manual compilation is no more needed. This job is henceforth done by <strong>DKMS</strong>.<strong><br />
</strong></p>
<p><strong>DKMS</strong> stands for <strong>Dynamic Kernel Module Support Framework.</strong></p>
<p>Some programs need extra modules to work. These can be already compiled and included in a dedicated Debian package and possibly be loaded at boot time or manually loaded during an user session.</p>
<p>If you want <strong>VirtualBox</strong> to run properly, the following modules must exist and be loaded :</p>
<p><strong>vboxnetflt</strong>, <strong>vboxnetadp</strong> and <strong>vboxdrv</strong></p>
<p>These modules are compiled at boot time by a<strong> DKMS</strong> process if there are not already present. Then they are automatically loaded.</p>
<p>Before launching <strong>VirtualBox</strong>, check whether they are here or not :</p>
<p>root@localhost:~#<strong> lsmod &#124;grep vbox</strong><br />
vboxnetflt             72328  0<br />
vboxnetadp             66864  0<br />
vboxdrv               102576  1 vboxnetflt</p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<p><strong>For further technical information about DKMS, please visit the following websites : </strong></p>
<p><strong><br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Kernel_Module_Support">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Kernel_Module_Support</a></strong></p>
<p><strong><a href="http://linux.dell.com/dkms/"> Dell and DKMS </a></strong></p>
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<title><![CDATA[How to disable the pc speaker + ubuntu]]></title>
<link>http://sreenivasprabhu.wordpress.com/2009/11/28/how-to-disable-the-pc-speaker-ubuntu/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 28 Nov 2009 12:00:47 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>sreenivasprabhu</dc:creator>
<guid>http://sreenivasprabhu.wordpress.com/2009/11/28/how-to-disable-the-pc-speaker-ubuntu/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Sometimes.. No often (I must admit that ) it is irritating to listen to the Beep when people using L]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Sometimes.. No often (I must admit that ) it is irritating to listen to the Beep when people using Linux system and press tab key to auto complete the commands.</p>
<p>A quick way to disable this is to exec command</p>
<p><strong>cmd: </strong>sudo modprobe -r pcspkr</p>
<p>This will temporary solve your problem. And in next restart this it will be restored.</p>
<p>Your could also add a line  towards the end in file <em><strong>&#8220;/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf&#8221;</strong></em> which will ensure that system doesn&#8217;t beep any more</p>
<p>cmd: sudo echo &#8220;blacklist pcspkr&#8221; &#62;&#62; /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf</p>
<p><strong>To restore</strong></p>
<p>issue cmd: sudo modprobe pcspkr OR remove the line from /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf blacklist pcspkr</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<item>
<title><![CDATA[Saiba o que são e como instalar drivers em um sistema com Linux]]></title>
<link>http://almalivre.wordpress.com/2009/11/05/saiba-o-que-sao-e-como-instalar-drivers-em-um-sistema-com-linux/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2009 21:04:20 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>stellarium</dc:creator>
<guid>http://almalivre.wordpress.com/2009/11/05/saiba-o-que-sao-e-como-instalar-drivers-em-um-sistema-com-linux/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Saiba o que são e como instalar drivers em um sistema com Linux Drivers compilados no Windows podem ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><strong><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-845" title="tux" src="http://almalivre.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/tux.jpeg" alt="tux" width="127" height="150" />Saiba o que são e como instalar drivers em um sistema com Linux</strong><br />
Drivers compilados no Windows podem não funcionar adequadamente se portados para um PC rodando o sistema de código aberto.<br />
Por Cristiano Meira Magalhães, especial para a PC World</p>
<p><strong>Leia a matéria completa em:</strong> <a title="Como instalar drivers no Linux" href="http://pcworld.uol.com.br/dicas/2008/12/05/saiba-o-que-sao-e-como-instalar-drivers-em-um-sistema-com-linux" target="_blank">http://pcworld.uol.com.br/dicas/2008/12/05/saiba-o-que-sao-e-como-instalar-drivers-em-um-sistema-com-linux</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Analog Devices AD1984A (snd-hda-intel) on HP 6730s, Arch Linux]]></title>
<link>http://geektivities.wordpress.com/2009/10/04/analog-devices-ad1984a-snd-hda-intel-on-hp-6730s-arch-linux/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 04 Oct 2009 10:57:56 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>thandle</dc:creator>
<guid>http://geektivities.wordpress.com/2009/10/04/analog-devices-ad1984a-snd-hda-intel-on-hp-6730s-arch-linux/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Here&#8217;s a great table for all your snd-hda-intel needs: Ubuntu Wiki audio_intel_da.]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Here&#8217;s a great table for all your snd-hda-intel needs: <A href="http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/audio_intel_hda">Ubuntu Wiki audio_intel_da</A>.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Linux: gestire i moduli]]></title>
<link>http://fidech.wordpress.com/2009/09/10/linux-moduli/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2009 12:20:02 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Roberto Mazzoleni</dc:creator>
