I did quite a bit of research on this, and from the looks of it there a certain age groups that don’t seem to benefit from taking these medications, particularly those over 70 years old. Moreover, many studies show questionable results regarding the benefit of use associated with these medications for women, however, the general consensus among doctors is that the medication is overall beneficial, though many believe that it’s overused and for instances where the problem can be solved by nature a means, like exercise and proper diet, a certain number of physicians just prescribe the medication anyways, instead of following through and making sure that patients stick to a healthy proper diet and regular exercise regime. Obviously in today’s pace of life a lot of people just choose the easy way of taking the cholesterol-lowering medication and not bothering with lifestyle changes necessary to take the issue under control, and quite honestly, knowing how insane the pace could be, it’s difficult to blame them.

Source : http://marlenescorner.blogspirit.com/archive/2011/12/06/statins-medication-for-lowering-cholesterol.html

“Following a group of veterans with dyslipidemia for an average of 10 years, Dr Peter F Kokkinos Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington DC and colleagues show that both statin therapy and increased fitness lower mortality significantly and independently of other clinical characteristics. The study is the first to look at this issue and “offers some unique and clinically relevant information,” they say. “The combination of statin treatment and an exercise capacity of more than 5 [peak metabolic equivalents] METs lowers mortality risk substantially more than either alone.”

via Synergistic effect of statins and exercise on mortality risk in dyslipidemia | theheart.org (subscription required; alternative links in the related article links below)

This isn’t really earth-shattering news:  people with heart issues who exercise up to an exertion level of 5 metabolic equivalents (five times as much work as being sound asleep) have a much higher survival outcome.

It should be said that being able to do moderate ability is an indication that you’re in better shape; what’s interesting in this study result is that moderate exercise — fast walking, shoveling snow, roller skating — yields amazingly positive health results.

This weekend:  here’s the deal.  Get off the computer and go do something.

Here’s a handy list of activities. Scroll down to 5 METs or more, find some things you can do that you will do, and go do.

Related articles

• Fitness highly effective for lowering cholesterol (cbc.ca)
• Statins Used For Cholesterol Control Together With Physical Fitness Reduce Death Rate (medicalnewstoday.com)
• Statins and Exercise, Independently Beneficial, Even Better In Combination (forbes.com)
• Statins – Risk vs Benefit (livingsimplywell.wordpress.com)
• Statins Plus Exercise Best at Lowering Cholesterol, Veterans Affairs Medical Center Study (biospace.com)
• Statins Plus Exercise Best at Lowering Cholesterol, Study Finds (nlm.nih.gov)
• Exercise can be more effective at cutting deaths than statins: research (refreshingnews99.blogspot.com)
• Look AHEAD stopped for futility | theheart.org (notbiganymore.wordpress.com)

Unfortunately for me, I was born with genetically high cholesterol.  In the 90′s I wasn’t eating red meat and relative to my family and friends would have been considered a very healthy eater.  I had my cholesterol tested and it was in the 268 range – - what?  I couldn’t believe it.  I worked out, ate healthy, ran a few miles every-other-day and my cholesterol was >100 points higher than my wife’s and definitely in the danger zone.  I talked with my doctor and moved to a diet that would frustrate a rabbit following the path of Siddhartha.  It didn’t help.  As a result, in addition doubling down on a very healthy nutrition plan, I began taking a statin.  I know there are health advocates and professionals with the philosophy that all things can and should be managed without a man-made medication, but I made my decision.  With my fitness and nutrition regimen and daily dose of medication my cholesterol clocks in around 130 and my ratio of good (HDL) to bad (LDL) is where it should be.  

The bad news, as I was told back in the 90′s by my doctor, “don’t eat grapefruit, or drink any grapefruit juice while on this medication.”  No more greyhounds and no more tangy, tart sweet goodness.  So I haven’t had grapefruit in many years.  The interesting thing is that I always assumed something as cool and natural as grapefruit, which typically is a prevalent part of a healthy diet (and many weight loss plans), could at worst dilute the effectiveness of the cholesterol lowering drug.  Wrong!  The research has demonstrated significant health risks associated with the interaction of grapefruit with statins (e.g. Lipitor) and a number of other medications treating everything from anxiety and depression to malaria.  The interaction can cause organ failure and in some cases instant death.

