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<channel>
	<title>volkswagen &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://en.wordpress.com/tag/volkswagen/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "volkswagen"</description>
	<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 04:18:37 +0000</pubDate>

	<generator>http://en.wordpress.com/tags/</generator>
	<language>en</language>

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<title><![CDATA[A2DP music streaming and your Volkswagen]]></title>
<link>http://askavwsalesguy.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/a2dp-music-streaming-and-your-volkswagen/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 00:42:50 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Jay Pichardo</dc:creator>
<guid>http://askavwsalesguy.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/a2dp-music-streaming-and-your-volkswagen/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Just because your new radio in your 2010 Volkswagen has an option for Bluetooth streaming it doesn]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Just because your new radio in your 2010 Volkswagen has an option for Bluetooth streaming it doesn&#8217;t mean that your car has the necessary hardware to make it work.</p>
<p>Volkswagen uses two systems on their passenger cars option 9W2 and option 9W3. here is the catch 22: option 9W2 supports bluetooth streaming while 9W3 supports voice dialing, phone book transfer (expect on Jetta TDI/SEL) and caller ID.</p>
<p><strong>The ONLY Volkswagen that support A2DP are:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Jetta S (with optional 9W2)</li>
<li>Jetta SE</li>
<li>Jetta Wolfsburg ediiton</li>
<li>Jetta Sportwagen ( all trim levels and engines)</li>
<li>Golf (all trim levels and engines)</li>
<li>GTI</li>
</ul>
<p>The following models <strong>DO NOT SUPPORT A2DP </strong>becuase they use option 9W3 but look at the bright side you get voice dialing!:</p>
<p>Passat</p>
<p>CC</p>
<p>Tiguan</p>
<p>Touareg</p>
<p>Jetta TDI (sedan ONLY)</p>
<p>Jetta 2.5 SEL</p>
<p>EOS</p>
<p>But wait there is more!!! If A2DP is more valuable to you than voice dialing or vise versa you can swap the modules! here is a link with instrcutions:</p>
<p>http://www.aenea.org/jsw/jsw9w3upgrade.pdf</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Volkswagen GTI: It will go fast]]></title>
<link>http://inzert.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/volkswagen-gti-it-will-go-fast/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 00:40:57 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>vzsolt</dc:creator>
<guid>http://inzert.wordpress.com/2009/11/17/volkswagen-gti-it-will-go-fast/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Advertising Agency: BIG Advertising, Beijing, China Creative Director: Jun Zhang Art Director: Tao M]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><a href="http://adsoftheworld.com/media/print/volkswagen_gti_pee_in_the_pants_girl" target="_blank"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-278" title="VW-GTI-1.preview" src="http://inzert.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/vw-gti-1-preview.jpg" alt="" width="475" height="322" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Advertising Agency:</strong> BIG Advertising, Beijing, China<br />
<strong>Creative Director:</strong> Jun Zhang<br />
<strong>Art Director:</strong> Tao Meng<br />
<strong>Copywriter: </strong>Yang Yu<br />
<strong>Illustrators: </strong>Zhigang Li, Xiaoming Cheng</p>
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<title><![CDATA[From Sverige with love]]></title>
<link>http://bulgogibrothers.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/from-sverige-with-love/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 22:49:52 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>bulgogibrothers</dc:creator>
<guid>http://bulgogibrothers.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/from-sverige-with-love/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Love these artless everyday automotive snaps from Sweden. In our opinion, the best photography (be i]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Love these artless everyday automotive snaps from Sweden. In our opinion, the best photography (be it automotive or otherwise) is the kind that looks like it&#8217;s not trying at all, yet manages to look effortlessly good.</p>
<p>(That same idea probably applies just as well outside of photography.)</p>
<p><a href="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2555/4045863062_2b71f253f3.jpg"><img src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2555/4045863062_2b71f253f3.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="500" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2619/4109901426_6e70462deb.jpg"><img src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2619/4109901426_6e70462deb.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="500" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2652/4110561184_3af7c4cde2.jpg"><img src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2652/4110561184_3af7c4cde2.jpg" alt="" width="450" height="450" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3634/3469647514_d52fdcc00e.jpg"><img src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3634/3469647514_d52fdcc00e.jpg" alt="" width="494" height="500" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2557/3916537731_9dd8dc5c2a.jpg"><img src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2557/3916537731_9dd8dc5c2a.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="331" /></a></p>
<p><em>Photo credit: Michael Winnerholt</em></p>
<p>- Gyro</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Surprising Car We Like: Passat Wagon 3.6 4Motion]]></title>
<link>http://bulgogibrothers.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/surprising-car-we-like-passat-wagon-3-6-4motion/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 21:13:33 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>bulgogibrothers</dc:creator>
<guid>http://bulgogibrothers.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/surprising-car-we-like-passat-wagon-3-6-4motion/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Although, should we really be surprised? Yes, it&#8217;s a Passat, which means it&#8217;s kinda blan]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Although, should we really be surprised? Yes, it&#8217;s a Passat, which means it&#8217;s kinda bland (or so the conventional thinking goes), but consider:</p>
<ul>
<li>it&#8217;s a wagon</li>
<li>it&#8217;s a 3.6 liter, naturally aspirated VR6 (which we absolutely love)</li>
<li>it&#8217;s got AWD</li>
</ul>
<p>Our only beef (and admittedly, this is pretty huge) is that the 3.6 wasn&#8217;t ever available with standard transmission (the 2.0T was, but four cylinders and FWD in a car this big doesn&#8217;t get us going). Tiptronic with paddles and sport mode means the lack of a manual gearbox isn&#8217;t a complete dealbreaker, but just barely. And it should go without saying that we don&#8217;t get the <a href="http://www.autoblog.com/2008/04/29/vw-passat-r36-goes-on-sale-in-uk/">good stuff</a> over here (do we ever?).</p>
<ul></ul>
<p><a href="http://i724.photobucket.com/albums/ww246/ebayauctionsburnout/gtg047.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://i724.photobucket.com/albums/ww246/ebayauctionsburnout/gtg047.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="475" height="317" /></a></p>
<p><!--more--></p>
<p>No, it&#8217;s not going to be an engaging drive right out of the box like, say, the S4 Avant, but it&#8217;ll likely also cost on the order of thousands of dollars less (although we really haven&#8217;t studied this issue yet), haul considerably more stuff (if that&#8217;s important to you), and still look and drive (and sound!) plenty nice after some pretty standard bolt-on modifications that we would have taken to an S4 anyway: cold air intake, exhaust, software tune, cup kit or coilover suspension, rear sway bar, wheels, tires, and possibly brakes if there&#8217;s money left over (since the stock brakes &#8211; also found on the R32, S4, and European S3 &#8211; are pretty good as is).</p>
<p><a href="http://img177.imageshack.us/img177/377/img1826j.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://img177.imageshack.us/img177/377/img1826j.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="594" height="396" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://barsociety.squarespace.com/picture/derek%20copy.jpg?pictureId=3030472"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://barsociety.squarespace.com/picture/derek%20copy.jpg?pictureId=3030472" border="0" alt="" width="486" height="322" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v499/gti995/dsc01066.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v499/gti995/dsc01066.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="527" height="353" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://crm.wongbooger.com/1226/images/IMG_0502raw.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://crm.wongbooger.com/1226/images/IMG_0502raw.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="444" height="296" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://dapolrbear.smugmug.com/Cars/VW-Passat-Wagon/IMG5674/692067773_dTjQm-L.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://dapolrbear.smugmug.com/Cars/VW-Passat-Wagon/IMG5674/692067773_dTjQm-L.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="475" height="356" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://dapolrbear.smugmug.com/Cars/VW-Passat-Wagon/IMG5716/700436829_YsLqq-L.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://dapolrbear.smugmug.com/Cars/VW-Passat-Wagon/IMG5716/700436829_YsLqq-L.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="475" height="356" /></a></p>
