In January 2011, Endogistics decided to broaden their horizons and created a new division for roof truss construction, which includes roof design, wooden truss maintenance and erecting.

When you’re building, be sure to keep that in the back of your mind, as it is a very important asset. Be sure you’re doing materials that you like, not that people are telling you to do. For instance, if you go into my oldest world, you will see major design changes as you go throughout my world, and see how I slowly progressed to different designs that I liked. Before my wood/wooden planks/brick combinations I’ve been doing recently, I used to do stone/stone slab non-stop; not that this is a bad combination, I just felt the need to switch it up, so my worlds didn’t look the same all the time. If you’re a beginner on roofing, I highly recommend not starting with any fancy in the least; the worst thing you could do is start with a big house, and use slabs only. Slabs are one of the hardest materials to manipulate in Minecraft architecture.

I suggest you start with a basic house, and try to up the design from there, as shown:

A simple Minecraft house can be turned into something amazing with a keen eye, and the willingness to do it.

As shown above. With the want to do something, you must have the initiative to do it.

Now, before I’m finished with this affair, here a few stylings of roofs that I particularly enjoy:

The modern design, one of my favorites; the wooden doors keep the nostaglia there, and the wooden plank foundation keeps the stone from being overbearing, while the roof has a beautiful gradual slope.

This design is more old-fashioned, and definitely has a feeling of nostalgia; to a Minecrafter who has played in Alpha, things that help remember the good old days of Minecraft are always most welcomed.

Thank you for taking the time to read this, and as always, I hope you found it useful!

Happy Minecrafting,

-Aaron

What do you want the roof of the Space Needle to look like next? The final six options are below…click on the image and make your pick!

The roof (my achilles heel) is finally going to be sorted out – the limit materials they have out here has necessitated a redesign of the roof – NOT ideal – but at least we can move forward now with something concrete. In all likelihood, we not going to make the 29th Feb deadline, but such is life…came back to the house and pastor had taken his entire water system apart, so he could store more water. What was meant to be a 30min exercise ended up taking well over 2 hours…was the last thing I felt like after a long, hot and busy day, sigh!!

Moisture infiltration is a contributing factor to the premature failure of buildings. The roof of any structure is the first line of defense against rain or melting snow and ice.

Plasti-Fab manufactures sloped insulation products for almost any roofing system used in today’s roofing industry.

Plasti-Fab has manufacturing facilities across Canada that are equipped to supply sloped insulation. PlastiSpan sloped insulation provides positive drainage to any drains located on the surface of the roof structure, including scuppers located at parapets or gutters. The percentage of slope can range from 1/16” per foot (1/2%) to 2” per foot (6%) and beyond in custom applications. A wide range of insulation physical properties are available to accommodate your needs.

The Plasti-Fab roofing sales representative experts work closely with design professionals and roofing contractors to ensure that the sloped insulation design matches the necessary requirements for any individual project. Experts at Plasti-Fab use a proprietary roofing CAD program to provide layouts for evaluation by designers and installation instructions for roofing contractors. The layouts can be easily adjusted in the event that drains are moved or structural limitations are exceeded.

Another added benefit of using PlastiSpan sloped roofing insulation is the energy efficient R-Value the product provides. Average R-Values or RSI are calculated with each design. This gives the design professional the ability to adjust insulation requirements to coincide with the needs of the mechanical system.

The large majority of older buildings do not have insulation in the roofing system or the insulation is not sufficient for today’s cost to operate the building energy efficiently. Using PlastiSpan sloped roofing Insulation in a retrofit of an older roof, not only provides positive drainage protection but also contributes to long term savings in operating costs.

Contact your Plasti-Fab Sales representative for more information. Find yours here!
Learn more about Sloped roofing insulation now.

What are…

Scuppers: A scupper is an opening in the side walls of an open-air structure, for purposes of draining water. Buildings with railed rooftops can construct scuppers to let rainwater drain off, instead of pooling within the railing of the roof. Scuppers can also be placed in a parapet, for the same purpose. 

Parapets: A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a fire wall or party wall.

Gutters: Gutter, the trough or duct under the eaves of a building.

How To Conserving Electric Bill with a Awesome Roof
Your recent roof.

Most house owners have a black roof and as a lot of of us now, put on black heat. So significantly so, that asphalt roofs can attain temperatures of up to 185 degrees! No wonder that your AC unit to operate tough to be double to your house to cool down your roof, is like a heater to your household in summer months. The chief purpose why his title was replaced by this is that it reflects only about fifty-10 % of infrared light from the sun.

As a white roof can support conserve you funds.

If you must put a white roof on your home, you would see a drastic lower in your electrical bill. A white roof only reaches temperatures of 70 degrees, it is substantially distinct to the black. White roofs are cooler, simply because the infrared light of the sun very much far more – displays as very much as 76 percent!

What if you do not want a white roof?

No problem! You can acquire cool roofs in the darker colors as the regular. They even come in tiles, shingles, and in metal if you would like to deliver your neighbors. Preserve in head, the a single that does not reflect the darker hues so considerably infrared light – about thirty %. On the other hand, it is very much much better than what you have now and this is far more revenue in your pocket at the summertime!

