<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- generator="wordpress.com" -->
<rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	>

<channel>
	<title>supercavitation &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/supercavitation/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "supercavitation"</description>
	<pubDate>Wed, 10 Feb 2010 15:27:04 +0000</pubDate>

	<generator>http://en.wordpress.com/tags/</generator>
	<language>en</language>

<item>
<title><![CDATA[New submarine can travel at 100 knots, fight X-Men]]></title>
<link>http://threewordchant.com/2009/08/04/new-submarine-can-travel-at-100-knots-fight-x-men/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2009 15:40:32 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Three Word Chant</dc:creator>
<guid>http://threewordchant.com/2009/08/04/new-submarine-can-travel-at-100-knots-fight-x-men/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[DARPA, which has brought us everything from the Internet, to driverless cars, to telepathy, has deve]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1069" style="float:left;margin:0 10px 10px 0;" title="darpa sub" src="http://threewordchant.wordpress.com/files/2009/08/darpa-sub.jpg" alt="darpa sub" width="499" height="537" /><a href="http://www.darpa.mil">DARPA</a>, which has brought us everything from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET">the Internet</a>, to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge">driverless cars</a>, to <a href="http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2009/05/pentagon-preps-soldier-telepathy-push/">telepathy</a>, has developed a new submarine that can go four times as fast as existing models. Via <a href="http://www.popsci.com/military-aviation-amp-space/article/2009-07/darpa-readies-ultra-fast-mini-sub">Popular Science</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>The sub utilizes the phenomenon known as supercavitation. Supercavitation is the process wherein an object moves so fast through the water that it creates a gas bubble around itself, nearly eliminating drag. Unencumbered by the high drag of water, the object is free to speed along at much higher speeds than otherwise possible. Supercavitation has been known since the end of World War Two, and the Soviets succeeded in creating a torpedo that utilizes supercavitation for high-speed travel, but so far no one has succeeded in scaling the effect up to the size of a whole submarine.</p></blockquote>
<p>No one, that is, but <a href="http://media.comicvine.com/uploads/0/9490/203860-96389-magneto_super.jpg">Magneto</a>.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Lesson Learned]]></title>
<link>http://saywater.wordpress.com/2009/03/29/lesson-learned/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 29 Mar 2009 23:33:14 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>mttaggart</dc:creator>
<guid>http://saywater.wordpress.com/2009/03/29/lesson-learned/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[A canted-nose test body creates a cavity of air in high-velocity water&#8211;the process known as ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div align="center"><img style="max-width:800px;" src="http://cav.safl.umn.edu/images/gallery/safl-03-supercav.jpg" height="296" width="451" /></div>
<p>
<div align="center"><i>A canted-nose test body creates a cavity of air in high-velocity water&#8211;the process known as &#8220;supercavitation.&#8221;</i></p>
<div align="left">I&#8217;ve made no secret of <a href="http://saywater.wordpress.com/2009/02/11/on-flying/">my position</a> on <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/210799main_National_Space_Club_FINAL.pdf">Nasa&#8217;s exorbitant budget</a>. What has always saved the space program&#8211;and damned ocean exploration&#8211;is the romance of it. Astronauts lift off in a blaze and travel at unimaginable speeds, riding a hot rod to the gods. Meanwhile, undersea exploration takes place on grimy ships traveling at around 30 knots, dropping boxy submersibles (seldom manned) that move at a blistering 2-3 knots.</p>
<p>Exhilirating. </p>
<p>Even the military aspect of the submarine world seems lackluster. I mean, really, which has more sex appeal:</p>
<div align="center"><img style="max-width:800px;float:none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/USS_Virginia_%28SSN-774%29_bravo_sea_trials.jpg/800px-USS_Virginia_%28SSN-774%29_bravo_sea_trials.jpg" height="212" width="352" /></div>
