Nie wiem jaki sens maja te spotkania przed bierzmowaniem? Co to zmieni…
Siedzi sie,i sie olewa toto.
I jeszcze te 80stron do uzupelnienia :/
No ale zobaczymy…

Teraz notki sa krotsze,jakos nie mam pomyslu ,ani weny na nie.

A,i polecam album:
Sciety – Antyszanty
Jak ktos chce,to moge wrzocic na jakiegos free hosta,albo na swojego ftp…

Pozdro

More About VT, originally uploaded by CaitlinKrisko.

Yes, the rumors are true… we will be going to Vermont for Caitlin’s birthday to start work on a new album. I just wanted to share a little bit about the special place that we will be trekking too. We will be driving to a small cow-town in the Northeast Kingdom, called Barton. This house (barely a house… camp is a better term) has been in my family for almost 20 years now, I have fond memories of this place all throughout childhood. Recently, I have been using the place as an escape from the drudgery of the city, it’s ooohhh soooo quiet, so beautiful and very inspiring. This summer, I discovered that one of the rooms has amazing acoustics for recording! I can’t think of a better place to bring The Broadcast (and Caitlin of course!) to start work on the new songs. If you’ve been following us lately, you know that we, as a band, have been writing a lot in the past month. Our sound is developing, and we are all pleased with the results! Stay tuned, we’ll have some aural treats for you in the new year.

Yes, the rumors are true… we will be going to Vermont for Caitlin’s birthday to start work on a new album. I just wanted to share a little bit about the special place that we will be trekking too. We will be driving to a small cow-town in the Northeast Kingdom, called Barton. This house (barely a house… camp is a better term) has been in my family for almost 20 years now, I have fond memories of this place all throughout childhood. Recently, I have been using the place as an escape from the drudgery of the city, it’s ooohhh soooo quiet, so beautiful and very inspiring. This summer, I discovered that one of the rooms has amazing acoustics for recording! I can’t think of a better place to bring The Broadcast (and Caitlin of course!) to start work on the new songs. If you’ve been following us lately, you know that we, as a band, have been writing a lot in the past month. Our sound is developing, and we are all pleased with the results! Stay tuned, we’ll have some aural treats for you in the new year.

I recently visited BSNL Customer Care Centre to enquire availability of  3G or EVDO network in Haldwani. I wasn’t not expecting what they told! 3G is available everywhere in Haldwani from Kathgodam to Teen Paani. They says that though 3G is available through out the city but the speed may vary according to signal strength. The better the signals, faster is the speed. BSNL 3G supports HSUA/HSDPA protocols, which means the maximum speed of 3G is up to 7.2 MBPS which means you can download at 900KB/s to 1000KB/s(approx).

EVDO on the other hand is available only in certain parts on Haldwani, it covers only Nainital Road plus few more places. EVDO only has one advantage over 3G, the tariff. Rs 550 and you get unlimited download on EVDO where as in 3G UL plan is worth Rs 3000. So 3G is very expensive as of now, but it is not something to worry since BSNL will reduce the tariff as soon as any other company(like Reliance) launches it’s 3G services. Also the speed of EVDO are limited up to 2.4Mbps

As of now if you are looking for Wireless Broadband go for 3G cause it is more widely spread and has faster speeds, tariff will reduce gradually. If you definitely need unlimited downloads EVDO is a better deal.

Consult Kandpaal Sales, Near Bholenaath Garden opp. Standard sweet shop for coverage(3G/EVDO) enquiries in your locality within Haldwani.

*BSNL Uttrakhand Circle Site

*More about 3G on WordPress

Discovering new music has been a somewhat laborious task for me the
past year. It’s safe to say 2009 did not wield many “holy s**t what
is this band!” experiences. I remember the first time I heard Jimi
Hendrix, “If 6 was 9″ changed my life forever! I was crazed… I
would stay up every night listening to Axis: Bold As Love through
headphones, in a trance, completely detached from reality. Music is
beautiful, it can offer an immediate personal connection, the type of
connection that can even thwart your addiction to Modern Warfare 2
(that’s saying a lot, it’s a pretty sick game!!).

Well, not all has been lost for me, I just discovered two bands that
have been making my xbox 360 collect dust….TV on the Radio and
Deerhunter. The former is a band I have known for some time, but have
not taken the time to check out. We even rehearse down the hall from
them! On a recent drive with a friend from Brooklyn to Boston, I was
introduced to both of these groups, thank you iPod shuffle and thank
you 2009 for not failing to disappoint!

For good listening check out TV on the Radio’s album Return To Cookie
Mountain and Deerhunter’s album Microcastle.

Kompliant Karo in New In Chess

In the 2009#7 issue of New in Chess, Nigel Short presents a Caro-Kann sideline that I tried as well in USCL action.

Caro-Kann Foxy Two Knights Foxy Deviation Line with 6. Be2!?

1. e4 c6 2. Nc3 d5 3. Nf3 Bg4 4. h3 Bxf3 5. Qxf3

Fischer used to play this just to get away from the tedious main lines.  Can the bishop pair count?  He certainly did not do well versus the likes of Keres (three times) in his early career (such as twice at the mammoth all play all four-times Bled Candidates ‘59) when he coupled this idea with g2-g3, fianchettoing.  It was just too easy for black to play.

Fischer-Keres 0-1 Bled ‘59 Part One

Fischer-Keres 0-1 Bled ‘59 Part Two

Finally Fischer draws, Fischer-Keres 1/2, Bled ‘61

5…Nf6 6. Be2!?

No fianchetto!  An interesting try.

Give up the center? Why?

The essence of this particular Caro deviation. White hopes for a miscue and in fact gets it right away!

6…dxe4 (?) 7. Nxe4 Nxe4 8. Qxe4.

In one game,   Short-Gagunashvili (2564) Calcutta Open 2009, there followed 8….e6 9. O-O Nbd7 and now Short found the “move of Frolov” (from 1990): 10. b4! with a significant edge.  In Merida 2001, Short had played 10. d4? versus Vishy Anand and got nothing, but Short and Rybka are both correctly enthused by 10. b4! – a nice move.