<p>One of these days, we&#8217;ll also spotlight the previous generation (B5.5) Passat W8 (W8!) 4Motion Sport wagon (epic in its own right, but probably significantly less practical).</p>
<p><a href="http://images.motortrend.com/roadtests/oneyear/112_0506_07z+2003_Volkswagen_Passat_W8_Sport+Front_Passenger_Side_View_Getting_Gas.jpg"><img src="http://images.motortrend.com/roadtests/oneyear/112_0506_07z+2003_Volkswagen_Passat_W8_Sport+Front_Passenger_Side_View_Getting_Gas.jpg" alt="" width="480" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>- Gyro</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Precios Volkswagen Golf R]]></title>
<link>http://periodismodemotor.com/2009/11/16/precios-volkswagen-golf-r/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 20:03:43 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>hugovl</dc:creator>
<guid>http://periodismodemotor.com/2009/11/16/precios-volkswagen-golf-r/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[El Golf más potente de todos los tiempos ya se puede adquirir en los concesionarios de la marca a un]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><em>El <strong>Golf</strong> más potente de todos los tiempos ya se puede adquirir en los concesionarios de la marca a un precio de 36.750 € con cambio manual de seis velocidades. Si el elegido es el <strong><a href="http://periodismodemotor.com/2009/09/14/volkswagen-golf-r20/" target="_blank">Golf R</a></strong> con cambio automático<strong> DSG</strong> de doble embrague, el precio asciende a 38.720 €.</em></p>
<p><a href="http://periodismodemotor.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/golf-r.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-3090" title="Golf-R" src="http://periodismodemotor.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/golf-r.jpg" alt="Golf-R" width="510" height="340" /></a></p>
<p>El equipamiento de serie incluye, entre otras cosas: llantas de aleación ligera &#8220;Talladega&#8221; de 18 pulgadas, enchufe multimedia AUX-IN y MEDIA-IN, faros bi-xenón autodireccionables con luz de marcha diurna, tempomat y tren de rodaje deportivo.<br />
<!--more--><br />
<a href="http://periodismodemotor.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/trasera-golf-r20.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2424" title="trasera-golf-r20" src="http://periodismodemotor.wordpress.com/files/2009/09/trasera-golf-r20.jpg" alt="trasera-golf-r20" width="510" height="340" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Precio:</strong><br />
Volkswagen Golf R: <em>36.750 €</em><br />
Volkswagen Golf R DSG: <em>38.720 €</em></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Ballin' out of control]]></title>
<link>http://bulgogibrothers.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/ballin-out-of-control/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 18:43:25 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>bulgogibrothers</dc:creator>
<guid>http://bulgogibrothers.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/ballin-out-of-control/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[&#8216;84 GTI. Boosted 8V. 300+ ponies. (Power-to-weight ratio!). Scirocco leather interior. $8K. We]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>&#8216;84 GTI. Boosted 8V. 300+ ponies. (Power-to-weight ratio!). Scirocco leather interior. $8K.</p>
<p>We. Love. It.</p>
<p><a href="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny1.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny1.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="448" height="270" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny4.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny4.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="448" height="299" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny7.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny7.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="448" height="214" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny8.jpg"><img style="border:0 none;" src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v621/urogolf/manny/bunny8.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="448" height="269" /></a></p>
<p>(<a href="http://forums.vwvortex.com/zerothread?id=4591347">VWvortex</a>, via <a href="http://bringatrailer.com/2009/11/13/too-much-horsepower-1984-vw-gti/">BaT</a>)</p>
<p>- Gyro</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Volkswagen completa 50 anos no Brasil e anuncia novos investimentos ]]></title>
<link>http://jbtecidos.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/volkswagen-completa-50-anos-no-brasil-e-anuncia-novos-investimentos/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 16:23:07 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Julio Bessa</dc:creator>
<guid>http://jbtecidos.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/volkswagen-completa-50-anos-no-brasil-e-anuncia-novos-investimentos/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[O Estado de S. Paulo Ela chegou a ser comparada a uma cidade nos anos 80. Tinha ruas com semáforos, ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><em>O Estado de S. Paulo</em></p>
<p>Ela chegou a ser comparada a uma cidade nos anos 80. Tinha ruas com semáforos, capela, agência de correio e padaria que produzia 50 mil pães por dia. Hoje menor, mas ainda uma gigante imponente na Via Anchieta, que liga a capital ao litoral paulista, a fábrica da Volkswagen comemora na quarta-feira 50 anos de inauguração oficial, data marcada pela histórica foto em que o presidente Juscelino Kubitschek passeia pela linha de montagem em um Fusca conversível.</p>
<p>A fábrica, a primeira da Volkswagen fora da Alemanha, foi a escolhida pelo grupo para receber boa parte de um novo investimento que será anunciado no fim deste mês ou início de dezembro. O dinheiro será aplicado em aumento de capacidade produtiva e desenvolvimento de carros que chegarão ao mercado nos próximos dois ou três anos.</p>
<p>A companhia tem mais duas unidades de automóveis, uma em Taubaté (SP) e outra em São José dos Pinhais (PR), e uma de motores em São Carlos (SP). Recentemente, a matriz alemã vendeu a unidade de caminhões para o grupo MAN. O novo aporte vai se somar ao programa de R$ 3,2 bilhões anunciado para o período 2007 a 2011 e faz parte do projeto do grupo de chegar em 2012 com produção anual de 1 milhão de veículos. Este ano, a produção deve atingir volume recorde de 800 mil unidades.</p>
<p>&#8220;A Anchieta é a fábrica mais complexa do grupo&#8221;, afirma o presidente da Volkswagen do Brasil, Thomas Schmall. &#8220;Produz nove modelos, da Kombi ao novo Gol&#8221;. Ele não adianta detalhes do anúncio que fará nas próximas semanas, mas indica que a unidade do ABC deve crescer mais que as outras do grupo.</p>
<p>Schmall também destaca a importância da filial para a matriz, que conta com o Brasil, seu terceiro maior mercado, para chegar à liderança mundial em vendas nos próximos anos. &#8220;Em 2006, representávamos 8% das vendas do grupo; hoje, já participamos com 11%.&#8221;</p>
<p>No mercado brasileiro, a marca que tem um terço de sua produção feita na unidade Anchieta, espera voltar à liderança do mercado de automóveis e comerciais leves, perdida para a Fiat em 2001, no próximo ano.</p>
<p>No segmento de automóveis, o objetivo já foi atingido e a marca alemã está à frente da italiana com 25,6% de participação nas vendas de janeiro a outubro. Na soma dos segmentos, a VW aumentou suas vendas em 13% (com 573,5 mil unidades) neste ano, ante um crescimento de 7,4% do mercado.</p>
<p>Até o fim do ano, a Volks ainda vai lançar duas novas versões de modelos, completando um pacote de 16 lançamentos. Para 2010, serão mais dez novidades, informa Schmall, que aposta em um crescimento de 3% a 6% nas vendas internas, sendo que a Volkswagen deverá crescer entre 4% a 8%.</p>
<p><strong>Gesto imitado</strong></p>
<p>A Volkswagen instalou-se em São Bernardo do Campo em 1957 inicialmente produzindo a Kombi. A inauguração oficial só ocorreu dois anos depois, com a presença do então presidente da República que vislumbrou um futuro industrial para o Brasil. Um ano depois chegou a São Bernardo a também alemã Mercedes-Benz. A primeira a instalar-se no ABC paulista, porém, foi a General Motors, que em 1930 inaugurou a fábrica de São Caetano do Sul, inicialmente para produzir caminhões. Mais tarde vieram Toyota e Scania (1962) e a Ford (1967).</p>
<p>O aglomerado de montadoras atraiu dezenas de fabricantes de autopeças e fez da região o mais importante polo automotivo do País e, também, o berço do sindicalismo brasileiro. Foi no ABC que surgiu o líder metalúrgico Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. &#8220;Kubitschek, com seu gesto, abriu o caminho para o Brasil ter uma indústria forte&#8221;, diz Schmall. Hoje, o Brasil é o sexto maior produtor mundial de veículos e o quinto maior mercado. Até de dezembro deverão ser vendidos no País mais de 3 milhões de veículos.</p>
<p>O gesto de Juscelino foi imitado, mais tarde, por outros dois presidentes. Em 1993, quando o Fusca voltou a ser produzido, Itamar Franco desfilou em uma versão conversível especialmente fabricada para a ocasião. Em 2003, foi a vez de Lula desfilar pela fábrica em um Fox conversível, dessa vez no cinquentenário da chegada da Volkswagen ao País, inicialmente como importadora.</p>
<p>O especialista em indústria automobilística, José Roberto Ferro, presidente do Lean Institute, concorda que a fábrica Anchieta representou a chegada ao Brasil da produção em massa. Mas ressalta que, por muitos anos, foi uma das mais ineficientes em produtividade. &#8220;Ela trouxe ao País o modelo que era competitivo na época, com a produção interna de quase todos os componentes usados no carro, até mesmo os tapetes, mas o mundo produtivo mudou e a Volks ficou estacionada.&#8221;</p>