<guid>http://fidech.wordpress.com/2009/09/10/linux-moduli/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Visto che sto scrivendo un po&#8217; di guide, e non ho voglia tutte le volte di spiegare come caric]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Visto che sto scrivendo un po&#8217; di guide, e non ho voglia tutte le volte di spiegare come caricare un modulo, caricarlo all&#8217;avvio o disabilitarlo&#8230; Lo scrivo qui che faccio prima.<br />
<b>Nota</b>: questa guida vale con tutte le versioni di linux che usano i module-init-tools (dalla versione 2.5.48 in poi, insomma).</p>
<div id="attachment_174" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://fidech.wordpress.com/2009/09/10/linux-moduli/batux-tux-g2-hd-pz/" rel="attachment wp-att-174"><img src="http://fidech.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/batux-tux-g2-hd-pz.png" alt="Un esempio della modularità di Linux :-P" title="batux-tux-g2-hd-pz" width="450" height="450" class="size-full wp-image-174" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Un esempio della modularità di Linux <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_razz.gif' alt=':-P' class='wp-smiley' /> </p></div>
<p>I moduli sono parti di codice del kernel esterne dalla parte principale del codice (la parte monolitica). Rispetto al codice incluso nel kernel hanno il vantaggio di poter essere caricati<a id="modulin1" href="#modulif1">¹</a> dinamicamente, anche più volte per modulo.</p>
<p>Un kernel prevalentemente modulare permette il caricamento delle sole parti di codice necessarie al nostro sistema, evitando sprechi di memoria e velocizzando l&#8217;accensione della macchina.</p>
<p>Al contrario un kernel più monolitico risulta più &#8220;grosso&#8221; e lento da avviare.</p>
<p>Tutto questo a parità di quantità di codice. Se si includono solo le parti che servono per la singola macchina nella compilazione di un kernel monolitico il consumo di memoria e la velocità di avvio vengono ottimizzati, soprattutto se si elimina l&#8217;esigenza del <i>initrd</i><a id="modulin2" href="#modulif2">²</a>. Perdendo ovviamente la flessibilità di un kernel modulare. Peccato che l&#8217;unico metodo per avere un kernel (più) monolitico sia ricompilarlo. Per ovvi motivi di compatibilità i kernel rilasciati dalle distribuzioni contengono la maggior parte dei driver sotto forma di modulo, per avere la compatibilità con un parco macchine maggiore.</p>
<h3 id="moduliCaricare_e_rimuovere_un_modulo">Caricare e rimuovere un modulo</h3>
<p>Per caricare un modulo asta fare il comando</p>
<p><code>sudo modprobe nomemodulo</code></p>
<p>Per rimuovere un modulo basta fare</p>
<p><code>sudo modprobe -r nomemodulo</code></p>
<p>Ovviamente <code>sudo</code> serve per diventare superutente, se si è già superutente basta non metterlo all&#8217;inizio del comando.</p>
<h3 id="moduliLa_lista_dei_moduli_caricati">La lista dei moduli caricati</h3>
<p>Per vedere i moduli caricati al momento basta fare il comando <code>lsmod</code>, magari in pipe (&#124;) con <code>less</code> (per scorrere meglio la lista) o <code>grep filtro</code> (per vedere solo parte dell&#8217;output tramite un filtro).</p>
<h3 id="moduliCaricarli_all'avvio">Caricarli all&#8217;avvio</h3>
<p>Bisogna aggiungere il nome del modulo al file <code>/etc/modules</code>.</p>
<p>La sintassi del file è:</p>
<pre class="brush: bash;">
#eventuali commenti

nomemodulo1
nomemodulo2
</pre>
<p>Basta accodare il nome del modulo nel file e al prossimo avvio verrà caricato in automatico.</p>
<h3 id="moduliLa_lista_nera">La lista nera</h3>
<p>Per evitare che un modulo si carichi automaticamente all&#8217;avvio basta accodarlo al file <code>/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf</code>.</p>
<p>La sintassi del file è:</p>
<pre class="brush: bash;">
#eventuali commenti

blacklist modulochenonvuoi
blacklist altromodulononvoluto
</pre>
<p>Al prossimo avvio i moduli selezionati non dovrebbero caricarsi<a id="modulin3" href="#modulif3">³</a>.</p>
<h3 id="moduliNote">Note</h3>
<p><a id="modulif1" href="#modulin1">1.</a> O rimossi.<br />
<a id="modulif2" href="#modulin2">2.</a> <i><b>Init R</b>am <b>D</b>isk</i>, una piccola immagine che viene caricata nella ram all&#8217;avvio, contenente i moduli principali che servono per l&#8217;avvio del sistema.<br />
<a id="modulif3" href="#modulin3">3.</a> Non sempre mi è funzionato, probabilmente se il modulo è caricato da altri programmi o script tramite modprobe (per ovvi motivi) non funziona&#8230; Soprattutto a me non va quando provo ad eliminare il modulo <code>lp</code>, quello della &#8220;porta stampante&#8221;&#8230; <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_sad.gif' alt=':-(' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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<title><![CDATA[How does mount load the right kernel module?]]></title>
<link>http://rwmj.wordpress.com/2009/08/18/how-does-mount-load-the-right-kernel-module/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2009 13:48:58 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>rich</dc:creator>
<guid>http://rwmj.wordpress.com/2009/08/18/how-does-mount-load-the-right-kernel-module/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[On any recent Linux distro, you can mount any filesystem type directly. For example: # dd if=/dev/ze]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>On any recent Linux distro, you can mount any filesystem type directly.  For example:</p>
<pre>
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test.img bs=4k count=4096