In the main game annotated in his article, Erwin L’Ami at the London Staunton Memorial 2009 played 8…Qd5 9. Qg4 Nd7 10. O-O Nf6 11. Qa4 Qe4 12. Qxe4 Nxe4 13. Re1 and black had not equalized.

So far so good, right?  However there is a problem.  Black’s 5h and 6th move combination is rather obviously not very good.  The essence is that there is no reason to rush to give up the center; doing so makes the two bishops count more (especially in the “Frolov Improvement Line” mentioned above).

I run into an Improvement

Try instead the move order from MG (ARZ) – L. Kaufman (BAL), USCL 2009,

1.e4 c6 2.Nc3 d5 3.Nf3 Bg4 4.h3 Bxf3 5.Qxf3 e6! 6.Be2 Nf6!

Ye Olde Bricke Walle

This move sequence for black on moves 5 and 6  is so obvious in hindsight.

Where does it come from?  The games Fischer was tortured (see above links) vs Keres! Simply maintain the center with a rock solid game. White has nothing that I can see! So do I complain to Short, Short’s opponents for gilding this apparently attractive path, the NIC Editor for running the article without the improvement, or Larry Kaufman for being too prepared?  Or am I missing some hidden improvement?  To my mind, Kaufman’s moves look logical and what are my bishops doing?  Larry assists with Rybka programming and development, maybe this improvement is just “oude kuch” (stale cake, as they say in NIC Dutch language) to him and I stepped in some NIC doo doo.

Arrghhhh.

See the USCL website for the rest of my crazy game. I tried an early pawn advance which didn’t work at all. The only thing I’ll say about that one is that black missed a nice knockout with 19…Nc5! with the very nasty idea of Nc5-b3, winning.

Spot the Problem

From the USCL website, a preview of tomorrow’s playoff match:

New Jersey Knockouts (9.0 – 2.0) vs New York Knights (6.0 – 5.0)
New Jersey receives Draw Odds

All Time Series Record:  (New Jersey leads 3 – 2)

Starts at 7:00 PM ET       Time Control – Game in 90 with 30 second increment    

Astute readers will notice the problem: “NJ Receives Draw Odds.” Far too great an odds in a 4-person match (this is obvious, right?). Recently I canvassed readers for alternate solutions – how to give a slight edge to the team with the higher seed. The collective braintrust is still working. See the comments section of my prior post.

And in Marketing News of the Weird

My blog received a “comment”:

“[random site]  is currently in the progress of choosing chess blogs/clubs to receive recognition from [random site] as Top Resources. This award is not meant to be anything other than a recognition that your blog/Clubs gives information about tactics that directly or in directly raise Chess awareness. Simply place the award banner code on your site and your resource will be listed as a Top CHESS Resources on [random site] once you place it. [random site] is a Private Global Chess Server which offer FREE Chess Games and Guidelines for learning chess and whose goal is to promote Chess (which game has lost his fan base) through the spread of information globally. Thank you for your dedication to your Club/blogs. Please reply me back with the subject line as your URL to avoid spam and to make sure that you only get the award banner.”

I have a better idea.  Random Site must recognize my blog as the primary chess knowledge source in the known universe and place that accolade in an obnoxious scrolling LED style banner on their home page.  Then I will make a link to my new friends and my deserved accolade.  But the real take away lesson – when you have a bad position, just think to yourself “which game has lost his fan base ” and tell yourself it’s not yours.

Mystery Photo

Mystery

Test Your Eastern Bloc Humor

Rate this on a scale of 1 to 10 with 1 being “huh?” and 10 being “Mirthful indeed!”

What do you call one Russian? –A drunk.
What do you call two Russians? –A fight.
What do you call three Russians? — A Party cell

What do you call one Jew? –A financial center.
What do you call two Jews? –The World Chess Championship.
What do you call three Jews? –Native Russian Folk Instrument Ensemble.

What do you call one Ukrainian? –A partisan.
What do you call two Ukrainians? –A partisan cell.
What do you call three Ukrainians? –A partisan cell with a traitor in
their midst.

Lorazepam, initially marketed under the brand names Ativan and Temesta, is a benzodiazepine drug with short to medium duration of action. It has all five intrinsic benzodiazepine effects: anxiolytic, amnesic, sedative/hypnotic, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant. It is a powerful anxiolytic, and, since its introduction in 1977, lorazepam’s principal use has been in treating the symptom of anxiety. Among benzodiazepines, lorazepam has a relatively high addictive potential.
Contents

1987 Ativan advertisement. “In a world where certainties are few…no wonder Ativan (lorazepam)C-IV is prescribed by so many caring clinicians.”

Lorazepam has relatively potent anxiolytic effects and its best known indication is the short-term management of severe chronic anxiety, though in fact the FDA advises against this usage. It is fast acting, and useful in treating fast onset panic anxiety.

Lorazepam has strong sedative/hypnotic effects, and the duration of clinical effects from a single dose makes it an appropriate choice for the short term treatment of insomnia, particularly in the presence of severe anxiety. Withdrawal symptoms, including rebound insomnia and rebound anxiety, may occur after only 7 days’ administration of lorazepam.

Its relatively potent amnesic effect, with its anxiolytic and sedative effects, makes lorazepam useful as premedication. It is given before a general anaesthetic to reduce the amount of anaesthetic agent required, or before unpleasant awake procedures, such as in dentistry or endoscopies, to reduce anxiety, to increase compliance, and to induce amnesia for the procedure. Oral lorazepam is given 90 to 120 minutes before procedures, and intravenous lorazepam as late as 10 minutes before procedures.

The marked anticonvulsant properties of lorazepam, and its pharmacokinetic profile, makes intravenous lorazepam a reliable agent for terminating acute seizures, but it has relatively prolonged sedation aftereffects. Oral lorazepam, and other benzodiazepines, have a role in long-term prophylactic treatment of resistant forms of petit mal epilepsy but not as first-line therapies, mainly because of the development of resistance to their effects.

Lorazepam’s anticonvulsant, or CNS depressant, properties are useful for the prevention and treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. In this setting it is relevant that impaired liver function is not a hazard with lorazepam since lorazepam does not require oxidation, hepatic or otherwise, for its metabolism.