Some of this research is discussed and summarized in “Grapefruit and Medications May Be a Deadly Mix” by Lisa Collier Cool on Yahoo!Health.  Worth a read.

…

Small steps add up!

Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals Inc. says it is calling back bottles of its 10-, 20- and 40-milligram tablets of atorvastatin calcium, the generic version of the widely prescribed anti-cholesterol drug Lipitor. A total of 41 lots of 90- and 500-count bottles are subject to the recall, the company said.

“The recall is being conducted at the retail level for such select batches that may contain a foreign substance (small glass particles approximately less than 1mm in size),” Ranbaxy’s U.S. subsidiary said in a statement on its website. “Ranbaxy is proactively recalling the drug product lots out of an abundance of caution, and in keeping the safety of our customers in mind.”

*A full list of the recalled lots can be found here

Ranbaxy said its action was taken “with the full knowledge” of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which granted the company its approval to manufacture the drug at a plant in New Jersey in 2011.

India-based Ranbaxy came under fire from FDA officials over conditions at two Indian plants in 2006 and 2008. That led to a January 2012 agreement with the Justice Department that cited the company for submitting false data to the FDA and barred the company from manufacturing drugs for the American market at those facilities until they could meet U.S. standards.

Cholesterol lowering statins found to damage peripheral nerves

© GreenMedInfo

Have the nerve-damaging properties of statin drugs now been confirmed? There are over 300 adverse health effects associated with the use of this chemical class of cholesterol-lowering medications known as statins, with myotoxicity (muscle-damaging) and neurotoxicity (nerve-damaging) top on the list. When will the FDA step in and warn the public, as proof of the problem in the biomedical literature reaches an alarming level of clarity?

The neurotoxicity of statin drugs are back in the news. Following on the heels of the FDA decision earlier this year to require statin drugs manufacturers to add “memory loss” as a side effect of this chemical class, a new study in published in the Journal of Diabetes reveals a clear association between statin use and peripheral neuropathy in a US population 40 years of age and older.

The study found “The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy was significantly higher among those who used statins compared to those who did not (23.5% vs. 13.5%; p < 0.01),” which is a 75% increase in relative risk.

Case reports of statin-induced peripheral neuropathy have existed in the medical literature for over 15 years.[i] Now, larger human studies are confirming that statin drugs do damage to the peripheral nerves. Moreover, much of the damage is occurring below the threshold of clinical surveillance, silently causing harm in unsuspecting patients.

For example, in 2011, the results of a 36-month prospective clinical and neurophysiological follow-up of patients treated with statins over 3 years was published in the journal Neuro Endocrinology Letters, revealed in forty-two patients that despite the fact that they did not report subjective symptoms typical for peripheral neuropathy, damage was occurring.[ii] They concluded: “The study confirmed that long-term treatment with statins caused a clinically silent but still definite damage to peripheral nerves when the treatment lasts longer than 2 years.” Click the hyperlink to view all 9 studies on statin-induced peripheral neuropathy on Greenmedinfo.com. Or, view an even more sizeable dataset (54 studies) on statin-associated neurotoxicity.

While this research is adding to a growing awareness of the nerve-damaging properties of statins, this side effect is just the tip of a massive iceberg of under reported deleterious effects. For example, our project has identified 314 possible adverse effects of statins thus far. Conversely, we have identified a wide range of health benefits of cholesterol, running diametrically opposed to the over-simplification inherent in the cholesterol hypothesis (some say “cholesterol myth“) of heart disease causation.

For those who are interested in learning more about natural cholesterol modulating substances, or better, yet the wider array of research relevant to cardiovascular health, visit our Health Guide: Heart Health.

