In the south, it is popular.

It is made of two vessels, one inside the other, the gap being filled with water, and the milk kept in the inner vessel.

Water is first converted into steam, before the milk boils over. When steam escapes through a narrow gap, with something that gives whistling noise, you switch off the stove.

Here, every day I find milk over- boiled and lost; they say Krishna drinks the milk!

The form has met my intention, finally, in the glazing.

Amen is all I have to say about that…for now

From top left, First row: Bobby Silverman, Gertraud Möhwald, and Magdelene Odundo;  Second row: Hans Coper, Viola Frey, Sam Chung and Gary DiPasquale;  Third row: Andrea Gill, Jeanne Quinn, and Mary Barringer;  Last row: Jason Green and Alan Caiger-Smith.

Visit Part I here to see not only the first grouping but also what I mean by “love” (vs. influence).  I enjoy putting these love montages together and hope to do one every so often.  I welcome you to leave a list of your all-time favorite contemporary clay artists in the comment section.

The Panamanian-flagged Danny F II capsized 11 miles (20km) off Tripoli after sending a distress signal.

At least 19 survivors from the vessel – sailing from Uruguay to the Syrian port of Tartous – have been picked up, officials said.

Lebanon has been hit by severe thunderstorms and flooding.

One of those saved was from the Philippines and another from Pakistan, a Lebanese rescue official said.

“They were very scared and cold when we pulled them out of the water,” he told AFP news agency.

“If the sea remains calm we hope to find more survivors, but if the storm kicks up again then they have little chance of surviving for more than an hour in the water,” he said.

All the livestock were presumed dead, he added.

A Lebanese military spokesman said the crew had time to don life jackets before the boat capsized.

The ship’s operator, Agencia Schandy, told AFP in Montevideo that the Danny F II had a crew of 76 and six passengers – four Uruguayans, one Brazilian and an Australian.

The ship had left Montevideo on 23 November with 10,224 sheep and 17,932 cattle, the company said.

International search

The ship’s crew are mostly from the Philippines and Pakistan but there is at least one Lebanese and one Syrian on board, a port official in Tripoli said.

Reports from Tripoli said ambulances had been seen rushing out of the port area to nearby hospitals.

Ships from the Lebanese navy and the UN peacekeeping force for Lebanon (Unifil) are conducting the search, along with a Lebanese civilian vessel.

“Three maritime task force ships – one Italian and two German – were dispatched about 10 nautical miles off the coast of Tripoli after the Lebanese navy received a distress call from a Panamanian-flagged ship,” Unifil spokesman Andrea Tenenti told AFP news agency.

A British military base at RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus was also taking part in the rescue.

“We have scrambled one helicopter from 84 Squadron but because of the distance from (Akrotiri) base it will be operating out of Larnaca,” British Forces spokesman Stuart Bardsley said.

“The helicopter is not equipped to winch at night but we provide a searchlight facility to lead the boats where there are life rafts.”

The cargo ship issued a distress call on Thursday afternoon, but had sunk before a Lebanese navy ship reached the area, a Lebanese army officer said.

December 16, 2009:

I’ve been having dreamless nights for a few days now. Maybe I should be relieved, but for some reason I still want to find out what is going to happen next. Even though the last dream I had of Alice was dreadful, it keeps me wondering.

I confided my dreams to my best friend Emily last Friday night at work. She presumes these dreams will end sooner if I stop thinking about them. I very much doubt it, but I nodded in agreement to please her. She smiled happily, thinking that it was another problem solved.

