Stroke caused by blood clots or other obstructions – ischaemic stroke – accounts for 80% of all cases.
A blockage is called a cerebral thrombus or cerebral embolism and can be caused by atherosclerosis – hardening of the arteries.
In both types of stroke – those caused by blood clots and those caused by burst blood vessels – blood supply to the brain is interrupted, depriving the cells of oxygen and other nutrients. The cells are then damaged or die.
Mini-strokes, or transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs), may be a warning sign of an imminent full-blown stroke.
Embolic
In an embolic stroke, a blood clot – or embolus – forms somewhere in the body, usually the heart, and travels through the bloodstream to the brain.
Once in the brain, the clot eventually travels to a blood vessel small enough to block its passage. The clot lodges there, blocking the blood vessel and causing a stroke.
Thrombotic
In the other form of blood-clot stroke, blood flow is impaired because of a blockage to one or more of the arteries supplying blood to the brain – a thrombus.
The process leading to this blockage is known as thrombosis and strokes caused in this way are called thrombotic strokes.
In atrial fibrillation, where the two upper chambers of the heart – the atria – quiver instead of beating properly, blood is not properly pumped out of the heart. As a result it may form clots and if the clot becomes lodged in an artery in the brain, a stroke may result.
The American Heart Association says arond 15% of strokes are caused in this way.
Blood clot strokes can also happen as the result of unhealthy blood vessels clogged with a build up of fatty deposits and cholesterol.
The body regards these build ups as multiple, tiny and repeated injuries to the blood vessel wall and reacts as it would to bleeding from a wound, by forming clots.
The symptoms of stroke:
Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, particularly if it is on one side of the body
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding. Sudden difficulty with walking, dizziness, loss of balance or co-ordination
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Sudden severe headache with no known cause
Anyone identifying themselves or friends or family as having a stroke should call emergency services, not a GP, as any delay reduces the chance of a full recovery.
The speed of treatment after a stroke is extremely important as the longer the brain cells are deprived of oxygen, the more damage they will suffer.
Treatment
Clot-busting drugs can be used in the first minutes or hours – up to a maximum of three hours – after an ischaemic stroke to dissolve the clot.
After this time aspirin, which is not as powerful, may be given.
Survival rates are better for patients in specialist stroke units, because of the expert nature of staff and early use of rehabilitation, but such units are not always available.
Rehabilitation programmes will be given to most stroke patients to help them recover lost mobility and speech.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/medical_notes/g-i/764070.stm

Series of articles in BBC ;very useful.
INTRODUCTION
The UK has one of the highest rates of death from heart disease in the world – one British adult dies from the disease every three minutes – and stroke is the country’s third biggest killer, claiming 70,000 lives each year.
Heart attacks occur when blood flow is blocked, often by a blood clot, while strokes are caused either by blocked or burst blood vessels in the brain. A range of other conditions, including heart failure, when blood is not pumped properly around the body, and congenital heart defects can also cause long term problems, and even death, for sufferers.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/health/2000/heart_disease/default.stm