References:

• [i] T Phan, J G McLeod, J D Pollard, O Peiris, A Rohan, J P Halpern. Peripheral neuropathy associated with simvastatin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 May ;58(5):625-8. PMID: 7745415

• [ii] Pavel Otruba, Petr Kanovsky, Petr Hlustik. Treatment with statins and peripheral neuropathy: results of 36-months a prospective clinical and neurophysiological follow-up. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2011 Sep 3 ;32(5):688-690. Epub 2011 Sep 3. PMID: 22167150

Related articles

• Cholesterol Lowing Statins Found To Damage Peripheral Nerves (activistpost.com)
• Could My Cholesterol Lowering Medication be causing Peripheral Neuropathy? (askdrhulsey.com)
• Guest Post: Peripheral Neuropathy (brendamarroyauthor.com)
• Drug Induced Peripheral Neuropathy; Can It Be the Cause of Your Numbness or Pain? (drbell.typepad.com)
• How millions are tricked into ingesting harmful statins (sott.net)
• First comprehensive paper on statins’ adverse effects released: Benefits have not been found to exceed their risks in those over 70 or 75 years old, even those with heart disease (engineeringevil.com)
• Concerned about myopathy from statins? You should be. (wisdomandhealth.com)
• Statins alternative ‘lowers cholesterol by two-thirds’ (telegraph.co.uk)

by

Jonny BOWDEN and Stephen SINATRA

240 pages

Published on November 1st 2012, by Fair Winds Press

Copy received from Fair Winds Press and Edelweiss

MY THOUGHTS ABOUT THIS BOOK

I read The Great Cholesterol Myth to help someone struggling with heart issues.

I did not read every word of this book, but enough to tell you how good it is and to present its strong points.

First of all, I received the ebook, and it’s a beautiful book, clear, very easy to read, with a line or 2 summed up on each page, highlighted in boxes, as well as many charts and graphics. There are many bullet lists and testimonies.

The book starts by debunking the myth that cholesterol is an indicator of heart disease, as well as the now completely outdated concept of bad/good cholesterol. Cholesterol is actually harmless, and even an essential component of all cell membranes! The BIG problem is actually inflammation of the heart, which begins with oxidation.

The “demon”, as the authors call it, is not fat, but sugar!, and stress.

Then they explain the statin scam, unfortunately recommended by the big pharma, and what it does actually to your system – not too good for your memory and your muscles! It is even BAD for you in the long run, the only exception being if you are middle-aged with coronary artery disease. Only in this case can it show some potential benefit.

So what’s the healthy alternative to take care of your heart?

• Supplements, especially magnesium, “the great relaxer”
• CoQ10, called here “energy fuel for the heart”
• fibers
• exercise
• healthy weight (BMI < 25)
• staying away from sugar, cigarettes, alcohol, and stress, “the silent killer”
• But the “ultimate wellness molecule” is the omega-3!

They also talk about the “no trans-fats” scam:
just ignore that label. Instead, look at the list of ingredients, and stay away from hydrogenated oils and partially hydrogenated oils (canola for instance!). Choose instead extra-virgin oil.

I found the table on p.86 on good and bad carbs especially helpful., as well as p.176 on what to do for a healthy heart.
Pages 160-164 on how thoughts and feelings affect your heart were very enlightening.

I had never heard of the polymeal before, that is, the perfect theoretical meal:
read wine, fish. almonds, garlic, fruits, vegetables, and dark chocolate (meaning, with at least 60% dark cocoa).
Turmeric, pomegranate juice, and green tea are also excellent for your heart.

The books ends with a glossary, lots of reference notes, and an index.

If you have some heart concern, I highly recommend this book.

WHAT IS IT ABOUT

Heart disease is the #1 killer. However, traditional heart disease protocols–with their emphasis on lowering cholesterol–have it all wrong. Emerging science is showing that cholesterol levels are a poor predictor of heart disease and that standard prescriptions for lowering it, such as ineffective low-fat/high-carb diets and serious, side-effect-causing statin drugs, obscure the real causes of heart disease. Even doctors at leading institutions have been misled for years based on creative reporting of research results from pharmaceutical companies intent on supporting the $31-billion-a-year cholesterol-lowering drug industry.

The Great Cholesterol Myth reveals the real culprits of heart disease…

Bestselling health authors Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., and Stephen Sinatra, M.D. give readers a 4-part strategy based on the latest studies and clinical findings for effectively preventing, managing, and reversing heart disease, focusing on diet, exercise, supplements, and stress and anger management.