# mkfs.xfs /tmp/test.img
# mount -v -o loop /tmp/test.img /mnt/tmp
</pre>
<p>The mount command works even though I didn&#8217;t have the xfs.ko kernel module loaded, and I didn&#8217;t tell mount that it&#8217;s xfs.</p>
<p>How does it do that?  I asked around several people at work and no one could give me the correct answer.  So in this article I&#8217;ll describe exactly how it works.</p>
<p>First of all, I&#8217;ll mention two wrong answers to this: (a) the kernel doesn&#8217;t have a magic &#8220;mount any filesystem&#8221; syscall, and (b) it&#8217;s nothing to do with either <code>/proc/filesystems</code> or <code>/etc/filesystems</code>.</p>
<p>For (a), the <a href="http://linux.die.net/man/2/mount">mount(2) syscall</a> clearly takes a filesystem type (string).  As for (b), /proc/filesystems only lists filesystems which are known to the kernel already, ie. ones for which we&#8217;ve already loaded the right module.  Since I didn&#8217;t have the xfs module loaded, xfs wasn&#8217;t listed in /proc/filesystems before I ran the mount command.</p>
<p>This should be enough of a clue that there must be some utility in userspace which knows how to probe the type by just looking at the header of any arbitrary filesystem.  This utility is <a href="http://linux.die.net/man/8/blkid">blkid</a>, which used to be part of e2fsprogs but has now been combined with <a href="http://userweb.kernel.org/~kzak/util-linux-ng/">util-linux-ng</a>.</p>
<p>blkid can probe a filesystem that it has not seen before and tell what type it is:</p>
<pre>
# blkid /tmp/test.img
/tmp/test.img: UUID="c80ebc11-3b26-4b93-acbb-f52bdfaa9ac5" TYPE="xfs"
</pre>
<p>Looking at the <a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=utils/util-linux-ng/util-linux-ng.git;a=tree;f=shlibs/blkid/src;hb=HEAD">source for blkid</a> confirms there is a <a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=utils/util-linux-ng/util-linux-ng.git;a=tree;f=shlibs/blkid/src/probers;hb=HEAD">directory full of probe tools for every conceivable filesystem</a>.</p>
<p>The mount utility calls out to blkid &#8212; actually to the libblkid library, not to the command line tool, but it comes to the same thing.</p>
<p>So /bin/mount knows what it&#8217;s mounting, and requests the &#8220;xfs&#8221; filesystem type when it issues the system call into the kernel.</p>
<p>That still leaves the question of how the xfs module gets loaded.  The answer is that the mount syscall eventually calls the kernel function <code>__request_module</code>.  This strange function actually calls out to the userspace <code>/sbin/modprobe</code> binary, causing the module to get loaded.  Meanwhile the mount syscall itself is paused.  And yes, it even deals with the recursive situation where modprobe might need to mount filesystems or load other modules in order to succeed.</p>
<p>So there you have it, mounting a filesystem can magically load the right kernel module for that filesystem.  All done using some userspace probing and some kernel trickery.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Arch Linux: no sound from speakers, headphones OK]]></title>
<link>http://geektivities.wordpress.com/2009/08/10/arch-linux-no-sound-from-speakers-headphones-ok/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2009 14:20:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>thandle</dc:creator>
<guid>http://geektivities.wordpress.com/2009/08/10/arch-linux-no-sound-from-speakers-headphones-ok/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[As noted here, you must tell the system that you&#8217;re using a laptop, so there are several outpu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>As noted <A href="http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=40555">here</A>, you must tell the system that you&#8217;re using a laptop, so there are several outputs. Edit /etc/modprobe.d/50-sound.conf (or similar) like this:</p>
<pre><code>alias snd-card-0 snd-hda-intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd-hda-intel

options snd-hda-intel model=hp</code></pre>
<p>EDIT: for more models and options, see <A href="http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/audio_intel_hda">this Ubuntu Wiki page</A>.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Configurando áudio e rede]]></title>
<link>http://ivanix.wordpress.com/2009/07/26/configurando-audio-e-rede/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2009 21:17:46 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Nix</dc:creator>
<guid>http://ivanix.wordpress.com/2009/07/26/configurando-audio-e-rede/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Nesse post, vou falar sobre configuração de dispostivos, usando os comandos de gerenciamento de módu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Nesse post, vou falar sobre configuração de dispostivos, usando os comandos de gerenciamento de módu]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Comandos para gerenciar módulos no Linux]]></title>
<link>http://ivanix.wordpress.com/2009/07/12/comandos-para-gerenciar-modulos-no-linux/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 12 Jul 2009 05:59:39 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Nix</dc:creator>
<guid>http://ivanix.wordpress.com/2009/07/12/comandos-para-gerenciar-modulos-no-linux/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Nesse post, vou falar sobre os comandos que utilizamos para gerenciar módulos no Linux. Mas antes de]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Nesse post, vou falar sobre os comandos que utilizamos para gerenciar módulos no Linux. Mas antes de]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[LBRC installation]]></title>