(THIS ARTICLE CAN BE FOUND AT: 
http://www.HWSMS.com
)

For complete information contact: Fred Schroeder, VP of Houston’s Waterproofing & Sheet Metal Specialists, LLC

email Fred@HWSMS.com or go to: 
http://www.HWSMS.com

This document provides a definition and analysis of environmentally safe, waterproof roofing solutions for
flat and low-slope roofs called Fluid-Applied Sustainable Cool Roof Systems (FASCRS). Environmentally safe
FASCRS are water-based elastomeric acrylic membranes reinforced with a non-woven polyester fabric.
FASCRS are classified as “cool” by the Cool Roof Rating Council, the industry’s regulatory body for documenting a
roofing system’s reflectivity and emissivity values. FASCRS have high solar reflectance and albedo. They emit the
roof surface material’s heat back to the atmosphere instead of transferring it into the roof substrate and building
below. High emittance values also help to quickly dissipate what heat is absorbed. In addition to exceeding the
requirements of the Cool Roof Rating Council, FASCRS are certified by other independent third-party testing
organizations and supported by government-sponsored programs and incentives.
Compared to traditional roofing systems such as the APP, SBS, TPO, EPDM and PVC systems that require
accessories to produce a watertight and complete roof system, the monolithic design of FASCRS has superior
waterproofing capabilities. When properly installed and maintained, FASCRS are guaranteed to remain
100% waterproof regardless of weather conditions or age. There are no leak points and virtually no warranty
exclusions. The warranties are unmatched in the industry, and are sustainable for the life of the building
because FASCRS never have to be replaced or torn off. FASCRS remain seamless, flexible and durable under
any weather or climatic condition, regardless of ambient temperature, because of their distinguishing
monolithic and 100% adhered design.  See informational video here:  
http://www.hwsms.com/hydrostop.asp
  or

here:

Economical benefits of the FASCRS

Start with lower installation costs than traditional roofing systems due to reduced labor and material needs. The savings continue with lower maintenance costs that accrue over the life of the building to deliver long-term savings. Additionally, because FASCRS have the ability to reduce the temperature of the roof surface, surrounding ambient air, and the building’s interior temperature, they improve the building’s overall energy efficiency to deliver further cost savings by reducing power consumption and lessening peak load demands. As alternatives to traditional roofing systems, water-based FASCRS are eco-friendly because they combat urban heat islands, reduce smog, minimize VOC emissions, decrease landfill overload from roofing waste, and conserve resources. Environmentally safe and sustainable FASCRS also meet the growing demands for LEED™ credits. With low installation costs, minimal maintenance requirements, versatile application parameters, and
wide color selection to meet virtually any design needs, FASCRS are revolutionizing the roofing industry. Whether installed as new construction or over the existing low-slope or fl at roof substrate, the ten primary benefits of FASCRS are: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a trademark of the U.S. Green Building Council.

Also see: “Why Cool Roofs” video here: 

Surface temperature test video here: 

Benefits:
Third-party Certified
100% Waterproof
Unmatched Warranty
No Tear-Offs
Durable
Economical
Energy Efficient
Eco-Friendly
Low Maintenance
Versatile and Aesthetic

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Cool Roof Rating Council, Rated Products Directory, Premium
Coat White Finish Coat 2003-15, CRRC Prod. ID 0768-0001, 2008.
2. Ibid.
3. David J. Sailor, “Simulated Urban Climate Response to Modifications
in Surface Albedo and Vegetative Cover”, Journal of Applied
Meteorology 37 (1995): 1694-1704.

FASCRS are fluid-applied, fully adhered, permanently flexible, breathable roofing membranes that remain
intact even under severe weather conditions. They are durable, economical, energy efficient, eco-friendly
systems that can be sustained under warranty for the life of the building under a specified maintenance
schedule. These water-based, fluid-applied reflective membranes are reinforced with a tough, non-woven
polyester fabric, and are designed to never be torn off. In most cases they also eliminate the need to remove
the existing roof substrate. The monolithic FASCRS do not require the leak-prone accessories that
traditional roofing systems require to seal the roof system at its edges and penetrations. Seamless,
waterproof, Class A fire rated, UV resistant and versatile FASCRS are alternatives to traditional roofing systems
for low-slope and flat roofs in any climatic condition regardless of temperature.

For complete information contact: Fred Schroeder, VP of Houston’s Waterproofing & Sheet Metal Specialists, LLC

email Fred@HWSMS.com or go to: 
http://www.HWSMS.com
  or see our informational video:
http://www.hwsms.com/hydrostop.asp

COOL ROOF RATED
FASCRS are rated as “cool” roofing systems because they reflect the sun’s solar energy, thereby keeping the
roof cooler. They are tested and certified by the Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC), an independent, non-profit
organization that maintains a third-party rating system for measuring the Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) of roof
surfacing materials, measured in terms of solar reflectance and thermal emittance, or emissivity. FASCRS with
their high solar reflectance and thermal emittance, when used with or without insulation, ensure maximum
energy efficiency while contributing to reduced urban temperatures. Lower roof temperatures, through the use
of FASCRS, contribute to reduced building operating costs and thermal pollution.

HIGH ALBEDO
Solar reflectance is measured in albedo, the ability of a surface to diffusely reflect sunlight, including visible,
infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths. On a scale from 0 to 1, FASCRS are rated at .79 by the CRRC.1 The high
albedo of FASCRS contributes to reduced internal building temperatures, reduced energy demand, and thereby
reduced cooling costs.

HIGH EMISSIVITY
Thermal emittance is the ability of a roof to radiate, or release, absorbed heat. It is also measured from 0 to 1,
with 1 being the highest level of emittance. The thermal emittance measure of FASCRS by the CRRC is .90.2
Higher albedo measures contribute to reduced temperatures. For example, 1995 studies show that increasing
albedo over downtown Los Angeles by 0.14 and over the entire basin by an average of 0.08 could decrease peak
summertime temperatures by as much as 35.7˚F (2.056˚C).3

WHAT ARE FASCRS?
The Radiative Properties of FASCRS
Solar Reflectance Measure
Albedo = .79
Thermal Emittance Measure
.90
Roof {
High albedo and thermal emittance increases inhabitant comfort and lowers cooling costs.