Where there is need for rapid sedation of violent or agitated patients, including acute delirium, lorazepam may be used, but as it can cause paradoxical effects, it is preferably given together with haloperidol. Lorazepam is absorbed relatively slowly if given intramuscularly, a common route in restraint situations.

Catatonia with inability to speak is responsive and sometimes controlled with a single 2 mg oral, or slow intravenous dose of lorazepam. Symptoms may recur and treatment for some days may be necessary. Catatonia due to abrupt or too rapid withdrawal from benzodiazepines, as part of the benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, should also respond to lorazepam treatment. As lorazepam can have paradoxical effects, haloperidol is sometimes given concomitantly.

It is sometimes used in chemotherapy as an adjunct to antiemetics for treating anticipatory nausea and vomiting, i.e. nausea and vomiting caused or worsened by psychological sensitisation to the thought of being sick. It is also used as adjunct therapy for cyclic vomiting syndrome.
[edit] Formulation and administration
0.5mg tablets of the Ativan brand of lorazepam.

Pure lorazepam is an almost white powder that is nearly insoluble in water and oil. In medicinal form, lorazepam is mainly available as tablets and a solution for injection but in some locations it is also available as a skin patch, an oral solution and a sublingual tablet.

Lorazepam tablets and syrups are administered by mouth only. The tablets contain 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg lorazepam, with some differences between countries. Lorazepam tablets of the Ativan brand also contain lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, polacrilin potassium, magnesium stearate and colouring agents (indigo carmine—E132—in blue tablets and tartrazine—E102— in yellow tablets).

Lorazepam injectable solution is administered either by deep intramuscular injection or by intravenous injection. The injectable solution comes in 1 mL ampoules containing 2 mg or 4 mg lorazepam. The solvents used are polyethylene glycol 400 and propylene glycol. As a preservative, the injectable solution contains benzyl alcohol. Toxicity from propylene glycol has been reported in the case of a patient receiving a continuous lorazepam infusion. Intravenous injections should be given slowly and patients closely monitored for side-effects, such as respiratory depression, hypotension, or loss of airway control.

Peak effects roughly coincide with peak serum levels, which occur 10 minutes after intravenous injection, up to 60 minutes after intramuscular injection, and 90 to 120 minutes after oral administration, but initial effects will be noted before this. A clinically relevant lorazepam dose will normally be effective for 6 to 12 hours, making it unsuitable for regular once-daily administration, so it is usually prescribed as two to four daily doses when taken regularly.
[edit] Adverse effects

Any of the five intrinsic benzodiazepine effects possessed by lorazepam (sedative/hypnotic, muscle relaxant, anxiolytic, amnesic and anticonvulsant) may be considered as “adverse effects,” or “side-effects,” if unwanted.Lorazepam’s effects are dose-dependent, meaning that the higher the dose the stronger the effects (and side-effects) will be. Using the smallest dose needed to achieve desired effects lessens the risk of adverse effects.

Sedation is the most complained-of side-effect. In a group of around 3500 patients treated for anxiety, the most common side-effects complained of from lorazepam were sedation (15.9%), dizziness (6.9%), weakness (4.2%), and unsteadiness (3.4%). Side-effects such as sedation and unsteadiness increased with age.

* Paradoxical effects: In some cases there can be paradoxical effects with benzodiazepines, such as increased hostility, aggression, angry outbursts, and psychomotor agitation. Paradoxical effects are more likely to occur with higher doses, in patients with pre-existing personality disorders and those with a psychiatric illness. It is worth noting that frustrating stimuli may trigger such reactions, even though the drug may have been prescribed to help the patient cope with such stress and frustration in the first place. As paradoxical effects appear to be dose related, they usually subside on dose reduction or on complete withdrawal of lorazepam.

* Suicidality: Benzodiazepines may sometimes unmask suicidal ideation in depressed patients, possibly through disinhibition or fear-reduction. Though relatively non-toxic in themselves, the concern is that benzodiazepines may inadvertently become facilitators of suicidal behaviour.Lorazepam should, therefore, not be prescribed in high doses or as the sole treatment in depression but only together with an appropriate antidepressant.

* Amnesic effects: Among benzodiazepines, lorazepam has relatively strong amnesic effects,but patients soon develop tolerance to this with regular use. To avoid amnesia (or excess sedation) being a problem, the initial total daily lorazepam dose should not exceed 2 mg. This also applies to use for night sedation. Five participants in a sleep study were prescribed lorazepam 4 mg at night, and the next evening three subjects unexpectedly volunteered memory gaps for parts of that day, an effect that subsided completely after 2–3 days’ use. Amnesic effects cannot be estimated from the degree of sedation present, since the two effects are unrelated.

Full lists of Lorazepam side-effects:

For lists of lorazepam side-effects, refer to the manufacturers’ data sheets. Please note that some may list side-effects for the entire benzodiazepine class, not the specific side-effect profile for lorazepam.
[edit] Contraindications and special considerations
[edit] Contraindications

Lorazepam must be avoided in patients with the following conditions:

* Allergy or hypersensitivity. Past hypersensitivity or allergy to lorazepam, to any benzodiazepine or to any of the ingredients in lorazepam tablets or injections.

* Severe respiratory failure. Benzodiazepines, including lorazepam, may depress central nervous system respiratory drive and are contraindicated in severe respiratory failure. An example would be the inappropriate use to relieve anxiety associated with acute severe asthma. The anxiolytic effects may also be detrimental to a patient’s willingness and ability to fight for breath. However, if mechanical ventilation becomes necessary, lorazepam may be used to facilitate deep sedation.

* Acute intoxication. Lorazepam may interact synergistically with the effects of alcohol, narcotics, or other psychoactive substances. It should, therefore not be administered to a drunk or intoxicated person.

* Ataxia. This is a neurological clinical sign, consisting of unsteady and clumsy motion of the limbs and torso, due to failure of gross muscle movement coordination, most evident on standing and walking: It is the classic way in which acute alcohol intoxication may affect a person. Benzodiazepines should not be administered to already-ataxic patients.

* Acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Lorazepam has pupil-dilating effects, which may further interfere with the drainage of aqueous humour from the anterior chamber of the eye, thus worsening narrow-angle glaucoma.