<p>Or,</p>
<p>
<div align="center"><img style="max-width:800px;float:none;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/F-22F119.JPG/800px-F-22F119.JPG" height="177" width="332" /></div>
<p>Submariners, aka bubbleheads, don&#8217;t get to participate in this quiz. The benthic exposure has made you wrong in the head.</p>
<p>Anyhow, all this looks to change thanks to a wonderful phenomenon known as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/supercavitation">supercavitation</a>. Essentially, a correctly-shaped object traveling in excess of 100 knots will create enough of a water vapor bubble around itself that the object no longer obeys the laws of hydrodynamics, but rather aerodynamics. It&#8217;s traveling in air rather than water.</p>
<p>Air&#8217;s lower density than water means decreased drag in the supercavity. Result: much higher speeds with less energy. A jet, for instance, could work in a supercavity but not in water (since water is not compressible but air is).</p>
<p>The Russians, always pioneers of new and interesting ways to shoot stuff, threw a rocket on the back of a torpedo, gave it a funny-looking nose, and came up with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/va-111_shkval">Va-111 shkval</a>, or &#8220;Squall&#8221; torpedo, seen here:<br /><img style="max-width:800px;float:left;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-right:10px;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Shkval.jpg" height="414" width="276" /><br />Shkval is a very dangerous weapon, capable of delivering (nuclear?) warheads at up to 250 knots. For comparison, our all-purpose Mk-84 ADCAP torpedo does around 60.</p>
<p>The Russians developed the VA-111 somewhere between 1977 and 1990. Word is the Germans have a similar weapon now. America? Not so much.</p>
<p>Our primary interest in supercavitation has been developing supercavitating bullets for use by minesweepers. A good idea, but I found this an under-utilization of this technology.</p>
<p>I was thrilled, consequently, when in 2005, DARPA announced a project entitled &#8220;Underwater Express,&#8221; aimed at creating a 1/4 to 1/2 scale model of a manned submersible capable of 100+ knots using supercavitation. </p>
<p>&#8220;About time,&#8221; I thought. Money was to be awarded one year hence.</p>
<p>In November of 2006, two companies received DARPA money for Phase I of the project. $5.4 million went to Northrop Grumman, a tried-and-true DARPA project developer, having secured huge naval contracts like <i>Nimitz</i>-class aircraft carriers in the past. Their Newport News submarine facilities are legendary. </p>
<p>$5.75 million went to General Dynamics Electric Boat. These <i>are</i> the submarine people anymore. The <i>Seawolf</i> and <i>Virginia</i>-class submarines came from this contractor. If anyone could figure out how to make a manned supercavitational craft, it was EB.</p>
<p>Phase I of Underwater Express was meant to last 13 months, bringing the timeline to December of 2007. No reports, no press releases. The defense tech community seemed to forget about the project, or everyone who cared already had gotten word. </p>
<p>Curious about the progress, I recently emailed Northrop Grumman and Electric Boat, asking what happened to Underwater Express.</p>
<p>No comment from Northrop Grumman, and very vague information from Electric Boat. All I could learn is that EB proceeded to Phase II while NG did not. Here is the message I received from EB:</p>
<blockquote><p>EB has developed a revolutionary approach that combines high underwater speeds with unprecedented endurance &#8212; there are other methods to achieving super-fast submerged speeds, but nothing that allows you to sustain it over the distances that this technology would enable. </p>
<p>DARPA’s Underwater Express program is exploring the use of supercavitation, the phenomenon of reaching high speeds underwater by surrounding an object in a gas envelope, which reduces drag. DARPA and the company have agreed that phase two will include construction of an unmanned quarter-scale model of Underwater Express, about 2 feet in diameter and 25 feet long. This free-running vehicle will be used to evaluate controllability, speed and endurance. That had not been expected until Phase III under the original program, but it has now been folded into Phase II. Because the test models developed in phase one have shown very promising performance, we expect to meet several phase three goals in phase two. </p>