<p>Ferro acredita que a Volkswagen mudou muito nos últimos dez anos, passou por várias reestruturações, &#8220;mas não está nos níveis mais avançados do mundo&#8221;. Schmall reconhece os anos de ineficiência, mas garante que a empresa &#8220;conseguiu inverter o jogo e hoje é uma das mais eficientes&#8221;.</p>
<p>No início dos anos 80, a VW Anchieta chegou a empregar mais de 40 mil funcionários e hoje tem perto de 13 mil. Somando as quatro fábricas do grupo, chega-se a pouco mais da metade desse número. Produção de peças e serviços foram terceirizadas, modelo produtivo adotado por todas as montadoras.</p>
<p>O encolhimento da fábrica e do quadro de pessoal foi feito à base de muitas greves e negociações com o Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC. Uma das mais longas foi em 2006, quando a empresa ameaçou fechar a fábrica caso não conseguisse reduzir o número de trabalhadores para tornar a unidade mais competitiva.</p>
<p>Com 40 anos de idade e há 25 funcionário da Anchieta, Luiz Carlos da Silva Dias, vice-coordenador da Comissão de Fábrica, cita como um dos avanços a relação entre trabalhadores e empresa. &#8220;Antes tínhamos de fazer greve para que eles sentassem à mesa para negociar; hoje a greve é a última alternativa após as negociações.&#8221;</p>
<p>Ao longo dos seus 50 anos, a Anchieta produziu 11 milhões de veículos, o equivalente a um terço de toda a frota de carros e comerciais leves que circulam pelo País e a 60% de toda a produção da Volkswagen brasileira. Parte dessa produção é do modelo Gol, o carro mais vendido no País há 22 anos.</p>
<p>Em várias ocasiões, a marca teve de chamar seus clientes de volta às concessionárias para corrigir defeitos de fábrica. O recall mais polêmico foi dos modelos Fox, ocorrido depois que alguns consumidores tiveram parte dos dedos decepados no sistema de rebaixamento do banco traseiro.</p>
<p>Fonte: O Estado de S. Paulo &#124; <a href="http://www.estadao.com.br">www.estadao.com.br</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Minty Static 2]]></title>
<link>http://supermade.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/minty-static-2/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 16:11:24 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>supermade</dc:creator>
<guid>http://supermade.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/minty-static-2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[there are car pics&#8230; and then there are car pic&#8217;s like THESE]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div style="text-align:left;padding:0;">
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/dbson/4105326650/" title="photo sharing"><img src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2550/4105326650_3ee8a9bbba.jpg" style="border:solid 0 #000000;" alt="" /></a><br />
</p>
<p>there are car pics&#8230;</p>
<p>and then there are car pic&#8217;s like <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/dbson/">THESE</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Tire-dúvidas sobre a substituição das rodas do carro]]></title>
<link>http://jbtecidos.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/tire-duvidas-sobre-a-substituicao-das-rodas-do-carro/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 15:35:54 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Julio Bessa</dc:creator>
<guid>http://jbtecidos.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/tire-duvidas-sobre-a-substituicao-das-rodas-do-carro/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Globo.com/G1 Sem sombra de dúvidas alguns acessórios valorizam o automóvel. Outros, não chegam a acr]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><em>Globo.com/G1</em></p>
<p>Sem sombra de dúvidas alguns acessórios valorizam o automóvel. Outros, não chegam a acrescentar uma valorização financeira, mas sim uma melhoria no visual, algo que dá o toque final em um belo carro. E nesse aspecto as rodas fazem toda a diferença. Porém, o mais comum é o motorista fazer a substituição do modelo original por outro no mercado paralelo, geralmente mais “sofisticado”, ou apenas mais bonito.</p>
<p>Acontece que nem sempre o mercado oferece o produto adequado ao seu veículo, por isso entender um pouco mais sobre esse equipamento é importante antes de fazer qualquer alteração, mesmo que seja a troca de uma versão simples, feita de ferro, por exemplo, por um modelo de liga leve da mesma linha do seu veículo.</p>
<p>A primeira parte a ser analisada é a furação da roda, ou seja, a quantidade de porcas ou parafusos que são necessários para fixar a roda. Ela pode ter quatro, cinco, seis furos ou outra especificação conforme a aplicação. Tecnicamente isso é chamado por PCD, em outras palavras, a distância entre os furos de fixação e a quantidade deles que a roda possui. Para dar um exemplo dessa medida, cada marca conta com um valor de referência diferente, assim sendo a roda de um Volkswagen não cabe em um Ford.</p>
<p>Na seqüência da análise vem o off set, que nada mais é do que a distância entre a posição em que fica a base da roda, que faz o assentamento dela, comparada ao meio do aro. Essa informação é importante, pois a instalação de uma roda com o off set adequado mantém a boa dirigibilidade, além de evitar desgaste prematuro dos componentes da suspensão e dos pneus.</p>
<p>O off set com valor negativo indica que a superfície de assentamento da roda está mais próxima do lado interno da roda, em outras palavras, a parte externa da roda tende a avançar aos pára-lamas e o aro externo da roda fica mais aparente. Antigamente era comum esse tipo de roda ser chamado por tala larga, que denominava os carros esportivos das décadas de 1970 e 1980. Esse tipo de off set também é muito utilizado nas camionetes.</p>
<p>Já o off set positivo significa que a base da roda está mais próximo ao lado externo. Assim, o lado externo do aro não passa o pára-lama e o aro fica com aparência de fino. Esse modelo é mais utilizado em veículos de passeio. De qualquer forma todo tipo de roda conta um valor de off set, mesmo que esse valor seja zero.</p>
<p>Um detalhe faz muitos motoristas cometerem erros quando o assunto é roda. Trata-se do parafuso, ou porca. Eles podem ser de dois tipos. Um é o modelo cônico, que apresenta o assentamento similar a um funil. O outro é o esférico, que apresenta o assentamento similar a uma circunferência. Desse modo, cada especificação é para uma aplicação distinta, assim sendo nunca tente colocar um parafuso ou porca com assentamento cônico no furo com assentamento esférico, ou a situação oposta, pois eles não são compatíveis. Lembre-se de limpar e inspecionar as roscas das porcas e parafusos antes de fazer o aperto das rodas.</p>
<p>As roscas devem estar livres de corrosão ou rebarbas e em caso de corrosão ou espanamento é de extrema importância fazer a substituição imediatamente. Nunca force o aperto de parafuso e no momento de fazer o aperto, faça conforme as instruções do manual do proprietário do carro, que indica a maneira mais adequada e segura de fazer esse serviço. Uma boa dica é segurar a roda enquanto os parafusos são apertados. Evite deixar a roda apoiada apenas sobre um parafuso enquanto se faz a colocação dos demais. Para sua segurança, o aperto dos parafusos ou porcas deve ser em forma de cruz ou em seqüência de estrela.Pode parecer uma informação sem fundamento, mas a ordem correta de aperto garante a tranqüilidade dos ocupantes.</p>
<p>Além disso é imprescindível fazer uma verificação alguns quilômetros após o aperto a fim de observar se não ocorreu algum afrouxamento. É importante também não utilizar graxa ou lubrificante nas porcas e parafusos, uma vez que o uso dessas substâncias pode fazer com que elas se soltem com a vibração do veículo. Nunca deixe um parafuso ou porca a menos que o especificado, é um risco tremendo.</p>
<p>Se a ideia é colocar um modelo de liga leve, veja algumas das principais vantagens em relação às rodas de aço. A primeira é o peso reduzido, o que se converte em menos consumo de combustível. Com o peso inferior ocorre menor desgaste dos componentes da suspensão e também do sistema de freios. Outra vantagem é a absorção de impactos. Entretanto, independente da roda, a ausência de manutenção, ou o emprego de certos produtos químicos e materiais corrosivos podem danificar a superfície ou tornar o acabamento opaco, algo desagradável visualmente.</p>
<p>Alguns cuidados a serem tomados pelos motoristas para manter as rodas do automóvel sempre em ordem são o balanceamento e alinhamento de suspensão. O balanceamento deve ser realizado sempre que se perceber alguma trepidação no volante ou dentro dos limites de quilometragem estabelecido pelo fabricante do veículo. Rodas corretamente balanceadas ajudam a minimizar o desgaste desigual e estender a vida útil dos pneus. Quando as rodas são balanceadas, normalmente a cada 10.000 quilômetros, são colocadas pequenas peças de chumbo nas rodas para deixar seu peso uniforme. Os pneus e as rodas devem ser balanceados quando for feito rodízio de pneus ou então após a colocação de pneus novos.</p>
<p>Vale ressaltar que antes de substituir as rodas é importante pensar no conjunto formado por roda e pneu. Desse modo é bom ficar atento ao índice de carga, que não deve ser inferior ao modelo original. O limite para suportar velocidade também não deve ser desprezado.</p>
<p>Contudo ainda assim é possível trocar o conjunto de roda e pneu, mas o diâmetro externo deve ser mantido ou no máximo sofrer variação de até 3%, tanto para mais ou para menos. Em outras palavras, se for alterar a roda por um modelo de aro maior, deve-se fazer uma redução na altura do pneu. Uma boa regra utilizada é a seguinte: para aumentar uma polegada do aro deve-se reduzir 10 milímetros na altura do flanco e aumentar 10 milímetros na largura da seção. Por exemplo, um pneu com medidas de 175/70 R13 equivale a um modelo com medidas de 185/60 R14. Duplicando a regra um pneu 175/70 R13, pode ser equivalente a um 195/50 R15. Fonte: Globo.com/G1/Ricardo Lopes da Fonseca &#124; <a href="http://www.g1.globo.com">www.g1.globo.com</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Chefe da VW diz que mercado ainda não se recuperou]]></title>