<link>http://kasolutions.wordpress.com/2009/07/11/lbrc-installation/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 11 Jul 2009 17:30:45 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>aneeska</dc:creator>
<guid>http://kasolutions.wordpress.com/2009/07/11/lbrc-installation/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[LBRC (Linux Bluettoth Remote Control) is a great tool which lets you control your desktop through yo]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;"><strong>LBRC</strong> (Linux Bluettoth Remote Control) is a great tool which lets you control your desktop through your cell phone. The following are the steps that are to be taken to get it installed. (I struggled a lot thats why i&#8217;m sharing it out here)</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /></p>
<h3><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">steps</span></h3>
<p><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">1. download LBRC from http://developer.berlios.de/projects/lbrc/</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">2. extract it in to a folder (ex. LBRC-0.4)</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">3. read the README file that comes with the package</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">4. make sure &#8216;uinput&#8217; module is up and running. If not do</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;"><em></em></span></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;"><em>modprobe uinput</em></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">5. install dbus</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;"><em>yum -y install dbus</em></span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">6. install pybluez</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;"><em>yum -y install pybluez</em></span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">7. install python-json</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;"><em>yum -y install python-json</em></span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">Now you have installed all that is required fir the LBRC server.</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">LBRC comes with a client part also. Install that in your cell phone.</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">8. get inside LBRC-0.4 and</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">setup.py build</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">setup.py install</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">9. running the server part (as super user)</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">./LBRCdbus.py</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">10. SWITCH ON BLUETOOTH CONNECTIVITY and search for devices available. accept the connection and you are done !!</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">Please note: -</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">a. You have the latest kernel</span><br style="margin:0;padding:0;" /><span style="font-family:arial;margin:0;padding:0;">b. Bluetooth is turned on on the mobile which you are using</span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Bug Realtek RTL8111/8168B no Linux]]></title>
<link>http://mypenguim.wordpress.com/2009/06/14/bug-realtek-rtl81118168b-no-linux/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2009 00:18:58 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>danlsgiga</dc:creator>
<guid>http://mypenguim.wordpress.com/2009/06/14/bug-realtek-rtl81118168b-no-linux/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Semana passada migrei o Data Center da empresa do grupo onde trabalho todo para ambiente virtualizad]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Semana passada migrei o Data Center da empresa do grupo onde trabalho todo para ambiente virtualizad]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Silenciar pitido del sistema]]></title>
<link>http://barceludena.wordpress.com/2009/05/18/silenciar-pitido-del-sistema/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2009 15:45:10 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>barceludena</dc:creator>
<guid>http://barceludena.wordpress.com/2009/05/18/silenciar-pitido-del-sistema/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Hoy me tomé unos minutos para terminar con el problemita del pitido del sistema, ocurre que cuando o]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Hoy me tomé unos minutos para terminar con el problemita del pitido del sistema, ocurre que cuando o]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Linux: Compartilhando a conexão de Internet]]></title>
<link>http://andreferraro.wordpress.com/2009/05/14/linux-compartilhando-conexao-internet/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 19:44:13 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>André Ferraro</dc:creator>
<guid>http://andreferraro.wordpress.com/2009/05/14/linux-compartilhando-conexao-internet/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Compartilhando a conexão de Internet Apesar de ser uma tarefa básica para quem administra redes Linu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div id="attachment_342" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 225px"><img class="size-full wp-image-342" title="Compartilhando a conexão de Internet" src="http://andreferraro.wordpress.com/files/2009/05/internet-compartilhamento.jpg" alt="Compartilhando a conexão de Internet" width="215" height="300" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Compartilhando a conexão de Internet</p></div>
