Republic of  ZAIRE

stamp: 2 zaires

year: 1984

mammal: okapi

FDC

Two excellent gigs in Florence this week-end: the ØKAPI brilliant plunderphonic avant-beat project Live+DJ set and Ted Milton’s BLURT incredible sound universe.
Open your ears! Dig your mind! Tell a friend!

These two gigs comes in two dense days curated by Maciste at F.A.F. – Florence Art Factory, follow them here: F.A.F. Myspace.

Økapi + Blurt LIVE! Florence Art Factory 13-14 November 2009

Zapraszamy na kolejną propozycję z czytelni mrówkojada -”Gawędy o zwierzętach”  Andrzeja Trepki – polecamy zwłaszcza na długie, ciemne, chłodne, deszczowe, jesienne wieczory – świetnie sprawdza się także we wszelakich środkach komunikacji.

CIEKAWOSTKI O ZWIERZĘTACH

Co sprawia, że tygrys, który zdecydowanie nie lubi ludzkiego mięsa, staje się czasami ludojadem? Może w ciele znajduje się jakiś składnik chemiczny, który działa na zwierzę tak, jak na nas heroina? W jaki sposób pewien żółw amerykański przyczynił się do wykrycia kilku morderstw, z którymi nie mogła sobie poradzić policja? Czy to prawda, że najskuteczniejszy napój miłosny sporządza się z rogu nosorożca? Czy to możliwe, że po Afryce grasują straszliwe drapieżniki chimiset i mngwa po dziś dzień nie znane nauce? Odpowiedzi na te i dziesiątki innych podobnie intrygujących pytań znajdzie Czytelnik w książce Andrzeja Trepki, w której Autor przedstawia zdumiewające osobliwości świata zwierząt, stanowiące rezultat ewolucyjnych działań Natury w ciągu milionów lat.

"Gawędy o zwierzętach", Andrzej Trepka

Tyle możemy dowiedzieć się z ostatniej strony okładki. Ale napisana w 1988 roku książka znanego polskiego pisarza science-fiction, Andrzeja Trepki, to znacznie więcej!
“Gawędy o zwierzętach” to 256 stron pasjonującej lektury, ułożonej w stanowiących odrębną całość 41 gawęd. Każda poświęcona innemu zagadnieniu bądź zwierzakowi, z różnych grup systematycznych i różnych środowisk, a wszystko przyobleczone niezwykle wciągającą narracją, sprawiająca, że nie obcujemy z książką popularno-naukową, a zbiorem barwnych, intrygujących i zachęcających do dalszych poszukiwań opowiadań.
Autor dosłownie “gawędzi”, rzucając co raz to bardziej niesamowite historie, poparte naukową wiedzą i licznymi odwołaniami.

LAMPART-ZABÓJCA KONTRA STO MILIONÓW SZARAŃCZY

Zabieramy się zatem do lektury – każda gawęda to osobna, zamknięta całość, jedna bardziej pasjonująca od drugiej. Wszystkie łączy jedno – każda jest na swój sposób porywająca i pełna niezwykłych ciekawostek.
Wczytując się w nie po kolei, poznamy niezwykłe losy lamparcicy, mszczącej się na ludziach za zabicie młodych, dowiemy się, czy zwierzęta mogą uratować ludzi przed trzęsieniem ziemi, dowiemy się na czym polega symbioza ukwiału i błazenka oraz dlaczego pewna nowozelandzka papuga zaczęła “pożerać” owce. Poznamy także zagadkę elektrycznych ryb, dowiemy się jaki jeleń żyje tylko w zoo, bo ostatni żyjący na wolności okaz został…zjedzony, okaże się także, dlaczego większość nowozelandzkich ptaków to nieloty.
Mało? Czytamy dalej, a tam – niezwykła gawęda poświęcona szarańczy, z której dowiemy się, że tworzy ona największe stada ze wszystkich żyjących zwierząt (mogą liczyć nawet…25 bilionów owadów!!!), dowiemy się także, jak zakończył się pojedynek pędzącego pociągu i szarżującego nosorożca, jakie były losy polowania na kongijskiego pawia, dlaczego bawół afrykański jest równie groźny jak lew, czy hoacyn to gad czy ptak, kto odpowiada za księżycowe kratery na amerykańskiej prerii, czym różnią się hipopotamy karłowate od nilowych i dlaczego w te pierwsze nikt na początku nie wierzył, co kazuar ma na głowie i jacy są najlepsi tatusiowie wśród żab, poznamy też sekret tajemniczych, na poły legendarnych zwierząt Afryki oraz historię zawrotnej kariery jedwabnika.

jedno z legendarnych afrykańskich stworzeń - lew cętkowany

Nie koniec to jednak – dalej jest równie ciekawie!
Losy wielkich przedkolumbijskich torbaczy Ameryki Południowej, historie podróży wielkich ślimaków, absolutnie fenomenalne opowieści o pawianach, ukazujące te małpy w zupełnie nowym świetle (dowiemy się m.in. ile pawianów potrzeba do obsługi zwrotnicy lub opieki nad stadem owiec?), wreszcie niezwykle ciekawe acz tragiczne losy goryli. Poznamy także sekret ptaka o największych skrzydłach – albatrosa, historię okapi – najbardziej tajemniczego ssaka XX wieku, niezwykłe historie o hipopotamach, w tym dlaczego jeden z nich wdarł się do pewnego kina (niestety nie dowiemy się, na jaki film) a wreszcie – w ostatniej, niezwykle ważnej dla całej książki, gawędzie – poznamy mechanizmy wymierania gatunków – łatwiej nam będzie wówczas zrozumieć, dlaczego nie ma już dinozaurów. Niestety – dowiemy się także, ile zwierząt może wyginąć w najbliższym stuleciu i jakich zwierzaków możemy już nie zobaczyć, nigdy…

ZIEMIA, PLANETA ZWIERZĄT

Gawęda to bardzo ważna, bo wpisująca się w przenikającą całą książkę myśl – troskę o ochronę środowiska i dobro zwierząt, które najwięcej cierpienia zawsze doświadczały od człowieka.
“Gawędy…” bowiem to nie tylko zbiór pasjonujących historyjek i prawdziwa kanonada ciekawostek – to opowieść o żywych stworzeniach, ich niesamowitych losach, która pomaga nam je lepiej zrozumieć i poznać. Mimo, iz od ukazania się książki Trepki minęło już 20 lat, w wielu miejscach nadal zdumiewa ona niezwykle nowoczesnym podejściem.

Mrówkojad bardzo gorąco zachęca do lektury – obiecujemy regularnie dzielić się z Wami rozmaitymi historiami opisanymi w “Gawędach…” i na niektóre z postawionych powyżej pytań odpowiedzieć w razie, gdyby Wam się jednak do samych “Gawęd…” dotrzeć nie udało.

My znaleźliśmy je w jednym z poznańskich antykwariatów – w cenie zaledwie 8zl – i były to bardzo dobrze wydane pieniądze. Dla wszystkich zainteresowanych – książka jest do zdobycia w dobrych antykwariatach i wybranych sklepach internetowych, w cenie 5-20zl. Trzeba tylko uważać, żeby nie pomylić jej z książką o tym samym tytule, ale autorstwa Jana Żabińskiego, o której w swoim czasie również napiszemy.

Przyjemnej lektury!

In 1900, while Johnston pondered the mystery of Stanley’s  “atti”, a band of Mbuti pygmy hunters–kidnapped in the Congo Free State by a German showman– was in trouble.  The German and his men had captured the Mbuti in the forest and planned to smuggle them into Europe to display them for profit at the Paris World’s Fair. In his Sept. 1901 McClure’s article–” The Okapi: The Newly Discovered Beast Living In Central Africa”— Johnston wrote of the recovery of the Mbuti, an episode which proved to be a turning point in the discovery of the creature which had haunted Johnston’s imagination since childhood:

“…as the German impresario had fled with his dwarfs to British territory, they [the Belgian officials] asked me to rescue the little men from his clutches and send them back to their homes. This I did, and in so doing, and in leading them back to the forests where they dwelt, I obtained much information from them on the subject of the horselike animal which they called the ‘okapi.’  They described this creature as being like a zebra, but having the upper part of its body a dark brown. The feet, however, they said, had more than one hoof.”