<link>http://jbtecidos.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/chefe-da-vw-diz-que-mercado-ainda-nao-se-recuperou/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 15:32:04 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Julio Bessa</dc:creator>
<guid>http://jbtecidos.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/chefe-da-vw-diz-que-mercado-ainda-nao-se-recuperou/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Revista Quatro Rodas on-line O chefe de vendas da Volkswagen AG, Detlef Wittig, alertou aos investid]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><em>Revista Quatro Rodas on-line</em></p>
<p>O chefe de vendas da Volkswagen AG, Detlef Wittig, alertou aos investidores para que não interpretem os bons resultados da marca em outubro como um sinal de recuperação da indústria.</p>
<p>“As vendas globais de automóveis de passeio ainda não se reestabeleceram completamente, o que nos faz prever que 2010 será um ano muito difícil e desafiador”, afirmou em um comunicado divulgado nesta sexta-feira, 13 de novembro.</p>
<p>No último mês, a VW registraram um crescimento de 11,1%, com 557.300 veículos comercializados entre suas oito marcas. O resultado fez com que as vendas acumuladas da empresa subissem pela primeira vez em 2009.</p>
<p>Entre as marcas, a Volkswagen computou um aumento de 17% nas vendas, especialmente pela alta demanda em países como China, Brasil e Alemanha. A checa Skoda também se destacou, com um aumento de 33% em suas vendas, totalizando 65.600 unidades comercializadas em outubro. Até mesmo a Seat, que vinha apresentando sucessivos prejuízos, mostrou um aumento de 1,9%.</p>
<p>Fonte: Revista Quatro Rodas on-line/Vitor Matsubara &#124; <a href="http://www.quatrorodas.abril.com.br">www.quatrorodas.abril.com.br</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[One Platform, Sixty Models: VW Define Sharing]]></title>
<link>http://ontheautomotive.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/one-platform-sixty-models-vw-define-sharing/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 11:32:03 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>onthemotoring</dc:creator>
<guid>http://ontheautomotive.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/one-platform-sixty-models-vw-define-sharing/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Volkswagen will soon be launching a brand-spanking-new, front-wheel drive platform which will be put]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Volkswagen will soon be launching a brand-spanking-new, front-wheel drive platform which will be put to work on not one, but up to sixty models across it&#8217;s range of marques.</p>
<p>Currently polishing off the last few details, the MQB platform (ready? it&#8217;s an anacronym for modularen querbaukasten), VW will be using it on vehicles across Audi, Seat, Skoda and Volkswagen by the middle of the next decade. It&#8217;s expected to debut on the next Audi A3 &#8211; in 2011.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-387" title="2011audia3" src="http://ontheautomotive.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/2011audia3.jpg" alt="2011audia3" width="450" height="302" /><!--more-->So what&#8217;s so special about this MQB platform? Well, it provides for a common distance between the front axle and the pedals &#8211; regardless of the size of the car it&#8217;s applied to.</p>
<p>According to Head of Research and Design for Volkswagen, Ulrich Hackenberg, this means that they will have &#8220;the possibility to produce models from different segments and in varying sizes using the same basic front-end archictecture.&#8221;</p>
<p>This means that from the Lupo to the <a title="Volkswagen Sharan Tamworth" href="http://www.johnsonscars.co.uk/volkswagen/new-cars/view/64/New-Volkswagen-Sharan" target="_blank">Volkswagen Sharan, Tamworth</a>, UK and any VW drivers could basically be driving a car that uses the same platform and allow parts commonality between the biggest-selling models (60 to 70% commonality). Hopefully, then, a saving for both manufacturer and driver.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[classic]]></title>
<link>http://supermade.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/classic-2/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 10:14:38 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>supermade</dc:creator>
<guid>http://supermade.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/classic-2/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><img src="http://i169.photobucket.com/albums/u202/GABI_001/DEPO%20PARTY%202009/IMG_1374.jpg" alt="mk2" /></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Test av Nya Golf GTD ]]></title>
<link>http://lecab.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/test-av-nya-golf-gtd/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 08:44:33 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>annathuresson</dc:creator>
<guid>http://lecab.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/test-av-nya-golf-gtd/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Aftonbladet har testat nya Golf GTD. Med 170 diselhästar och en blandad körning på 0,53l/mil så är d]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Aftonbladet har testat nya Golf GTD. Med 170 diselhästar och en blandad körning på 0,53l/mil så är den ju både kul och snål. Den som tastade verkade i alla fall väldigt nöjd, <a href="http://www.aftonbladet.se/bil/article5993993.ab" target="_blank">läs hela testet här!</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[VW Rumour]]></title>
<link>http://kashblack.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/vw-rumour/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 05:24:28 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Kashyap</dc:creator>
<guid>http://kashblack.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/vw-rumour/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Good commercial by AGENCY. V, Paris.]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Good commercial by AGENCY. V, Paris.</p>
<p><span style='text-align:center; display: block;'><object width='425' height='350'><param name='movie' value='http://www.youtube.com/v/szNm2EI0_3A&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' /><param name='allowfullscreen' value='true' /><param name='wmode' value='transparent' /><embed src='http://www.youtube.com/v/szNm2EI0_3A&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' allowfullscreen='true' width='425' height='350' wmode='transparent'></embed></object></span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[VOCÊ CONHECE, VOCÊ CONFIA.]]></title>
<link>http://farinhademandioca.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/voce-conhece-voce-confia/</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:58:22 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Matheus Tapioca</dc:creator>
<guid>http://farinhademandioca.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/voce-conhece-voce-confia/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Carro zero é uma beleza. É um verdadeiro troféu para anos de trabalho duro. Dá pena de dirigir, de t]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/michelneuhaus/" target="_blank"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1522" title="Miche_Neuhaus_vc-conhece-vc-confia" src="http://farinhademandioca.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/vc-conhece-vc-confia4.jpg" alt="Miche_Neuhaus_vc-conhece-vc-confia" width="450" height="331" /></a></p>
<p>Carro zero é uma beleza. É um verdadeiro troféu para anos de trabalho duro. Dá pena de dirigir, de tirar o plástico, você lava toda semana, o tanque está sempre cheio e a revisão em dia. Carro zero vem até com cheiro de carro zero.</p>
<p>Mas para pagar mais de trinta mil reais, você precisa escolher bem a marca. Uma montadora que você conhece, você confia: compramos um Fox da Volkswagen.</p>
<p>Era vermelho para espantar mau-olhado, tinha três nós de três fitinhas do Senhor do Bonfim, guia de Iemanjá, placa com dois números 7, tudo para proteger o FireFox. Por que a gente dá nome pra carro?</p>
<p>Quando completou um ano, o Firefox já tinha sido guinchado quatro vezes. Não pegava quando fazia frio (imagine se eu morasse no Alaska), o protetor de Carter tinha um parafuso a menos e o cheiro do carro zero mudou para cheiro de cocô.</p>
<p>Na primeira vez que levamos Fulana, nosso demônio em forma de cão, para a veterinária, ela fez cocô no banco traseiro, pisou e espalhou a merda por todo o carro. Quem disse que o lava-rápido queria aceitar? Apenas mediante pagamento de 120 reais. Lavagem que deixou o banco todo manchado.</p>
<p>Para comemorar um ano de vida, o Firefox fez jus ao nome e pegou fogo dentro da garagem do prédio. O problema é que você não pode deixar ele queimar e esperar o seguro pagar. Você tem que apagar o fogo pra não destruir o edifício junto.</p>
<p>Mas como casei com uma mulher preparada, que tem curso de brigada de incêndio, ela gritou o nome do porteiro que apagou a labareda que já queimava o cano do esgoto do condomínio.</p>
<p>O cheiro do carro zero mudou para queimado. Passou um mês na concessionária para, enfim, devolverem com cheiro de queimado e ainda se despedirem dizendo que a concessionária faliu e que deveríamos repassar o caso para outra.</p>
<p>Ah&#8230; Mas isso não foi suficiente. A marca que você conhece, você confia inventou de partir o cabo do freio de mão com o carro estacionado numa ladeira. O carro desceu, bateu em outros dois, quase atropelou um transeunte e rachou no meio de um poste.</p>