Author : AGUS, MADE

Untuk melayani kebutuhan listrik pada saat beroperasi di Kapal Republik Indonesia Jenis Mine Hunter Killer Kelas Pulau Rupat, digunakan 3 Gas Turbin Generator sebagai pembangkit utama dan 1 Diesel Generator sebagai sistem pembangkit sekunder. Untuk menjamin tersedianya suplai daya listrik yang baik guna mendukung fungsi operasi kapal ini sebagi pemburu dan penyapu ranjau, maka sangat penting untuk memperhatikan semua sistem yang mendukung lancarnya proses pembangkitan daya listriknya. Dari data yang terdapat di sistem pembangkit listrik, total daya yang dibangkitkan adalah 950 kW, dengan daya beban total yang terpasang 915,6 kW dan beban puncaknya 345,4 kW yaitu pada saat kondisi operasi pemburuan ranjau. Sehingga faktor beban untuk di kapal ini adalah 0,3- Sistem tegangan utama yang dipakai di kapal ini adalah 450 volt, 3 phasa dengan frekuensi 60 Hz. Untuk pemilihan mesin diesel yang digunakan sebagai penggerak generatomya, telah sesuai dari segi faktor kecepatan yaitu 2,5 dan jumlah silinder yang terpakai yaitu sebanyak 10 buah silinder. Analisa terhadap turbin gas yang dipakai sebagai pembangkit utama di kapal ini, salah satunya terdapat pada sistem pemasukan udaranya, dimana udara masuk ke turbin adalah hal yang terpenting sehingga perlu dianalisa kemampuan filter udaranya dan diperoleh bahwa untuk filter udara turbin gas mampu menyaring aliran udara maksimum hingga 2,55 kg/sec. Dari hasil analisa sistem bahan bakar dan kebutuhannya, efisien untuk mesin dieselnya lebih tinggi yaitu 40,56% dibanding dengan turbin gas yang hanya 17,2%, didalam fungsinya menghasiikan daya listrik yang berkontinyuitas dan berkualitas di KRI Jems Mine Hunter Kilier.

Keyword : vessel, gas turbine generator, electrical power

Sumber : http://repository.petra.ac.id/1221/

I am excited to have developed this idea to the point of putting it out into the world. These vessels thrown in porcelain have the potential to be many things. Each one is unique, no two alike, and can embody the intention given to it by its keeper.

Perhaps a votive alight to celebrate the coming of the Solstice, an important passage in life, or the coming together of two people in a commitment ceremony.

Perhaps its intention is as a tithing or giving bowl, gathering of sacred objects or in the offerings of others during a sacred ceremony.

The possible intentions are many, and may be known only to you, the recipient.

I know the year has not yet come to an end, but my work year is over due to an early Christmas Holiday.

It all started in Janurary, beeing in a position that sent me to Galicia, an region in the north west of Spain. The picture on my header is actually from Vigo, i was on the very top of a mast on the vessel i was working on at the time. This turned out to be one of the most demanding period after i started working and it was only the beginning. After almost 2 months in Spain on the first project i went home.

During my 2 first months in Spain i picked up quite a bit of the language, while my co-workers did not understand why i started learning spanish. I was not sure why myself, I think it started with a security guard that asked me in a hostile manner why I was beeing arrogant by coming to a different country without learning the language in advance. I was pretty annoyed by this comment, and asked him back if he ever was going to Norway would he lear the norwegian language?He responded with an angry look, called me an idiot and left.

When i came back in June for project number 2, there was a severe strike going on in this region. Riot squads from the Policia everyday with angry workers on the other side, throwing rocks and burning tires. It looked more like a battle field. Eventually they had to move the vessel to Portugal to finish it.

It was in Portugal in a small town called Viana Do Castelo i met this hostile security guard again. He actually remembered me from 5-6 months before, last time i met him. So i greeted him in a Spanish way, at the same time asking him how his day was. Then he came towards me and shooked my hand and thanked me for learning the language.

What i learned from this was the fact that if you go to a foreign country which has a easy language….and you know you`re going to be there for a while….try to adapt…put in a little effort….

In the end we left for Portugal and my Spanish was useless…..lol

December 10, 2009:

Footsteps… So many loud footsteps…
My eyes opened wide by this sudden sound. The darkened room scared me. My heart pounded so fast, I thought it would kill me. I jumped up from the bed while hearing ‘my mother’ screaming.

“Alice! Run!”
So that’s her name…

The little girl ran up to the door and held a small hand on the bedroom doorknob, twisting it. Through the small crack I saw a few men dressed in black outfits. I heard muted sounds coming from the kitchen. I was sure it was the mother.
Suddenly the door was opened wide and a hand was around my wrist. I noticed the black glove and looked up to see who it was connected to when suddenly everything turned black…
The rest of my senses were still working properly, since I noticed the vessel was lifted from the floor. Strong footsteps carried me into the apartment’s stairwell. It was colder there than in the comfortable room I’d known from my previous dreams. I felt the vessel making fists, as if to respond to it’s abduction, but not being able to do more. I could even feel a tear rolling across her face.
After a few strong steps in the hallway, I heard the familiar sound of the elevator opening up in front of us. We stepped into it and I felt the presence of at least two more people. It seemed to last a lifetime before the elevator halted. All the while not a word was spoken.
We made our way to the exit, a car door slid open and I was placed gently into a soft seat. Someone took a seat next to me.