Johnston’s painting of Semliki forest pygmies from his lavishly illustrated The Uganda Protectorate

“When I reached Belgian territory, on the west side of the Semliki River, I renewed my inquiries. The Belgian officers at once said they knew the okapi perfectly well, having frequently seen its dead body brought in by natives for eating. They informed me that the natives were very fond of wearing the more gaudy portions of its skin; and calling forward several of their native militia, they made the men show me all the bandoliers, waist belts, and other parts of their equipment made out of the striped skin of the okapi. They described the animal as a creature of the horse tribe, but with large, ass-like ears, a slender muzzle, and more than one hoof. For a time I thought I was on the track of the three-toed horse, the hipparion.”

“Provided with guides, I entered the awful depths of the Kongo forest with my expedition, accompanied also by Mr. Doggett. the naturalist attached to my staff. For several days we searched for the okapi. but in vain. We were shown its supposed tracks by the natives, but as these were footprints of a cloven-hoofed animal, while we expected to see the spoor of a horse, we believed the natives to be deceiving us, and to be merely leading us after some forest eland. The atmosphere of the forest was almost unbreathable with its Turkish-bath heat, its reeking moisture, and its powerful smell of decaying, rotting vegetation. We seemed, in fact, to be transported back to Miocene times, to an age and a climate scarcely suitable for the modern type of real humanity.”

Natural range of the okapi in Central Africa

“Severe attacks of fever prostrated not only the Europeans, but all the black men of the party, and we were obliged to give up the search and return to the grass lands with such fragments of the skin as  I had been able to purchase from the natives. Seeing my disappointment, the Belgian officers very kindly promised to use their best efforts to procure for me a perfect skin of the okapi.”

Okapi specimen secured in 1910 by the American Museum of Natural History Lang-Chapin Congo Expedition

” Some months afterwards the promise was kept by Mr. Karl Eriksson, a Swedish officer in the service of the Kongo Free State, who obtained from a native soldier the body of a recently killed okapi. He had the skin removed with much care, and sent it to me accompanied by the skull of the dead animal, and a smaller skull which he had obtained separately. The skin and skulls were forwarded to London, where they arrived after considerable delay. The British Museum entrusted the setting up of the Okapi to Mr. Rowland Ward of Piccadilly, and from the mounted skin and other data I have made the drawings which illustrate this article.”

“Before sending this skin to Europe, and while it still retained some indications of the shape of the animal, I made the colored drawing which appears as the frontispiece to this issue of McClure’s Magazine, and which will also be given in the Proceedings of the London  Zoological Society.”

“This colored drawing differs in some particulars from the appearance of the Okapi as set up by Mr. Rowland Ward, and as represented in the illustrations of the present article. Until the Okapi has been photographed alive or dead, and its exact shape in the flesh is thus known, it is difficult to say which of my two drawings is the more correct. In the first illustration, which appears as the frontispiece, I have given the creature a more horse-like build. In the sketch which accompanies this article, and which is in the main drawn from Mr. Rowland Ward’s building up of the animal from the flat skin, the shape of the body inclines a little more to the giraffe, the Okapi’s nearest ally.”

” My first examination of the skull and skin of the Okapi caused me to name it tentatively ‘Helladotherium.’ The Helladotherium was a giraffe-like animal that existed in the Tertiary Epoch in Greece, Asia Minor, and India. In India the Helladotherium attained a very great size, but the Greek specimens were not quite as large as the modern giraffe. The Helladotherium was hornless, like the Okapi, and in another point it resembled this animal, because the neck was not disproportionately long, and the fore and hind limbs were nearly equal in length. The Okapi bears on its skull remains of three horncores, once no doubt as prominent as those in the existing giraffes. The process of degeneration, however, has set in, and in the living Okapi the horn – cores have been worn down to two small knobs on the forehead, covered outwardly with little twists of hair, and one less conspicuous knob or bump just between the eyes…”

On May 7, 1901 Johnston’s two skulls and okapi skin were put on display at the meeting of the London Zoological Society. The sudden appearance of such a distinctive creature out of the dark shadows of the great Congo forest created an immediate sensation in scientific circles and in the press. Later in the year, the director of the British Museum of Natural History–Sir E.R. Lankester–proposed that the okapi be created within its own genus Okapia, with the species designation johnstoni in honor of its multi-talented discoverer.

Wall plaque erected to the memory of Sir Harry Johnston in the church of St Nicholas, Poling, West Sussex

For the rest of his life, Sir Harry Johnston was– and forever will be– synonymous with the unique and much beloved rare creature that bears his name.  He spent his later years writing sequels to the novels of Dickens.

Heute habe ich meine mum im Wohnzimmer besucht, um etwas wichtiges für morgen mit ihr abzusprechen. sie sah gerade “Panda, Gorilla & co.” auf’m Dritten (NDR). In der Serie geht es um den Zoo Berlin und den Tierpark Berlin. Ich kann gar nicht sagen, wie sehr Tiere micht berühren. Ich wollte diese Sendung gar nicht sehen, war aber wir gefesselt und habe noch lange geschaut, nachdem meine Mum schon weg war, weil sie noch einen Termin hatte.

Ich fand das heute besonders toll, weil die  Serie, die wir sonst immer schauen, “Menschen, Tiere und Doktoren” ist. In der Serie geht es um die Tierärzte und um kranke, verletzte, alte oder vernachlässigte Tiere. Ich brauche echt oft nur 5 Minuten dieser Serie sehen und heule wie ein Schloßhund. Das Schicksal von Tieren packt mich sehr. Und wenn dort eine Frau im Rollstuhl kommt, einen Korb auf dem Schoß hat in dem ihr Hund sitzt, der in der nächsten Szene eingeschläfert werden muss, dann rinnen die Tränen in Sturzbächen meine Wangen herunter.

Heute war das anders. Ich war einfach fasziniert. Da war ein Tiger-Pärchen mit ihrem Jungen. Als die Eltern sich “stritten”, legte sich das Kleine einfach in die Mitte um den Streit zu schlichten. Da war ein Okapi-Weibchen, das Besuch von einem Okapi-Männchen bekam, aber dennoch interessierter an seinem Fressen war, zum Schluss aber die “Hörner” des Männchens abgeleckt hat. Da war eine Affendame, die ein Junges hatte und ein Tierpfleger, der das Geschlecht des Kindes ersehen wollte und die beiden dann gefüttert hat. Da war ein Elefanten-Baby, das zum ersten Mal im großen Gehege war und dann auch noch zum ersten Mal schwimmen und schließlich in einer Sandkuhle das Gleichgewicht verloren hat, woraufhin 2 ältere Elefanten sich hinknieten und ihm mit dem Rüssl aufholfen. Da war ein Pelikan, der anscheinend sehr genau verstand, was ihm gesagt wurde. Da war ein Panda, der absolut süß aussah wie er sein Essen in der Hand hielt, auf dem Po saß und gesittet abgebissen hat. Es war eine Wonne für mein Herz.

Ich weiß gar nicht, wie viel Zeit ich schon damit verbracht habe, einfach nur dazusitzen und unseren Hund zu beobachten. Wir haben das Gefühl, dass sie vieles versteht, was man ihr sagt. Es gibt so viele Situationen, die man gar nicht auf Foto oder Video festhalten kann, sondern die man einfach erleben muss. Ich muss sie manchmal einfach beobachten, weil ich -wenn ich an Menschen, Tiere und Doktoren denke- einfach nicht weiß, wie lange ich noch die Möglichkeit haben werde, mich an ihrem Verhalten und ihrer Art zu erfreuen.

Ich könnte jetzt noch lange weiterschreiben, weitere Situationen aus “M, T & D” aufzählen oder berichten, wie schön es war, von Zeit zu Zeit einen Hund in meiner FSJ Einsatzstelle zu haben, aber für heute schließe ich hier mal und bin gespannt, was ihr dazu denkt. Habt ihr vielleicht auch ein Haustier und möchtet mir eine Geschichte erzählen, an der ich mich efreuen kann? Bitte tut das!

This is why I fancy the okapi:

1.) Cotton swabs are for the weak.  Okapis clean their eyelids and ears with their bristly blue tongue.  Try the okapi way.
2.) This species is closely related to the giraffe despite the familiar zebra design.  And I love some stripes.
3.)  I respect a mammal that doesn’t follow the crowd.  Okapis prefer the solitary life.  I could use more seclusion myself.  Too many New Yorkers.

Makhluk dalam legenda merupakan makhluk mitologis dan hidup dalam cerita rakyat (seringkali dikenal sebagai “makhluk ajaib” dalam buku-buku sejarah). Beberapa makhluk, seperti misalnya naga dan Griffin, memiliki asal muasal dalam mitologi tradisional mereka, dan dipercaya merupakan makhluk yang benar-benar ada. Beberapa di antaranya berdasarkan kenyataan, yang mungkin faktanya diputarbalikkan oleh kisah para pengembara; seperti misalnya “Sayuran beranak dari Tartaria”. Kisah Unicorn mungkin muncul dari cerita tentang badak yang diputarbalikkan kenyataannya.