<p>Só para finalizar: o caso do incêndio no FireFox gerou um recall de 40 mil carros.</p>
<p>Volkswagen. Você conhece, você confia.</p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">Matheus Tapioca </span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://twitter.com/FarinhaMandioca" target="_blank"><img title="carinha_farinha" src="http://farinhademandioca.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/carinha_farinha.jpg?w=47&#038;h=47#38;h=47" alt="carinha_farinha" width="47" height="47" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#888888;">Ilustração: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/michelneuhaus/" target="_blank">Michel Neuhaus</a><br />
Toda segunda uma nova crônica. Acompanhe.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">Matheus Tapioca</span></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Novo VW Fox ]]></title>
<link>http://supercarmultimarcas.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/novo-vw-fox/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 15 Nov 2009 23:35:54 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>SUPER CAR MULTIMARCAS</dc:creator>
<guid>http://supercarmultimarcas.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/novo-vw-fox/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Novo VW Fox O compacto chega à segunda geração com desenho mais esportivo, inspirado no novo Polo eu]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><h1 style="text-align:center;">Novo VW Fox</h1>
<p>O compacto chega à segunda geração com desenho mais esportivo, inspirado no novo Polo europeu. Os faróis perderam o formato arredondado, adotando formas mais retas.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">
<div id="attachment_1063" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 478px"><img class="size-full wp-image-1063" src="http://supercarmultimarcas.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/1-fox.jpg" alt="Supercar" width="468" height="301" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Supercar 0 km</p></div>
<p style="text-align:center;">A grade e o para-choque dianteiro também mudaram em relação ao modelo anterior. A lateral sofreu poucas alterações, enquanto que a traseira ganhou lanternas com nova disposição de luzes e novo para-choque.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">
<div id="attachment_1064" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 478px"><img class="size-full wp-image-1064" title="Supercar" src="http://supercarmultimarcas.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/novofox2.jpg" alt="Supercar" width="468" height="289" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Supercar 0 KM</p></div>
<p>O interior foi completamente redesenhado e evolui, tanto em estilo quanto em acabamento. Os plásticos utilizados nos painéis de porta são melhores do que o antigo Fox e o novo modelo passa a oferecer um painel de instrumentos completo, muito semelhante ao Polo vendido na Europa. Nada muda quanto às motorizações. Os propulsores 1.0 e 1.6 VHT, ambos dotados da tecnologia flex, permanecem em linha.</p>
<div id="attachment_1066" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 478px"><img class="size-full wp-image-1066" title="SUPERCAR" src="http://supercarmultimarcas.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/novofox31.jpg" alt="SUPERCAR" width="468" height="300" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Supercar 0 KM</p></div>
<p>A carroceria de duas portas é exclusiva da versão 1.0, mas também poderá ser comprada com quatro portas. As demais versões são a intermediária 1.6 e a topo-de-linha 1.6 Prime.</p>
<p>Direção hidráulica será item de série em todas as configurações e o câmbio automatizado pode ser incorporado aos modelos 1.6 por 2.400 reais.</p>
<p>QUATRO RODAS também aproveitou o lançamento do Fox para colocá-lo frente a frente com seus dois principais concorrentes, Chevrolet Agile e Renault Sandero.</p>
<p>A edição de novembro traz ainda o desmonte do Effa M100, cujo teste foi interrompido antes dos 60 mil quilômetros por falta de segurança. O modelo chinês teve um dos piores desempenhos da história do Longa Duração da QUATRO RODAS e a reportagem mostra porque ele foi reprovado em todos os itens avaliados.</p>
<p>FONTE 4 RODAS !</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Autos]]></title>
<link>http://vozmanuel.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/autos/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 15 Nov 2009 22:01:46 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>julio</dc:creator>
<guid>http://vozmanuel.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/autos/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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<title><![CDATA[R-tastic]]></title>
<link>http://supermade.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/r-tastic/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 15 Nov 2009 16:08:20 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>supermade</dc:creator>
<guid>http://supermade.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/r-tastic/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[VW Groupby von stetr24vw]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div style="text-align:left;padding:0;">
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/stetr24vw/4091218763/" title="photo sharing"><img src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2536/4091218763_a9f9c618f8.jpg" style="border:solid 0 #000000;" alt="" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-size:.8em;margin-top:0;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/stetr24vw/4091218763/">VW Group</a>by von <a href="http://www.flickr.com/people/stetr24vw/">stetr24vw</a></span>
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<title><![CDATA[Confira como vai ficar o novo VW Touareg]]></title>
<link>http://blogcarro.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/confira-como-vai-ficar-o-novo-vw-touareg/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 15 Nov 2009 07:33:29 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>blogcarro</dc:creator>
<guid>http://blogcarro.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/confira-como-vai-ficar-o-novo-vw-touareg/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Nova Touareg vai ficar mais agressiva (Projeção: Promotor.ro) A Volkswagen prepara o lançamento da s]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><div id="attachment_2627" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 510px"><img class="size-full wp-image-2627" title="VW_touareg_01" src="http://blogcarro.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/vw_touareg_01.jpg" alt="VW_touareg_01" width="500" height="312" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Nova Touareg vai ficar mais agressiva (Projeção: Promotor.ro)</p></div>
<p>A Volkswagen prepara o lançamento da segunda geração do seu utilitário esportivo, o Touareg. O novo modelo deverá estreiar em março de 2010 no Salão de Genebra.</p>
<p>Como é possível notar o novo Touareg irá se adaptar aos atuais traços estilísticos na família Volkswagen. Não dá para negar que o carro terá uma frente muito parecida com o carro mais famoso da marca, o Golf. Por outro lado, isso não pode ser chamado de ruim, já que o Golf é um dos carros mais vendidos do mundo.</p>
<p>O problema é o preço que se pagará para ter um carro parecido com um hatch. Em todo caso, vale a reflexão.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://blogcarro.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/vw_touareg_02.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2629 aligncenter" title="VW_touareg_02" src="http://blogcarro.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/vw_touareg_02.jpg" alt="VW_touareg_02" width="450" height="281" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Diferente da primeira versão, a segunda geração do Touareg irá buscar linhas mais esportivas. Em contra partida, do lado de dentro o carro irá adotar a terceira fileira de bancos. Tudo para acomodar uma família grande e, quem sabe, cair no gosto dos americanos.</p>
<p>Os motores não devem ser muito diferentes dos atuais. Está prevista uma versão com seis e outra com oito cilindros. Está prevista ainda uma versão híbrida do jipão.</p>
<p>O certo é que o carro vai perder bastante a similiariedade com o Porsche Cayenne, que foi co-irmão do Touareg na primeira geração.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Volkswagen tops Toyota as world’s largest vehicle producer]]></title>
<link>http://allcarnews.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/volkswagen-tops-toyota-as-world%e2%80%99s-largest-vehicle-producer/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 15 Nov 2009 00:04:01 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>allcarnews</dc:creator>
<guid>http://allcarnews.wordpress.com/2009/11/15/volkswagen-tops-toyota-as-world%e2%80%99s-largest-vehicle-producer/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Figures from automotive industry analyst IHS Global Insight show that Volkswagen has overtaken Toyot]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Figures from automotive industry analyst IHS Global Insight show that Volkswagen has overtaken Toyota as the world’s largest vehicle producer for the first three-quarters of 2009.</p>
<p>
<p><img src="http://www.caradvice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/volkswagen_scirocco_f34_ns_1019092_815-625x416.jpg" alt="Volkswagen tops Toyota as world’s largest vehicle producer" /></p>
</p>
<p> VW made 4.4 million vehicles from January to September compared to the 4.2 million tallied in Toyota’s recent financial report.</p>