When I woke up I felt a cold chill down my spine. My imagination is definitely starting to scare me. How could I dream up something like this? I’m glad I have this journal. Writing about this helps to get this off my mind and see this all in another perspective.

No other name given to mankind can be uttered without understanding the power behind sound
sound itself is the very antecedent to fear
it is the very focal point that allows light to transmute power
it is the very essence of life and that which came first according to your traditions
not just Judaism or Christianity but many of the worlds spiritual traditions
yes

it is known throughout the universe that there is an essence behind all life all matter all space
and that essence is both sound and light
that essence
that universal unified field as some would call it
is the very epicenter of life
it is the support system with which manifestations occur and it is the very heart of man
the soul of existence
the space of experience
let not your mind be confused or doubt this
only know that you will understand more clearly each day as science and those on the cutting edge of spiritual observation will bring out these new discoveries that confirm what is said here
what is more important is to realize your role
realize your passion plays a part in not only the development of your own life and those around you
but of the best and highest unfolding of the entire universe
yes
it is true
you are not a pointless part of this experience
you are the part that source wanted to experience in you as you through you
and you do matter
in every sense of the word
yes
there is so much to experience to love to understand to feel to taste touch and see
and to know
to grow that is the beauty of your existence the variety offered unto you
you get to choose which direction to go
what choices to make from moment to moment and yes
source works all things out for the best
realize that you are standing on truth of centuries old
standing on experience and observation of so many before and it will continue to unfold in a way that is best and highest for all
for you are that one to answer the call
that one to be more than less
that one to do what is best and highest
from moment to moment indeed
you are the one sent here to be
an extension of the almighty
and that is the best thing you could ever be
know that you are power
know that you are love
know that you are all things below and above
know that you are so much more than you have been given credit for
in your conditioned state of being
based on society’s norms
this you can discard and embrace the true form of who you are
the amazing wonderful
all-powerful all-knowing
extension of that which sustains all life
realize that you are that power
you are indeed
you are more than just a human being
you are divinity incarnate yes
you are and you will understand best
as you align
align with love
your true nature
align with source and be transformed by the renewing of what has been lost to illusion
and confusion
be ye redeemed by the salvation of choice
to choose to let go of thoughts that have no power
and to accept the true nature of your being and be empowered
empowering others in your revealing of who you really are
allow now
and let source do what is best and highest for you and all involved
allow now and be the vessel be the truth be the change be the voice calling out for celebration
yes now is the time
and so it is

- Morning stream of consciousness writing from John Stringer
Find out more about this blog by reading the BACKGROUND STORY.

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Note: I know that reading this may be quite strange, but it’s hard to decide if things are happening to the ‘vessel’ or to me at some points.  My apologies for the possible confusion…

December 2, 2009:

I dreamt I was about 11 years old.  From my surrounding I could tell I was in someone’s living room.  Some daylight was piercing through the curtains.  I walked towards the window and took a peek outside.  I could see the blinded windows of the apartments across the street.  Down on the street I could see it had snowed and there were already a few people walking around.
My ‘vessel’ turned to the left and entered the kitchen.  I saw a woman with dark long, curly hair sitting at the table, having breakfast.  She looked at me and asked me if I was sure I didn’t want anything to eat.  I noticed my stomach turning over.  Apparently I was ill.  The vessel shook it’s head.  The ‘mother’ finished her coffee and walked over to me.  I smelled her perfume.  It gave me a strange comforting feeling.  She held her hand against my forehead and looked concerned.  Her hazel eyes looked at me with a deep sadness.  “I guess I’ll have to call the doctor again”, she noted.  She gave me a smile, but I noticed it wasn’t an honest one.  She was definitely feeling bad about the situation.

“Why don’t you go back to bed, dear.  I’ll be right with you.”, she said while holding up the portable phone and forming a number.  Her hand seemed to  tremble or maybe it was my imagination.  I looked down and noticed I was wearing pyjamas with blue stripes.  My bare feet guided me to the bedroom.  I climbed into the bed.  Once my head lied comfortably on the cushion I slipped into a deep sleep…

My eyes slowly open, my vision is a blur.  I realize I must be myself again and reach for my glasses on the night stand on my right.  I put on my glasses and look around.  Yes, I’m back again.  I’ve been having the same dream about this little girl for a few nights now.  It always keeps me wondering what is going to happen next.  Maybe next night I may experience more than the last week.