* Sleep apnea. Sleep apnea may be worsened by lorazepam’s central nervous system depressant effects. It may further reduce the patient’s ability to protect his or her airway during sleep.

* Myasthenia gravis. This condition is characterised by muscle weakness and a muscle relaxant such as lorazepam may exacerbate symptoms.

* Pregnancy and breast feeding. Lorazepam belongs to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy category D, which means that it is likely to cause harm to the developing baby, if taken during the first trimester of pregnancy. There is inconclusive evidence that lorazepam, if taken early in pregnancy, may result in reduced IQ, neurodevelopmental problems, physical malformations in cardiac or facial structure, as well as other malformations in some newborns. Lorazepam given to pregnant women antenatally may cause floppy infant syndrome in the neonate, or respiratory depression necessitating ventilation. Regular lorazepam use during late pregnancy (the third trimester), carries a definite risk of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome in the neonate. Neonatal benzodiazepine withdrawal may include hypotonia, reluctance to suck, apneic spells, cyanosis, and impaired metabolic responses to cold stress. Symptoms of floppy infant syndrome and the neonatal benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome have been reported to persist from hours to months after birth. Lorazepam may also inhibit foetal liver bilirubin glucuronidation, leading to neonatal jaundice. Lorazepam is present in breast milk, so caution must be exercised about breast feeding.

[edit] Special groups and situations

* Children and the elderly. The safety and effectiveness of lorazepam is not well determined in children under 16 years of age, but it is used to treat serial seizures. Dose requirements have to be individualized, especially in the elderly and debilitated patients in whom the risk of oversedation is greater. Long term therapy may lead to cognitive deficits, especially in the elderly, but this is reversible after a period of discontinuation. Benzodiazepines, including lorazepam, have been found to increase the risk of falls and fractures in the elderly.

* Liver or Kidney failure. Lorazepam may be safer than most benzodiazepines in patients with impaired liver function. Like oxazepam, it does not require hepatic oxidation, but only hepatic glucuronidation into lorazepam-glucuronide. Therefore, impaired liver function is unlikely to result in lorazepam accumulation to an extent causing adverse reactions. Lorazepam-glucuronide and a small amount of unchanged lorazepam are excreted by the kidneys, so in renal failure small increases in lorazepam levels may theoretically occur.

* Surgical Premedication. Informed consent that was given only after receiving lorazepam premedication could have its validity challenged later. Staff must use chaperones to guard against allegations of abuse during treatment. Such allegations may arise because of incomplete amnesia, disinhibition, and impaired ability to process cues. Because of its relative long duration of residual effects (sedation, ataxia, hypotension and amnesia), lorazepam premedication is best suited for hospital inpatient use. Patients should not be discharged from hospital within 24 hours of receiving lorazepam premedication, unless accompanied by a caregiver. They should also not drive, operate machinery, or use alcohol within this period.

[edit] Tolerance and dependence

Tolerance to benzodiazepine effects develops with regular use. This is desirable with amnesic and sedative effects, undesirable with anxiolytic, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant effects. Patients at first experience drastic relief from anxiety and sleeplessness, but symptoms gradually return, relatively soon in the case of insomnia but more slowly in the case of anxiety symptoms. After four to six months of regular benzodiazepine use, there is little evidence of continued efficacy. If regular treatment is continued for longer than this, dose increases may be necessary to maintain effects, but treatment resistant symptoms may in fact be benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms.

On abrupt, or overly rapid discontinuation of lorazepam, anxiety and signs of physical withdrawal have been observed, similar to those seen on withdrawal from alcohol and barbiturates. Lorazepam as with other benzodiazepine drugs can cause physical dependence, addiction and what is known as the benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome. The higher the dose and the longer the drug is taken for the greater the risk of experiencing unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms can, however, occur from standard dosages and also after short-term use. Benzodiazepine treatment should be discontinued as soon as possible via a slow and gradual dose reduction regimen.

The likelihood of dependence is relatively high with lorazepam compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam’s relatively short serum half-life, its confinement mainly to the vascular space, and its inactive metabolite results in interdose withdrawal phenomena and next-dose cravings. This may reinforce psychological dependence. Because of its high potency, the smallest lorazepam tablet strength of 0.5 mg is also a significant dose reduction (in the UK, the smallest tablet strength is 1.0 mg, which further accentuates this difficulty). To minimise the risk of physical/psychological dependence, lorazepam is best used only short-term, at the smallest effective dose. If any benzodiazepine has been used long-term, the recommendation is a gradual dose taper over a period of weeks, months or longer, according to dose and duration of use, degree of dependence and the individual. Coming off long-term lorazepam may be more realistically achieved by a gradual switch to an equivalent dose of diazepam, a period of stabilization on this and only then initiating dose reductions. The advantage of switching to diazepam is that dose reductions are felt less acutely, because of the longer half lives (20–200 hours) of diazepam and its active metabolites.
[edit] Withdrawal

Withdrawal symptoms can occur after taking therapeutic doses of Ativan for as little as one week. Withdrawal symptoms include headaches, anxiety, tension, depression, insomnia, restlessness, confusion, irritability, sweating, dysphoria, dizziness, derealization, depersonalization, numbness/tingling of extremities, hypersensitivity to light, sound, and smell, perceptual distortions, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, appetite loss, hallucinations, delirium, seizures, tremor, stomach cramps, myalgia, agitation, palpitations, tachycardia, panic attacks, short-term memory loss, and hyperthermia. It takes approximately 18–36 hours for the benzodiazepine to remove itself from your body. The ease of addiction to Lorazepam, (the Ativan brand was particularly cited), and its withdrawal were brought to the attention of the British public during the early 1980s in Esther Rantzen’s BBC TV series “That’s Life!”, in a feature on the drug over a number of episodes.
[edit] Pharmacology

Lorazepam is high-potency and an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine and its uniqueness, advantages and disadvantages are largely explained by its pharmacokinetic properties (poor water and lipid solubility, high protein binding and non-oxidative metabolism to a pharmacologically inactive glucuronide form) and by its high relative potency (lorazepam 1 mg is equal in effect to diazepam 10 mg). The half life of lorazepam is 10–20 hours.
[edit] Pharmacokinetics

Because of its poor lipid solubility lorazepam is absorbed relatively slowly by mouth and is unsuitable for rectal administration. But its poor lipid solubility and high degree of protein binding (85-90%) mean that lorazepam’s volume of distribution is mainly the vascular compartment, causing relatively prolonged peak effects. This contrasts with the highly lipid-soluble diazepam which, although rapidly absorbed orally or rectally, soon redistributes from the serum to other parts of the body, particularly body fat. This explains why one lorazepam dose, despite lorazepam’s shorter serum half-life, has more prolonged peak effects than an equivalent diazepam dose. On regular administration diazepam will however accumulate more, since it has a longer half-life and active metabolites with even longer half-lives.