<p> However, Toyota today claimed that it has actually produced 4.9 million vehicles, but offered no explanation for the discrepancy.</p>
<p> Some sources are speculating that the difference could come from counting kit units assembled by Toyota’s affiliates, but there is no clear word yet.</p>
<p>
<p><img src="http://www.caradvice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/toyota_ft-86_f34_09-to-as_2_815-625x415.jpg" alt="Volkswagen tops Toyota as world’s largest vehicle producer" /></p>
</p>
<p> Either way, VW’s stay at the top is expected to be short-lived, with the Japanese manufacturer known to have slowed production dramatically through the global financial crisis and capable of ramping it up to a 10 million vehicle capacity.</p>
<p> Toyota produced 9.24 million vehicles in 2008 and is expected to make closer to seven million this year.</p>
<p> While VW does not have the capacity to match Toyota, its growth has come through diversifying.</p>
<p> In July, VW sold 128,000 cars in China, nearly one-quarter of its global monthly sales.</p>
<p> by Tim Beissmann</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Volkswagen Ad (proatctivity Ghost ad)]]></title>
<link>http://entaovadesign.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/volkswagen-ad-proatctivity-ghost-ad/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2009 23:28:26 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>leonardpear</dc:creator>
<guid>http://entaovadesign.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/volkswagen-ad-proatctivity-ghost-ad/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-34" title="Golf's road animal" src="http://entaovadesign.wordpress.com/files/2009/11/anuncio-volkswagen.jpg" alt="Golf's road animal" width="450" height="636" /></p>
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<title><![CDATA[The Fun Theory -A teoria do divertimento ]]></title>
<link>http://theworldisfuckinglost.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/the-fun-theory-a-teoria-do-divertimento/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2009 20:32:00 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>zouk</dc:creator>
<guid>http://theworldisfuckinglost.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/the-fun-theory-a-teoria-do-divertimento/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[A teoria do divertimento é baseada em fazer  mudanças no comportamento e nas acções das pessoas no d]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[A teoria do divertimento é baseada em fazer  mudanças no comportamento e nas acções das pessoas no d]]></content:encoded>
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<title><![CDATA[On Strategic Groups &amp; the 5-Forces Framework]]></title>
<link>http://uhniche.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/on-strategic-groups-the-5-forces-framework/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2009 16:56:42 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>uhniche</dc:creator>
<guid>http://uhniche.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/on-strategic-groups-the-5-forces-framework/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Michael E. Porter defines a Strategic Group as ‘the group of firms in an industry following the same]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>Michael E. Porter defines a Strategic Group as ‘the group of firms in an industry following the same or a similar strategy along the strategic dimensions.’  This essentially means that a Strategic Group, within an industry, is a group of firms that operate in a similar fashion in terms of their respective Specialization and Vertical Integration. If we take the example of the Passenger Car Industry, a group of firms are characterized by broad product lines, heavy advertising, medium integration, extensive distribution, mass-market appeal and widely-available service, lets call this <strong>Group A</strong>, while another group of companies would be characterized as extremely narrow product lines, minimal, often no advertising, high integration, selective distribution and service and superior performance, lets call this <strong>Group B</strong>. The firms that fall in Group A, internationally, are to the likes of Hyundai, Ford, Chevrolet, Volkswagen, Fiat, Toyota, Renault etc., while firms like Ferrari, Bugatti, Bentley, Rolls Royce, Lamborghini, Maybach etc, belong to the latter group. Then there exists a group in between wherein performance meets mass-market appeal. This, <strong>Group C,</strong> would consist of firms like BMW, Audi, Daimler-Benz (Mercedes), Porsche, Alfa-Romeo, Nissan etc., which are a match between performance and luxury, and wide-appeal through narrow product lines. Another group of manufacturers, say <strong>Group D</strong>, such as Proton, Tata Motors, Maruti-Suzuki, Daihatsu, Mahindra &#38; Mahindra, etc. exists which has most characteristics of the first group, barring an international appeal, meaning that manufacturers like these are broadly limited to their home countries and a few other countries, with product lines which are neither narrow nor broad, but have extensive distribution channels, at least in their home countries.  Firms in Group B are highly vertically integrated primarily because of the focus on quality in their products, which is essentially why most products from these firms are hand-built with in-house manufacturing of components unlike other groups where most, and in some cases, all components are purchased, ranging from the Chassis to the Design, and Automobiles are just assembled in the plants.</p>
<p>Interestingly, the Strategic Groups, as mentioned, also have a lot in common with market shares of these firms. While Group A firms tend to enjoy a high market share with their products with mass-market appeal internationally, Group B, on the other end of the spectrum, has firms with products of very limited appeal, primarily because of the exorbitant price tags. Group C firms have much smaller market shares than that of Group A, and have a middle-of-the-road appeal in terms of luxury and performance and price. Group D, on the other hand, consists of firms with large market shares in only a few markets, most commonly in the country they originate from. It is also interesting to understand the ownership patterns of firms across various Strategic Groups. Broadly, the largest Global players enjoy a presence, through one or more of their brands, in at least three of the four strategic groups. For example, Volkswagen Group has a presence in Group A with its Volkswagen brand, in Group B with Bugatti &#38; Bentley, in Group C with Audi &#38; Porsche, and in Group D with Skoda &#38; SEAT. Similarly, Fiat Group has a presence in the three groups with Fiat in Group A, Ferrari in Group B and Alfa-Romeo in Group C. The benefits are primarily in the form of platform sharing and in effect, cost saving because of reduced Research &#38; Development costs, Market Power and the sharing of critical components.</p>
<p><strong>Industry Rivalry</strong></p>
<p>Rivalry within a Strategic Group is likely to be more in industries where there is a great difference between product lines of firms, especially in terms of pricing. In the Automobile Industry, the rivalry among the firms within a Group is far greater than the inter-group rivalry, as opposed to an industry where the substitutes are very close and are available in plenty. The inter-group rivalry is at a far lower level internationally because of the scale and appeal of products of firms from different groups. On the customers’ part, there can be a shift from one group to another, especially when upgrading to a more expensive automobile, the firms effectively compete for customers in different market segments on their parts. For example, Ford does not compete with Ferrari, but it does, in some segments, with BMW, Audi &#38; Mercedes. This is because Ford’s more expensive and less mass-market range of cars are in similar segments with BMW’s lesser expensive, more mass-market cars. So a Ford Focus would compete with a BMW 1-Series and not a BMW 7-Series as the target customers for both are poles apart. Similarly, firms from Group D can often compete with firms from Group A on a regional level, which is why we see Maruti-Suzuki competing with Ford, Fiat &#38; Chevrolet because their target customers in the Indian market are broadly similar, but differ in the global context.</p>
<p><strong>Bargaining Power of Suppliers</strong></p>
<p>Different strategic groups enjoy different degreed of bargaining power of suppliers. In Strategic Groups where firms are primarily assemblers, the bargaining power of suppliers tends to be low primarily because of the scale of production of these firms. Often firms that operate in the mass-market enjoy market power because of their market share. This allows them to leverage their position to bargain with suppliers and have components customized for their use than that of other players. For example, Denso is a key supplier of Toyota to such an extent that Denso follows Toyota to whichever market Toyota enters. The bargaining power of Toyota over Denso is fairly high because of standardization of components and faster product development times across the industry because of which Toyota has the advantage of purchasing similar components from Bosch or Delphi. But because Denso is so dependent on Toyota for its revenues, it has to operate in a manner which suits Toyota, hence effectively lowering possibilities of serving another client. The existence of multiple-suppliers allows firms to pick and choose from a bouquet of firms and attain the lowest possible costs, keeping in mind the specification of the components in concern. In other strategic groups such as Group B, the bargaining power of suppliers is fairly high because of the focus on quality of the product. Most firms in Group B product most components of their cars and outsource only a few. The few components that they outsource come from specialist suppliers. The switching costs may not be very high, but the costs of customization of products to suit the manufacturer is very high because of the nature of the product.</p>