Beautiful woman
touched with grey
wake for me now
I have much to say

So many years
never to part
I must tell you
what’s in my heart

Woman of beauty
bonnet of white
Wake for me now
rise and fight

I kissed your lips
you could not tell
I’ll kiss you more
until you are well

Beautiful woman
my wife and friend
wake for me now
on you I depend

Holding your hand
I’m weak and weep
right here I’ll stand
I shall not sleep

Woman of grace
I stroke your hair
having faith that
you know I’m there

To have and to hold
never to part
WAKE FOR ME NOW
you hold my heart

On bended knee
I pray my Lord
Heal this woman
That I adore

Woman of beauty
love of my life
I’m truly blessed
you are my wife

*** Written after my mother had a stroke and I watched my father caring for her. This is how I think he felt.***

Beautiful woman
touched with grey
wake for me now
I have much to say

So many years
never to part
I must tell you
what’s in my heart

Woman of beauty
bonnet of white
Wake for me now
rise and fight

I kissed your lips
you could not tell
I’ll kiss you more
until you are well

Beautiful woman
my wife and friend
wake for me now
on you I depend

Holding your hand
I’m weak and weep
right here I’ll stand
I shall not sleep

Woman of grace
I stroke your hair
having faith that
you know I’m there

To have and to hold
never to part
WAKE FOR ME NOW
you hold my heart

On bended knee
I pray my Lord
Heal this woman
That I adore

Woman of beauty
love of my life
I’m truly blessed
you are my wife

***written after my mother had a stroke. I watched my father and this is how I believe he felt.

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Ayah kolegaku yang sudah lansia terjatuh dikamar, beliau tinggal dirumah ditemani istri yang juga sudah tua dan seorang pembantu. Semua orang dirumah tersebut menganggap kalau lanisa jatuh sebagai hal yang biasa. Saat sang sopir keluarga ke rumah kolegaku bercerita kalau ayahnya jatuh dan sempat perot, maka segeralah dia meluncur kerumah orang tuanya.

Dia meminta ayahnya untuk mengeja huruf alphabet dari A sampai dengan Z untuk mengecek kemampuan berbicara, dan ketika dilihatnya sang ayah bisa mengucapkan dengan baik dan mulut sudah tidak mencong serta kakinya juga sudah bisa digerakkan maka kolegaku menganggapnya semua sudah baik lalu pulang kerumah. Tapi karena risau kemudian kolegaku konsultansi dengan dokter yang merawat ayahnya, dokter keluarga tersebut menyarankan untuk segera di bawa ke rumah sakit.

Di rumah sakit, langsung masuk ke unit stroke dan dibawah pengawasan intensif. Pada hari ke 5, mulut ayahnya mulai lagi mencong dan sisi badan sebelah kanan tidak bisa di gerakkan. Sampai dengan meninggalkan rumah sakit, sisi badan sebelah kanan masih menderita kelumpuhan dan mulutnya belum pulih seperti kondisi sedia kala.

Orang awam mengira, kalau serangan stroke akan langsung bereaksi pada saat terjadi serangan atau terjatuh. Pada kasus ayah kolegaku tersebut, reaksi awal langsung terjadi pada hari serangan dan serangan hebat muncul pada hari ke 5. Dari beberapa kasus serangan stroke, bisa dikatakan proses atau efek gangguan/kerusakan organ tubuh akibat serangan stroke berlangsung selama 7 hari, alias selama 7 hari tersebut pasien masih bisa menunjukkan gejala kerusakan organ tubuh dari yang paling ringan sampai yang paling berat.

Biasanya serangan pertama masih dalam tahap serangan ringan, pada serangan-serangan berikutnya akan mengalami peningkatan. Sehingga keluarga penderita harus mewaspadai kemungkinan-kemungkinan ini. Dengan meningkatkan kewaspadaan pada masa kritis diharapkan semoga kerusakan permanen bisa dihindari bahkan kemungkinan mengarah pada kematian. Lebih baik meningkatkan kewaspadaan dari pada kecolongan.

Patients are more likely to see a consultant on admission to hospital, due to the increase in numbers of consultants in acute medicine, according to the annual consultant census from the Federation of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of the UK. The specialty of acute and general medicine has expanded by 23.3% in one year, reflecting the increasing importance of consultant physicians on the frontline of medical admissions. NHS Trusts are recognising the benefits of consultant-delivered care in this relatively new specialty in coping with the increase in acute medical admissions.

Another specialty experiencing a large increase is stroke medicine – an 85.2% increase from 27 physicians to 50, mostly in England. It is unclear if these posts are all entirely new or have been transferred from another specialty e.g. from geriatric medicine. The census will aim to find this out next year. This increase is excellent news for the care of stroke patients, and reflects the prioritisation of stroke care in Lord Darzi’s quality agenda. © Royal College of Physicians of London

• Full press release
• Headlines from the 2008 Census

Well people I could really do with your help. I am fundraising for the stroke society and the event is a sponsered power jump (which is like a fast rope decent) on the 3rd December in Rotheram. The original event was meant to be a normal abseil down the Cunard building a few weeks back but cos the waether sucked on the day it was cancelled. You can donate by going to justgiving.com and clicking the donate button.