Would this little nameless girl still be asleep? For now I’m not going to  think to much about this.
My alarm clock starts making that annoying sound.   Time to get ready for work…

Rhino 3D Vessel Modeling-
As an assignment to create a 3D vessel my response was to model the a vase vessel after the red rocks in Nevada. Our process of how to execute the 3D form in a planar form. Using sheet material and laser cutting cross sections the form, the vessel is pieced together layer by later.

My view this morning!

It’s really unusual to have snow this early in the year on the ridge opposite the front of my farmhouse.  Sometimes, the larger peak Mount Leinster does have a dusting in mid November but normally we only have it on the whole range in the thick of winter (if at all) so I was delighted to wake up to this pretty picture first thing this morning!

Hilary joined me just before half past ten to felt for the first time, our project was a simple felt vessel.  We had a chat about the basics of felting over a warming freshly ground coffee (part of a Going Green swap package from Chaimama via Ravelry) and then got stuck in selecting and weighing fibre.  The Icelandic wool batts (available from my Etsy store) are excellent for sculptural felt and it is important to have roughly the same amount of fibre on each side of your resist hence the weighing!  Hilary decided to make a round vessel with the main colours being my favourite apple green in combination with a gorgeous turquoise.  We sub-divided the wool into four equal piles giving us two layers to lay out for each side prior to any surface embellishment.  Once the two layers were laid and wet out lightly Hilary then added some turquoise mulberry silk and some swirls of wool in another complimentary turquoise/greeny shade.  As I have mentioned before using more soap than usually advised coupled with a lot less water seems to work really well with the Icelandic wool. 

Hilary sealing the edges

Once Hilary’s vessel passed the pinch test I cut out a very small hole to release the resist.  As you seal and work the cut edges the opening will always widen so a good tip is never to make the initial cut too big!  When sealing the edges use a lot of soap on your hands, this helps you to make a nice clean edge.   Now the vessel was worked by hand both on the bamboo blind (we had started with bubble wrap and progressed to the blind as the fibres started felting together) and in very hot  soapy water in the sink.  Hilary also threw the felt onto the table to help shock and full it, then kept stretching it to form the final shape and help the wool form the memory.  Finally all the soap was rinsed totally out of the felt, the vessel was reshaped, the texture and form admired and all that was needed were a few images to mark a great mornings felting!

Hilary with her stunning first piece of felt!

For some reason the image uploader is playing up this evening so check out my Flickr images for a larger shot of the finished vessel, the texture is beautiful!

House of Grass ~ by Carol Wiebe

We live in a house of grass: it grows and quickly fades to nothing. But the spirit within simply finds a new vessel.

I read a story last week: Return of the Guardian King.  Fourth and final of a vividly epic fantasy series written by a woman who knows my world, my type, and my God.  Her name is Karen Hancock, and her stories have invaded my imagination permanently.

It is a book about temptation, I told a friend.  Resisting in the slow way, wearied by the persistence, common days, small things.  And massive temptations: to betray all you have believed in, to denounce the promises of God for the power of ruling kingdoms, to trade love in the good God and His simple gifts to the extravagant suit of the alluring devil.  But the large and the small are the same. 

The characters are strong against deception and temptation when they have been faithful in the daily denying of self.  To live for others, in kindness and patience, prepares each person against bitterness and despair.  Immersion in the truth and promises of God is comfort and hope.  Even if their prayer is a single cry for help from God, bad things trun to good when people talk to their God. 

The story isn’t about what is happening on the outside as much as it is about whether the characters are trusting God, whether they know with all their might that He loves them and that His plans for them are good.  When they are rebelling against him, they are miserable.  So are those around them.  So am I. 

Kiriath is in the hands of the jealous and vengeful brother Gillard, possessed by a demon rhu’ema.  Already they treat and ally with the archenemy, Belthe’adi, Abramm had warned them of.  Abramm is known to be dead.  But Abramm is also walking the mountains, chafing under the waiting in a snowed-in monastery.  Maddie is back at her childhood home, a palatial life she never embraced, and her newest royal duty is to marry some rich aristocrat who can offer troops to defend the last stand of her homeland.  But her dreams linked with her beloved’s are back, and something tugs hope alive in her that maybe Abramm survived after all. 