Sebaliknya, beberapa makhluk yang keberadaannya hanya dituturkan dari mulut ke mulut, kini dicari-cari dan ditemukan sebagai makhluk yang benar-benar ada; seperti misalnya cumi-cumi raksasa. Di Afrika, penduduk pribumi Kongo bercerita kepada para pelancong Eropa tentang keberadaan binatang yang wujudnya seperti perpaduan antara zebra dan jerapah. Ketika para pelancong menganggap bahwa itu hanya cerita rakyat, pada tahun 1901, Sir Harry Johnston membawa sebuah kulit binatang yang membuktikan keberadaan makhluk tersebut, yang kini disebut Okapi.

Seringkali makhluk dalam legenda merupakan chimera, yaitu gabungan dari dua binatang atau lebih. Sebagai contoh: Centaurus adalah gabungan antara manusia dengan kuda, Minotaurus adalah gabungan antara manusia dengan banteng, dan puteri duyung, merupakan gabungan antara wanita dengan ikan.

Beberapa makhluk dalam legenda diyakini masih ada sampai sekarang, seperti misalnya Bigfoot, Mothman, Chupacabras, dan monster Loch Ness. Dalam perkembangan zaman, makhluk-makhluk dalam legenda dipakai sebagai lambang keluarga dan dekorasi bangunan. Makhluk-makhluk ini juga diadaptasi dalam budaya populer, terlebih dalam permainan, seperti misalnya Dungeons & Dragons atau Everquest, film-film Hollywood dan band power metal (seperti misalnya DragonForce). ^Wikipedia

Bigfoot

Mothman

Chupacabras

Loch Ness

Yeti

.

“…und als Gott am siebten Tag fertig war mit der Schöpfung, dachte er: nach so viel getaner Arbeit sollte man ein wenig ruhen. Doch da bemerkte er, das er vom ganzen Schöpfen doch tatsächlich noch ein paar Teile übrig hatte. Ein wenig hiervon, ein wenig davon… Und aus Spaß nahm er all die übrig gebliebenen Teile und fügte sie zusammen.

Doch das Ergebnis gab ihm irgendwie zu denken. Es sah zwar ganz lustig aus, doch mit dem Rest seiner Schöpfung wollte es irgendwie nicht zusammen passen. Und so richtig repräsentativ kam es auch nicht daher.

Und Gott begann, sich zu schämen. Und da dachte er, das ihm doch nicht ganz lieb bei dem Gedanken wäre, jemand würde erblicken, was er da patchworkmäßig zusammengestrickt hatte.

Und so nahm er das Wesen und versteckte es in einem Wald. In einer Gegend, von er er dachte, dort würde sicher eh nie jemand suchen…”

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Doch für immer konnte es ja nicht versteckt bleiben!

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Hyäne oder Zebra?

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Giraffe oder Pferd?

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...Seepferdchen?

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Hmmmm...

La sezione elettronica del “Trofeo Insound 2009″ è stata vinta da Okapi. Complimentissimi a Okapi e alla sua musica (ovvero al suo opificio di musica potenziale effettivamente realizzata)!

Trofeo Insound 2009 from okapi on Vimeo.