* Clinical Example: Diazepam has long been a drug of choice for status epilepticus: Its high lipid solubility means it gets absorbed with equal speed whether given intravenously, orally, or rectally (non-intravenous routes are convenient in non-hospital settings). But diazepam’s high lipid solubility also means it does not remain in the vascular space but soon redistributes into other body tissues. So it may be necessary to repeat diazepam doses to maintain peak anticonvulsant effects, resulting in excess body accumulation. Lorazepam is the opposite case: Its low lipid solubility makes it relatively slowly absorbed by any route other than intravenously, but once injected will not get significantly redistributed beyond the vascular space. Therefore, lorazepam’s anticonvulsant effects are more durable, thus reducing the need for repeated doses. If a patient is known to usually stop convulsing after only one or two diazepam doses, diazepam may be preferable because sedative after-effects will be less than if a single dose of lorazepam is given (diazepam anticonvulsant/sedative effects wear off after 15–30 minutes, but lorazepam effects last 12–24 hours). The prolonged sedation from lorazepam may, however, be an acceptable trade-off for its reliable duration of effects, particularly if the patient needs to be transferred to another facility. Although lorazepam is not necessarily better than diazepam at initially terminating seizures, lorazepam is, nevertheless, replacing diazepam as the intravenous agent of choice in status epilepticus.

Lorazepam serum levels are proportional to the dose administered. Giving 2 mg oral lorazepam will result in a peak total serum lorazepam level of around 20 nanograms/ml around two hours later, half of which is lorazepam, half its inactive metabolite, lorazepam-glucuronide. A similar lorazepam dose given intravenously will result in an earlier and higher peak serum level, with a higher relative proportion of unmetabolised (active) lorazepam. On regular administration, maximum lorazepam serum levels are attained after three days. Longer term use, up to six months, does not result in further accumulation. On discontinuation, lorazepam serum levels become negligible after 3 days and undetectable after about a week. Lorazepam is metabolised in the liver by conjugation into inactive lorazepam-glucuronide. This metabolism does not involve hepatic oxidation and therefore is relatively unaffected by reduced liver function. Lorazepam-glucuronide is more water-soluble than its precursor and therefore gets more widely distributed in the body leading to a longer half-life than lorazepam. Lorazepam-glucuronide is eventually excreted by the kidneys and because of its tissue accumulation it remains detectable – particularly in the urine – for substantially longer than lorazepam.
[edit] Pharmacodynamics

Relative to other benzodiazepines, lorazepam is thought to have high affinity for GABA receptors, which may also explain its marked amnesic effects. The main pharmacological effects of lorazepam are the enhancement of GABA at the GABAA receptor. Benzodiazepine drugs including lorazepam increase the inhibitory processes in the cerebral cortex.

The magnitude and duration of lorazepam effects are dose related, meaning that larger doses have stronger and longer-lasting effects. This is because the brain has spare benzodiazepine drug receptor capacity, with single, clinical doses leading only to an occupancy of some 3% of the available receptors.

The anticonvulsant properties of lorazepam and other benzodiazepines may be, in part or entirely, due to binding to voltage-dependent sodium channels rather than benzodiazepine receptors. Sustained repetitive firing seems to get limited, by the benzodiazepine effect of slowing recovery of sodium channels from inactivation in mouse spinal cord cell cultures.
[edit] Interactions

* Alcohol. Lorazepam is not usually fatal in overdose, but may cause fatal respiratory depression if taken in overdose with alcohol. The combination also causes synergistic enhancement of the disinhibitory and amnesic effects of both drugs, with potentially embarrassing or criminal consequences. Some experts advise patients should be warned against drinking alcohol while on lorazepam treatment, but such clear warnings are not universal.

[edit] Overdose
See also: Benzodiazepine overdose

In cases of a suspected lorazepam overdose, it is important to establish if the patient is a regular user of lorazepam or other benzodiazepines, since regular use causes tolerance to develop. Also, one must ascertain if other drugs were also ingested.

Signs of overdose range through mental confusion, dysarthria, paradoxical reactions, drowsiness, hypotonia, ataxia, hypotension, hypnotic state, coma, cardiovascular depression, respiratory depression, and death.

Early management of alert patients includes emetics, gastric lavage, and activated charcoal. Otherwise, management is by observation, including of vital signs, support and — only if necessary, considering the hazards of doing so, giving intravenous flumazenil.

Patients are ideally nursed in a kind, non-frustrating environment since, when given or taken in high doses, benzodiazepines are more likely to cause paradoxical reactions. If shown sympathy, even quite crudely feigned, patients may respond solicitously, but they may respond with disproportionate aggression to frustrating cues. Opportunistic counseling has limited value here, as the patient is unlikely to recall this later, owing to drug-induced anterograde amnesia.
[edit] Abuse and misuse
See also: Benzodiazepine drug misuse

Lorazepam is a drug with the potential for misuse. Two types of drug misuse can occur. Recreational misuse, where the drug is taken to achieve a “high,” or when the drug is continued long term against medical advice. Prescribers of lorazepam must be alert to the possibility of abuse or diversion for illegitimate use when prescribing for unsupervised outpatients. This applies particularly to patients with past or present substance abuse disorders, as persons with addictive personalities are more likely to abuse medications such as lorazepam. In addition to recreational use, benzodiazepines may be diverted and used to facilitate crime: Criminals may take them to deliberately seek disinhibition before committing crimes (which increases their potential for violence) or they may give them to unwitting victims as date rape drugs, notably with alcohol.