Shapeshifters, dragons, and the critical people who are supposed to be his friends plague Abramm on his Odyssey-like journey back to his wife and sons.  Trap and Carissa mirror Abramm’s struggle with pride and longing but in a quiet domestic setting.  Detours take the exiled king and longed-for husband to places of faith and doubt he never would have imagined – and sometimes wishes he had never asked for. 

Every character learns the power of friends: locking them against temptation, praying for their dearest concerns, teaching and challenging with the truth, dividing the attacks of dragons, delivering messages, watching with unbiased eyes, guarding against betrayal.  Again Abramm learns that it is not his strength that conquers, and that God has not gifted him with leadership and military prowess to fight God’s battles for Him.  He is but a vessel. 

Maddie meets a charming man who is attractive in all the ways Abramm never was.  Tirus wants her, wants to help her.  He understands her and shows her off, showers her with gifts and protects her from scorn.  How long can she wait for her husband whom even her dearest friends still believe is dead?  Will she believe the light-born visions and promises from God, or the technological, repeatable sight from the stone sent to her by her suitor?  Will she change her mind about regal living and the purpose of marriage?  The things that stood in Maddie’s way when she wanted to marry Abramm, and the undeniable need they had for each other – will she forget those? 

When things go from bad to worse, whose job is it to protect the ones they love?  At what cost will they buy safety and love?  Will the armies of the Moon, and the powers of the air – dragons winging terror across the skies – will they succeed in doing their worst, in taking everything from those faithful to God?  Or will they be utterly defeated?  If they cannot be defeated, what is the point in fighting and sacrificing? 

And when God’s people fail, bitterly weak, The Return of the Guardian King resounds with display of God’s mercy.  God knew we were weak when He chose us.  He knew we would fail when He sent His Son to suffer for those sins.  And a single prayer, sometimes the end of God’s longsuffering chase, brings grace empowering His servants to do the right thing.  He cannot deny Himself.  His promises will be true, however faithless we are. 

To God be all glory,

Lisa of Longbourn

 Storage Tank.

Volume of a small tank may be half or  1 cubic meter, but in the tank farm for petroleum  it can be thousands cubic meter. Geometrically, storage tank designed as cylindrical, spherical or cubical. To prevent liquid inside tank from rain water, tank need roof. There are 2 type of large cylindrical tank roof. Fix roof as conical or dome roof  and floating type roof. Floating roof will eliminate or minimize volume of vapor of liquid to be stored such as gasoline. Floating roof is equipped with flexible hose to prevent accumulated rain water on the roof and flows it to ground through nozzle. But sometime, fix roof also combined with floating deck. The purpose of floating deck is similar with floating roof to minimize volume of vapor. This fixed roof shall have adequate ventilation to prevent accumulation of vapor in between floating deck to roof in case of any leakage from floating roof, even small.

In medium capacity, storage tank made from nonmetal such as GRP or steel depend on the services. Large capacity storage tank made from steel and painted except stainless steel. For hydrocarbon services, storage tank designed as per standard such as API. API-650 Welded Tanks for Oil Storage and API 620 Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks.

A lot of variable shall be used in mechanical design for tank, such as liquid specific gravity, maximum liquid level, tank high, tank diameter, material specification to be used, fabrication and inspection method, roof type, effect of wind and effect of earthquake. Those variables are covered in API 650. If we have familiar and well known to use each variable on excel sheet, than we can also use software such as E-tank to make work easier.

Large storage tank as per API 650 constructed at field. This tank made from prefabricated steel plates. Prefabrication of steel plate may be at shop or at field. One by one of prefabricated plates to be lifted by crane and then to be fitted and welded until to the top of tank shell. Tank roof also made and constructed similar with the tank shell, but need temporary support before roof is completed.

VESSEL

Vessel is general term as closed space and quite large volume, such as ship or cargo box. But in this case, vessel is a pressurized closed space with steel wall or other strong materials. If there is nothing inside except fluid to be serviced itself without any reaction when operate, this process equipment named drum. If there are any reaction when operate, named reactor or exchanger. If there are exchanger tubes inside and will be any heat exchange, named heat exchanger or cooler and if there is catalyst inside and will be any chemical reaction, named reactor, reformer or converter. Name of equipment based on it service or function of process equipment in the plant.   

Process equipment wall that made from cylindrical vessel will contain shell and head or cover at both end of shell. Head or cover may be designed in flat, spherical or elliptical shape. Usually, elliptical head is most preferable because of cost reason. In access to other equipment, vessel is equipped with holes and pipes inserted to wall that named nozzle and for accessing human into vessel, there is manhole with its cover. 