Get proven, evidence-based strategies from the experts with The Great Cholesterol Myth. [from Goodreads]

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Jonny Bowden, Ph.D., C.N.S., a board-certified nutritionist with a master’s degree in psychology, is a nationally known expert on nutrition, weight loss, and health. He is the author of several best-selling titles, including The 150 Healthiest Foods on Earth, The Most Effective Ways to Live Longer, and The 150 Most Effective Ways to Boost Your Energy. He is the nutrition editor for Pilates Style, a contributing editor for Clean Eating, and a columnist for both America Online and Better Nutrition. His work has been featured in dozens of national publications (print and online) including The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, Forbes, Time, Oxygen, Marie Claire, Diabetes Focus, US Weekly, Cosmopolitan, Family Circle, Self, Fitness, Allure, Essence, Men’s Health, Weight Watchers, Prevention, Woman’s World, Fitness, Natural Health, and Shape. He lives in Woodland Hills, CA. Visit http://www.jonnybowden.com.

Stephen Sinatra, M.D., is a board-certified cardiologist, educator, and author who created the Manchester, CT-based Heart MD Institute (http://www.heartmdinstitute.com) as an educational platform focused on prevention and proactive lifestyle changes to live a healthier life. He is the author of Reverse Heart Disease Now, The Sinatra Solution, Lower Your Blood Pressure in Eight Weeks, and Heart Sense for Women. He has also contributed to several prestigious peer-reviewed medical journals, including the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Heart Disease, CT Medicine, and the Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation.

DO YOU FEEL LIKE READING THIS BOOK?
WHAT’S YOUR SOLUTION FOR A HEALTHY HEART?
SHARE YOUR THOUGHTS  IN A COMMENT PLEASE

Cholesterol Reduction

Cholesterol Production

 Statins are drugs that can lower your Cholesterol. Statins work by blocking a substance your body needs to make Cholesterol. Statins hamper with the production of cholesterol in your liver. Statins block the enzyme in the liver that is responsible for making Cholesterol. This enzyme is called hydroxy-methylglutaryl-coenzyme. Statins are referred to as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, scientifically. Statins lower Bad Cholesterol Levels, raise Good Cholesterol Levels, and can slow down the formation of plaques in your arteries. Statins lower the chances of a heart attack and death in a group who have an elevated risk of developing Heart Disease or who already have Heart Disease.

Types of Statins available

There are two groups of Statins available:

1)    Synthetic
Atorvastatin
Cerivastatin
Fluvastatin
Pitavastatin
Rosuvastatin

2)    Fermentation-derived
Lovastatin
Mevastatin
Pravastatin
Simvastatin

Benefits of Statins

Statin Cholesterol Control Process

Beneficial effects of Statin include:

• Statin improves on the whole vascular function
• Statins reduce the size of plaques in the arteries.
• Statins stabilize plaques there by reducing the chance of rupture and reduce chance of acute heart attacks.
• Statin reduces inflammation, believed to be an important component of plaque formation and rupture.
• Statin reduces CRP levels
• Statin reduces formation of blood clots. main cause of plaque rupture and heart attacks are considered to be Blood Clots.

Side effects of Statin Drugs

Lifestyle strategies represent a holistic approach to control Cholesterol and it will benefit overall health also. Side effects of Statins include:-

• Damage to muscle tissue leading to body aches, muscle symptoms are a very common adverse events. Myopathy, involving actual damage to muscle tissue, can be very serious.
• May cause damage to Kidneys
• Elevated liver function tests, changes in liver function occur in some people and blood test monitoring may be required.
• Elevated Blood Sugar, People on Cholesterol Lowering Statins are more likely to develop Diabetes or High Blood Sugar problems
• Depletion of coq10, those taking Statins may consider also supplementing with 30 or 50 mg of coq10 two or three days a week.
• Slight damage to Brain Cells may occur, leading to mild impairment of mental function. Another way to minimize adverse effects is to take the pills every other day rather than on a daily basis.
• Neuropathy may be another concern. Statins can also trigger underlying neuromuscular conditions.
• Statin drug use may be associated with an increased risk for Prostate Cancer, particularly in those who are obese.
• Statin may increase Breast Cancer risk in certain women.
• Statin use may increases the risk for Cataracts in the eye.