<p>Apesar de ser uma tarefa básica para quem administra redes <em>Linux</em>, o compartilhamento de conexão de Internet pode ser uma questão importante para quem está iniciando e deseja utilizar o <em>Linux</em> como <a title="Wikipedia: Gateway" href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateway" target="_blank"><em>gateway</em></a> de sua rede local.</p>
<p>A primeira coisa que precisamos compreender é o <strong>NAT</strong> ou <em>Network Address Translation</em>. Também chamado de <em>masquerading</em> (mascaramento), é o processo de transformar ou traduzir endereços IP de uma rede para outra, no caso de compartilhamento de Internet, o <strong>NAT</strong> faz a tradução de IPs da rede local em endereço IP da Internet, permitindo assim que máquinas da sua rede local acessem a Internet. Com isso, um único endereço IP de Internet, pode ser compartilhado com todos os IPs da sua rede local.<!--more--></p>
<p>Ao utilizar um <em>gateway</em> cada <a title="HSW: Pacote de Dados" href="http://informatica.hsw.uol.com.br/questao525.htm" target="_blank">pacote de dados</a> é traduzido pelo NAT e é reconhecido como oriundo do IP de Internet, ou seja, independente do IP do computador da rede local, todos os pacotes saem para Internet como sendo do IP de Internet. Quando este pacote retorna, o NAT faz a tradução novamente para direcioná-lo ao computador de origem.</p>
<h2>Compartilhando a conexão de Internet</h2>
<p>Antes de começarmos a configurar nosso <em>gateway</em> de compartilhamento de Internet, vamos verificar o ambiente a ser utilizado. Para que as configurações funcionem perfeitamente você precisará de um ambiente semelhante a este:</p>
<ul>
<li>Uma conexão (que esteja funcionando) com um provedor de Internet;</li>
<li>Uma máquina com o <em>Debian</em> ou <em>Ubuntu</em> instalado;</li>
<li>Duas placas de rede instaladas, sendo que uma delas já deve estar com as configurações do provedor de Internet;</li>
<li>Um <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrador"><em>hub</em></a> ou <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comutador_(redes)"><em>switch</em></a> para distribuir o acesso à Internet por vários computadores.</li>
</ul>
<p>Abaixo segue uma sugestão simples de topologia de rede:</p>
<div id="attachment_345" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 411px"><img class="size-full wp-image-345" title="LAN: Topologia de uma rede simples" src="http://andreferraro.wordpress.com/files/2009/05/topologia-rede-simples.jpg" alt="LAN: Topologia de uma rede simples" width="401" height="312" /><p class="wp-caption-text">LAN: Topologia de uma rede simples</p></div>
<h3>Liberando o encaminhamento de pacotes</h3>
<p>A primeira configuração à fazer é liberar o encaminhamento de pacotes IP. Para isso temos duas alternativas. A primeira é alterar o arquivo <strong>ip_forward</strong> inserindo 1 no seu conteúdo e a segundo é alterando o arquivo <strong>sysctl.conf</strong>.</p>
<p>Inserindo 1 no arquivo <strong>ip_forward</strong>:</p>
<p><code># echo 1 &#62; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward</code></p>
<p>Alterar o arquivo <strong>sysctl.conf</strong>:</p>
<p><code># vi /etc/sysctl.conf</code></p>
<p>Remova o símbolo <strong>#</strong> da linha:</p>
<p><code>net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1</code></p>
<p>Salve o arquivo com <em>“:wq!”</em>. Para mais informações sobre o arquivo <em>sysctl.conf</em>, basta digitar o comando:</p>
<p><code># man sysctl.conf</code></p>
<h3>Configurando o IP do Gateway</h3>
<p>Vamos seguir o exemplo de topologia acima e admitir que temos duas placas de rede e iremos utilizar a placa nomeada como <strong>eth0</strong> para acesso à Internet (<a title="Wikipedia: Rede de longa distância" href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede_de_longa_distância" target="_blank"><strong>WAN</strong></a>) e a placa <strong>eth1</strong> para acesso à rede local (<a title="Wikipedia: Rede de área local" href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede_de_área_local" target="_blank">LAN</a>).</p>
<p>Dica: Para sabermos maiores informações sobre nossas placas de rede, podemos utilizar o comando:</p>
<p><code># cat /var/log/dmesg &#124; grep eth</code></p>
<p>Este comando deverá retornar o <a title="Wikipedia: Chipset" href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipset" target="_blank"><em>chipset</em></a> da placa de rede e a nomeação definida pelo <em>Linux</em>.</p>
<p>Após verificarmos corretamente as placas de rede e ligarmos os cabos que foram “feitos” utilizando o padrão <a title="Wikipedia: CAT5e" href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAT5e" target="_blank"><strong>CAT5e</strong></a>, vamos então configurar manualmente às informações da rede. Como estamos utilizando o <strong>Debian Lenny</strong> (<em>Debian 5.0</em>) ou <strong>Ubuntu Jaunty</strong> (<em>Ubuntu 9.04</em>), então as configurações estão no arquivo <em>/etc/network/interfaces</em>. Vamos editá-lo:</p>
<p><code># vi /etc/network/interfaces</code></p>
<p>O arquivo deverá ficar semelhante com o exemplo abaixo:</p>
<p><code>auto lo</code><br />
<code>iface lo inet loopback</code></p>
<p><code>allow-hotplug eth0</code><br />
<code>iface eth0 inet dhcp</code></p>
<p><code>allow-hotplug eth1</code><br />
<code>iface eth1 inet static</code><br />
<code> address 192.168.0.1</code><br />
<code> netmask 255.255.255.0</code></p>
<p>Note que não informo endereço de <em>gateway</em> na placa que será responsável por receber todo o tráfego da rede local (<em>LAN</em>). Isto é feito, pois esta máquina é o <em>gateway</em> da rede local.</p>