<p>Included on the Electric Boat team are Naval Undersea Warfare Center Newport, Alion Science &#38; Technology, Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock, Vehicle Control Technologies, Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Lab and Hamilton Sundstrand. </p></blockquote>
<p>So all goes well with American supercavitation. Any more specific information, I was told, would require a security clearance. </p>
<p>I learned two big lessons from this investigation. First, big secrets are often not hidden far beneath the surface. Second, it never hurts to ask, even if you&#8217;re asking big scary defense contractors. You might be surprised what you can learn. </p>
<p>I expect I&#8217;ll be doing more digging in the future.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="zemanta-pixie"><img class="zemanta-pixie-img" src="http://img.zemanta.com/pixy.gif?x-id=d3efe6a6-fd39-8c7f-95b1-0d54de574042" /></div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[La technique de l'Hydroptère]]></title>
<link>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/03/10/la-technique-de-lhydroptere/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 16:19:13 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Dr. Goulu</dc:creator>
<guid>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/03/10/la-technique-de-lhydroptere/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Viens de trouver un site un peu ancien (2002) consacré à des Travaux Pratiques Longue Durée sur ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Viens de trouver un site un peu ancien (2002) consacré à des  <a href="http://membres.lycos.fr/tpldvoile/" target="_blank">Travaux Pratiques Longue Durée sur &#8220;La technique de l&#8217;Hydroptère&#8221;</a> par 9 élèves ingénieurs en 2ème année d&#8217;Hydraulique et de Mécanique des Fluides à l&#8217;<a href="http://www.enseeiht.fr/" target="_blank">ENSEEIHT</a> (Toulouse) encadrés par deux professeurs.</p>
<p>Les sujets abordés sont nombreux :</p>
<ul>
<li>principe des hydrofoils et historique</li>
<li>choix des profils : NACA 0015 et EPPLER 817</li>
<li>réalisation d&#8217;une petite maquette &#8220;2D&#8221; pour test de profils de foils</li>
<li>mesure de portance et trainée</li>
<li>simulations numériques avec Fluent et Xfoil</li>
<li>présentation très complète de la cavitation, avec nombreuses vidéos dont une rare de supercavitation (source inconnue):
<div><span style='text-align:center; display: block;'><object width='425' height='350'><param name='movie' value='http://www.youtube.com/v/pI17znyxcZ4&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' /><param name='allowfullscreen' value='true' /><param name='wmode' value='transparent' /><embed src='http://www.youtube.com/v/pI17znyxcZ4&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' allowfullscreen='true' width='425' height='350' wmode='transparent'></embed></object></span> </p>
<div>(regardez bien le profil horizontal : plat dessus, concave en dessous, rien à voir avec un profil &#8220;aérodynamique&#8221; classique&#8230;)</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Le travail est d&#8217;excellente qualité et donne une très bonne vision globale de la problématique. Le seul reproche que je ferai est que les simulations et tests concernent des vitesses trop basses (10 m/s, 20 noeuds &#8230;) par rapport aux challenges actuels.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Underwater Express]]></title>
<link>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/17/underwater-express/</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 17 Jan 2008 10:41:18 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Dr. Goulu</dc:creator>
<guid>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/17/underwater-express/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Nos amis états-uniens ont quelques caractéristiques bien connues: ils n&#8217;aiment pas être en ret]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Nos amis états-uniens ont quelques caractéristiques bien connues:</p>
<ul>
<li>ils n&#8217;aiment pas être en retard sur qui que ce soit dans le monde</li>
<li>ils voient grand</li>
<li>leur recherche scientifique est largement financée par le budget militaire.</li>
</ul>
<p>Combinez tout ça et vous obtenez le projet &#8220;Underwater Express&#8221;. Pour reprendre les points un par un:</p>
<ul>