<p><strong>Bargaining Power of Buyers</strong></p>
<p>Bargaining power of buyers varies from group to group. Groups where mass-market players exist with minimal product differentiation have to deal with high bargaining power of buyers while groups with highly differentiated products enjoy low bargaining power of buyers. Strategic Group A, where firms are mass-market players with low product differentiation in most cases, have to deal with very high bargaining power of customers, primarily because of the availability of a plethora of options both from the same firm as well as from constituents of the Strategic Group. The bargaining power of buyers is slightly lower for Group C firms than that of Group A, because each Group C firm has a brand identity which is peculiar to that firm alone while others are close to achieving similar results, but are not widely known for the same. For example, BMWs are identified with their handling and performance, while Mercedes cars are identified as the more luxurious of the two. While customers pick between one of the brands, they have an agenda in mind while purchasing cars from this particular group. A customer who would like more performance than luxury is likely to go for one brand over the other, but at the same time, the customer also enjoys the presence of multiple players and can shift from one brand to another because the products are so close to each other in terms of specifications, features, luxury and performance. Firms in Group B enjoy low bargaining power of buyers, primarily because they have highly differentiated products with varied features and specifications. The products are normally either extremely high on luxury, or on performance. While all products in this strategic group are far more luxurious and better in performance than those in the other groups, they tend to have an inclination towards one side of the spectrum. While Rolls Royce cars are the epitome of luxury on wheels, Ferrari’s are the best performers of the lot, which is not to say Rolls Royce is archaic in terms of performance and Ferrari in luxury. The customers here have a clear-cut demand which can only normally be filled by one of the brands, which essentially goes to say that the bargaining power of buyers is low for Strategic Group B firms.</p>
<p><strong>Threat of Substitutes</strong></p>
<p>Substitutes to passenger cars are broadly based on the price points of the vehicles. While at the lower-end of the spectrum, substitutes are public transport and 2-wheelers, the higher-end of the spectrum only has air-travel as a substitute, which is only applicable for inter-city travel. Group A and Group D face the threat of substitutes such as 2-wheelers and public transport because of their price points. For example, the Tata Nano faces threat of substitutes by Motorbikes in India, especially for unmarried individuals, married without children and empty-nesters. The other threat to lower-end cars is Public Transport, primarily because of the limited spending capacity of the target customers of these products. Firms in Strategic Group B only face threat from substitutes such as Helicopters and Airplanes, the latter primarily for inter-city travel and the former for intra-city travel. The threat is low because of the scarcity of helipads in most parts of the world.</p>
<p><strong>Threat of New Entrants</strong></p>
<p>Threat of new entrants is low across the industry at a global level primarily because of the capital requirements for setting up of production facilities and distribution channels. The threat is low on a global level, but at a local level, threat in parts of the world is high. For example, in India, the threat of new entrants is at a medium level because of the absence of multiple global players. When these players decide to enter India, they can, and are willing to, spend Millions of dollars in setting up infrastructure to support their products. This is aided by a huge potential market for products of these firms, which are primarily members of Group A. Establishing of brands is also a very difficult task, especially for firms looking to enter Group B or Group C. Most firms in these groups have been present in the market for decades and have established their brands over years and years of existence and can hence charge a huge price tag for their offerings.</p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
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<td><strong>Group A:</strong>Hyundai, Ford, Chevrolet, Fiat, Volkswagen, Toyota, Renault etc.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Group B:</strong>Bentley, Rolls Royce, Ferrari, Maybach etc.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Group C:</strong>BMW, Daimler-Benz, Audi, Porsche, Nissan etc.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
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<td><strong>Group D:</strong>Maruti-Suzuki,Tata Motors, M&#38;M, Skoda, Proton etc.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Reference:<br />
Competitive Strategy, Michael E. Porter</p>
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<title><![CDATA[On Michelin: One of the 100 Corporations that would survive 100 Years]]></title>
<link>http://uhniche.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/on-michelin-one-of-the-100-corporations-that-would-survive-100-years/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2009 16:48:14 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>uhniche</dc:creator>
<guid>http://uhniche.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/on-michelin-one-of-the-100-corporations-that-would-survive-100-years/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[The recently published list of the Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations, as derived by Innovest,]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>The recently published list of the Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations, as derived by Innovest, is based on a comprehensive analysis of organisations on four factors; Strategic Governance, Human Capital, Environment and Stakeholder (Not Shareholder) Capital. The Forbes article has been quick to point out that three most admired organisations as of today, Google, Apple and Microsoft, have not featured on the risk because of reasons very particular to them. The way I see it, the factor that stands true for all three of them is that they were all Entrepreneurial ventures to begin with, with clear cut leaders and focus areas. The fact that none of the entrepreneurs behind these three will survive a 100 years, at least two won’t even last another 25 years, is a very important factor. The one attribute common, as per my understanding, to the organisations that do feature on the list is that a majority of them don&#8217;t have clear cut leaders on which are the face of the organisation, as is the case with both Apple and Microsoft, are not there. They don&#8217;t actually have a face of the organisation, but the organisation itself is a brand in itself, whether through its products/services, logos or size. This is possibly why the authors of the article have stuck to companies without a person representative of their brand. I personally could not think of one person whom I could relate to any of these corporations, which is probably why they are actually sustainable since the responsibility of the organisations representation lays with the organisation itself, and not just with the Entrepreneur himself.</p>
<p>Michelin, the world’s second largest tyre maker, is an Entrepreneurial venture started by André and Edouard Michelin in 1888 to address a gap in the market. It was started when a cyclist with a busted pneumatic tyre approached the brothers, who ran a rubber factory at the time, to fix it. Upon their analysis of the tyre and the fact that it was glued to the rim of the bicycle, they identified a gap in the market in the form of a ‘removable pneumatic tyre’ which didn’t need to be glued to the rim to function properly and could be replaced faster than the conventional pneumatic tyres which took a couple of hours to dry. The brothers filed a patent for the same in 1891.Thereon, the organisation has made a large number of innovations, from improving the design of the pneumatic tyre to the Radial tyre in 1941 to the ActiveWheel system which has motors built into the wheel, and is to be launched in 2012. Michelin is the creator of, arguably the most recognized trademarks in the world, The Michelin Man or Bibendum, which was introduced in 1898 and represents Michelin in over 150 countries. Bibendum is essentially a man made out of numerous stacks of tyres and is used by the organisation in various promotional related activities across the world, and is shown doing a variety of activities in Michelins advertisements.</p>
<p>Innovation then runs in the blood of Michelin. This, for me, is the most prominent feature of an entrepreneurial venture as it is the factor that distinguishes the entrepreneur from the businessman. An Entrepreneur innovates existing products/services and creates one that is more functional or utilitarian, which is exactly what the Michelin brothers established. With tweaks in the design of the pneumatic tyre, they managed to have it grab the rim of the wheel without actually gluing the tyre which essentially allowed the repairing of tyres to become a much quicker and easier job. This transformed the entire industry to develop into what we know it as now. Had this innovation not been thought of, we’d be carrying glue in the back of our vehicles along with the spare tyre. To prove the usability of their version of the pneumatic tyre, the brothers actually scattered nails on the road during a cycle race and depicted to the people there the superiority of their tyre over the conventional tyres. The organisation then went on to focusing on developing tyres for Cars and eventually partnered with Citroën to develop the Radial type tyre.</p>