nodino,nodino, nòdo,nodo, nodosità,nodosita, nodóso,nodoso, nodrire,nodrire, nòdulo,nodulo, noètica,noetica, noètico,noetico, Noginskian,noginskian, nói,noi, nòia,noia, noialtri o nói altri,noialtri_o_noi_altri, noióso,noioso, noisette,noisette, nolano,nolano, noleggiante,noleggiante, noleggiare,noleggiare, noleggiatóre,noleggiatore, noléggio,noleggio, nolènte,nolente, noli me tangere,noli_me_tangere, nòlo,nolo, nolontà,nolonta, nòma,noma, Nomada,nomada, nòmade,nomade, nomadismo,nomadismo, nomarca,nomarca, nomare,nomare, nóme,nome, nomèa,nomea, no-men,no_men, nomenclatóre,nomenclatore, nomenclatura,nomenclatura, nomenklatura,nomenklatura, Nomeus,nomeus, nomia,_nomia, nòmico,_nomico, nomìgnolo,nomignolo, nòmina,nomina, nomina arcaria,nomina_arcaria, nominale,nominale, nominalismo,nominalismo, nominalista,nominalista, nominalìstico,nominalistico, nominanza,nominanza, nominare,nominare, nomina sacra,nomina_sacra, nominataménte,nominatamente, nomination,nomination, nominatività,nominativita, nominativo,nominativo, nominato,nominato, nominatóre,nominatore, nomisma,nomisma, nomo-,nomo_, nomo,_nomo, nòmo (antico Egitto),nomo1, nòmo (musica greca),nomo2, nomocànone,nomocanone, nomofìlace,nomofilace, nomofillo,nomofillo, nomografìa,nomografia, nomogramma,nomogramma, nomologìa,nomologia, nomos,nomos, nomotèta,nomoteta, nomotètico,nomotetico, nón,nonyy, nòna (sostantivo),nona1, nòna (musica),nona2, nonagenàrio,nonagenario, nonagèsimo,nonagesimo, nón aggressióne,non_aggressione, nón allineaménto,non_allineamento, nón all’órdine,non_allordine, nón belligeranza,non_belligeranza, nonché,noncheyy, nonconformista,nonconformista, noncurante,noncurante, noncuranza,noncuranza, nón dentellati,non_dentellati, nondiméno o nón di méno,nondimeno_o_non_di_meno, nón dovérsi procèdere,non_doversi_procedere, nòne (calendario romano),none1, nòne (avverbio),none2, nón èssere,non_essere, nonétto,nonetto, non expedit,non_expedit, non-fiction,non_fiction, nón intervènto,non_intervento, nón io,non_io, nònio,nonio, nonjurors,nonjurors, nón linearità,non_linearita, non liquere,non_liquere, nón luògo a procédere,non_luogo_a_procedere, nón menzióne,non_menzione, nón metallo,non_metallo, nònna,nonna, nonnismo,nonnismo, nònno,nonno, nonnòtto,nonnotto, nonnulla,nonnulla, nòno,nono, nonostante,nonostanteyy, Nón-Pentalofodónti,non_pentalofodonti, nonpertanto,nonpertantoyy, nón pesare,non_pesare, non plus ultra,non_plus_ultra, nón proliferazióne,non_proliferazione, nonsènso o nón sènso,nonsenso_o_non_senso, nón so ché,non_so_che, non stop,non_stop, nón ti scordàr di mé,non_ti_scordar_di_me, nontronite,nontronite, no\f12~n\f0~ udènte,non_udente, nònuplo,nonuplo, nón uso,non_uso, nón violènto,non_violento, nón violènza,non_violenza, noologìa,noologia, noològico,noologico, Nopalea,nopalea, NOR,nor, noradrenalina,noradrenalina, noral,noral, norbergite,norbergite, norcinerìa,norcineria, norcino,norcino, nord-,nord_, nòrd,nord, nordafricano,nordafricano, nordamericano,nordamericano, nordenskiöldite,nordenskioldite, nòrd-èst,nord_est, nordeuropèo,nordeuropeo, nòrdico,nordico, nordista,nordista, nòrd-òvest,nord_ovest, nòria,noria, nòrico,norico, norite,norite, norito,norito, nòrma,norma, Norma,norma_2, normale,normale, normalista,normalista, normalità,normalita, normalizzare,normalizzare, normalizzazióne,normalizzazione, normanno,normanno, normativismo,normativismo, normativo,normativo, normato,normato, normazióne,normazione, normo-,normo_, normoblasto,normoblasto, normògrafo,normografo, normotipo,normotipo, norrèno,norreno, northùmbrico,northumbrico, norvegése,norvegese, nòsco,nosco, noseana,noseana, Nosema,nosema, nosemìasi,nosemiasi, noso-,noso_, nosocomiale,nosocomiale, nosocòmio,nosocomio, nosofobìa,nosofobia, nosologìa,nosologia, nosològico,nosologico, nossalità,nossalita, nossignóre,nossignore, nostalgìa,nostalgia, nostàlgico,nostalgico, Nostoc,nostoc, nostrale,nostrale, nostrano,nostrano, nostràtico,nostratico, nòstro,nostro, nòstro cónto,nostro_conto, nostròmo,nostromo, nòta,nota, notabène o nòta bène,notabene_o_nota_bene, notàbile,notabile, notabilità,notabilita, Notacantifórmi,notacantiformi, notàio,notaio, notare\f8~1\f0~,notare1, notarésco,notaresco, notarìa,notaria, notariato,notariato, notarile,notarile, Notaspidèi,notaspidei, notazióne,notazione, nòtes,notes, notévole,notevoleyy, notìdano,notidano, notìfica,notifica, notificando,notificando, notificare,notificare, notificazióne,notificazione, notina,notina, notista,notista, notitia,notitia, notizia,notizia, notiziario,notiziario, noto-,noto_, nòto (aggettivo),noto1, nòto (sostantivo),noto2, notocòrda,notocorda, Notocordati,notocordati, Notodelfiòidi,notodelfioidi, Notodòntidi,notodontidi, notogèa,notogea, Notomys,notomys, Notonèttidi,notonettidi, notopòdio,notopodio, notorietà,notorieta, notòrio,notorio, notoritte,notoritte, Notosàuri,notosauri, Notostìgmati,notostigmati, Notòstraci,notostraci, Notòtteri,nototteri, nottambulismo,nottambulismo, nottàmbulo,nottambulo, nottata,nottata, nòtte,notte, nottetèmpo,nottetempo, Nottiliònidi,nottilionidi, nottilucènte,nottilucente, nottìvago,nottivago, nòttola,nottola, nottolino,nottolino, nottovisióne,nottovisione, nottovisóre,nottovisore, Nottùidi,nottuidi, notturlàbio,notturlabio, notturno,notturno, nòtula,notula, Notungulati,notungulati, not weight,not_weight, noùmeno,noumeno, nouvelle vague,nouvelle_vague, nova,nova, novale,novale, novanta,novanta, novantamila,novantamila, novantènne,novantenne, novantènnio,novantennio, novantèsimo,novantesimo, novantina,novantina, novantuno,novantuno, novare,novare, novarése,novarese, novatóre,novatore, nová vlna,nova_vlna, novazióne,novazione, nòve,nove, novecentésco,novecentesco, novecentèsimo,novecentesimo, novecentismo,novecentismo, novecentista,novecentista, novecentìstico,novecentistico, novecènto,novecento, novecentomila,novecentomila, novèlla,novella, novellame,novellame, novellare,novellare, novellata,novellata, novellatóre,novellatore, novellétta,novelletta, novellière,novelliere, novellino,novellino, novellista,novellista, novellìstica,novellistica, novèllo,novello, novelty,novelty, novèmbre,novembre, novembrino,novembrino, novemila,novemila, novèna,novena, novenàrio,novenario, novendiale,novendiale, novennale,novennale, novènne,novenne, novènnio,novennio, noverare,noverare, novèrca,noverca, nòvero,novero, novicòrdo,novicordo, novigildo,novigildo, novilùnio,novilunio, novìssimo,novissimo, novità,novita, noviziale,noviziale, noviziato,noviziato, novìzio,novizio, novizzo,novizzo, nòvo,novo, novobiocina,novobiocina, novocaina,novocaina, novòide,novoide, novolacca,novolacca, nozióne,nozione, nozionismo,nozionismo, nozionista,nozionista, nozionìstico,nozionistico, nòzze,nozze, nt,nt, nu,nu, nuance,nuance, nube,nube, nubècola,nubecola, nubiano,nubiano, nubìfero,nubifero, nubifràgio,nubifragio, nubilato,nubilato, nùbile,nubile, nùbilo,nubilo, nubilóso,nubiloso, nuca,nuca, nucale,nucale, nucleare,nucleare, nuclearista,nuclearista, nuclèico o nucleìnico,nucleico_o_nucleinico, nucleizzazióne o nucleazione,nucleizzazione_o_nucleazione, nùcleo,nucleo, nucleòfilo,nucleofilo, Nucleolitòidi,nucleolitoidi, nuclèolo,nucleolo, nucleóne,nucleone, nucleoproteina,nucleoproteina, nucleoprotide,nucleoprotide, nucleoside,nucleoside, nucleosìntesi,nucleosintesi, nucleosòma,nucleosoma, nucleotide,nucleotide, nuclide,nuclide, nùcula o nùcola,nucula_o_nucola, Nuculàcei,nuculacei, nuculànio,nuculanio, Nucùlidi,nuculidi, nudare,nudare, Nudi,nudi, Nudibranchi,nudibranchi, nudismo,nudismo, nudista,nudista, nudità,nudita, nudo,nudo, nudrire,nudrire, nugae,nugae, nùgolo,nugolo, nulla,nulla, nulladiméno,nulladimeno, nullàggine,nullaggine, nullaòsta o nulla òsta,nullaosta_o_nulla_osta, nullatenènte,nullatenente, nullatenènza,nullatenenza, nulle terre sans seigneur,nulle_terre_sans_seigneur, nullificare,nullificare, nullìpara,nullipara, nulliparità,nulliparita, nullismo,nullismo, nullisomìa,nullisomia, nullità,nullita, nullo,nullo, nume,nume, numen,numen, numeràbile,numerabile, numerale,numerale, numerare,numerare, numeràrio,numerario, numerato,numerato, numeratóre,numeratore, numerazióne,numerazione, numèrico,numerico, nùmero,numero, numerologìa,numerologia, numerosità,numerosita, numeróso,numeroso, numerus,numerus, nùmida (aggettivo),numida1, nùmida (zoologia),numida2, numìdico,numidico, Numìdidi,numididi, numinosità,numinosita, numinóso,numinoso, numismàtica,numismatica, numismàtico,numismatico, nummo,nummo, nummulària,nummularia, nummulàrio,nummulario, nummulite,nummulite, Nummulìtico,nummulitico, Nummulìtidi,nummulitidi, nunatàk,nunatak, nunciare,nunciare, nuncupativo,nuncupativo, nuncupazióne,nuncupazione, nundinale,nundinale, nùndine,nundine, nuntiatio novi operis,nuntiatio_novi_operis, nunziare,nunziare, nunziatura,nunziatura, nùnzio,nunzio, nuòcere,nuocere, nuòra,nuora, nuotare,nuotare, nuotata,nuotata, nuotatóre,nuotatore, nuòto,nuoto, nuòto sincronizzato,nuoto_sincronizzato, nuòva,nuovayy, nuòva