Due to there effect for human and environment, vessel or pressure vessel must be designed, fabricated and inspected follow the codes such as ASME VIII. Design pressure of vessel varies from a kg/cm2 until hundreds kg/cm2. Quite a lot of variables must be use to determine shell and head thickness such as pressure, temperature, material specification, diameter, joining method, inspection method that has covered in the codes.

Vessels need support and fixed to the concrete foundation by anchors bolts or bolted to steel structure. Vertical vessel that installed on the ground usually supported by skirt and for light vessel supported by steel legs and where vessel installed on steel structure supported by lugs or wings. Skirt is made from steel plate with diameter same as vessel diameter. Wind and earthquake factor and any holes on the tall vessel skirt shall be taken account in the design. Buckling effect shall be considered for steel leg support design. Horizontal vessel usually supported by saddles that made from steel plates.

 Piping

In process plant, fluid flows through pipes from one equipment to each other, except flows through open channel such as drainage or sewer. Pipe is connected to equipment and piping system components by flanges, welded or threaded. There are some piping system components; pipe itself, pipe fittings, flanges, valves, strainers, pipe supports, spring support or spring hanger.

Piping design shall be accordance with codes and standards such as ANSI/ASME. For example ANSI/ASME B31.1 Power Piping, ANSI/ASME B31.3 Process Piping, ANSI/ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System and other standard or code for other purpose piping system. Pipe material specification, diameter and thickness of pipe, pipe fittings and valves are has standardized such as in ANSI standards.

Similar with vessel design, there are variables that must be considered in thickness calculation such as pressure, temperature, selected diameter, material specification, joining method, inspection method, piping system purpose that has been covered in the codes. If there are high differences between operating temperature and ambient temperature, pipes will expand and will produce external force and moment in the pipe itself . This additional force and moment will add more stress to pipes if pipe route, pipe support type and arrangement are too rigid. Weight of liquid flows in pipe and weight of pipe itself will also produce bending moment, that mean there is additional stress to pipe. We have to consider those additional stress by selecting and arrange pipe support so that pipe stress shall not higher than calculated stress by codes. For complex piping route, using software will be helpful such as Caesar II. When necessary, pipe hanger or spring support is a choice as flexible support mainly in vertical movement of pipe.

Pump

The purpose of pump to deliver liquid from one place to other place or from one equipment to other equipment in different elevation or in different pressure. There are some type of pump mostly used : reciprocating pump, gear pump, screw pump, diaphragm pump and centrifugal pump.

Reciprocating and gear pump are categorized as positive displacement pump. In positive displacement pump, delivered liquid can not be stopped. When delivered liquid is stopped, in very short period there will be any damages either part of driver, part of pump itself or part of equipment at downstream of the pump whichever is weak. To protect equipment parts from damages, system shall be completed with trip control or pressure releasing equipment such as relieve valve. The advantage of positive displacement pump is almost unlimited discharge pressure, but capacity is limited.

Centrifugal pump is most popular. From home as water pump, fire fighting system to industries. Centrifugal pump is divided into several name based on how impeller handle the liquid. When the liquid flows in axial direction through impeller, named axial pump. When the liquid flows in radial direction through impeller, named centrifugal pump. When liquid flows in between axial and radial direction, named mixed flow pump. To lift up head as specified by process requirement, number of impeller can be more than one in one casing, named multistage centrifugal pump.

Pump design has been standardized by national standards, such as API 610 Centrifugal Pump for General Refinery Services, API 674 Positive Displacement Pumps-Reciprocating, API 675 Positive Displacement Pumps-Controlled Volume and ANSI standards.

 Which appropriate pump type shall be use? It will depend on process requirements. Main variable to be used for selecting pump type are capacity and differential pressure or head. Following chart presents operating range of centrifugal pump. This chart is only for single pump and does not for high speed pump. When necessary, parallel operation is commonly used in process plant.

Pump powered by driver such as electric motor, turbine or engine. Electric motor rotate at constant speed, but turbine and engine have adjustable speed. Selection of driver is depend to total power balance in the plant. If there is a lot of steam as side product, we can use steam turbine. If there is no steam or very limited steam, we can use electric motor. And if there is no steam and electric power we can use diesel engine or gas engine which ever is available.

Pump rotated by driver through coupling. But for small pump, impeller may be directly mounted to motor shaft and pump casing mounted to motor casing. If operating speed of pump should less than driver speed, reducing gear shall be installed between them.