Precautionary Measures for using Statin Drug

Statin Therapy may be indicated if the HDL level falls below 40 mg/dL or if the ratio between “bad” (LDL) cholesterol and HDL is greater than 3.3. With higher HDL Levels, little benefit is achieved with Statin therapy. Statin Drugs should be used if diet and natural supplements have not been successful in lowering Very High Cholesterol Levels. Most people who need a Statin should take the lowest dose that reduces their LDL Cholesterol to an acceptable “target” level, because higher doses pose a greater risk of serious side effects, such as muscle, kidney, and liver problems. Some people such as those who suffered from a heart attack may require a higher dose.

• Do not use Statins during pregnancy and nursing.
• Do not use Statins if you have liver disease.
• Drinking grapefruit juice (qt or more can affect Statin medications).
• Those who use niacin, birth control pills, Nefazodone and HIV medicines need to consult doctor about the risks involved using Statins.
• In case you are taking Gemfibrozil, Amiodarone, Verapamil, Fenofibrates, blood thinners (anticoagulants) use Statins with caution.

Methods to Avoid Statin Drug

Statin drugs lowers Cholesterol at the cost of your health; measures mentioned below can ensure a healthy cardiovascular system.

• Optimize your vitamin D levels by appropriate sun exposure for normalizing your cholesterol levels and preventing heart disease.
• Reduce grains and sugars in your diet.
• Consume a good portion of your food raw.
• Include plenty of high quality, animal-based omega 3 fats in your diet.
• Include olive oil, coconut and coconut oil, organic raw dairy products and eggs, avocados, raw nuts and seeds, and organic grass-fed meats in your diet.
• Exercise at least 30 Minutes minimum four days a week.
• Manage stress
• Avoid smoking
• Avoid drinking alcohol excessively.
• Get plenty of good, recuperative sleep.
• Drink red grapefruit juice

Related articles

• Red yeast rice lowers cholesterol, prevents heart disease as effectively as statins (foodconsumer.org)
• New Drugs for Lipids Set Off Race (nytimes.com)
• How millions are tricked into ingesting harmful statins (sott.net)
• Statins alternative ‘lowers cholesterol by two-thirds’ (telegraph.co.uk)

My kind of Statin: Rafael Statin [6685Crop] (Photo credit: Juan N Only)

I wanted to compare the result to the effect of taking statins every day for the rest of your life.  Anyone over fifty is familiar with the idea that the conventional doctors view statins as the next best thing to sliced bread.  We all should bathe in the stuff.  Unfortunately between 6-8% of the population develops muscle cramping on the statins.  So the following is for you.

In a huge review of the effect of statins, the authors concluded that the benefit of statins on heart failure was significant, about 30%.  So it equaled the effect of having fish twice a month.  But only for those who had already had heart attacks.  To quote the study primary (before your heart attack): ”prevention with statins provides only small and clinically hardly relevant improvement of cardiovascular morbidity/mortality.”

So if you’ve had a heart attack, have your statins.  But if you are trying to prevent a heart attack, start with fish regularly before you sign up for the statin-a-day for life program.

Here are the studies:

Plasma and dietary omega-3 fatty acids, fish intake, and heart failure risk in the Physicians’ Health Study

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 09/23/2012  Clinical Article

Wilk JB et al. – The data are consistent with an inverse and nonlinear relation of plasma phospholipid α–linolenic acid (ALA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), but not EPA or DHA, with heart failure (HF) risk. Fish consumption greater than once per month was associated with a lower HF risk.

Methods

•The authors used nested case–control (n = 1572) and prospective cohort study designs (n = 19,097).

• Plasma phospholipid n–3 FAs were measured by using gas chromatography, and food–frequency questionnaires were used to assess dietary n–3 FAs and fish intake.

•Incident HF was ascertained via annual follow–up questionnaires and validated in a subsample.

Results

• The mean age was 58.7 y at blood collection.