teologìa,nuova_teologia, nuòvo,nuovoyy, Nuphar,nuphar, nuraghe,nuraghe, nuràgico,nuragico, nuragus,nuragus, nuremberg,nuremberg, nurritura,nurritura, nurse,nurse, nursery,nursery, nutante,nutante, nutazióne,nutazione, nùtria,nutria, nutricare,nutricare, nutrice,nutrice, nutriènte,nutriente, nutriménto,nutrimento, nutrire,nutrire, nutritivo,nutritivo, nutrito,nutrito, nutrizionale,nutrizionale, nutrizióne,nutrizione, nuvistóre,nuvistore, nùvola,nuvola, nuvolàglia,nuvolaglia, nùvolo,nuvolo, nuvolosità,nuvolosita, nuvolóso,nuvoloso, nuziale,nuziale, nuzialità,nuzialita, nyala,nyala, Nyamwezi,nyamwezi, Nyctereutes,nyctereutes, nylon,nylon, Nymphula,nymphula, o (lettera dell’alfabeto),oyy, o (congiunzione),o1, o (esclamazione),o2, o (esclamazione toscana),o3, oaks,oaks, oàngio,oangio, òasi,oasi, obbediènza,obbedienza, obbligare,obbligare, obbligato,obbligato, obbligatorietà,obbligatorieta, obbligatòrio,obbligatorio, obbligazionàrio,obbligazionario, obbligazióne,obbligazione, obbligazionista,obbligazionista, òbbligo,obbligo, obbròbrio,obbrobrio, obbrobrióso,obbrobrioso, obcònico,obconico, obcordato,obcordato, obduzióne,obduzione, obedire,obedire, Obelia,obelia, obelisco,obelisco, òbelo,obelo, oberare,oberare, oberato,oberato, obesità,obesita, obèso,obeso, òbice,obice, obiettare,obiettare, obiettivare od obbiettivare,obiettivare_od_obbiettivare, obiettività od obbiettività,obiettivita_od_obbiettivita, obiettivo od obbiettivo,obiettivo_od_obbiettivo, obiètto,obietto, obiettóre,obiettore, obiezióne,obiezione, òbito,obito, obitòrio,obitorio, obituàrio,obituario, oblata,oblata, oblato,oblato, oblatóre,oblatore, oblazióne,oblazione, obliare,obliare, obligare,obligare, oblìo,oblio, oblióso,oblioso, obliquare,obliquare, obliquità,obliquita, oblìquo,obliquo, obliterare,obliterare, obliteratóre,obliteratore, obliterazióne,obliterazione, oblivióne,oblivione, oblivióso,oblivioso, oblò,oblo, oblomovismo,oblomovismo, oblungo,oblungo, obnubilare,obnubilare, obnubilazióne,obnubilazione, O.B.O.,o_b_o_, òboe,oboe, oboista,oboista, Obolèllidi,obolellidi, òbolo,obolo, Obolus,obolus, obovato,obovato, obrogazióne,obrogazione, obrok,obrok, ob\f7~sc\f0~ina,obscina, obsequium,obsequium, obsolescènte,obsolescente, obsolescènza,obsolescenza, obsolèto,obsoleto, obumbrare,obumbrare, obversióne,obversione, oc,oc, O.C.,o_c_, òca,oca, ocàggine,ocaggine, ocarina,ocarina, òcca,occa, occamismo,occamismo, occamista,occamista, occasionale,occasionale, occasionalismo,occasionalismo, occasionare,occasionare, occasióne,occasione, occaso,occaso, occhiàccio,occhiaccio, occhiadino,occhiadino, occhiàia,occhiaia, occhialàio,occhialaio, occhiale,occhiale, occhialerìa,occhialeria, occhialétto,occhialetto, occhiali,occhiali, occhialino,occhialino, occhialóne,occhialone, occhialuto,occhialuto, occhiata (sostantivo),occhiata1, occhiata (zoologia),occhiata2, occhiato,occhiato, occhiatura,occhiatura, occhicerùleo,occhiceruleo, occhieggiare,occhieggiare, occhiellatrice,occhiellatrice, occhiellatura,occhiellatura, occhièllo,occhiello, occhiétto,occhietto, òcchio,occhio, occhiocòtto,occhiocotto, òcchio di bue,occhio_di_bue, òcchio di falco,occhio_di_falco, òcchio di gatto (mineralogia),occhio_di_gatto, òcchio di gatto (zoologia),occhio_di_gatto_1, òcchio di pavóne,occhio_di_pavone, òcchio di tigre,occhio_di_tigre, occhiolino,occhiolino, occhióne,occhione, òcchio spinóso,occhio_spinoso, occhiuto,occhiuto, occidentale,occidentale, occidentalista,occidentalista, occidentalìstico,occidentalistico, occidentalizzare,occidentalizzare, occidènte,occidente, occìduo,occiduo, occipitale,occipitale, occipitalizzazióne,occipitalizzazione, occìpite,occipite, occìpito-atlantoidèo,occipito_atlantoideo, occìpito-frontale,occipito_frontale, occìpito-odontoidèo,occipito_odontoideo, occitànico,occitanico, occlùdere,occludere, occlusióne,occlusione, occlusivo,occlusivo, occorrèndo,occorrendo, occorrènte,occorrente, occorrènza,occorrenza, occórrere,occorrere, occórso (participio passato),occorso1, occórso (sostantivo),occorso2, occultaménto,occultamento, occultare,occultare, occultazióne,occultazione, occultismo,occultismo, occultista,occultista, occultìstico,occultistico, occulto,occulto, occupare,occupare, occupato,occupato, occupazionale,occupazionale, occupazióne,occupazione, oceaniano,oceaniano, oceànico,oceanico, oceanino,oceanino, oceanite,oceanite, oceanizzazióne,oceanizzazione, ocèano,oceano, oceanografìa,oceanografia, oceanogràfico,oceanografico, oceanògrafo,oceanografo, oceanologìa,oceanologia, ocèllo,ocello, ocelot,ocelot, ochétta,ochetta, Ochotona,ochotona, Ochroma,ochroma, Ocipòdidi,ocipodidi, oclocràtico,oclocratico, oclocrazìa,oclocrazia, Ocnerodrìlidi,ocnerodrilidi, Ocotea,ocotea, Ocotònidi,ocotonidi, òcra,ocra, ocràceo,ocraceo, òcrea,ocrea, ocronòsi,ocronosi, octa-,octa_, Octanèmidi,octanemidi, Octodòntidi,octodontidi, oculare,oculare, oculatézza,oculatezza, oculato,oculato, oculista,oculista, oculìstica,oculistica, oculìstico,oculistico, òculo,oculo, oculocardìaco,oculocardiaco, oculomotóre,oculomotore, oculomozióne,oculomozione, Ocymum,ocymum, odalisca,odalisca, òde,ode, odèon,odeon, odepòrico,odeporico, odiare,odiare, odièrno,odierno, odinia,_odinia, odino-,odino_, odinofagìa,odinofagia, òdio,odio, odiosamato,odiosamato, odiosità,odiosita, odióso,odioso, odo-,odo_, Odobènidi,odobenidi, Odocoileini,odocoileini, Odocoileus,odocoileus, odògrafo,odografo, odòmetro,odometro, Odonati,odonati, Odonatòtteri,odonatotteri, odonomàstica,odonomastica, odontalgìa,odontalgia, odontàlgico,odontalgico, Odontaspìdidi,odontaspididi, Odontaspis,odontaspis, odonte,_odonte, Odontites,odontites, odonto- o -odonto,odonto__o__odonto, odontoblàstico,odontoblastico, odontoblasto,odontoblasto, Odontocèti,odontoceti, Odontoglossum,odontoglossum, Odontognati,odontognati, odontoiatra,odontoiatra, odontoiatrìa,odontoiatria, odontoiàtrico,odontoiatrico, odontòide,odontoide, odontolite,odontolite, odontòma,odontoma, odontòmetro,odontometro, Odontoplèuridi,odontopleuridi, Odontoptèrigi,odontopterigi, Odontostomàtidi,odontostomatidi, odontotècnica,odontotecnica, odontotècnico,odontotecnico, odorare,odorare, odorato,odorato, odóre,odore, odorìfero,odorifero, odorino,odorino, odorizzazióne,odorizzazione, odoróso,odoroso, odoscòpio,odoscopio, oècio,oecio, oecus,oecus, Oedogonium,oedogonium, Oenothera,oenothera, oersted,oersted, Ofeliìdi,ofeliidi, ofelimità,ofelimita, ofèlimo,ofelimo, off,off, òffa,offa, off-Broadway,off_broadway, offèlla,offella, offellière,offelliere, offèndere,offendere, offensiva,offensiva, offensivo,offensivo, offensóre,offensore, offerènte,offerente, offèrta,offerta, offèrto,offerto, offertòrio,offertorio, offésa,offesa, offéso,offeso, officia coniugalia,officia_coniugalia, officiale,officiale, officia palatina,officia_palatina, officiare,officiare, officina,officina, officinale,officinale, officióso,officioso, officium,officium, offlap,offlap, off limits,off_limits, off line,off_line, off-off-Broadway,off_off_broadway, offretite,offretite, offrire,offrire, offset,offset, offshore,offshore, offside,offside, offuscare,offuscare, ofìasi,ofiasi, oficlèide,oficleide, Ofìctidi,ofictidi, Ofiderpetotontidèe,ofiderpetotontidee, Ofidi,ofidi, Ofìdidi,ofididi, ofìdio,ofidio, ofio-,ofio_, Ofiocefàlidi,ofiocefalidi, Ofiocistòidi,ofiocistoidi, Ofioglossàcee,ofioglossacee, ofiolite,ofiolite, Ofiomixini,ofiomixini, ofioplùteo,ofiopluteo, ofiti,ofiti, ofìtico,ofitico, Ofiùchidi,ofiuchidi, Ofiuco,ofiuco, ofiura,ofiura, Ofiure,ofiure, ofiùride,ofiuride, Ofiuroidèi,ofiuroidei, oftalmìa,oftalmia, oftàlmico,oftalmico, oftalmo- od -oftalmo,oftalmo__od__oftalmo, oftalmoblenorrèa,oftalmoblenorrea, oftalmodinamometrìa,oftalmodinamometria, oftalmologìa,oftalmologia, oftalmometrìa,oftalmometria, oftalmòmetro,oftalmometro, oftalmoplegìa,oftalmoplegia, oftalmoptòsi,oftalmoptosi, oftalmoscopìa,oftalmoscopia, oftalmoscòpio,oftalmoscopio, ogàmico,ogamico, oggettità,oggettita, oggettivare,oggettivare, oggettivazióne,oggettivazione, oggettivismo,oggettivismo, oggettivista,oggettivista, oggettività,oggettivita, oggettivo,oggettivo, oggètto,oggetto, oggettuale,oggettuale, òggi,oggiyy, oggidì,oggidiyy, oggigiórno,oggigiornoyy, oggimài,oggimaiyy, ogiva,ogiva, ogivale,ogivale, ogliaròla,ogliarola, ogliastra,ogliastra, ógni,ogniyy, ognintórno,ognintornoyy, ogniqualvòlta,ogniqualvoltayy, ognitèmpo,ognitempoyy, ognóra,ognorayy, ognuno,ognunoyy, òh,oh, ohé,ohe, òhi,ohi, ohibò,ohibo, ohimè,ohime, ohm,ohm, ohmal,ohmal, òhmico,ohmico, òhmmetro,ohmmetro, òico,_oico, òide,_oide, oìdio,oidio, oidiomicòsi,oidiomicosi, oil,oil, oinochóe,oinochoe, oitànico,oitanico, Oithona,oithona, o.k.,o_k_, Oka (geologia),oka, okapi,okapi, okay,okay, okimono,okimono, okugaki,okugaki, olà,ola, olanda,olanda, olandése,olandese, Olasteròidi od Olasteroidèi,olasteroidi_od_olasteroidei, oldhamite,oldhamite, olé,ole, Olea,olea, Oleàcee,oleacee, oleandomicina,oleandomicina, oleandro,oleandro, oleare,oleare, oleàrio,oleario, oleato,oleato, olecrànico,olecranico, olècrano,olecrano, Olectipòidi od Olectipoidèi,olectipoidi_od_olectipoidei, olefina,olefina, olei- od