The purpose of compressor is compress gas, air or refrigerant from lower pressure to higher pressure and deliver gas from one equipment or place to other equipment. Almost similar with pump, there are some type of compressor such as centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, and screw compressor. The differences between pump and compressor, pump handles liquid as incompressible fluid and compressor handles gas as compressible fluid. Ratio of specific gravity (SG) between gas and liquid at atmospheric pressure is around 1/1000.

In the reciprocating compressor, gas is compressed by piston inside cylinder from large volume to smaller volume. Pistons sealed with piston rings. Gas into cylinder and gas out from cylinder controlled by one way valves. In screw compressor, gas is compressed continuously by two precision screw with opposite rotation. Screws sealed with oil for steel screws. In the centrifugal compressor, gas as a mass rotated through impeller and compressed due to centrifugal force to discharge side. Between impeller to impeller and between impeller to ambient sealed with labyrinth, carbon ring, oil seal or gas seal.  

In practical, centrifugal compressor is multistage impeller arranged in one casing or two casing. There is also centrifugal compressor that has some impeller with difference speed mounted in one large gear casing, named Integrally Geared Centrifugal Compressor. Reciprocating compressor also divided into more than one piston or stages. Power from driver or between stages is delivered through coupling with or without reduction gear.

Compressors also have been standardized as minimum requirement such as API 617 Centrifugal Compressor for General Refinery Service, API 618 Reciprocating Compressor for General Refinery Service , API 672 Packaged, Integrally Centrifugal Plant and Instrument Air Compressor for General Refinery Services, API 619 Rotary-Type Positive Displacement Compressor for General Refinery Services.

The purpose of steam turbine is drive rotating equipment such as pumps, compressors, blowers. Power of steam turbine come from steam where flows through turbine blades and convert the thermal energy to mechanical energy. Decreasing steam pressure or expanding steam volume will decrease the enthalpy or release thermal energy become kinetic energy through nozzle or stationary blades. Kinetic energy to be transfer to turbine blades become mechanical energy through rotor. If steam expanded at nozzle in the front of moving blades and no pressure drop in moving blades, named impulse turbine or Rateau turbine. If steam expanded at both stationary blades and moving blades, named Reaction turbine. And if one nozzle for two Rateau stage which split by stationary blades as flow direction without any pressure drop across stationary  blades, named Curtis turbine.

 In practical, single Curtis turbine applies up to about 2000 kW of power and multistage steam turbine which is combination between Curtis+Rateau stages or Curtis+Rateau stages+Reaction stages or Rateau stages+Reaction stages are available from about 1000 kW up to more than 50 MW for Industrial and up to several hundred MW for Power Plant.

Steam turbines also have been standardized by national standard such as API 611 General Purpose Steam Turbine for Refinery Services and API 612 Special Purpose Steam Turbine for Refinery Services.

A man’s body is found by a fishing vessel about seven miles north of Macduff on the Moray Firth…. From BBC News. Full story

This site may contain information about: fishing rods. The blog is also related to: big game fishing.

Jones Act and Maritime Lawyers know that injuries to seamen, dock workers and workers on offshore oil rigs in California are common to workers who work out of the busiest ports in California including San Diego, Long Beach, San Pedro, and Ventura, and they can occur when such workers least expect it and many times when they are far from home.

If you’ve been injured on a vessel on the dock or in any maritime situation, visit our law firm website at http://www.SebastianGibsonLaw.com for more information and call us at any of the numbers easily found on our website.

Maritime jobs are some of the riskiest in the world. Chains whip across the decks of ships, seamen lose limbs and can find themselves in ports receiving less than optimum medical treatment after being days away when the injury occurs.

The Jones Act covers those injured on a vessel while on navigable waters but it also covers workers on oil rigs, workers on barges and workers even in transport to their vessel. The word, “vessel” includes a vast array of boats, ships, tankers, freighters, cruise ships, dredges and even helicopters.

As a result, seamen injured aboard ship have three avenues of recovery: The Jones Act, the doctrine of seaworthiness and the principle of maintenance and cure.

The Jones Act provides injured seamen with compensation for the negligence of others while employed on a vessel or offshore oil rig. That compensation includes damages for future medical treatment, past and future wage loss and pain and suffering.

Under the Jones Act, a seaman must prove the negligence of the vessel or oil rig’s owners, employees, or operators. Negligence can also be proven by showing defects in the vessel’s equipment or gear, or in the vessel itself.