COOL ROOF RATING COUNCIL
Tested and certified by the Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC), an independent, non-profit organization that maintains a third-party rating system for radiative properties of roof surfacing materials.  ENERGY STAR® Listed by the ENERGY STAR® Roof Products Program, a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy that helps businesses and individuals save money and protect the environment through energy efficient products and practices.
Energy Star is a registered trademark of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.

LEED
Qualifies for points from The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System, the national benchmark for the design, construction, operation and certification of high performance green buildings.  The United States Department of Energy recommends considering cool roof systems if you are going to replace your roof:

FACTORY MUTUAL
Certified under the Factory Mutual (FM) 4470 classification as a low slope roof system with superior performance in: Interior and Exterior Fire Rating, Wind uplift, Severe Hail Impact, Resistance to Leakage, and Resistance to Foot Traffic. FASCRS are also tested and certified by Factory Mutual as Class I fi re-rated roofing systems. FASCRS are FM-approved to be installed over: insulation board, recovery boards, new built-up, existing built-up, EPDM membranes, metal, concrete, and lightweight concrete substrates.

MIAMI-DADE COUNTY
Approved for resistance to wind uplift by Miami Dade, an independent authority with jurisdiction in Florida’s Miami-Dade County to issue a Certificate of Competency to fabricators and manufacturers of building products.

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES
Approved by Underwriters Laboratories (UL), the trusted source across the globe for product
compliance and for public safety. FASCRS are tested and certified as 790 Class A fi re rated roofing systems.
UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)
Awarded the ability to provide materials and services directly to the United States Government through the GSA’s government-wide regulations and policies that encourage agencies to use the best, most cost-effective management practices. FASCRS are approved by GSA ADVANTAGE! under solicitation 7FCI-F8-03-0056B with GSA Federal Supply Schedule number GS-07F-5988R for FSG 56 (Building Materials).

CHOICE FACILITY PARTNERS
Member of Choice Facility Partners, a cooperative that brings legally and competitively bid facility contracts to schools, education-related organizations and other governmental entities across Texas.

THIRD-PARTY CERTIFIED FASCRS
FASCRS are recognized by the following independent third-party rating systems and programs.

SUPPORTED BY GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED PROGRAMS AND INCENTIVES
Incentives in Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, San Francisco and Los Angeles prove that more and more
municipalities are realizing that any building envelope can benefit from the energy saving roofing systems that
provide versatile solutions to leak-prone areas and offer colors to meet any aesthetic requirement.

ZERO LEAKPOINTS
With FASCRS, zero leak points exist in the roofing system, which is a claim that traditional roofing systems
cannot make. The fully reinforced, 100% adhered FASCRS do not require leak-prone accessories such as sealants,
tapes, adhesives, clamps, termination bars, drain rings or counter-flashings. Thus, FASCRS are a superior seamless
solution that address all areas prone to water ingress, with no exclusions in the 100% waterproofing capabilities.

ZERO EXCLUSIONS ON THE INSTALLED SYSTEM
FASCRS waterproof all surface areas associated with the building’s roof substrate including the interior & exterior
parapet walls and caps, scuppers, drain bowls, through-roof protrusions and decks—guaranteed. Traditional
roofing systems write exclusions into their warranties because they will not provide 100% waterproofing
capabilities and cannot completely waterproof all areas above the roof substrate.
When properly installed by a certified professional, FASCRS are covered by up to 20-year warranties on most
roofing applications, which can be extended at the conclusion of the warranty period for additional 10-year
periods under a prescribed maintenance schedule. At the conclusion of the warranty, the UV protective
topcoat layer is resurfaced at a fraction of original installation cost. These periodic maintenance resurfacings are
substantially less expensive than the tear-off and reinstallation costs of a traditional roofing system. FASCRS can
be recertified under warranty with every resurfacing to effectively extend the original warranty terms for the life
of the building.

FASCRS are designed to never require replacement or removal, due to their ability to accommodate multiple
applications without compromising roof load capacity. FASCRS are recoated at the conclusion of their warranty
and then every 10 years for the life of the building rather than being torn off and replaced every 15 to 20 years like
a traditional roofing system. The vast majority of existing roofs can also be re-roofed with FASCRS to rule out the
need for a tear-off. Eliminating tear-offs reduces roofing costs over the life of the building, while also eliminating
roofing material waste shipped to overloaded landfills.
100% WATERPROOF FASCRS
FASCRS HAVE AN UNMATCHED WARRANTY
FASCRS REQUIRE NO TEAR-OFFS
4. Ross Reynolds, Weather Rage, (New York: Taylor & Francis, Inc.,
2003) 33.
5. Steve Heinje, 2008.

DURABLE FASCRS EXTREME WEATHER RESISTANCE
FASCRS are designed to deliver optimum weather resistance under any climatic condition or temperature. Their
documented ability to withstand some of the toughest weather conditions on earth proves that FASCRS will not
lose integrity over time. After enduring severe weathering for years, they do not dry prematurely, crack or leak
like traditional roofing systems.

ANY CLIMATIC CONDITION
FASCRS remain durable under any climatic condition.

SEAMLESS
Because FASCRS are monolithic they will conform to any type of roof surface. They provide an excellent means
of extending the waterproofing membrane onto any curb, penetration, parapet wall or dissimilar surface.

INDEFINITELY SUSTAINABLE
FASCRS never require removal. Simply resurface at the conclusion of each warranty period to ensure a longer
lifespan than traditional roofing systems are able to offer. Because they are designed for longevity, and can
accommodate multiple applications without compromising roof load capacity, FASCRS never require a tear-off
and are indefinitely sustainable.

FLEXIBLE
FASCRS expand and contract with the underlying building structure to assure the membrane’s integrity
and eliminate splitting and cracking, which are common sources of damaging water ingress with traditional
roofing systems. FASCRS are internally plasticized to ensure that they remain permanently flexible at
temperatures as low as -30°F (-34°C).5 The tough, reinforced finish also provides excellent resistance to acid rain
and chemical pollutants.