oleo-,olei__od_oleo_, olèico,oleico, oleicoltóre,oleicoltore, oleicoltura,oleicoltura, oleìfero,oleifero, oleifìcio,oleificio, oleina,oleina, Olenekian,olenekian, Olenellini,olenellini, olènte,olente, oleobromìa,oleobromia, oleocellòsi,oleocellosi, oleodinàmico,oleodinamico, oleodótto,oleodotto, oleoestrattóre,oleoestrattore, oleografìa,oleografia, oleogràfico,oleografico, oleòlito,oleolito, oleòmetro,oleometro, oleomotóre,oleomotore, oleopneumàtico,oleopneumatico, oleorèsina,oleoresina, oleosità,oleosita, oleóso,oleoso, oleum,oleum, olezzare,olezzare, olézzo,olezzo, olfattivo,olfattivo, olfatto,olfatto, olfattometrìa,olfattometria, olfattòrio,olfattorio, oliare,oliare, oliàrio,oliario, oliato,oliato, oliatóre,oliatore, oliatura,oliatura, olìbano,olibano, olièra,oliera, olifante,olifante, oligarca,oligarca, oligarchìa,oligarchia, oligàrchico,oligarchico, oligo-,oligo_, oligoalino,oligoalino, Oligocène,oligocene, Oligochèti,oligocheti, oligocitemìa,oligocitemia, oligoclàsio,oligoclasio, oligocrazìa,oligocrazia, oligodendroglìa,oligodendroglia, oligodendroglìoma,oligodendroglioma, oligoeleménto,oligoelemento, oligoencefalìa,oligoencefalia, Oligoentòmati,oligoentomati, oligofrenìa,oligofrenia, oligoidràmnio,oligoidramnio, oligolecìtico,oligolecitico, oligomenorrèa,oligomenorrea, oligòmero,oligomero, oligominerale,oligominerale, oligomìttico,oligomittico, oligopòlio,oligopolio, oligopolista,oligopolista, oligopolòide,oligopoloide, oligopsònio,oligopsonio, oligopsonista,oligopsonista, oligosaccàride,oligosaccaride, oligospermìa,oligospermia, Oligotrìchidi,oligotrichidi, oligùria,oliguria, olimpìaco,olimpiaco, olimpìade,olimpiade, olìmpico,olimpico, olìmpio,olimpio, olimpiònico,olimpionico, olingo,olingo, òlio,olio, olire,olire, olismo,olismo, olìstico,olistico, olistolite,olistolite, olistostròma,olistostroma, oliva o uliva,oliva_o_uliva, olivàceo,olivaceo, olivagno,olivagno, olivàio o ulivàio,olivaio_o_ulivaio, olivastro (aggettivo),olivastro1, olivastro (botanica),olivastro2, olivèlla o ulivèlla,olivella_o_ulivella, olivenite,olivenite, olivetano,olivetano, olivéto o ulivéto,oliveto_o_uliveto, olivétta o ulivétta,olivetta_o_ulivetta, olivicoltura o ulivicoltura,olivicoltura_o_ulivicoltura, olivigno o ulivigno,olivigno_o_ulivigno, olivina,olivina, olivo o ulivo,olivo_o_ulivo, òlla,olla, olla podrida,olla_podrida, ollare,ollare, Olmàcee,olmacee, olmaria,olmaria, olméto,olmeto, òlmio,olmio, ólmo,olmo, olo-,olo_, òlo,_olo1 _olo2, oloàndrico,oloandrico, oloàrtico,oloartico, Olobasidiomicèti,olobasidiomiceti, oloblasto,oloblasto, olocàusto,olocausto, Olocèfali,olocefali, Olocèli,oloceli, Olocène,olocene, olocènico,olocenico, Olocèntridi,olocentridi, olocristallino,olocristallino, oloèdrico,oloedrico, oloenzima,oloenzima, Olofilloforèe,olofilloforee, olofràstico,olofrastico, ologamìa,ologamia, ologènesi,ologenesi, ologenètico,ologenetico, ologènico,ologenico, ologenismo,ologenismo, ologìnico,ologinico, Ologòni,ologoni, olografìa,olografia, ològrafo,olografo, ologramma,ologramma, olometàbolo,olometabolo, olomorfismo,olomorfismo, olomòrfo,olomorfo, olóna,olona, olònomo,olonomo, oloparassitìsmo,oloparassitismo, olóre,olore, oloróso,oloroso, olosérico,oloserico, Olòstei,olostei, olostèrico,olosterico, olòstomo,olostomo, Olotiroidèi,olotiroidei, Olotrìchidi,olotrichidi, olotùria,oloturia, Oloturoidèi,oloturoidei, òlpe,olpe, Olpidiàcee,olpidiacee, Olpidium,olpidium, oltana,oltana, oltracciò,oltraccio, oltracotante,oltracotante, oltracotanza,oltracotanza, oltraggiare,oltraggiare, oltràggio,oltraggio, oltraggióso,oltraggioso, oltralpe od oltr’alpe,oltralpe_od_oltralpe, oltramontano,oltramontano, oltranza,oltranza, oltranzismo,oltranzismo, oltranzista,oltranzista, oltrarsi,oltrarsi, oltre- od oltra-,oltre__od_oltra_, óltre,oltreyy, oltreché od óltre che,oltreche_od_oltre_che, oltrecortina,oltrecortina, oltremànica,oltremanica, oltremare,oltremare, oltremarino,oltremarino, oltremisura od óltre misura,oltremisura_od_oltre_misura, oltremòdo,oltremodo, oltremondano,oltremondano, oltremónti od oltremónte,oltremonti_od_oltremonte, oltrenaturale,oltrenaturale, oltreocèano,oltreoceano, oltrepassare,oltrepassare, oltretómba,oltretomba, oltreumano,oltreumano, olynthus,olynthus, òma,_oma, omàccio,omaccio, omaggiare,omaggiare, omàggio,omaggio, omài,omai, omalòpside,omalopside, Omaloràgidi,omaloragidi, Omalozòi,omalozoi, omarino,omarino, omaso,omaso, omatropina,omatropina, ombelicale,ombelicale, ombelicato,ombelicato, ombelico,ombelico, ómbra,ombra, ombrare,ombrare, ombratura,ombratura, ombreggiare,ombreggiare, ombreggiato,ombreggiato, ombreggiatura,ombreggiatura, ombrèlla,ombrella, ombrellàio,ombrellaio, Ombrellìfere,ombrellifere, ombrellino,ombrellino, ombrèllo,ombrello, ombrellóne,ombrellone, ombrétto,ombretto, ombrìa,ombria, ombrina,ombrina, ombrinale,ombrinale, ombròfilo,ombrofilo, ombrosità,ombrosita, ombróso,ombroso, ombudsman,ombudsman, omèga,omega, Omega, nebulosa a-,omega_nebulosa_a_, omèi,omei, omelette,omelette, omelìa,omelia, omelista,omelista, omentale,omentale, oménto,omento, omentopessìa,omentopessia, omeo-,omeo_, omeoblàstico,omeoblastico, omeocitostasi,omeocitostasi, omeoclamidato,omeoclamidato, omeocromìa,omeocromia, omeomerìa,omeomeria, omeomorfismo,omeomorfismo, omeomòrfo,omeomorfo, omeopatìa,omeopatia, omeopàtico,omeopatico, omeopolare,omeopolare, omeopòlio,omeopolio, omeopsònio,omeopsonio, omeostasi,omeostasi, omeostàtico,omeostatico, omeòstato,omeostato, omeotelèuto,omeoteleuto, omeotermìa,omeotermia, omeotèrmo,omeotermo, omerale,omerale, omèrico,omerico, òmero od ómero,omero_od_omero, omertà,omerta, omésso,omesso, ométtere,omettere, ométto,ometto, omeusiani od omoiusiani,omeusiani_od_omoiusiani, omfacite,omfacite, omiciàttolo od omicciàttolo,omiciattolo_od_omicciattolo, omicida,omicida, omicìdio,omicidio, òmicron,omicron, omilètica,omiletica, omilètico,omiletico, omiliàrio,omiliario, ominazióne,ominazione, omino,omino, ominóso,ominoso, omissióne,omissione, omissis,omissis, ommatìdio,ommatidio, omnadina,omnadina, òmnibus,omnibus, òmnium,omnium, omo-,omo_, omoallèle,omoallele, Omocèli,omoceli, omocèntrico,omocentrico, omocèrco,omocerco, omocinètico,omocinetico, omocisteina,omocisteina, omocistinùria,omocistinuria, omoclamidato,omoclamidato, omoclinale,omoclinale, omodónte,omodonte, omofagìa,omofagia, omofilìa,omofilia, omofìtico,omofitico, omofocale,omofocale, omofonìa,omofonia, omofònico,omofonico, omòfono,omofono, omofòrio,omoforio, omogamìa,omogamia, omogeneità,omogeneita, omogeneizzare,omogeneizzare, omogeneizzato,omogeneizzato, omogeneizzatóre,omogeneizzatore, omogeneizzazióne,omogeneizzazione, omogèneo,omogeneo, omogenizzare,omogenizzare, omogentisìnico,omogentisinico, omografìa,omografia, omogràfico,omografico, omògrafo,omografo, omoioidèo,omoioideo, omoiologìa,omoiologia, omoiòlogo,omoiologo, Omoiostelèi,omoiostelei, omolaterale,omolaterale, omologare,omologare, omologazióne,omologazione, omologìa,omologia, omològico,omologico, omòlogo,omologo, omòmero,omomero, omomorfismo,omomorfismo, omomòrfo,omomorfo, omomorfòsi,omomorfosi, Omonèuri,omoneuri, omonimìa,omonimia, omònimo,omonimo, omònomo,omonomo, omopàusa,omopausa, omoplata,omoplata, Omòpodi,omopodi, omopolare,omopolare, omopolimerizzazióne,omopolimerizzazione, omopolìmero,omopolimero, omorgànico,omorganico, omoritmìa,omoritmia, Omoscleròfore,omosclerofore, omoserina,omoserina, omosessuale,omosessuale, omosessualità,omosessualita, omosfèra,omosfera, omosista,omosista, Omostelèi,omostelei, omotàllico,omotallico, omotassìa,omotassia, omotermìa,omotermia, omotetìa,omotetia, omoteticità,omoteticita, omotètico,omotetico, omotopìa,omotopia, omòtopo,omotopo, Omòtteri,omotteri, omousìa,omousia, omousiani,omousiani, omòxilo,omoxilo, omozigòsi,omozigosi, omozigòte,omozigote, omùncolo,omuncolo, onagro,onagro, onanismo,onanismo, onanista,onanista, Onchidiàcei,onchidiacei, Onchocerca,onchocerca, óncia,oncia, onciale,onciale, Oncidium,oncidium, onco-,onco_, Oncocefàlidi,oncocefalidi, Oncoceràtidi,oncoceratidi, oncocercòsi,oncocercosi, oncogène,oncogene, oncògeno,oncogeno, oncoliti,oncoliti, oncologìa,oncologia, oncològico,oncologico, oncòlogo,oncologo, oncomiracìdio,oncomiracidio, oncornavirus,oncornavirus, oncosfèra,oncosfera, oncòtico,oncotico, oncovirus,oncovirus, ónda,onda, ondàmetro,ondametro, ondante,ondante, ondata,ondata, ondatra,ondatra, ónde,ondeyy, ondeché,ondecheyy, ondeggiaménto,ondeggiamento, ondeggiare,ondeggiare, onde Martenot,onde_martenot, ondina,ondina, ondisonante,ondisonante, ondìvago,ondivago, ondosità,ondosita, ondóso,ondoso, ondulanza,ondulanza, ondulare,ondulare, ondulato,ondulato, ondulatóre,ondulatore, ondulatòrio,ondulatorio, ondulazióne,ondulazione, ondurégno,onduregno, óne,_one1 _one2, oneiro-,oneiro_, onerare,onerare, oneràrio,onerario, ònere,onere, onerosità,onerosita, oneróso,oneroso, onestà,onesta, onestare,onestare, onèsto,onesto, onfalite,onfalite, onfalocèle,onfalocele, ongarése,ongarese, óngaro,ongaro, ònice,onice, onichìa,onichia, onico-,onico_, ònico,_onico, onicofagìa,onicofagia, Onicòfori,onicofori, onicogrifòsi,onicogrifosi, onicolisi,onicolisi, onicomicòsi,onicomicosi,