<p>No <strong>Ubuntu</strong>, a configuração padrão não menciona <em>allow-hotplug eth0</em> e sim <em>auto eth0</em>.</p>
<p>Caso sua conexão à Internet for através de IP fixo, então as configurações da <em>eth0</em> podem ser semelhantes a esta:</p>
<p><code>allow-hotplug eth0</code><br />
<code>iface eth0 inet static</code><br />
<code> address 200.174.144.20</code><br />
<code> netmask 255.255.255.240</code><br />
<code> broadcast 200.174.144.31</code><br />
<code> gateway 200.174.144.17</code></p>
<h3>Usando o IPTables para compartilhamento da conexão de Internet</h3>
<p>O IPTables é o software responsável por configurar regras de filtragem de pacotes. Para utilizar o <strong>IPTables</strong> para compartilharmos o acesso a Internet, antes precisaremos informar ao <a title="Wikipedia: Kernel" href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel" target="_blank"><em>Kernel</em></a> os módulos que deverão ser carregados.</p>
<p><code># modprobe ip_tables</code><br />
<code># modprobe iptable_nat</code></p>
<p>O comando <strong>modprobe</strong> é responsável por, além de outras tarefas, adicionar ou remover módulos no <em>Kernel Linux</em>. Os módulos <strong>ip_tables</strong> e <strong>iptables_nat</strong> têm a função de adicionar ao <em>Kernel</em> a habilidade de filtrar os pacotes de dados e fazer a “tradução” dos endereços de IP de uma rede para outra.</p>
<p>Agora vamos limpar qualquer regra pré-existente no <strong>IPTables</strong>, para que possamos garantir o correto funcionamento do <em>NAT</em> e do encaminhamento de pacotes:</p>
<p><code># iptables -F INPUT</code><br />
<code># iptables -F OUTPUT</code><br />
<code># iptables -F FORWARD</code><br />
<code># iptables -F -t nat</code><br />
<code># iptables -F -t mangle</code></p>
<p>As linhas acima limpam informações de entrada, saída, encaminhamento, &#8220;tradução&#8221; e alteração de pacotes.</p>
<p>Por fim, vamos habilitar o encaminhamento de pacotes via IPTables:</p>
<p><code># iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE</code></p>
<p>Entendendo os parâmetros passados para o IPTables na linha acima:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>-t nat</strong> &#8211; utiliza a tabela de &#8220;tradução&#8221; de endereços IP;</li>
<li><strong> -A POSTROUTING</strong> &#8211; adiciona a regra para saída de pacotes;</li>
<li><strong>-o eth0</strong> &#8211; especifica que a interface de saída utilizada é <em>eth0</em>;</li>
<li><strong>-j MASQUERADE</strong> &#8211; informa que o foco (<em>target</em>) da regra é o mascaramento de IP.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Testando a conexão de Internet</h3>
<p>Para testar se as configurações funcionaram, basta utilizar o comando <em>ping</em> de uma das máquinas clientes da rede. Por exemplo:</p>
<p><code># ping www.google.com.br</code></p>
<h3>Monitorando a transferência de pacotes</h3>
<div id="attachment_379" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 160px"><img class="size-thumbnail wp-image-379" title="Monitorando interfaces com IFTop" src="http://andreferraro.wordpress.com/files/2009/05/iftop.png?w=150" alt="Monitorando interfaces com IFTop" width="150" height="91" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Monitorando interfaces com IFTop</p></div>
<p><strong>IFTop</strong> é um ótimo utilitário para monitorar a transferência de pacotes entre sua rede local e a Internet. Com ele podemos ver, em tempo real, quais são os sites acessados e medir a taxa de transferência. Para instalar o <em>IFTop</em> no <strong>Debian Lenny</strong> (<em>Debian 5.0</em>) ou <strong>Ubuntu Jaunty</strong> (<em>Ubuntu 9.04</em>) basta executar o comando:</p>
<p><code># apt-get install iftop</code></p>
<p>Para utilizá-lo basta especificar a interface (placa) de rede que deseja monitorar. Em nosso exemplo de topologia a placa nomeada como <em>eth0</em> é a responsável pelo tráfego de Internet. Para monitorá-la vamos utilizar o comando:</p>
<p><code># iftop -i eth0</code></p>
<p>Caso tenha criado um <em>script</em> com as configurações acima, então você poderá adicioná-lo automaticamente à inicialização do sistema com o comando:</p>
<p><code># update-rc.d &#60;nome-do-script&#62; defaults</code></p>
<h3>Fontes e Referências</h3>
<ul>
<li><a title="Wikipedia: NAT" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation" target="_blank">Wikipedia &#8211; NAT</a>;</li>
<li><a title="HSW: NAT" href="http://computer.howstuffworks.com/nat.htm" target="_blank">How Stuff Works &#8211; NAT</a>;</li>
<li><a title="How to masquerade on Linux" href="http://www.howtoforge.com/internet-connection-sharing-masquerading-on-linux" target="_blank">How to masquerade on Linux</a>;</li>
<li><a title="iftop: display bandwidth usage on a interface" href="http://linux.die.net/man/8/iftop" target="_blank">iftop: display bandwidth usage on an interface</a>;</li>
<li>man iptables, man iftop.</li>
</ul>
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<title><![CDATA[Install wireless in ubuntu debian]]></title>
<link>http://linuxfanatic.wordpress.com/2009/05/06/install-wireless-in-ubuntu-debian/</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 06 May 2009 10:04:08 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Tushar Neupaney</dc:creator>
<guid>http://linuxfanatic.wordpress.com/2009/05/06/install-wireless-in-ubuntu-debian/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[If you are trying to install wireless driver for linux in your ubuntu or debian machine try the foll]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>If you are trying to install wireless driver for linux in your ubuntu or debian machine try the following bash script in order to get read of the problem. For this you have to use madwifi and have to do modprobe as being the super  user or root user (sudo). Here I will first download the madwifi from their site and then untar it then, modprobe the required drivers.</p>