Anything you can give is appreciated but please click the giftaid button, it means that for every pound you donate the government will give is 23p extra

Thanks peeps,
Jay

Hi ya’ll!

I’m still in the hospital but my daughter brought me a laptop so I can talk to you. I can’t talk for long because the longer I talk, the better your chances are of noticing that I’m quite confused. I wouldn’t like that at all. They keep asking me stuff like “What day is it?”, “Who’s the president?” and “Where are we now?” I keep crib notes written in the palm of my hand but that only works for 24 hours before I have to get new notes.

I read the shirts of the people asking me those questions and it would seem as though I’m in Los Angeles and it’s November. Imagine my surprise! I thought I was in Atlanta and it was June. Oh well, it could be worse, I could have forgotten that I was divorced and that would suck. Instead, I seem to have a boyfriend and I didn’t even know it!

He’s a very nice man, he comes to see me every single day and I’m impressed with my taste in men. He’s rather good looking and he’s quite tall. He weighs twice as much as I do and I like that in a man. I’m afraid to ask him if we’ve had sex yet but I figure that as long as I’m in the hospital, it isn’t really an issue.

It appears as though I’ve had a stroke but other than a headache, I feel pretty good. My nurse just came in to give me pain medicine so I’m gonna let her. I’m glad that I wrote stuff everyday because at some point, I need to figure out what’s happened to me since June.

See ya soon!

Background: Nonverbal cognitive constructs are not well understood in patients with acquired aphasia due to stroke. The relative contribution of aphasia, particularly receptive language impairment, to nonverbal function is rarely quantified in studies, although it is assumed to be substantial.

Aims: The purpose of the present study was first to investigate the factor structure of some of the WAIS-III and WMS-III nonverbal tasks in patients with acquired aphasia due to stroke using confirmatory factor-analytic techniques. Second, we sought to determine the degree to which aphasia severity (both auditory comprehension and oral expression), as measured by the Language Competency Index (LCI) of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (Goodglass et al., 2001), would account for variance in nonverbal cognitive task performance.

Methods & Procedures: The present study investigated the factor structure of widely used nonverbal cognitive tasks in 136 patients with aphasia due to single left hemisphere stroke, and sought to determine the degree to which language impairment accounted for nonverbal skill. Outcomes & Results: A single factor model representing nonverbal (perceptual) constructs provided the best model fit to the data. The underlying factor structure of nonverbal constructs in patients with aphasia mirrors the structure observed in healthy adults. Although the correlations between language impairment measures and nonverbal skills were moderate, language competence accounted for a minority (about a quarter) of the variance in nonverbal skills.

Conclusions: We conclude that impairment in nonverbal cognitive ability is not fully explained by language competence in people with aphasia.

from Aphasiology

Other Names: Cerebral Hemorrhage

A stroke is a medical emergency. Strokes occur when blood flow stops the brain. In just a few minutes, brain cells begin to die. There are two types of stroke. The most common type, called ischemic stroke, is caused by a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood vessel in the brain. The other kind, called hemorrhagic stroke, is caused by a ruptured blood vessel that bleeds down into the brain. The “mini-strokes” or transient ischemic attacks, occur when the blood supply to the brain is briefly interrupted.

The symptoms of a stroke are:

* Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg (especially on one side of the body)
* Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
* Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
* Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination of movements
* Sudden headache with no known cause, severe

If you have any of these symptoms, you should quickly go to a hospital to get treatment. Acute therapy for stroke is to stop the spill dissolving the clot or bleeding control. The post-stroke rehabilitation helps individuals overcome disabilities caused by the spill. Drug therapy with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents is the most common treatment for stroke.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

Aphasia is a disorder caused by damage to parts of the brain that control language. It can hinder reading, writing and expressing what you want to say. It is more common in adults who suffered a stroke. Other causes include brain tumors, infections, injuries and dementia. The type of problem you have and the severity will depend on the part of the brain damage suffered and the extent of it.