OKAPI, originally uploaded by Chesterclose2.

Okapi! I saw some at the San Diego Zoo last week, and was immediately in love!

According to wiki, the okapi “is a giraffid artiodactyl mammal native to the Ituri Rainforest, located in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in central Africa. Although the Okapi bears striped markings reminiscent of the zebra, it is most closely related to the giraffe. There are approximately 10,000 – 20,000 in the wild and only 40 different worldwide institutions display them.”

Totally cute! I should have bought a plush one at the gift shop!!

Enjoy today’s photo! If you like the photo, please drop a comment to the original photographer at Flickr.

Henry Morton Stanley’s mention of an unknown ungulate living in the depths of the Congo forest might have remained little more than a cryptid footnote– leaving the field open for the okapi’s discovery perhaps decades later–if not for the prescient mind of Sir Henry “Harry” Johnston, High Commissioner of Uganda in British East Africa.

Portrait sketch of Sir Harry Johnston

At a time when European colonial powers were engaged in an epic “Scramble for Africa”, Johnston was instrumental in formulating Britain’s ultimately unsuccessful Cape to Cairo plan for a continuous band of territory down the length of the continent.  Author, painter, explorer, botanist, zoologist, former consul to Cameroon and Mozambique, and first commissioner of the British Central Africa Protectorate, Johnston possessed a seemingly magic touch for accomplishment. Such was the case with unraveling the mystery of the “atti”. Stanley’s scant reference to a leaf-eating, forest-loving equid immediately resurrected an even more fantastic creature– an African unicorn–from Johnston’s memory. In his September, 1901 article in McClure’s Magazine–”The Okapi: The Newly Discovered Beast Living In Central Africa”–Johnston writes:

“The author of this article remembers having encountered in his childhood–say, in the later sixties– a book about strange beasts in Central Africa, which was said to be based on information derived from early Dutch and Portugese works. The publication of this book was more or less incited at the time by Du Chaillu’s discoveries of the gorilla and other strange creatures on the west coast of Africa, and its purport was to show that there were in all probability other wonderful things yet to be discovered in the Central African forests. Among these suggested wonders was a reccurence of the myth of the unicorn. Passages from the works of the aforesaid Dutch and Portugese were quoted to show that a strange, horse-like animal of striking markings in black and white existed in the very depths of these equatorial forests. The accounts agreed in saying that the body of the animal was horselike, but details as to its horn or horns were very vague. The compiler of this book, however, believed that these stories pointed to the existence of a horned horse in Central Africa. Somehow these stories– which may have had a slight substratum of truth–lingered in the writer’s memory and were revived at the time that Stanley published his account of the Emin Pasha Expedition, In Darkest Africa.  A note in the appendix of this book states that the Kongo dwarfs knew an animal of ass-like appearance which existed in their forests, and which they caught in pitfalls. The occurrence of anything like a horse or ass–animals so partial to treeless, grassy plains–in the depths of the mightiest forest in the world seemed to me so strange that I determined to make further inquiries on the subject whenever fate should lead in the direction of the great Kongo forest.”