RESISTANT TO THERMAL SHOCK
Thermal Shock, which occurs from dramatic and rapid temperature changes, can cause cracking, splitting and
fractures in most roof substrates. Unlike traditional roofing systems, FASCRS have the ability to withstand rapid
temperature changes without cracking or compromising their integrity.
Proven integrity for the life of the building under the extreme heat of desert and tropical climates. Proven resistance to wind uplift under hurricane-force winds up to 241 mph (388 km/h) (Guam, 1997).4  Guaranteed 100% waterproof under exposure to severe
rain and hail. Remains flexible in temperatures down to –30 F (–34 C).
6. Mark Tiedt, Tomball Independent School District,
September, 2008.

For complete information contact: Fred Schroeder, VP of Houston’s Waterproofing & Sheet Metal Specialists, LLC

email Fred@HWSMS.com or go to: 
http://www.HWSMS.com

ECONOMICAL FASCRS INSTALLATION SAVINGS
Savings start with an installation process that is simple compared to the complexity of traditional roofing
systems, with a smaller crew capable of completing the installation in less time. In addition, no special application
equipment is required for application. Because FASCRS can be installed over the existing roof substrate, tear-off
and waste disposal costs are eliminated.

LOW-COST REPAIRS
FASCRS can be repaired quickly and easily using fully adhered topcoat material, and a small amount of
reinforcement fabric if necessary. There are none of the seams, adhesives and fasteners associated with
traditional roofing systems, or any heavy equipment or materials. Repairs can be made by in-house maintenance
staff rather than skilled roofing professionals.

MINIMAL MAINTENANCE
Over the life of the roof, maintenance costs remain minimal. FASCRS warranties do not include the stipulations
of many traditional roofing systems that require regular maintenance. When maintenance is necessary,
FASCRS can be easily cleaned to remove dirt, pollution and other contaminants, without losing their
Weather tight integrity.

SUPERIOR LIFE CYCLE COSTS
Because FASCRS can be re-coated at a fraction of the original installation cost instead of the re-roofs required
by traditional roofing systems every 15 to 20 years, their life cycle savings increase exponentially over time for
the life of the building.

REDUCED WORKMAN’S COMPENSATION CLAIMS
Because FASCRS do not require the heavy equipment and weighty materials needed for the installation of
traditional roofing systems, there are less frequent workman’s compensation claims.
Net Savings in One Month* After FASCRS Application
*Energy usage in 436,000 sq. ft. buildings in Texas. Buildings were closed for one week after Hurricane Ike.
Measurements taken September, 2007 and September, 2008. Applications finished in August.6
Power Reduction of 1143 KVA, Energy Reduction of 130 kWh, Cooling Tower Water Reduction of 342 gallons

7. Barbara A. Nadel, “Sustainable Roofi ng Strategies: Lowering Energy
Costs, Advancing Environmental Goals”, GreenSource Magazine,
July 2007.
8.Mark A. Gaulin, “Green Technology Turns America’s Roofs Into
Energy Assets”, Sustainable Facility, 2 April 2008.
9. Kevin Corcoran, “Cool Roofi ng: LEED and Metal Roofi ng”, Roofi ng
Contractor, 12 April 2006.
10. The California Energy Commission, “Title 24, Part 6: California’s
Energy Effi ciency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential
Buildings”, 2006.

ENERGY EFFICIENT FASCRS  REDUCED POWER CONSUMPTION
FASCRS reduce a building’s power consumption by reflecting the majority of the sun’s solar heat away from
the roof surface. This lowers the roof temperature and diminishes the amount of heat absorbed into the roof
substrate and building, which significantly lowers air conditioning requirements.

REDUCED PEAK LOAD/DEMAND
Peak load/demand is the measure of the total amount of a grid’s power required to supply customers when
the need is greatest. Because of FASCRS ability to reduce the building’s air conditioning requirements, the peak
load/demand is reduced.

OFFICIAL PROGRAMS AND RECOGNITION
The benefits of energy efficient buildings are well recognized by federal and municipal agencies, which are
expanding programs to encourage reducing energy demand and power consumption.
FASCRS are compliant with California’s Title 24, The Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential
Buildings in new and retrofit construction. Title 24 was established in 1978 in response to a
legislative mandate to reduce California’s energy consumption. California’s building efficiency standards
(along with those for energy efficient appliances) have saved more than $56 billion in electricity and
natural gas costs since 1978. It is estimated that these standards will save an additional $23 billion by 2013.10
Surface temperatures of FASCRS have been measured up to 70 F (21 C) cooler than a dark traditional roofing system.
Reduced Power Consumption, FASCRS put less stress on HVAC systems than traditional roofing systems.
Because of reduced internal building temperatures, FASCRS can reduce total electric costs by 3-10%.7
FASCRS can result in up to a 90 F (32 C) difference between ambient air temperature and roof surface temperature on a summer afternoon.

90 F difference
70 F cooler
Energy Efficiency
3-10% reduced
cooling costs
11. James A. Voogt, American Institute of Biological Sciences, “Urban
Heat Islands: Hotter Cities”, 2004.
12. Ibid
13. Meg Calkins, “Cooling the Blacktop”, Landscape Architecture, 2007.
14. United States Environmental Protection Agency, “Heat Island”,
2003.
15. S.E. Gill, J.F. Handley, A.R. Ennos and S. Pauleit, “Adapting Cities for
Climate Change: The Role of the Green Infrastructure”. Built Environment
33.1, 2007: 115-133.
16. Brian Pon, Heat Island Group, “L.A. Island”, 1999.
17. Calkins, 2007.
18. Ibid.