<li> l&#8217;objectif est de reprendre l&#8217;avantage sur les russes dans le domaine de la <a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/04/supercavitation-militaire/">supercavitation militaire</a></li>
<li>donc le DARPA a lancé en 2007 <a href="http://www.darpa.mil/sto/solicitations/underwaterexpress/index.htm" target="_blank">un projet de mini sous-marin à supercavitation</a> capable d&#8217;emmener un petit commando à la plage à 100 noeuds (!) pendant 1 heure, donc de parcourir 100 milles sous l&#8217;eau en faisant des pieds de nez à toutes les embarcations existantes.</li>
<li>grâce au point 3, on trouve de jolies simulations de supercavitation sur une <a href="http://www.arl.psu.edu/capabilities/fsm_compmech_gallery.html" target="_blank">page très intéressante de la Penn State University</a> qui travaille sur l&#8217; &#8220;Underwater Express&#8221;:</li>
</ul>
<div align="center"><img src="http://www.arl.psu.edu/images/hssvmaneuver.gif" /><br />
<i>simulation de manoeuvre de torpille à supercavitation</i></div>
<div align="left"></div>
<div align="center"><img src="http://www.arl.psu.edu/images/stream.gif" height="212" width="333" /><br />
<i>simulation de l&#8217;injection de gaz (bleu foncé) pour remplir la poche de cavitation (cyan). Voir la <a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/04/supercavitation-militaire/" target="_blank">photo du nez du Shqval</a> pour la source d&#8217;inspiration&#8230;</i></div>
<div align="left"></div>
<div align="center"><img src="http://www.arl.psu.edu/images/axinatural.gif" /><i> </i></div>
<div align="center"><i>intéressante simulation de la cavitation sur un cylindre, montrant que ce phénomène peut osciller </i></div>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[Supercavitation militaire]]></title>
<link>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/04/supercavitation-militaire/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 04 Jan 2008 17:11:23 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Dr. Goulu</dc:creator>
<guid>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/04/supercavitation-militaire/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Les premiers intéressés à aller vite dans l&#8217;eau sont, comme souvent, les militaires. Comme ind]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Les premiers intéressés à aller vite dans l&#8217;eau sont, comme souvent, les militaires. Comme indiqué dans &#8220;<a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/2007/03/09/le-mur-des-50-noeuds/">le mur des 50 noeuds</a>&#8220;, le destroyer français &#8220;le Terrible&#8221; détient toujours le record de vitesse des bateaux à déplacement avec 44.9 noeuds depuis 1935. Il est probable que son hélice tournait alors dans une grosse poche de <a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/2007/03/10/cavitation/">cavitation</a>, phénomène que tous les navires et qui plus est les sous-marins ont tenté d&#8217;éviter à tout prix par la suite.</p>
<p>Autour de 1999, il est apparu publiquement que les russes disposaient de torpilles capables d&#8217;atteindre 200 noeuds, soit 370 km/h sous l&#8217;eau (!!!), les <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VA-111_Shkval" target="_blank">Shkval.</a> Ces torpilles propulsées par fusée tirent parti de la cavitation en créant une grosse bulle autour d&#8217;elles, réduisant énormément la friction avec l&#8217;eau: c&#8217;est le principe de la <a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkval" target="_blank">supercavitation</a>.</p>
<p align="center"> <img src="http://img217.imageshack.us/img217/8188/storm16gd.jpg" /></p>
<p>Le contact de l&#8217;engin avec l&#8217;eau se limite à un petit cône à la pointe de la torpille (voir photo ci-dessous), et aux extrémités des ailerons qui &#8220;surfent&#8221; à la surface de la bulle.</p>
<p align="center"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Shkval_head.jpg/800px-Shkval_head.jpg" height="266" width="400" /></p>
<p align="left">Juste derrière le disque (ou cône, peut-être démonté sur la photo&#8230;) qui crée volontairement une poche de cavitation (de quasi vide) sur le nez de la torpille, on voit les tuyères par lesquelles du gaz est injecté pour &#8220;gonfler la bulle&#8221; et éviter ainsi qu&#8217;elle ne se referme sur le corps de la torpille.</p>