There are four main types:

* Expressive aphasia: the patient knows what you mean, but has difficulty to say or write
* Receptive aphasia: voice is heard or read a form, but does not find meaning to what they read or hear
* Anomic aphasia: has difficulty using the right words to describe objects, places or events
* Global aphasia: a patient can not speak, understand what they are told, read or write

Some people recover from aphasia without treatment. However, most need speech therapy as soon as possible.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

health

Moderate-to-high intensity exercise may help reduce stroke risk in older men but not in women.

New research examined over 3,000 men and women, average age 69, who were followed for about nine years. During that time, there were 238 strokes among the participants. At the start of the study, 20 percent of the participants said they did regular moderate-to-high intensity exercise such as jogging, swimming or tennis.  Some 41 percent said they did no physical activity. 

Men who did moderate-to-high intensity exercise were 63 percent less likely to have a stroke than people who didn’t exercise. Over five years, the baseline risk of ischemic stroke which is the leading type of stroke for all study participants was 4.3 percent; 2.7 percent for those who did moderate-to-high intensity exercise and 4.6 percent for those who didn’t exercise.

The study conducted by researchers at Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital at Columbia appears in the Nov. 24 issue of the journal Neurology.  Taking part in moderate-to-heavy intensity physical activity may be an important factor for preventing stroke, noted the study’s author. 

A large percentage of the participants were not taking part in any physical activities. This may be true of many elderly people who live in cities. Identifying ways to improve physical activity among these people may be a key goal for public health.

Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States and the third leading cause of death according to the American Association for Critical Illness Insurance, the national trade organization.  This year some 600,000 Americans will suffer their first stroke.

posted by Jesse Slome
Executive Director
American Association for Critical Illness Insurance
American Association for Long-Term Care Insurance

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Laying here alone, a feeling of emptiness wondering what, when, why, where, and how. I position myself to the point of no return. I surendered myself to his calling I won’t turn back now. each time I feel the pain I remember the moment of awakening and the inability to utter a word correctly. I still give thanks. My determination was sent forth by an Angel, one who designed my heart my mind my body, my spirit. I can’t turn back now, this emptiness is just a place where God needs me to be. Time alone in his presence not concernnng myself with the who, what, when, why, or how. He had a devine order set for me, my position is to receive it and act on it. I pray this emptiness is the way out. I’m in my own way, I’m annointed, I’m blessed, and I’m speaking compete healing to all. Our lives are suppose to be testimonies that will bless someone else. Today as I lay here with this feeling of emptiness I realize that the power we have within us can change anything. I have the Power to change how I am feeling right now. My energy is flowing, I have just renewed my mind. This emptiness has just been fulfilled by the renewing of my mind. What can you change on this upcoming Thanksgiving that will allow you to renew your mind. let’s start by giving thanks for just being in our right minds.

Nearly $200 billion (with a “B”) in prescription drugs are purchased each year on heart disease and high blood pressure remedies, including high blood pressure pills and cholesterol lowering drugs. With all that money being spent by consumers we should be sitting confident and secure with nothing to worry about except the Big “C” and how these obscene “financial bailouts” will really impact our lives. Well, if you get a chance to read a new book; “How to Really Prevent and Cure Heart Disease” by Dr. Gottfried A. Lange, M.D., you may be able to regain some peace of mind.

Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death throughout the world. That is a profound statement, one that I did not know. I’d always thought that cancer or world hunger and starvation in emerging countries were the top mortality leaders. However, according to the World Health Organization, 1 in every 2 people continue to die from cardiovascular disease; heart attack or stroke. You would think with all of the wonder drugs out there, that these conditions would have been eradicated a long time ago.

Supported by over two decades of personal and professional research and backed by over 240 published peer review studies and reports, “How to Really Prevent and Cure Heart Disease” not only enlightens the reader as to the cause and effect of these fatal diseases, but it also provides natural and economical solutions to resolve them – in easy, layman’s terms.

How to Really Prevent and Cure Heart Disease, publishing by HealthNet Publishing and is available through the publishing and Amazon.