<p>Please comment about your result.</p>
<p>#!/bin/bash</p>
<p>wget -c http://snapshots.madwifi.org/special/madwifi-ng-r2756+ar5007.tar.gz<br />
tar xvf madwifi-ng-r2756+ar5007.tar.gz<br />
cd madwifi-ng-r2756+ar5007</p>
<p>sudo make install<br />
sudo modprobe ath_pci<br />
sudo modprobe wlan_scan_sta</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Comandi utili per i moduli del Kernel]]></title>
<link>http://cryptema.wordpress.com/2009/02/22/comandi-utili-per-i-moduli-del-kernel/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 22 Feb 2009 11:35:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>cryptema</dc:creator>
<guid>http://cryptema.wordpress.com/2009/02/22/comandi-utili-per-i-moduli-del-kernel/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Per fare in modo che un modulo non venga caricato all&#8217;avvo di Ubuntu bisogna metterlo in black]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Per fare in modo che un modulo non venga caricato all&#8217;avvo di Ubuntu bisogna metterlo in blacklist. Per farlo basta editare il file di configurazione <em>blacklist</em> nel seguente modo:
<pre class="brush: java;">sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist</pre>
<p>aggiungendo una stringa di questo tipo:<br />
<em><strong>blacklist</strong> nome_modulo</em><br />
dove <em>nome_modulo</em> &#xE8; il modulo che vogliamo disabilitare.<br />
Invece se volessimo rimuovere un modulo che &#xE8; in esecuzione, (per esempio per disabilitare una periferica) dobbiamo utilizzare il comando <em>rmmod</em> nel seguente modo:
<pre class="brush: java;">sudo rmmod nome_modulo</pre>
<p>Infine, se vogliamo caricare un modulo rimosso, possiamo utilizzare il comando <em>modprobe</em>:</p>
<pre class="brush: java;">sudo modprobe nome_modulo</pre>
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<title><![CDATA[ubuntu ethxx rename]]></title>
<link>http://andrewtw.wordpress.com/2009/02/05/ubuntu-ethxx-rename/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2009 02:44:34 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Andrew Chang</dc:creator>
<guid>http://andrewtw.wordpress.com/2009/02/05/ubuntu-ethxx-rename/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[不知道為甚麼，eth0不見了，只剩下eth1 http://mydebian.blogdns.org/?p=177 # /etc/init.d/networking stop 首先要知道網路卡的dri]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[不知道為甚麼，eth0不見了，只剩下eth1 http://mydebian.blogdns.org/?p=177 # /etc/init.d/networking stop 首先要知道網路卡的dri]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Calling all Dj, Producer, Remixer ! Realtime music on your Linux box]]></title>
<link>http://jazzyjeph.wordpress.com/2009/01/04/calling-all-dj-producer-remixer-realtime-music-on-your-linux-box/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 04 Jan 2009 14:14:06 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>jazzyjeph</dc:creator>
<guid>http://jazzyjeph.wordpress.com/2009/01/04/calling-all-dj-producer-remixer-realtime-music-on-your-linux-box/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[I,ve been trying out Rosegarden recently and get an error message each time regarding the setting of]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>I,ve been trying out Rosegarden recently and get an error message each time regarding the setting of realtime priority. It suggests I run &#8220;sudo modprobe snd-rtctimer&#8221; in a terminal but this returns  &#8220;Module snd_rtctimer not found.&#8221;and as a quick web search had not come up with any specific help I installed &#8220;linux-rt&#8221; and its related bits, as mentioned at <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RealTime/Hardy" target="_blank">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RealTime/Hardy</a> on the old &#8216;puter and i&#8217;m just rebooting it now to see what has happened&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[El modulo de VirtualBox no se carga automaticamente]]></title>
<link>http://linuxparatodos.wordpress.com/2008/12/26/el-modulo-de-virtualbox-no-se-carga-automaticamente/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 26 Dec 2008 19:00:45 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>excalibur1491</dc:creator>
<guid>http://linuxparatodos.wordpress.com/2008/12/26/el-modulo-de-virtualbox-no-se-carga-automaticamente/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Hoy me he puesto a husmear por VirtualBox (que casi nunca uso, la verdad) y me he encontrao con una ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[Hoy me he puesto a husmear por VirtualBox (que casi nunca uso, la verdad) y me he encontrao con una ]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Tengo Firefox 3.0.4... ó 2.0.0.13???]]></title>
<link>http://luxiano.wordpress.com/?p=116</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 13 Nov 2008 14:11:29 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Luxiano</dc:creator>
<guid>http://luxiano.wordpress.com/?p=116</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Hagan click en la imagen para verlo en tamaño completo. Al final, ¿¿¿cual tengo???]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Hagan click en la imagen para verlo en tamaño completo.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.luxiano.com.ar/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/firefox-actualizado.jpg"><img src="http://www.luxiano.com.ar/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/firefox-actualizado-300x273.jpg" alt="Firefox 3.0.4 o 2.0.0.13???" title="firefox-actualizado" width="400" class="aligncenter" /></a></p>