<p align="left">A noter que plusieurs sources indiquent que le sous-marin Kursk qui a sombré en 2000 effectuait un test du Shkval, voire un tir de démonstration destiné à la vente de l&#8217;engin. Certains prétendent même qu&#8217;un ou deux sous-marins US étaient dans les parages pour observer ceci, voire interférer dangereusement. Mais ceci ne nous regarde pas, d&#8217;autant qu&#8217;il existe désormais un équivalent européen  du Shkval : la <a href="http://www.diehl-bgt-defence.de/index.php?id=550&#38;L=1" target="_blank">&#8220;Barracuda&#8221; de Diehl BGT</a> &#8230;</p>
<p align="left">sources:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VA-111_Shkval" target="_blank">Wikipedia (en anglais</a>, la <a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkval" target="_blank">page française</a> étant minimale)</li>
<li><a href="http://ruspodlodka.narod.ru/st/shkval.htm" target="_blank">ОРУЖИЕ РОССИИ: &#8220;Шквал&#8221;: шпионские страсти</a> (<a href="http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fruspodlodka.narod.ru%2Fst%2Fshkval.htm&#38;langpair=ru%7Cen&#38;hl=fr&#38;ie=UTF-8" target="_blank">traduction en anglais par Google</a>&#8230;) <img src='http://s.wordpress.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </li>
</ul>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>
<item>
<title><![CDATA[WotRocket parie sur la supercavitation]]></title>
<link>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/04/wotrocket-parie-sur-la-supercavitation/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 04 Jan 2008 15:18:28 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Dr. Goulu</dc:creator>
<guid>http://foils.wordpress.com/2008/01/04/wotrocket-parie-sur-la-supercavitation/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Un nouveau bel objet de carbone s&#8217;attaque au mur des 50 noeuds : le WotRocket australien a été]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Un nouveau bel objet de carbone s&#8217;attaque au <a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/2007/03/09/le-mur-des-50-noeuds/">mur des 50 noeuds</a> : le WotRocket australien a été baptisé et fera ses premiers runs en février sur  le spot de Botany Bay cher à <a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/category/voile/macquarie/">MacQuarie Innovation</a>.</p>
<p align="center"><img src="http://www.news.com.au/common/imagedata/0,,5813197,00.jpg" alt="" width="350" height="240" /></p>
<p>La cabine biplace abrite un barreur+règleur de voile (Sean Langman, ancien champion du monde de 18 pieds, australien, of course&#8230;) et un équiper régleur de foils (Martin ‘Tacka’ Thompson)</p>
<p>Le team est financé par Graeme Wood, l&#8217;entrepreneur internet qui a créé <a href="http://www.wotif.com/" target="_blank">WotIf.com</a> , dont le logo orne l&#8217;aile.</p>
<p align="left">Les informations disponibles sont peu claires et les photos inexistantes, mais il semblerait bien que Wot Rocket ait fait le choix de foils supercavitants, comme <a href="http://foils.wordpress.com/category/sailrocket/" target="_blank">SailRocket</a>, mais apparemment avec des possibilités supplémentaires, comme l&#8217;indique cette phrase traduite d&#8217;<a href="http://www.sail-world.com/pda.cfm?Nid=40163&#38;RequestTimeOut=180" target="_blank">ici </a>:</p>
<p align="left"><em>&#8220;le concept supportant l&#8217;approche Wot Rocket est d&#8217;induire la supercavitation à basse vitesse, ou  le contrôle peut être maintenu (?), et, de là, accélérer vers les hautes vitesses. Andy Dovell (ingénieur naval) indique qu&#8217;ils ont la possibilité d&#8217;injecter du gaz à l&#8217;avant des foils pour induire la cavitation mais, dit-il, &#8216;je ne pense pas que nous en aurons besoin, car la conception des foils est telle que nous devrions pouvoir travailler sur une serie de gammes de vitesses.&#8221;.</em></p>
<p align="left">Inutile de dire que nous allons suivre ça de très près dans les prochaines semaines. En commençant par un articule sur la supercavitation, très bientôt.</p>
<p align="left">Sources:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://seasailsurf.com/seasailsurf/actu/spip.php?article4607">SeaSailSurf.fr : Record de Vitesse : Langman &#38; Wood s&#8217;attaquent aux 50 nœuds </a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.sail-world.com/australia/Wot-Rocket-aiming-to-crack-50kts-and--Speed-Record/40167" target="_blank">Sail World : Wot Rocket aiming to crack 50kts and  Speed Record</a></li>
</ul>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
</item>

</channel>
</rss>