In Northern Ireland in cases where drivers had low or no alcohol readings but were thought to be impaired through drugs, benzodiazepines were found to be present in 87% of cases.

A large-scale, nationwide, U.S. government study of pharmaceutical-related ED visits by SAMHSA found that sedative-hypnotics in the United States are the most frequently abused pharmaceuticals, with 35% of drug-related emergency room visits involving sedative-hypnotics. In this category, benzodiazepines are most commonly abused. Males abuse benzodiazepines as commonly as women. Of drugs used in attempted suicide, benzodiazepines are the most commonly used pharmaceutical drug, with 26% of attempted suicides involving benzodiazepines. Lorazepam was the third most commonly abused benzodiazepine in these ED visit statistics.
[edit] History and legal status
Early lorazepam marketing, a 1977 direct-to-patient advertisement implying its positive effects: “Now it can be yours – The Ativan Experience.”

Historically, lorazepam is one of the “classical” benzodiazepines. Other classical benzodiazepines include diazepam, clonazepam, oxazepam, nitrazepam, flurazepam, bromazepam and clorazepate. Lorazepam was first introduced by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals in 1971 under the brand names of Ativan and Temesta. The drug was developed by President of Research, D.J. Richards. Wyeth’s original patent on lorazepam is expired in the United States but the drug continues to be commercially viable. As a measure of its ongoing success, it has been marketed under more than seventy generic brands since then:

Almazine, Alzapam, Anxiedin, Anxira, Anzepam, Aplacasse, Aplacassee, Apo-Lorazepam, Aripax, Azurogen, Bonatranquan, Bonton, Control, Donix, Duralozam, Efasedan, Emotion, Emotival, Idalprem, Kalmalin, Larpose, Laubeel, Lopam, Lorabenz, Loram, Lorans, Lorapam, Lorat, Lorax, Lorazene, Lorazep, Lorazepam, Lorazin, Lorafen (PL), Lorazon, Lorenin, Loridem, Lorivan, Lorsedal, Lorzem, Lozepam, Merlit, Nervistop L, Nervistopl, NIC, Novhepar, Novolorazem, Orfidal, Piralone, Placidia, Placinoral, Punktyl, Quait, Renaquil, Rocosgen, Securit, Sedarkey, Sedatival, Sedizepan, Sidenar, Silence, Sinestron, Somnium, Stapam, Tavor, Titus, Tolid, Tranqil, Tranqipam, Trapax, Trapaxm, Trapex, Upan, Wintin and Wypax.

In 2000, the U.S. drug company Mylan agreed to pay $147 million to settle accusations by the F.T.C. that they had raised the price of generic lorazepam by 2600 percent and generic clorazepate by 3200 percent in 1998 after having obtained exclusive licensing agreements for certain ingredients.

Lorazepam is a Schedule IV drug under the Controlled Substances Act in the U.S. and internationally under the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Lorazepam is a Schedule IV drug under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act in Canada. In the United Kingdom, lorazepam is a Class C, Schedule 4 Controlled Drug under the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001.
[edit] In popular culture
Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (October 2009)

Lorazepam has been mentioned in several contemporary media in recent years, with various clinical aspects highlighted. It is seen in medical situations, such as the TV series House, MD as the drug of choice for the cessation of seizures. Usage for seizures is also depicted in the movie Saw III where “Jigsaw” is being operated on and begins to convulse: the character performing the surgery yells many times for Ativan, but discovers that none is available in the limited operating area.

Blue October mentions Lorazepam in their song “HRSA”, where it is being prescribed in a psychiatric ward for a similar use.

The dependency problem is portrayed in William Gibson’s 2007 book Spook Country, in which the character Milgrim is addicted to Ativan and the character Brown exploits Milgrim’s addiction, in order to control him, through a steady supply of Ativan and Rize (a brand of the benzodiazepine clotiazepam).

In Martin Scorsese’s recent film, The Departed, Billy Costigan–an edgy, bitter, intelligent undercover cop for the Massachusetts State Police–suffers from frequent anxiety, claims to have panic attacks, and is prescribed lorazepam by a psychiatrist who counsels both police officers and felons.

Blair Waldorf, of the CW’s TV show Gossip Girl, mentioned Lorazepam and some other drugs in the fifth episode of the first season.

In 2005, Fall Out Boy member Pete Wentz attempted suicide by overdosing on lorazepam; he included references to the episode in the songs “I’ve Got a Dark Alley and a Bad Idea That Says You Should Shut Your Mouth (Summer Song)” and “7 Minutes in Heaven (Atavan Halen)”, on the album From Under the Cork Tree.

In Season 6, Episode 2 of The Sopranos, Tony Soprano is also given Ativan for the seizure when he first awakes from his coma, and is subsequently kept in an induced coma using Ativan.

In the 2009 Broadway musical, Next to Normal, The song, “My Psychopharmacologist and I” contains the lyrics: “Ativan calms me when I see the bills/These are a few of my favourite pills”. Ativan was one of the drugs found in the cabinet in the movie “The Glass House.” Dr. Glass was abusing the medication.

In 2009, Lorazepam was said to have been adminstered to pop music icon Michael Jackson on the morning of his death by Dr. Conrad Murray as a part of a cocktail of drugs which included Valium and was said to help him wean off of his use of Propofol. Mr. Jackson’s death was attributed to an overdose of the drug Propofol and Lorazepam.

Also seen in the hit show (season 2 episode 3 red bage) The Mentalist when Agent Lisbon is acussed of murder it turns out to be her phycologist who druged her with Lorazepam so she would forget parts of the day.

Nie potrafię wyrazić swojej złości, smutku i zniecierpliwienia.

Hawajskie klimaty nie są odpowiednie na listopad. Koń ma problemy ze stawami i kłębem. Ja mam problemy ze sobą, a z pracy nie dają znaku życia. Jeżeli do jutra do południa nie odpiszą, znaczy że dupa. A właśnie teraz tak bardzo potrzebuję pracy.

Nie da się tak żyć. Trzeba coś zmienić.

Zaczynam od zmiany szkoły. Rodzice mnie zabiją (jeżeli się dowiedzą… A dowiedzą się… Kiedyś…)

I nadal przesiaduję w KFC kradnąc im neta. To jest conajmniej upokarzające.