The owner of a vessel also owes an absolute duty to provide and maintain a seaworthy vessel. It must be equipped with safe equipment, and be a safe place to work.

Upon being injured, a seaman has a right to benefits referred to as “maintenance and cure.” The maintenance part of this term refers to a daily amount for food and shelter. The cure part of this term refers to medical treatment. Treatment is provided until the seaman reaches his or her maximum medical improvement.

In the event of death, the spouse and family members of the deceased seaman are entitled to an award for any economic losses they have suffered by reason of the seaman’s death in addition to any pain and suffering the seaman may have suffered up until the time of his death.

Jones Act cases are significantly different from personal injury or workers compensation cases. An attorney without Jones Act experience is likely to be a fish out of sea until he or she has handled a few of these cases.

Not every worker aboard a ship is considered a seaman. Non-seamen workers injured over navigable waters are covered under the Longshoremen’s and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act.

Even if you are not a seaman and have been injured while employed in any maritime activity on or near the water, you should talk to a maritime injury attorney to ensure you receive the compensation you are due.

If you’ve been injured in connection with a maritime, dock or boat accident, visit our law firm website at http://www.SebastianGibsonLaw.com and call the law offices of Sebastian Gibson today.

Prima edizione per SuonInstabili, in programma a novembre e dicembre al Teatro Instabile di Napoli. La location, punto di incontro della cultura d’avanguardia partenopea, apre le porte alla musica contemporanea, alla fotografia, al teatro. Tre gli appuntamenti: Viti Di Titanio il 25 novembre, Vessel il 2 dicembre, Amor Fou il 18.

La Titanium Sound Factory, “madre” della rassegna, si prefigge come scopo quello di amalgamare le diverse forme d’arte incanalandole attraverso il Teatro Instabile, punto nevralgico della cultura d’avanguardia napoletana.

Si parte il 25 novembre con il live di una band campana promettente: Viti di Titanio. I fondatori, Marcello e Maurizio Vitale, con , propongono un rock poetico e melodico di caratura internazionale, tra Massimo Volume e Dirty Three. Il loro show, sarà fortemente legato al loro album “Giro di Vite”, celebre romanzo di Henry James. Sarà un concerto “ecleticco”, grazie anche agli ospiti, il percussionista Giovanni Imparato, e l’attrice Elena Cepollaro. Ingresso a 5 euro.

Viti Di Titanio

Secondo appuntamento il 2 dicembre con i Vessel. Per la prima volta a Napoli, ed al Sud, il nuovo progetto musicale di Corrado Nuccini ed Emanuele Reverberi dei Giardini di Mirò con Alessandra Gismondi, bassista e cantante degli storici Pitch. Un repertorio che si confronta con la musica d’autore, il rock, la psichedelia, la new wave. In preparazione l’ep “Yo Ho He Ho”. Ingresso a 10 euro.

Ultimo appuntamento il 18 dicembre (biglietti a 10 euro) con gli Amor Fou, progetto poprock sognante di Alessandro Raina (Giardini di Mirò) e Cesare Malfatti (Amor Fou) . L’Amor Fou, tema ricorrente della letteratura romantica, l’amore che distrugge, ferisce, uccide. Lo show sarà inedito: vedrà la partecipazione di Ilenia Corti, designer di accessori da donna e regista sperimentale specializzata in tecniche oggi in disuso (super 8 e 16mm)  e dell’attrice Mara Cassiani, direttamente dalla compagnia teatrale “ Societas” di Raffaele Sanzio.

Amor Fou

Durante tutta la rassegna, si potrà ammirare la photo expò di Federica Di Lorenzo “Fall Apart/frame from the wood”. La fotografia della Di Lorenzo “muove i passi dall’interesse e lo studio dell’arte contemporanea che porta alla nascita di particolari progetti fotografici realizzati su supporti in plexiglas che mettono in relazione diversi livelli comunicativi. Con ‘FALL APART / frame from the wood’, l’artista di Eboli (Sa) proporrà una mostra ‘instabile’ in cui lo spettatore stesso si troverà coinvolto e diverrà protagonista del processo di continuo divenire che porterà l’esposizione a subire trasformazioni durante tutto il periodo della rassegna”.

Il Teatro Instabile si trova a Napoli, al numero 38 di vico Fico Purgatorio ad’Arco

Per info: suoninstabili@gmail.com

333 5815884- 338 4731271