<p>Al final, ¿¿¿cual tengo???</p>
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<title><![CDATA[ Hello again, world!]]></title>
<link>http://modprobenoticias.wordpress.com/2008/10/11/hello-again-world/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 11 Oct 2008 15:08:02 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>-ZoYeR</dc:creator>
<guid>http://modprobenoticias.wordpress.com/2008/10/11/hello-again-world/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Y así renace Modprobe noticias! De la mano de TiFLUG, Modprobe vuelve a surgir para la comunidad. Lu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Y así renace <strong>Modprobe noticias</strong>!</p>
<p>De la mano de <a href="http://tiflug.wordpress.com" target="_blank">TiFLUG</a>, Modprobe vuelve a surgir para la comunidad. Luego de un largo tiempo, se decidió volver a la marcha.</p>
<p>Recordamos, que este sitio será exclusivo para portal de noticias, dejando a TiFLUG para el grupo. Si quieren ser editores, no duden en hablar con alguno de los administradores.<br />
Ojalá y disfruten del sitio tanto como lo hacemos nosotros <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>Aquí, <strong>Luxiano</strong>, <strong>-ZoYeR</strong> y <strong>Patrix</strong>, para servirles.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[[root@tiflug]# /sbin/modprobe noticias]]></title>
<link>http://tiflug.wordpress.com/2008/10/11/roottiflug-sbinmodprobe-noticias/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 11 Oct 2008 15:06:38 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Luxiano</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tiflug.wordpress.com/2008/10/11/roottiflug-sbinmodprobe-noticias/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[El titulo de esta entrada, ¡es el titulo del sitio de noticias Modprobe! Asi es, hemos vuelto, recar]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>El titulo de esta entrada, ¡es el titulo del sitio de noticias Modprobe! Asi es, hemos vuelto, recargados (espero) y con las mismas ventajas que mencione en el primer post de este sitio, sin gastos, mayor facilidad de administración, etc.</p>
<p>En cuestion de horas, podrán acceder al blog con: <a href="http://www.modprobe.com.ar">http://www.modprobe.com.ar</a>.</p>
<p>Mantendremos separados los dos sitios, es decir, TiFLUG será solo para el grupo y los tips que hemos puesto y pondremos, Modprobe será para las noticias unicamente.</p>
<p>Cualquier integrante del grupo será bienvenido, solo tienen que dejar comentario.</p>
<p>Hasta la próxima!</p>
<p><a href="http://modprobenoticias.wordpress.com">http://modprobenoticias.wordpress.com</a>.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[...y Modprobe.com.ar]]></title>
<link>http://tiflug.wordpress.com/2008/10/10/y-modprobecomar/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 10 Oct 2008 13:56:49 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Luxiano</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tiflug.wordpress.com/2008/10/10/y-modprobecomar/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Ahora también es posible entrar al sitio ingresando en la barra de direcciones modprobe.com.ar. Asi ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Ahora también es posible entrar al sitio ingresando en la barra de direcciones <a href="http://modprobe.com.ar">modprobe.com.ar</a>. Asi que ¡ya estan cubiertas todas las bases! Si todo sale bien, les voy a dar una sorpresa que estabamos esperando desde hace tiempo (por lo menos yo, que lo intenté varias veces).</p>
<p>Saludos!</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[Disable Ubuntu System Beep!]]></title>
<link>http://blog.wolffmyren.com/2008/10/20/disable-ubuntu-system-beep/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 21 Oct 2008 00:55:03 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>willwm</dc:creator>
<guid>http://blog.wolffmyren.com/2008/10/20/disable-ubuntu-system-beep/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[If you&#8217;re like me, you&#8217;re probably quite annoyed with the system beep in Ubuntu. Luckily]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>If you&#8217;re like me, you&#8217;re probably quite annoyed with the system beep in Ubuntu. Luckily, there&#8217;s an easy fix:</p>
<p><strong>To disable it temporarily:</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>In Terminal (or the console), enter: &#8220;sudo rmmod pcspkr&#8221;</li>
<li>You should not hear the system beep until your next system reboot.</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>To disable it permanently:</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>In Terminal (or the console), enter: &#8220;sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist&#8221;</li>
<li>At the end of the file, enter a new line &#8220;blacklist pcspkr&#8221;</li>
<li>Type Ctrl+O (to save the file), then Ctrl+X (to exit nano)</li>
<li>After your next system reboot, you should no longer here the system beep.</li>
</ol>
<p>Thanks to <a rel="bookmark" href="http://ubuntu-tutorials.com/2007/07/26/turning-off-the-system-hardware-beep-linux-tutorial/">Turning Off The System (hardware) Beep : Linux Tutorial</a> for the info!<a rel="bookmark" href="http://ubuntu-tutorials.com/2007/07/26/turning-off-the-system-hardware-beep-linux-tutorial/"><br />
</a></p>
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