Note to self: don’t repeat the mistakes of the past and use cheap NIC’s in a server!

Okay, we have three identical servers.  A while a go we had problems with them falling over.  It turns out the previous NM thought it was a good a idea to use sub-£50 gigabit NIC’s in a server.  Three in each along with the two on-board NIC’s bonded – why so meny, we we’re not using an y virtualisation?

Any how, these cheap NIC’s started to fail and I became Mr Popular as key file servers and DC’s would BSOD and restart midday.  Needless to say all 9 cards were removed as soon as I’d diagnosed the fault and all three servers ran fine on their single bonded channel.

So given this why did I, in my infanate wisdom, think – New virtual server, need a static IP management NIC, oh I have these spare.  You can imagine my surprise when my shiny new (okay old server rebuilt) Windows 2008 R2 Server BSOD with half a dozen key VM’s running on it.

IF YOU CAN AFFORD TO BUY A SERVER YOU CAN AFFORD A COUPLE OF HUNDRED ON A DECENT INTEL SERVER NIC!

Ok so i havent done one of these in a minute so i figured id write you ones and tell you guys whats up….
Well if you have been watching My Videos then you know whats going on with my whole NicDaniels operation with me getting shirts and stuff made….I am looking to buy some and then probably sell them for cheap cash money. so but i mean right now the products that i have now are pretty cheap if your a die hard fan of mine but if you want something abd that has nothing to do with Me I can do it…you just need to tell me exactly what you want.

but here is the link if you wish to want to buy something

The Seventh Sacrament

TYPE: Thriller

RATING: 8 / 10

REVIEW:

This was a complete new author for me and as with all new authors I was pretty skeptic.

I did buy the book after having a look at the small summary at the back and that did look pretty interesting. The book did not let me down. It seems that I do have an uncanny ability to choose books that would be great to read.

This book is fast-paced and leaves no time for you to catch your breath in a way. The story keeps bouncing from the past to the present and due to the presence of common characters at both times, it did seem a bit confusing. However, after a while, the parts start feeling distinguishable enough and then you just can’t keep the book down.

The twist at the end is a good one and that is when the past merges into the present.

It’s a well written story and I look forward to reading more from this guy.

DESCRIPTION:

‘There’s an entire underground city down there … houses and temples, entire streets.’

Giogio Bramante, a Roman archaelogy professor, was master of the hidden world beneath the earth – until the day he lost his son, Alessio, to a group of students intent on re-creating a centuries-old ritual to a long-banished god. His rage knew no bounds and, in a frenzy, he beat one of the students to death.

Released from prison fourteen years later, Giorgio is bent upon a terrifying revenge on all those he blames for the loss of his son. Inspector Leo Falcone, a member of the original invstigating team, is one of his targets.

And Nic Costa, watching Falcone move relentlessly into the man’s merciless grip, realizes the answer must lie in solving a cold case that, like the forgotten Alessio Bramante, has been regarded as dead and buried for good.

‘Hewson keeps one guessing, perplexed and horrified … Absolutely super.’ Los Angeles Times

I had another customer that had a computer that the internet stopped working after an electrical storm.  The weird thing about it is that the lights on the Ethernet plug(it’s built into the motherboard) stay lit at all times.  The way I fixed it is that I disabled the onboard NIC via the CMOS program, and put in an old Ethernet card and then loaded the drivers.  With the addon card the internet worked, but the integrated NIC won’t detect anything that’s plugged in.

Allora è proprio vero. Io stentavo a crederci.

Invece la registrazione di un dominio son suffisso .it si registra (veramente) senza fax. E senza intoppi. L’ho provato sulla mia pelle, con tempi che dir rapidi, è offendere qualcosa che davvero ora funziona alla grande. Questo dominio, infatti, ha subito un percorso di registrazione velocissimo, così articolato:

- ore 23.31 di una domenica sera, procedo tramite il sito www.tophost.it alla richiesta di registrazione del dominio.

- ore 23.42 della stessa sera arriva la prima mail di conferma del NIC, il dominio viene posto in stato “inactive” ma già assolutamente bloccato.

- ore 10,36 del mattino seguente, mail di tophost con tutte le credenziali per la configurazione e dominio già attivo.

Un misto di incredulità e soddisfazione.
(Ho deciso di servirmi del servizio TopHost dopo aver seguito questa discussione su FriendFeed http://ff.im/b7g4u)

I have just completed the switch from living in Austin, Texas for my entire life to relocating to Portland, Oregon, and I am just thrilled! This explains my recent absence from blogging. I haven’t so much had time for blogging, but I’m back now, and I’ll share a few relevant photos for good measure.

First off, the drive from Austin to Portland was incredible. One of my best friends, Nic, accompanied me (because she is awesome) and we chose to take the Pacific Coast Highway (CA-1) rather than the faster interstate, and man. I am not at all sorry. A few illustrative photos of the splendor of that drive:

Gorgeous. Totally gorgeous. And now I’m in Portland and it’s been great so far! I have great roommates, I’m looking for a job, I’m making friends and spending time with old friends I’ve never had a chance to see this much of, and generally I’m happy. I’m about to get back on the makin-stuff wagon, though I’ve been doing a lot of cooking (and neglecting to photograph it). Last night, my friend Andrew and I made a delicious rosemary pasta dish with sauteed oyster mushrooms and kale, roasted delicata squash, and toasted pine nuts. It was great! I also tried this American Parmesan called Grana, I think, that’s from Wisconsin, and I have to say it was pretty tasty, especially for the price reduction. Very sharp and fruity.

Anyhow, we did visit VooDoo Donut while Nic was here, so you can look at some pictures of food other people made:

1. Berry donut!

2. Mango Tango: mango filled with Tang on top. It rules.

AND, we carved pumpkins the day after Halloween, because we are fashionably late? Or something.

For some reason that photo looks ridiculously blurry, but you get the idea. I hope you’ve enjoyed this incredibly disjointed blog post, and I’ll get back to recipes and crafting and actual topics soon!