Fortunately (not to mention typically), fate did indeed lend Sir Harry a hand: in the shape of a band of homesick pygmies kidnapped by a fugitive German impresario…

Facade of the Apadana, Persepolis, Iran, depicting gift from the Ethiopian procession to the Achaemenid kingdom (5th century BC)

Was the okapi known to ancient civilizations? Judge for yourself.

Young okapi do possess an erect mane very much as depicted here.

]]> http://okapi.wordpress.com/2009/09/04/okapi-spotlight-september-2009/ Fri, 04 Sep 2009 18:26:52 +0000 lizzyha http://okapi.wordpress.com/2009/09/04/okapi-spotlight-september-2009/ http://okapia.wordpress.com/2009/09/02/okapia-johnstoni-okapi-lore-and-a-trip-to-bronx-zoos-congo/ Wed, 02 Sep 2009 23:27:47 +0000 Charles Alexander http://okapia.wordpress.com/2009/09/02/okapia-johnstoni-okapi-lore-and-a-trip-to-bronx-zoos-congo/

The okapi (Okapia johnstoni) has long fascinated me and embodies everything that this blog is all about.  Endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in Central Africa, these strikingly-marked creatures are next to impossible to see in the wild. Fortunately, 143 okapi live in the world’s zoos, where they may be easily observed. When visiting a zoo with okapi on exhibit, I often hear people remark that this strange creature must somehow be a cross between a zebra or donkey– and a giraffe. Actually,  zoo visitors struggling to make sense of the okapi’s seemingly disparate parts are in a sense partially correct. The okapi is in fact the giraffe’s only surviving close relative. And the okapi was indeed first thought to be a donkey and then later, thanks to its stripes, an unknown forest-dwelling zebra just prior to its official discovery in 1901. Clearly, zoo visitors aren’t the only humans that the okapi has mystified over the years.

Female okapi feeding in the Bronx Zoo’s spectacular Congo Gorilla Forest exhibit.

Can you believe that I took these photos in a zoo? Congo Gorilla Forest is without a doubt one of the best zoo exhibits I’ve ever seen– and a wonderful place to watch okapi, western lowland gorillas, red river hogs, Wolf’s guenon monkeys, and numerous other creatures native to the DRC. At 6.5 acres, this incredibly detailed recreation of an African rainforest affords its diverse residents plenty of room to do what comes naturally. Check out this mother western lowland gorilla and infant just hanging out and chilling on a peaceful summer afternoon in the Bronx:

I’ve had the pleasure of observing okapi in many zoo collections– Miami, Cincinnati, San Diego, Dallas, and St. Louis among them– but Bronx remains the best place I’ve seen for giving the visitor a sense of what it would be like to watch okapi in the wild. Even glimpsing an okapi in its actual Ituri Forest habitat, however, would require  near-miraculous luck. With its large ears and keen hearing, a wild okapi would detect your presence long before you ever got close enough to see it, then simply melt away into the shadows of the forest, where its coat pattern and coloring would render it invisible.

Cloaked from inquiring eyes and taxonomic minds in its remote African forest stronghold, the okapi thus remained hidden from the Western world until explorer Henry Morton Stanley–of the immortal line “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?”– offered a first glimmer that a mysterious ungulate lurked in the Congo’s dense jungles. In his 1890 book In Darkest Africa, Stanley wrote: ” The Wambutti (these dwarfs) knew a donkey and called it ‘Atti’. They say that they sometimes catch them in pits. What they can find to eat is a wonder. They eat leaves.”

Henry Morton Stanley

Coming in Okapi Lore Part 2: Sir Harry Johnston and the okapi’s true identity revealed…

]]> http://okapia.wordpress.com/2009/09/01/welcome-to-okapia/ Tue, 01 Sep 2009 21:08:53 +0000 Charles Alexander http://okapia.wordpress.com/2009/09/01/welcome-to-okapia/

Thanks for visiting Okapia, a blog devoted to great zoos, fascinating wildlife, and my ongoing effort to document– in drawings, paintings, and photos– rare and wonderful species that are difficult or impossible to observe in the wild. I’ll introduce you to animals that I’ve met, past and present; take you to some of the world’s most spectacular zoological parks and natural history museums; and also share with you the enormous challenges that wild species are facing in the 21st century.  I’m ready to get started– thanks for coming along!

Male okapi (Okapia johnstoni) at Bronx Zoo’s 6.5 acre Congo Gorilla Forest exhibit.

WAAAAA…am gasit cel mai tare animal…am privit poza cu el 10 min in sir si tot mi se pare interesant….probabil unii dintre voi il stiti ?….”numele” lui este OKAPI. “” ”Okapi, un ungulat din Africa, traieste in padurile virgine mlastinoase din zona fluviului Congo si din Uganda. Prin conformatia exterioara, okapi se aseamana atat cu girafa, cat si cu antilopa, dar aminteste si de zebra, datorita picioarelor si coapselor acoperite cu dungi.”"”

Poza aceasta spune totul

YAY! I’m finally going to meet an Okapi!!!

In September..in Stuttgart..Yay..

The San Diego Zoo has some exiting babies these days. A new panda cub was born earlier this week, and while it won’t be on exhibit for a few months, I’ve been keeping an eye on the Panda Cam to try to catch a glimpse – I think I’ve seen it twice so far.

There’s also a two-month old okapi named Sekele who IS on exhibit, so I went to the zoo last week to bask in the baby-okapi-cuteness. Sekele was prancing around the exhibit a bit and trailing his mom as she walked around to the food stations, and I got a good view of them at the acacia hanger nearest to the viewing area.

Sekele near the back of the enclosure

Baby okapi hiding in mom's shadow

Big stretch to get the acacia

Heading to the back again - check out those stripes!

This Red River Hog isn’t a zoo baby, but he’s still cute enough for a picture!

Red River Hog

Across from the Red River Hog, the monkeys and otters are always crowd favorites. As I walked by last weekend, the young monkeys were playing with their biscuits near the water’s edge…

Young monkeys playing with biscuits

And one biscuit was stolen by an otter, who sratched it against the wall…

Otter playing with stolen biscuit

Some other zoo babies I saw last week were the meerkats, in the exhibit near the kopje. According to the zoo blog, these meerkats were recently moved over from the old Elephant Mesa exhibit – it sounds like quite a hassle to move 16 meerkats!

Digging - it's what meerkats do!

Baby meerkat about to run

Partners in Crime

I also saw two baby giraffes – there was quite a line for giraffe feeding when I walked by, but the babys must be too short to reach over the wall on that section, so they were off at the other end of the exhibit by themselves.

Cuddly baby giraffe! I think he was watching me.

This one was slightly older, but still cute!

Se esse blog vai pra frente? Sei não. Sou do tempo que blog era lugar pra falar do próprio umbigo, pra reclamar do vizinho que faz barulho demais, pra colocar linkzinhos fantásticos.

Tá. Seguinte: tive meu primeiro blog em 2002. Cheguei atrasada na corrida na internete, galerë. Quando geral ficava no MIRC, eu usava o pc unicamente para escrever contos que, grazie a Dio?, nunca viram a luz do dia. No tempo que existia um treco chamado WEBLOGGER, alguém lembra? E antes do blogger brasil ser da globo.com. Foram dois ou três, todos devidamente deletados sem deixar rastros. Felizmente, todos antes de blogueiro virar profissão, antes de alguém pensar nesse negócio chamado AdSense, antes de quantidade de visitas virar critério e passaporte pra fama. Meus blogs me renderam só duas coisas além de inúmeros posts de desabafos: amigos e um emprego. O que já considero de ENORME tamanho.

Não, tenho nada contra quem ganha grana com blog ou é pop. Só é algo que escapa um pouco do meu entendimento… ‘mixing business with pleasure’, sabe?

Aí agora existe o Twitter, e todo mundo tem um blog, e eu decidi fazer um porque queria um lugar para armazenar minhas sandices e, sim, para talvez mostrá-las em público. Se vai durar, não sei.

Ah, e o negócio todo aqui era falar de okapis. São esses bichinhos adoráveis, mini-girafas com a simpatia de um pônei e que usam leggings zebradas. Não tem como não achar essa coisinha simpática. Disso você já sabia. Mas não sabia que simpatia é o que menos será visto por aqui, CAAASO este blog siga adiante. Ao menos teremos fofice no título.

oh hai!