ECO-FRIENDLY FASCRS REDUCED URBAN HEAT ISLANDS
An urban heat island is the tendency of daily temperatures in urban areas to reach 10˚F (5.6˚C) to 13˚ F (7.3˚C) higher than surrounding suburban and rural areas.11 This phenomenon is caused primarily by a decrease in vegetation and an increase in dark colored surfaces such as roads, parking lots and roofs. In the most severe conditions, urban temperatures have been measured up to 15˚F (-9.4˚C) higher than surrounding rural areas.12 Estimates by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) project that the urban heat island effect can elevate temperatures as
much as 8 percent above those of adjacent suburban and rural areas.13  FASCRS reflect sunlight to reduce the temperatures of buildings, roof surfaces and the ambient air surrounding a building. The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency recommends cool roofs to mitigate the urban island effect.14

REDUCED SMOG AND POLLUTION
The formation of smog is highly dependent on temperature, with smog forming more quickly at higher
temperatures.16 Chris Scruton of the California Energy Commission notes the high reflectivity of the Cool Roof
will have air quality benefits and says, “If an entire community had Cool Roofs that reflected solar energy back into
space, it would have a mitigating effect on smog formation”.17 Air-quality research in Los Angeles has demonstrated
that for every one-degree rise in summer temperatures, smog formation can increase by 3 percent.18

REDUCED VOC EMISSIONS
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are evaporative substances that react in the air to form ozone. VOCs are
released into the environment by solvent-containing materials, such as asphalt, as they cure, contributing to
long-term air pollution. FASCRS meet all federal, state and local VOC regulations.
Rural Suburban Downtown Suburban Rural Farmland
Urban Heat-Island Profile15
Late Afternoon Temperatures (°F )
92°
85°

CONSERVE RESOURCES IN THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
FASCRS are manufactured using water-based resins and organic pigments, as opposed to the solvents and
carcinogenic materials used in many traditional roofing systems. The manufacturing process also requires very
little energy, as no heat is required and there are no curing ovens or lamps. Most clean-up water is recycled
and there is no hazardous waste. The net result is a significant increase in energy savings and a diminished
impact on the environment.
19. A Green Affordable Housing Coalition, “Fact Sheet: Roofi ng
Materials for Flat Roofs”, No. 17. December, 2005.
20. Tiedt, 2008.

REDUCED LANDFILL OVERLOAD FROM ROOF TEAR-OFFS
Each year 9 to 10 million tons of roofing waste is sent to U.S. landfills.19 FASCRS help reduce landfill overload
caused by roofing materials due to the fact that 95+% of roof substrates can be coated without requiring any
tear-off. Once installed, a properly maintained FASCRS roof never requires a tear-off, as opposed to every 15 to
20 years for traditional roofing systems.

CONSERVE RESOURCES IN THE BUILDING HVAC SYSTEM
Buildings that utilize water-coolers for their HVAC needs will save water with FASCRS. After a FASCRS installation
in Texas, cooling water usage was reduced from 179 to 81 gallons in one month, resulting in savings of $927.15
LOW MAINTENANCE FASCRS
FASCRS require minimal maintenance over time. A FASCRS warranty does not include the stipulations of many
traditional roofing systems that require regular maintenance. If maintenance is needed, FASCRS can be easily and
inexpensively resurfaced without losing the ability to protect the building with a seamless, watertight solution.

VERSATILE AND AESTHETIC FASCRS
APPLICATION VERSATILITY
Roof application areas for FASCRS are virtually unlimited: exterior walls, parapet walls and caps, scuppers, through
roof protrusions, elevator and stairwell rooms, etc. The system is resilient enough to accommodate uneven
substrates, dissimilar substrates, multiple roof levels, additions and many other applications.

WIDE COLOR SELECTION
FASCRS are available in a wide variety of colors for accommodating specific application requirements, including
new and retrofit construction, historic districts, corporate colors, unique design projects and renovations.
FASCRS Help Minimize Roofing Landfill Waste
FASCRS eliminate roofing landfill contributions.
2010
35-40 million tons
2009
27-30 million tons
2008
18-20 million tons
2007
9-10 million tons

From materials, installation and maintenance to service life, sustainability and warranties, traditional roofing
systems cannot compare to the FASCRS. Traditional roofing systems are typically expensive to install, prone to
water infiltration problems, difficult to detail, expensive to remove and harmful to the environment.

FASCRS VS . TRADITIONAL ROOFING SYSTEMS INSTALLATION
With FASCRS, a simple application process enables timely installation within target date, no interruption of normal building activities, and a reduced frequency of workman’s compensation claims.
Most traditional roofing systems require a lengthy and expensive installation process that demands more
skilled laborers, more time, more complicated equipment, more flashing details, and more accessories
and tools. These additional requirements significantly increase the cost of the installation. The heavy equipment
and bulky materials used for traditional roofing products also result in a greater occurrence of workman’s compensation claims.

APPLICATION VERSATILITY
FASCRS can waterproof virtually any surface associated with the building’s roof substrate including interior & exterior parapet walls and caps, scuppers, drain bowls, through roof protrusions and decks. Complex roofs are easily detailed with a monolithic, 100% adhered, fully reinforced FASCRS.
Traditional roofing systems are not monolithic, require difficult, time-consuming and error-prone details, and cannot accommodate complex roof applications.

ACCESSORIES
FASCRS are fully adhered roofing systems that do not require the use of leak-prone accessories to completely waterproof the building and withstand wind uplift. Traditional roofing systems require accessories at the edges and penetrations that are prone to water infiltration and failure.

WARRANTY
FASCRS come with up to a 20-year, non-prorated warranty that can be extended for the life of the building. Warranties for traditional roofing systems are typically pro-rated and are full of limitations that ultimately compromise the integrity of the warranty protection.

SEAMS
FASCRS are monolithic and self-flashing, and will conform to any type of substrate. Therefore, they offer an excellent means of extending the waterproofing membrane onto any curb, penetration or parapet wall.  Traditional roofing systems have numerous seams that eventually leak, resulting in costly damage to the decking substrate, insulation and building interior. Required flashing details at the edges of traditional roofing systems are difficult to design, install, and maintain.
S.F.A.C.R.S TRADITIONAL ROOFING

SERVICE LIFE
FASCRS have superior UV, weather, and thermal shock resistance, and remain permanently flexible upon aging. They retain their physical properties and integrity over time better than any other roofing system. Solar reflectance and thermal emittance capabilities are also retained with age.
Traditional roofing systems begin to degrade when exposed to UV and weathering, resulting in a loss of flexibility and leaks at seams, cracks, joints and/or fasteners.

RE-ROOFING REQUIREMENTS
FASCRS are designed to accommodate multiple resurfacings without compromising roof load capacity.
Traditional roofing systems add a significant weight load and eventually require removal of the existing
roof prior to re-roofing.

RE-ROOF WASTE
FASCRS never have to be removed because they are designed to accommodate multiple applications
without compromising roof load capacity.
Most traditional roofing materials must be removed periodically because they deteriorate and lose their ability to protect the building from weather conditions. This roof tear-off waste is a significant contribution to the landfill solid waste stream.

VOC EMISSIONS
All FASCRS components are water-based, with very low VOC levels well below all national and regional regulations.
Traditional roofing includes components with high VOC content. When heated and while curing, asphaltic based materials emit a range of VOCs into the atmosphere. Traditional roofing systems continue to emit VOCs into the environment during their life.

ULTRAVIOLET RESISTANCE
FASCRS can be applied over new and existing roof substrates to provide an effective protective barrier against the sun’s damaging rays.
The sun’s powerful infrared and ultraviolet rays cause heat aging of traditional roofing systems. Upon exposure, the oils begin to leach out of the membrane, causing the membrane to dry out, crack and blister.

LIFE CYCLE
FASCRS offer long-term performance and are sustainable for the life of the building at the least life cycle cost.
Traditional roofing systems have a typical life cycle of only 15 to 20 years, after which they normally require removal and replacement.

With no tear-offs, low maintenance requirements, unsurpassed performance and an unmatched warranty,
Fluid-Applied Sustainable Cool Roof Systems (FASCRS) supplant all traditional roofing systems. Monolithic, fully
adhered, 100% waterproof FASCRS are revolutionizing the future of the roofing industry with their durable,
economical, eco-friendly, aesthetically pleasing solutions for the life of the building.

CONCLUSION: QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
Quest Construction Products is a manufacturer of Fluid-Applied Sustainable Cool Roof Systems (FASCRS)
and other roof coatings systems, with manufacturing facilities in Charleston, South Carolina; Tempe, Arizona;
and Spokane, Washington. Quest and its subsidiaries offer the highest quality sustainable roof systems and
roof coating products available. In the spring of 2008, Quest combined over 60 years of FASCRS expertise by
consolidating Spokane-based United Coatings with Charlotte-based Hydro-Stop, Inc. The Quest sales force
offers professional field support, hands-on industry experience, and technical expertise—from specification to
jobsite and beyond—to help building owners and property managers understand why FASCRS are the best
choice for their commercial building envelope.  Monthly Quest Training Sessions educate and certify architects, facility planners, distributors and installation professionals about FASCRS. Training Sessions qualify roofing contractors as certified installers of Quest products and systems. Training Sessions also qualify architects for AIA continuing education credits from the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

For complete information contact: Fred Schroeder, VP of Houston’s Waterproofing & Sheet Metal Specialists, LLC

email Fred@HWSMS.com or go to: 
http://www.HWSMS.com
see our informational video:   
http://www.hwsms.com/hydrostop.asp

EndNotes
A Green Affordable Housing Coalition. “Fact Sheet: Roofing Materials for Flat Roofs”. No. 17. December, 2005.
American Institute of Biological Sciences. James A. Voogt. “Urban Heat Islands: Hotter Cities”. 10 Nov. 2008.
<http://www.actionbioscience.org/environment/voogt.html&#62;.
American Institute of Biological Sciences. James A. Voogt. “Urban Heat Islands: Hotter Cities”. November 2004.
Calkins, Meg. “Cooling the Blacktop”. Landscape Architecture. February 2007. 12 Dec. 2008. <http://archives.asla.
org/lamag/lam07/february/ecology.html>.
Cool Roof Rating Council. Rated Products Directory. Premium Coat White Finish Coat 2003-15. CRRC Prod. ID
0768-0001.
Corcoran, Kevin. “Cool Roofing: LEED and Metal Roofing “. Roofing Contractor. 12 Apr. 2006. 24 Jan. 2009.
<http://www.roofi ngcontractor.com/CDA/Articles/Cool_Roof/4cfd330bc6f8a010VgnVCM100000f932a8c0>.
Gaulin, Mark A. “Green Technology Turns America’s Roofs Into Energy Assets”. Sustainable Facility, 2 April
2008. 24 Jan. 2009. <http://www.sustainablefacility.com/CDA/Articles/Cool_Roof/BNP_GUID_9-5-
2006_A_10000000000000299069>.
Gill, S.E. et al. “Adapting Cities for Climate Change: The Role of the Green Infrastructure”. Built Environment 33.1
(March 2007): 115-133.
Heinje, Steve. November, 2008.
Nadel, Barbara A. “Sustainable Roof ng Strategies: Lowering Energy Costs, Advancing Environmental Goals”.
GreenSource Magazine. July 2007. 12 November 2008. <http://construction.com/CE/articles/0707roofi ng-6.
asp>.
Pon, Brian. Heat Island Group. “L.A. Island”. 14 Nov. 2008. <http://heatisland.lbl.gov/LEARN/LAIsland&#62;. 1999.
Reynolds, Ross. Weather Rage. New York: Taylor & Francis, Inc., 2003. 33.
Sailor, David J. “Simulated Urban Climate Response to Modifications in Surface Albedo and Vegetative Cover”.
Journal of Applied Meteorology 27 (July 1995): 1694-1704.
The California Energy Commission. “Title 24, Part 6: California’s Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and
Nonresidential Buildings”. 10 Nov. 2008. <http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24&#62;.
Tiedt, Mark. Tomball Independent School District. September, 2008.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. “Heat Island”. <http://www.epa.gov/hiri/index.htm&#62;. 2003.
REFERENCES available upon request

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Timber trusses for small projects (click to enlarge)

Timber connectors, such as the Simpson Strong Tie timber connector shown below, provide greater connecting strength. Flatten small areas so washers will sit flat.

Simpson Strong Tie timber connector

A roof with a 12/12 pitch that looks aesthetically pleasing can add as much as 50% or more to the initial cost of a roof when compared to the same house with a 4/12 pitch.

Why does a steeper pitch add so much to the price?

Here we are going to compare a 12/12 pitch to a 4/12 pitch.
12/12 has 37.5 % more roof area 
12/12 roofing labor is 50 % + per roofing square
Rafter and sheathing labor is 50% more
Roof framing lumber is more

Other factors that add to the increased price can include:

• Taller chimney
• More attic ventilation
• Increased painting costs
• Increased stucco or siding costs
• Roof maintenance costs, although the need is less frequent
• On the plus side most roofing materials can last 50% longer

This means that if you are going to use a steeper pitch it would be wise to use one of the better top end roofing materials available.

Architects have some influence because they are often trying to be innovative with new systems. Manufacturers try to introduce their products through them, selling them on the benefits of a new product with the promise of longevity and very low cost. Obviously, low cost is the only promise that is kept.

If contractors can find a system that is easier to install and cheaper to buy, they have more opportunities to be low bid and make more money – but how long does that last?

To illustrate that point, the first single plies were predominantly CSPE, then PIB came along for a short time (and failed), then PVC for a short time after that (and failed), then EPDM remained king for many years, and then PVC again and now TPO. What changed contractors mind on what to install? Price.

Undoubtedly reinforced CSPE and its sister product, CPE were the best performance of those listed – but they were also expensive sheets. It is obvious that performance does not matter as much as price to contractors. It is not performance that lands them the jobs, its price along with warranties written on rice paper.

Here’s a hint. If performance matters to you, and you want a white reflective surface, look into fleece backed Elvaloy. It can be adhered over multiple plies of roofing felts in Type III hot asphalt. Elvaloy is resistant to more chemicals and solvents than any other thermoplastic. Used as a cap sheet over a tough system, it is much more durable than a 1 ply system. If you want a significant reduction in the risk of premature roof failure, Elvaloy is something to consider.

Paul Farrier / proVII

It was also described that there were no signs of moisture when blisters were cut. So what is causing the roofs to blister?

With further discussion it was said that the insulation is a Polyisocyanurate with no recover board to separate the membrane from the foam insulation. For years we have seen ½” high density wood fiber or ¾” perlite installed over the iso because of the risk of blistering. I immediately suspected that was the problem but assured that we could get some answers from a chemist I know in the roofing industry. I was confident that he would know or at least had the resources to find out.

Today – my suspicians were supported as a result of discussions between my chemist friend and a few iso-board insulation manufacturers. I also told him that I have seen these sales reps do some crazy things, include put their coated trilaminate sheet down in water based cold adhesive. This chemist immediately saw the stupidity in that. How is moisture going to evaporate out of a water based adhesive if it is enveloped between plies of non-porous membrane? I would not surprise me or him at all if it was specified and installed that way – with no objections by the contractor.

This is what happens when sales reps are masquerading as knowledgeable roofing consultants.

Paul Farrier / proVII

What is an ice dam you say? An ice dam occurs when the warmth from the dwelling areas of your home escapes into the attic and melts snow on the roof. The melted snow (aka: water) runs downhill until it reaches the eaves (which are usually not as warm) and freezes into solid ice.  This is what makes those beautiful icicles (which are a dead give-away that you may have an ice dam problem). A few days of this and your roof has built up a dam of ice that holds the melted snow behind it.  So what’s the problem with this, you say.  The problem is that most roofs are made to shed water, not hold it.  When water sits on your roof, it will probably find a way into your house, causing damages ranging from peeling paint to serious mold issues. And this doesn’t even include the potential damage to your roof when the ice dam is chopped out by that helpful and handy neighbor!

Building codes in cold climate areas usually attempt to address this problem by requiring special roofing membrane materials at and above the eaves of your house.  This is good, and only part of the solution, which includes other items such as effective insulation strategy.

Return to this site for future blogs on useful and related information about this subject, including insulation, roof design, roof repair, roof membrane, roof maintenance, rain gutters, heat tape, wall repair, mold problems, and more.

Licensed Home Improvement can take care of ice dam issues for you, from preventative construction and maintenance, to correcting the damage after it happens.  For a free consultation call us at (800) 926-0409.

Licensed Home Improvement is licensed by the California State License Board, General Contractor License No. B592420.

What is an ice dam you say? An ice dam occurs when the warmth from the dwelling areas of your home escapes into the attic and melts snow on the roof. The melted snow (aka: water) runs downhill until it reaches the eaves (which are usually not as warm) and freezes into solid ice.  This is what makes those beautiful icicles (which are a dead give-away that you may have an ice dam problem). A few days of this and your roof has built up a dam of ice that holds the melted snow behind it.  So what’s the problem with this, you say.  The problem is that most roofs are made to shed water, not hold it.  When water sits on your roof, it will probably find a way into your house, causing damages ranging from peeling paint to serious mold issues. And this doesn’t even include the potential damage to your roof when the ice dam is chopped out by that helpful and handy neighbor!