• In a multivariable model, plasma α–linolenic acid (ALA) was associated with a lower risk of HF in a nonlinear fashion (P–quadratic trend = 0.02), and the lowest OR was observed in quintile 4 (0.66; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.94).

• Plasma EPA and DHA were not associated with HF, whereas plasma docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) showed a nonlinear inverse relation with HF for quintile 2 (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.79).

• Dietary marine n–3 FAs showed a trend toward a lower risk of HF in quintile 4 (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.02) and a nonlinear pattern across quintiles.

• Fish intake was associated with a lower risk of HF, with RRs of 0.70 for all categories of fish consumption greater than one serving per month.

Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Dec;41(12):567-77.

Use of statins in primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. Meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Vrecer M, Turk S, Drinovec J, Mrhar A.

Source

Krka, Novo mesto, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the relative risk reduction of the clinical outcomes (coronary events, strokes, cardiovascular, non-cardiovascular and all-cause mortality) associated with statin therapy in primary and secondary prevention.

DATA SOURCES:

A literature search of the Medline and Cohrane databases for articles published from 1985 to July 2002 was performed. The data on systematic reviews and preliminary reports were also included in this study. Primary and secondary prevention trials and regression trials were eligible. DATA EXTRACTION AND STATISTICAL METHOD: Data were extracted by 2 authors according to the defined inclusion criteria. Disagreements were resolved by consensus or by a third reviewer. Testing for heterogeneity was applied and on the basis of these results a fixed effect model or a random effect model was used for calculation of relative risk values (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Sensitivity analysis tested the impact of the individual study–duration of study, type of statin therapy and study size. The number of patients needed to treat was calculated as an absolute measure of clinical effectiveness of statin therapy when appropriate.

RESULTS:

Data from 15 trials with 63,410 participants and mean duration of treatment of 3.6 years, were included in this overview. Tests for heterogeneity showed that the variability between study estimates is sufficiently small to assume that they are estimating the same underlying treatment effect. Statin therapy was associated with a 22% reduction in total cholesterol, 29% reduction in LDL cholesterol, 12% reduction in triglycerides and 6% increase in HDL cholesterol. Overall (primary and secondary studies) statin therapy significantly reduces relative risk of coronary events (RR, 0.73, 95% CI, 0.68, 0.77, *p < 0.0001), relative risk of cardiovascular disease mortality (RR, 0.78, 95% CI, 0.73, 0.84, *p < 0.0001), relative risk of non-fatal stroke (RR, 0.74, 95% CI, 0.67, 0.82, *p < 0.0001), relative risk of total (fatal and non-fatal) stroke (RR, 0.77, 95% CI, 0.70, 0.84, *p < 0.001) and relative risk of all-cause death (RR, 0.85, 95% CI, 0.81, 0.89, *p < 0.0001). There was a slight and insignificant reduction of relative risk in non-cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.94, 95% CI, 0.86, 1.03, p = 0.1677) and fatal strokes (RR, 0.86, 95% CI, 0.70, 1.07, p = 0.1912). Sensitivity analysis showed the robustness of our results for all outcomes. The results were not altered if an individual study was removed from meta-analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:

This overview indicates that statin treatment reduces the relative risk of occurrence of coronary events, cardiovascular disease mortality, non-fatal strokes and all-cause mortality. While secondary prevention with statins provides considerable improvement of cardiovascular morbidity/mortality, primary prevention with statins provides only small and clinically hardly relevant improvement of cardiovascular morbidity/mortality.

PMID: 14692706

Related articles

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• How millions are tricked into ingesting harmful statins (sott.net)
• Statin Use and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies (plosone.org)
• Statins in new health alert (express.co.uk)
• Confirmed Again: Statin Drugs Accelerate Cardiovascular Disease (foodconsumer.org)
• Canadian scientists discover cause of high cholesterol (sunnewsnetwork.ca)
• Why the drugs don’t work: Scientist discover why statins aren’t effective in 40% of patients (dailymail.co.uk)
• Eat fish to prevent heart failure (douglassreport.com)
• Ask Dr. K: Treatment of heart failure depends on cause (goerie.com)
• Eating fish can prevent heart disease (news.bioscholar.com)