<p>Michelin, as an organisation, has grown exponentially in the past, especially with the grown in the global auto sector post-world war 2, which was followed by two decades worth of stagnancy, and then growth again beginning the late 1980’s, during which Michelin picked up OEM, or Original Equipment Manufacturer, contracts with General Motors, Volkswagen and Volvo to name a few. The evolution of Michelin as a company was stupendously fast during the first five decades of its existence, mostly because the tyre market was still maturing, along with the auto industry. Off late, especially in the last three decades, Michelins growth has primarily been focussed on motorsports, primarily Le Mans and A1 GP. The primary reason for this focus, as Michelin puts it, is to help develop better tyres for street cars and motorbikes alike. This has proved to be of some substance with Michelin coming up with continual augmentations being made to tyres already being produced. With a decade of research and few tweaks, Michelin has managed to improve its Energy Saver tyres, which reduce fuel consumption by 0.2 litres per 100 Kilometres, and consequently reduce CO2 emissions by up to 4 grams per kilometre. Another innovation which the company is working on is the ‘Tweel’. The Tweel is a replacement for the very invention that took Michelin from Zero to Hero, the Radial tyre. The Tweel is made out of rubber and doesn’t need any air; instead the spokes of the wheel twist and bend as opposed to staying fixed solid. This not only allows for a more comfortable ride as the surface area of the tyre and the wheel are incorporated, but also allows for more flexibility and of course, punctures will be history once this tyre is put into use. These are just few of the many innovations Michelin is working on, which is why it features on the Forbes 100 list of companies that will survive a 100 years. Another reason why Michelin features on the Forbes 100 list is probably that they’re not afraid to admit failure and pull out of a non-profitable or unviable business. They did so with both Formula 1 and MotoGP because they understood that their products weren’t competent enough to go head to head with the master of all circuit racing tyres, Bridgestone. They do, however, still supply tyres to A1 GP and a host of other races where they know they have the cost advantage. This also is conceivably Michelins Achilles heel. Simply because they could not match the functional superiority of Bridgestone, they packed their bags and bid adieu as opposed to developing their product to meet the rigorous requirements of the pinnacle motorsport divisions. </p>
<p>Michelins success, at least the way I see it, can be attributed to innovation, and by innovation, I refer specifically to those which were required by the market. The fact that Michelin have been able to sustain their spot in the global tyre market, even when competitors with differentiated, and sometimes superior, products have come in to snatch away segments of the market, is a symbol of their unwavering spirit to succeed, which has primarily been done through a deep, clear understanding of market trends and providing what actually mattered, as opposed to anything out of the sandbox. Whether it’s the Energy Saver Tyres, or the Tweel or the ActiveWheel, they are all innovations which have purely been derived out of the need of the market, and not as an attempt to display technological or operational superiority. Michelin, hence, can, and will, survive over a hundred years, because they don&#8217;t just change the rules of the game, they change the entire game.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration:underline;">References:</span></p>
<p><a href="http://www.michelin.com/">http://www.michelin.com</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.michelinman.com/">http://www.michelinman.com</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.michelin-passion.com/passion/home/en/home.jsp?lang=EN">http://www.michelin-passion.com/passion/home/en/home.jsp?lang=EN</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.forbes.com/2009/01/28/long-lived-companies-leadership_0128_sustainability.html">http://www.forbes.com/2009/01/28/long-lived-companies-leadership_0128_sustainability.html</a></p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelin">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelin</a><cite></cite></p>
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<title><![CDATA[On Clusters]]></title>
<link>http://uhniche.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/of-clusters/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2009 16:36:16 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>uhniche</dc:creator>
<guid>http://uhniche.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/of-clusters/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[The paper on Clusters &amp; New Economics of Competition by Michael E. Porter, to a great extent, is]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><p>The paper on Clusters &#38; New Economics of Competition by Michael E. Porter, to a great extent, is an extension of his acclaimed piece of work titled ‘The Competitive Advantage of Nations’. The papers talks about Clusters – Geographic Concentrations of interconnected companies and institutions in a particular field – and how they play a vital role in a nations competitive advantage in a global economy which exists today. Porter states that companies can now tone down input cost disadvantage through global sourcing and essentially breakaway from the traditional notion of low-cost advantages. He talks about how competitive advantage now rests on productive use of inputs and the advantage of continual innovation for sustenance of competitive advantage for organisations and nations alike.</p>
<p>Porter mentions the importance of clusters with numerous examples from across the globe, ranging from the Italian footwear Industry, to California’s Wine industry, to the IT industry in Silicon Valley and so on. The striking feature here is the number of support and supplementary industries that have formed on account of the inherent advantages offered by the success of a fragment of the entire Cluster. Essentially, clusters play a major role in innovation through continual innovation and contribute to the foci of the cluster through education, marketing, supporting through ancillaries and so on. Further, Clusters are a hotbed for competition, which also contributes a great deal to innovation as intensity in competition drives organisations to focus more on innovations in terms of the durability of their offerings and cost-related advantages. Another significant attribute of clusters is the fact that they provide a bottomless pitcher of employees through the development of institutions of professional training and research. Not only does this allow organisations in the clusters to infuse new talent into their operations, it also ensures availability of workforce on an as-and-when basis.</p>
<p>On further articulation, a clear cut live example of Clusters and their contribution to competitive advantage can be seen in the Automobile Industry Cluster in the New Delhi &#38; NCR area. It started with Maruti-Suzuki’s first production facilities in Manesar, Haryana and now accommodates two Maruti-Suzuki plants, a Hero Honda plant, Honda Motorcycles and Scooters facility, and a plethora of component manufacturers in the Gurgaon-Manesar area near New Delhi, and Honda Siel Motors and Yamaha India in Greater Noida on the other side of the capital. The factors that have attributed to this cluster are the sprouting of component manufacturers such as Sona Steering, Minda, Apollo Tyres <em>et al</em> around the Maruti-Suzuki facility in Manesar, and of further support organisations in areas of Delhi such as Mayapuri Industrial Area. The fact is, however, that the cluster was essentially instigated by the Government with the set up of the Maruti-Suzuki production facility in Manesar back in the mid-1980’s and the various tax and real-estate benefits offered by both the Central and State governments. This allowed for the set-up of a large number of component manufacturers since importing components at the pre-liberalisation era was just not a cost-effective option. Given the high demand for engineering graduates and management professionals, a large number of institutions were set up both by the government and private players to meet the demand through a never-ending supply of manpower. This essentially further motivated more Automobile manufacturers to set up shop around the area because of the logistical, cost and manpower advantages. A similar pattern can be seen at Pune, Maharashtra as well, which was primarily instigated by the setting up of the Tata Motors plant and Bajaj Motors plant, where the best of Automobile manufacturers are setting up shop, from Volkswagen to Daimler AG.</p>
<p>To conclude, the competitive advantage offered by clusters is highly beneficial for both the constituents of the clusters as well as the government as a whole. It is evident that most manufacturers can source parts from countries such as China and South Korea, but they stick to Indian component manufacturers because of the plethora of advantages offered by them.</p>
<p>Reference:</p>
<p>Clusters and the New Economics of Competition</p>
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