Building codes in cold climate areas usually attempt to address this problem by requiring special roofing membrane materials at and above the eaves of your house.  This is good, and only part of the solution, which includes other items such as effective insulation strategy.

Return to this site for future blogs on useful and related information about this subject, including insulation, roof design, roof repair, roof membrane, roof maintenance, rain gutters, heat tape, wall repair, mold problems, and more.

Licensed Home Improvement can take care of ice dam issues for you, from preventative construction and maintenance, to correcting the damage after it happens.  For a free consultation call us at (800) 926-0409.

Licensed Home Improvement is licensed by the California State License Board, General Contractor License No. B592420.

Damage could be hiding under those beautiful icicles!

I just watched my favorite show in Discovery Channel – Man Made Marvels featuring Singapore’s Changi Airport. I just love the show because it showcased detailed information in building this cool airport’s terminal 3 – radical roof design that opens up at certain time of the day, and about improving the whole runways without disrupting the busiest airport in Southeast Asia. The fact that the terminal 3 airport’s roof is the biggest heaviest roof there is, surely, this airport is a man made marvel. This one, is simply, a battle of ‘air supremacy’.

In the Southeast Island states, Singapore is considered as an economic giant. Its success lies in its location where it’s sort of, a crossing point between two worlds. This made the place Asia’s first aviation hub, which can accommodate a staggering more than 10 000 people.

Of course, there are rivals in terminal efficiencies. Along with South Korea, Hong Kong and Kuala Lumpur, Singapore can accommodate more passengers there is, and it is equally important to design the new terminal with a maximum capacity in mind to meet rising demands.

Terminal 3 is the largest terminal with stunningly designs: spacious walls of glass and a giant see-through roof, plus the captivating indoor greenery of bold designs of grass, greenery and natural lighting! But everything that is in there didn’t just materialize out in thin air. Terminal 3 is more like 63 soccer fields in size that can cater to more than 20 million. To top it all off, it can accommodate the world’s passenger jet, the Airbus A380. There are surely challenges that needed to be dealt with. At the heart of the airport are vital runways that can’t be shut down when the construction of the largest and heaviest roof begins. It is a dangerous process, and definitely, there are issues of safety in here.

The ingenious dominant design of the terminal three is made possible through the Lee Harryman, the Project Manager of CPG Consultants, the same design firm who worked Changi Airport’s Terminal 2 and 3. It is very crucial to build these for seven years in timely cost-effective manner. Even more crucial is building the heaviest roof, that would certainly make up the airport’s distinctive element – unique skylights to let the

natural lighting come through the whole building. It would minimize electricity use, surely.

Building the roof is a colossal task, mainly because it is heavy, of about 74,000 tons in weight. It would be a challenge to build this through cranes, as cranes may not be able to handle the whole foundation. So the solution is to prefabricate the roof in ten sections, and install the trusses one by one through a special ingenious method – transferring the trusses with the use of ten hydraulic jets, working exactly in the same pace, and mind you, the whole job really demands accuracy and precision.

One of the outstanding features about the roof is that it’s flat, which makes it differ from those conventional roofs out there. But with this design comes another stumbling block for the engineers: there should be an efficient draining system for the flat roof. Engineers need to face the forces of nature: the country’s tropical climate and its fierce tropical typhoons that could pose serious damage for the roof. Surely the flat roof stands out with its design, but it’s no good if it would collapse in immense strain due to the extreme rainfall conditions. But using advance technology and engineering, the designers manage to come up super efficient draining systems for the terminal. So cool!

Another superb thing about the airport is the glass walls. But the designers and engineers need to rethink the transparent design. So how would the glass deal with the sun’s unbearable heat? It may as well make the whole terminal 3 the world’s largest greenhouse there is. But the designer firm expert in glass mechanics and responsible for the glass walls, Hugh Doughton and Associates came out with really ingenious plans about the nature of the glass to be constructed. They came out with the idea of heat-eliminating glass, and this glass is tainted, embedded with dots to absorb heat, and finally selectively coated to be able to filter 70% of sun’s radiation. So the whole safety issue regarding the temperature of inside the terminal is readily solved. But aside from this, the engineers found out that when it comes to the terminal security weaknesses, the glass walls definitely pose threats of terrorism. So what the engineers and the designers did was to reinforce the glass design against bomb threats, as they found out that the glass entrance wall in the façade is the weakest in terms of security measures. So they built bullet-proof glass and they also put cable net walls that deflect 20 times and is safer against natural weather occurrences. The 15 km thick cables are indeed clear cuts indication of safety.

Singapore, considered as Asia’s Garden City takes the indoor design of the terminal 3 into a landscaping to the next level. When you arrive at the terminal you would surely feel good with the tropical greenery and the ambiance and the comfort the indoor landscape would give you. But how do they do it – taking landscaping to the next level without worrying the possibility of natural lighting overdose that could eventually kill the greenery? The project manager Christopp Gapp, together with his team devised a plan to control the indoor light level to manipulate the light that comes inside the terminal. Before building what they call skylights, they first made a scale model and found out that it is indeed successful. The skylights consist of butterfly panels that are controlled through motion sensors. So the terminal roof would allow soft daylight only at certain time of the day, and these panels would also change position with the sun’s changing position in the sky, sort of. Amazing really.

The runways of Changi airport was also strengthen, and the fact that the airport doesn’t have shut the everyday operational system is so cool. This runway makeover consists of widening the runways for another nine meters, to make way for the airbus A380. With the team’s super fast solutions, they did it, and they also manage to improve the baggage handling system.

Yep, I am always amazed with these stuffs.