A network card, network adapter or NIC (network interface) is part of computer hardware designed for computers to communicate through a computer network. It provides physical access to the network environment and often provides low-level addressing system through the use of MAC addresses.

Family walking Nic to school - week 1 Melbourne

Wow! Time flies… Karen just emailed me an event to put in the calendar – Nic is graduating from primary school in two week’s time. Where did the last 6 years go? It seems time just slipped away. I was looking at his baby photos the other day (way before digital cameras and photos) and realized that we didn’t really make a good effort to slow down and do life with him. A bit too late for regrets now, sigh!

With Ethan, we seem to be doing much better. Well, all I can say now is that it’s not too late to jump in NOW and do life more togetherly from NOW onwards. Here’s hoping that we all learn to slow down and do life more! Cheers!

Disabling a network card when running sysprepping a Windows machine is easy.  Two things need to happen: 

There are reports swirling that one of the best actors of our generation, Nicholas Cage,is facing financial ruin.

Seems as though he was taken advantage of by a trusted business manager, who got 5 percent of his earnings, but took a lot more than that without Mr Cages authorization.

Many people will not be able to relate to Nic’s financial crisis, but remember, more money more problems.

Apparently, he owes the I.R.S. more than 6.6 million dollars in back taxes, and his homes in New Orleans have gone into foreclosure.

The New York Daily News, TMZ, the Las Vegas Sun and dozens of other news sources have been reporting on Cage’s financial ruin ever since he filed a $20 million lawsuit against financial manager Samuel Levin last month for sending him “down a path toward financial ruin.”

Nic was recently on the Forbes top 100 earners in the entertainment industry.

A busy star is easy to take advantage of, especially if he trust you, and I am sure Nic put a lot of faith in Samuel Levine, who seems to have taken advantage of him.

I feel for Nic,and unfortunately, I an relate to his IRS tax issues, and that I do not wish on anyone.

Everything is relative, and I hope for a greater future without jail time for Mr Cage. I used to run into him and his friends often cruising Westwood, when he was an up and coming star, and he is a cool dude.He has purchased a lot of my colleagues artwork, and has been a loyal patron of the art for many.

He deserves or respect,admiration, and compassion.

I look forward to more of  Nic Cage in the future, broke,rich, or making amends, it’s all good to me.

Click on this in-depth report on Nic’s financial crisis on E entertainment online,one of my favorites to read…

http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b148198_nicolas_cage_has_mo_money.html

Várias vezes me tenho insurgido contra as constantes alterações em matéria de legislação fiscal. Todos os anos, o CIRC, o CIRS e demais normativos legais da área fiscal sofrem alterações, quase sempre no sentido de maior complexidade e dificuldade em interpretar tais leis. O ano de 2010 será produtivo em termos alterações legislativas na área fiscal, e com as alterações profundas ocorridas na Contabilidade os códigos fiscais serão sujeitos, também, a profundas alterações.

Com a normalização contabilística no seu auge pode ser que, de uma vez por todas, as alterações legislativas em matéria fiscal sejam reduzidas drasticamente. É bom para as empresas, para as pessoas em geral, para os Contabilistas e para o Estado.

No picture. Deal with it.
The UK’s Ghosts On Pegasus Bridge post a new demo entitled, “Hindsight” on their myspace today. It’s a pretty sick song. But if you’re into harsh screaming vocals, this might not be the band for you. If you’re into a beautiful singing voice, this is definatly the band for you. Nic Matthews is great.

Catch Ghosts On Pegasus Bridge on their tour of the UK with The Arusha Accord and A Textbook Tragedy:

10 Nov 2009
Brighton @ Freebutt
11 Nov 2009
Southampton @ Joiners
12 Nov 2009
Exeter @ Cavern
13 Nov 2009
Birmingham @ Eddies
14 Nov 2009
Milton Keynes @ Crauford Arms
15 Nov 2009
Peterborough @ The Park
16 Nov 2009
Nottingham @ Rock City
17 Nov 2009
Doncaster @ Rock Bar
18 Nov 2009
Leeds @ Rio’s
20 Nov 2009
Aberdeen @ The Tunnels
21 Nov 2009
Glasgow @ Capital
22 Nov 2009
Selby @ The Riverside Bar
23 Nov 2009
Sunderland @ Independant
24 Nov 2009
Manchester @ Moho Live
25 Nov 2009
Swansea @ Sin City
26 Nov 2009
Bristal @ The Croft
27 Nov 2009
Hitchin @ Club 85
28 Nov 2009
London @ Underworld
29 Nov 2009
Reading @ Facebar

Leave your comments about the song and follow us on Twitter.

Ik ben al een tijd op zoek naar een goede commentarenreeks. Een commentaar is een boek over een bijbelboek. Bijvoorbeeld een commentaar op het evangelie naar Johannes. Deze commentaren zijn voor predikanten onmisbaar, omdat ze je in vogelvlucht laten zien wat verschillende interpretaties van een tekst zijn, wat vertaal en tekst-kritische problemen zijn, wat de historische context is van het boek, enz. enz.

En zo’n commentaar wordt over het algemeen uitgegeven in een reeks. Meerdere mensen werken mee aan verschillende boeken. Nu zijn er 66 bijbelboeken, dus over het algemeen ook in ieder geval 66 delen van zo’n reeks. Je hebt het WBC: Word Biblical Commentary en je hebt NIC: the New International Commentary. Maar echt onder de indruk van al die reeksen ben ik niet. Pas ontdekte ik een leuke website: http://www.bestcommentaries.com/ . Op deze website (ik weet trouwens nog niet hoe goed deze site is) kun je zoeken op bijbelboek en dan de beste commentaren vinden. Niet echt een reeks, dus, maar losse delen, het beste commentaar bij het beste boek. Zelf moet ik nog veel aanschaffen. Ik heb voor Johannes het WBC, voor Habakuk The Anchor Bible en voor Daniël heb ik van de week Hermeneia aangeschaft. Deze laatste reeks spreekt me erg aan. In Nederland heb je de studiebijbel, maar ik krijg niet echt een indruk over het wetenschappelijke niveau van deze reeks.

Iemand suggesties?

Oh ja, Daphne en ik zijn morgen een jaar getrouwd! Nog een fotootje van ons huwelijk: